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Fair Value Disclosures - Quantitative Information (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] - Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] $ in Thousands | Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($) | Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($) | Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($) | Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value | $ 7,210,692 | $ 7,064,077 | $ 6,003,211 | $ 5,986,502 | $ 6,015,564 | $ 5,508,576
USDA Securities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value | 8,943 | 9,201 | 9,999 | 10,237 | 10,748 | 13,515
Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value | 7,182,541 | 7,035,668 | 5,974,497 | 5,957,304 | 5,985,806 | 5,471,914
Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | Institutional Credit [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value | 7,182,541 | 7,035,668 | 5,974,497 | 5,957,304 | 5,985,806 | 5,471,914
Trading Securities [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value | $ 8,943 | $ 9,201 | $ 9,999 | $ 10,237 | $ 10,748 | $ 13,515
Measurement Input, Range of Broker Quotes [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans | Valuation, Market Approach [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities, measurement input | 0.975 |  | 0.950 |  |  |
Measurement Input, Range of Broker Quotes [Member] | Maximum [Member] | Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans | Valuation, Market Approach [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities, measurement input | 0.975 |  | 0.950 |  |  |
Measurement Input, Range of Broker Quotes [Member] | Weighted Average [Member] | Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans | Valuation, Market Approach [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities, measurement input | 0.975 |  | 0.950 |  |  |
Measurement Input, Discount Rate [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Institutional Credit [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities, measurement input | 0.022 |  | 0.030 |  |  |
Measurement Input, Discount Rate [Member] | Minimum [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
USDA securities, measurement input | 0.024 |  | 0.032 |  |  |
Measurement Input, Discount Rate [Member] | Maximum [Member] | Institutional Credit [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities, measurement input | 0.038 |  | 0.044 |  |  |
Measurement Input, Discount Rate [Member] | Maximum [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
USDA securities, measurement input | 0.033 |  | 0.052 |  |  |
Measurement Input, Discount Rate [Member] | Weighted Average [Member] | Institutional Credit [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities, measurement input | 0.026 |  | 0.033 |  |  |
Measurement Input, Discount Rate [Member] | Weighted Average [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
USDA securities, measurement input | 0.033 |  | 0.049 |  |  |
Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate [Member] | Minimum [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
USDA securities, measurement input | 0.11 |  | 0.07 |  |  |
Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate [Member] | Maximum [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
USDA securities, measurement input | 0.21 |  | 0.17 |  |  |
Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate [Member] | Weighted Average [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |
USDA securities, measurement input | 0.20 |  | 0.16 |  |  |

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