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Loans - Schedule of Composition of Loan Balances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Mar. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | $ 8,550,071 | $ 8,436,850 |  |
Financing Receivable, before Allowance for Credit Loss, Total | 7,341,912 | 7,261,933 |  |
Allowance for losses | (14,807) | (13,832) |  |
Total loans, net of allowance | 8,501,630 | 8,535,146 |  |
Real Estate Loan |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 8,550,071 | 8,436,850 |  |
Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments | (33,634) | 112,128 |  |
Financing Receivable, before Allowance for Credit Loss, Total | 8,516,437 | 8,548,978 |  |
Allowance for losses | (14,807) | (13,832) |  |
Total loans, net of allowance | 8,501,630 | 8,535,146 |  |
Farm & Ranch |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 6,302,967 | 6,176,438 |  |
Financing Receivable, before Allowance for Credit Loss, Total | 6,302,967 | 6,176,438 |  |
Allowance for losses | (3,718) | (3,745) | $ (7,353) | $ (10,454)
Farm & Ranch | Real Estate Loan |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 6,302,967 | 6,176,438 |  |
Rural Utilities |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 2,247,104 | 2,260,412 |  |
Financing Receivable, before Allowance for Credit Loss, Total | 2,247,104 | 2,260,412 |  |
Allowance for losses | (11,089) | (10,087) | $ (7,503) | $ 0
Rural Utilities | Real Estate Loan |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 2,247,104 | 2,260,412 |  |
Unsecuritized |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 7,375,546 | 7,149,805 |  |
Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments | (33,634) | 112,128 |  |
Financing Receivable, before Allowance for Credit Loss, Total | 7,341,912 | 7,261,933 |  |
Allowance for losses | (14,021) | (12,943) |  |
Total loans, net of allowance | 7,327,891 | 7,248,990 |  |
Unsecuritized | Farm & Ranch |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 5,128,442 | 4,889,393 |  |
Unsecuritized | Rural Utilities |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 2,247,104 | 2,260,412 |  |
In Consolidated Trusts |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 1,174,525 | 1,287,045 |  |
Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments | 0 | 0 |  |
Financing Receivable, before Allowance for Credit Loss, Total | 1,174,525 | 1,287,045 |  |
Allowance for losses | (786) | (889) |  |
Total loans, net of allowance | 1,173,739 | 1,286,156 |  |
In Consolidated Trusts | Farm & Ranch |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | 1,174,525 | 1,287,045 |  |
In Consolidated Trusts | Rural Utilities |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Unpaid principal balance | $ 0 | $ 0 |  |

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