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Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Guaranteed Securities - Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities (Details) $ in Thousands | Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($) position | Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($) position
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Schedule of Held-to-Maturity, Available-for-sale, and Trading Securities [Line Items] |  |
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions | position | 107 | 91
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | $ 2,093 | $ 2,106
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities [Member] |  |
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity, Available-for-sale, and Trading Securities [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized Premium/(Discount) | 57,006 |
Held-to-Maturity Securities [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-Maturity Unpaid Principal Balance | 4,154,175 | 4,181,784
Held-to-maturity Securities, Amortized Cost before Other than Temporary Impairment | 4,211,181 | 4,244,124
Held to Maturity; Unrealized Holding Gains | 576 | 2,119
Held to Maturity - Unrealized Holding Loss | (109,029) | (66,471)
Held-to-maturity Securities, Fair Value | 4,102,728 | 4,179,772
Available-for-sale Securities [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale Securities, Amortized Cost Basis | 6,014,057 |
Available-for-sale, at fair value | 5,957,304 |
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity, Available-for-sale, and Trading Securities [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized Premium/(Discount) | (26) | (460)
Held-to-Maturity Securities [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-Maturity Unpaid Principal Balance | 2,067,333 | 2,126,734
Held-to-maturity Securities, Amortized Cost before Other than Temporary Impairment | 2,067,307 | 2,126,274
Held to Maturity; Unrealized Holding Gains | 575 | 2,119
Held to Maturity - Unrealized Holding Loss | (22,500) | (11,502)
Held-to-maturity Securities, Fair Value | 2,045,382 | 2,116,891
USDA Securities [Member] |  |
Trading Securities [Abstract] |  |
Trading, at fair value | $ 10,237 | 13,515
Institutional Credit [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities [Member] |  |
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity, Available-for-sale, and Trading Securities [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized Premium/(Discount) |  | $ 62,340
Institutional Credit [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity, Available-for-sale, and Trading Securities [Line Items] |  |
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions | position | 54 | 36
Held-to-maturity, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions | position | 52 | 23
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Greater than or Equal to One Year | position | 17 | 16
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | $ 37,315 | $ 37,492
Held-to-Maturity Securities [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-Maturity Unpaid Principal Balance | 2,039,471 | 2,096,754
Held-to-maturity Securities, Amortized Cost before Other than Temporary Impairment | 2,039,189 | 2,095,975
Held to Maturity; Unrealized Holding Gains | 441 | 2,011
Held to Maturity - Unrealized Holding Loss | (22,500) | (11,429)
Held-to-maturity Securities, Fair Value | 2,017,130 | 2,086,557
Available-for-sale Securities [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-Sale Securities Unpaid Principal Balance | 6,014,252 | 5,496,569
Available-for-sale Securities, Amortized Cost Basis | 6,014,057 | 5,496,387
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax | 12,112 | 21,838
Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Losses | (68,865) | (46,311)
Available-for-sale, at fair value | 5,957,304 | 5,471,914
Institutional Credit [Member] | Held-to-maturity Securities [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity, Available-for-sale, and Trading Securities [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized Premium/(Discount) | (282) | (779)
Institutional Credit [Member] | Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity, Available-for-sale, and Trading Securities [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized Premium/(Discount) | (195) | (182)
USDA Guarantees [Member] |  |
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity, Available-for-sale, and Trading Securities [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized Premium/(Discount) | 300 | 300
USDA Guarantees [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-Maturity Securities [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-Maturity Unpaid Principal Balance | 27,862 | 29,980
Held-to-maturity Securities, Amortized Cost before Other than Temporary Impairment | 28,118 | 30,299
Held to Maturity; Unrealized Holding Gains | 134 | 108
Held to Maturity - Unrealized Holding Loss | 0 | (73)
Held-to-maturity Securities, Fair Value | 28,252 | 30,334
USDA Guarantees [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] |  |
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity, Available-for-sale, and Trading Securities [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized Premium/(Discount) | 57,032 | 62,800
Held-to-Maturity Securities [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-Maturity Unpaid Principal Balance | 2,086,842 | 2,055,050
Held-to-maturity Securities, Amortized Cost before Other than Temporary Impairment | 2,143,874 | 2,117,850
Held to Maturity; Unrealized Holding Gains | 1 | 0
Held to Maturity - Unrealized Holding Loss | (86,529) | (54,969)
Held-to-maturity Securities, Fair Value | 2,057,346 | 2,062,881
Trading Securities [Abstract] |  |
Trading Securities Unpaid Principal Balance | 9,857 | 12,966
Trading Securities, Debt, Amortized Cost | 10,585 | 13,888
Trading Securities, Unrealized Gains | 19 | 28
Trading Securities, Unrealized Holding Loss | (367) | (401)
Trading, at fair value | $ 10,237 | $ 13,515
Trading Securities, Weighted-Average Yield | 5.23% | 5.33%
USDA Guarantees [Member] | Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity, Available-for-sale, and Trading Securities [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized Premium/(Discount) | $ 256 | $ 319
USDA Guarantees [Member] | Trading Securities [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] |  |
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity, Available-for-sale, and Trading Securities [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized Premium/(Discount) | $ 728 | $ 922

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