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Loans - Schedule of Composition of Loan Balances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | $ 8,436,850 |  |  |
Total | 7,261,933 | $ 5,390,977 |  |
Allowance for losses | (13,832) | (10,454) |  |
Total loans, net of allowance | 8,535,146 | 6,981,440 |  |
Real Estate Loan |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 8,436,850 | 6,947,850 |  |
Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments | 112,128 | 44,044 |  |
Total | 8,548,978 | 6,991,894 |  |
Allowance for losses | (13,832) | (10,454) |  |
Total loans, net of allowance | 8,535,146 | 6,981,440 |  |
Farm & Ranch |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 6,176,438 |  |  |
Total | 6,176,438 |  |  |
Allowance for losses | (3,745) | (10,454) | $ (7,017) | $ (6,796)
Farm & Ranch | Real Estate Loan |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 6,176,438 | 5,276,557 |  |
Rural Utilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 2,260,412 |  |  |
Total | 2,260,412 |  |  |
Allowance for losses | (10,087) | 0 | $ 0 | $ 0
Rural Utilities: | Real Estate Loan |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 2,260,412 | 1,671,293 |  |
Unsecuritized |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 7,149,805 | 5,346,933 |  |
Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments | 112,128 | 44,044 |  |
Total | 7,261,933 | 5,390,977 |  |
Allowance for losses | (12,943) | (8,853) |  |
Total loans, net of allowance | 7,248,990 | 5,382,124 |  |
Unsecuritized | Farm & Ranch |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 4,889,393 | 3,675,640 |  |
Unsecuritized | Rural Utilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 2,260,412 | 1,671,293 |  |
In Consolidated Trusts |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 1,287,045 | 1,600,917 |  |
Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments | 0 | 0 |  |
Total | 1,287,045 | 1,600,917 |  |
Allowance for losses | (889) | (1,601) |  |
Total loans, net of allowance | 1,286,156 | 1,599,316 |  |
In Consolidated Trusts | Farm & Ranch |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 1,287,045 | 1,600,917 |  |
In Consolidated Trusts | Rural Utilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | $ 0 | $ 0 |  |

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