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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Jun. 30, 2019 | Dec. 31, 2018
--- | --- | ---
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | $ 1,563,223 | $ 1,517,101
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 1,570,862 | 1,528,957
Farm & Ranch [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Borrower remittances | 7,600 | 11,900
USDA Guarantees [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized premiums and discounts | 200 | 200
On-balance sheet [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 1,563,223 | 1,517,101
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 1,570,862 | 1,528,957
Off-balance sheet [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 519,774 | 503,546
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Carrying value | 33,778 | 27,627
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 33,583 | 27,383
Investment Securities [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized premiums and discounts | 4,248 | 3,489
Investment Securities [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Carrying value | 1,115,618 | 1,000,942
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 1,117,506 | 1,003,968
Operating Segments [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Farm & Ranch [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 1,563,223 | 1,517,101
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 1,570,862 | 1,528,957
Operating Segments [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 0 | 0
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 0 | 0
Operating Segments [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Rural Utilities [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 0 | 0
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 0 | 0
Operating Segments [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Institutional Credit [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 0 | 0
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 0 | 0
Operating Segments [Member] | Off-balance sheet [Member] | Farm & Ranch [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 121,064 | 135,862
Operating Segments [Member] | Off-balance sheet [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 398,710 | 367,684
Operating Segments [Member] | Off-balance sheet [Member] | Rural Utilities [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments [Member] | Off-balance sheet [Member] | Institutional Credit [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Farm & Ranch [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Carrying value | 0 | 0
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Carrying value | 33,778 | 27,627
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 33,583 | 27,383
Operating Segments [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Rural Utilities [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Carrying value | 0 | 0
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Institutional Credit [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Carrying value | 0 | 0
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments [Member] | Investment Securities [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Farm & Ranch [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Carrying value | 0 | 0
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments [Member] | Investment Securities [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Carrying value | 0 | 0
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments [Member] | Investment Securities [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Rural Utilities [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Carrying value | 0 | 0
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments [Member] | Investment Securities [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Institutional Credit [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Carrying value | 0 | 0
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Corporate, Non-Segment [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 0 | 0
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 0 | 0
Corporate, Non-Segment [Member] | Off-balance sheet [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Corporate, Non-Segment [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Carrying value | 0 | 0
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Corporate, Non-Segment [Member] | Investment Securities [Member] | On-balance sheet [Member] | Unconsolidated VIEs [Member] |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unconsolidated VIEs Carrying value | 1,115,618 | 1,000,942
Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum exposure to loss | $ 1,117,506 | $ 1,003,968

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