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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Jun. 30, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019
--- | --- | ---
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost | $ 6,469,997 | $ 5,390,977
Notes payable | 21,421,550 | 19,098,648
Farm & Ranch |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost | 5,617,512 |
Borrower remittances | 40,900 | 15,600
USDA Guarantees |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized premiums and discounts | 100 | (200)
On-Balance Sheet: |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost |  | 5,276,557
On-Balance Sheet: | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost | 1,436,090 | 1,600,917
Notes payable | 1,476,964 | 1,616,504
On-Balance Sheet: | Farm & Ranch |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost |  | 5,276,557
Off-Balance Sheet: |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost |  | 2,500,393
Off-Balance Sheet: | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | 420,534 | 496,538
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Available-for-sale, at fair value | 7,898,387 | 7,143,025
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | On-Balance Sheet: | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Available-for-sale, at fair value | 32,615 | 32,041
Maximum exposure to loss | 32,537 | 31,887
Debt Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Available-for-sale, at fair value | 3,467,378 | 2,959,843
Unamortized premiums and discounts | (5,792) | (1,382)
Debt Securities | On-Balance Sheet: | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Available-for-sale, at fair value | 1,651,031 | 1,117,203
Maximum exposure to loss | 1,648,328 | 1,120,765
Operating Segments | On-Balance Sheet: | Farm & Ranch | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost | 1,436,090 | 1,600,917
Notes payable | 1,476,964 | 1,616,504
Operating Segments | On-Balance Sheet: | USDA Guarantees | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost | 0 | 0
Notes payable | 0 | 0
Operating Segments | Off-Balance Sheet: | Farm & Ranch | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | 90,225 | 107,322
Operating Segments | Off-Balance Sheet: | USDA Guarantees | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | 330,309 | 389,216
Operating Segments | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | On-Balance Sheet: | Farm & Ranch | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Available-for-sale, at fair value | 0 | 0
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | On-Balance Sheet: | USDA Guarantees | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Available-for-sale, at fair value | 32,615 | 32,041
Maximum exposure to loss | 32,537 | 31,887
Operating Segments | Debt Securities | On-Balance Sheet: | Farm & Ranch | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Available-for-sale, at fair value | 0 | 0
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments | Debt Securities | On-Balance Sheet: | USDA Guarantees | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Available-for-sale, at fair value | 0 | 0
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Corporate | On-Balance Sheet: | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost | 0 | 0
Notes payable | 0 | 0
Corporate | Off-Balance Sheet: | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Corporate | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | On-Balance Sheet: | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Available-for-sale, at fair value | 0 | 0
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Corporate | Debt Securities | On-Balance Sheet: | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Available-for-sale, at fair value | 1,651,031 | 1,117,203
Maximum exposure to loss | $ 1,648,328 | $ 1,120,765

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