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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Sep. 30, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020
--- | --- | ---
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | $ 7,758,286 | $ 7,261,933
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 22,350,985 | 21,795,677
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Fair Value | 6,138,759 | 6,947,701
Investment securities: |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Fair Value | 3,696,204 | 3,853,692
Unamortized Premium/(Discount) | 0 | 0
On-Balance Sheet: | Consolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 977,372 | 1,287,045
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 990,961 | 1,323,786
On-Balance Sheet: | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | Unconsolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Fair Value | 28,265 | 34,537
Maximum exposure to loss | 28,227 | 34,456
On-Balance Sheet: | Investment securities: | Unconsolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Fair Value | 2,030,155 | 1,918,672
Maximum exposure to loss | 2,019,108 | 1,909,535
Off-Balance Sheet: | Unconsolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | 320,242 | 378,610
Farm & Ranch |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 6,777,749 | 6,176,438
Borrower remittances | 13,600 | 36,700
USDA Guarantees |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Unamortized Premium/(Discount) |  | 100
Operating Segments | Farm & Ranch | On-Balance Sheet: | Consolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 977,372 | 1,287,045
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 990,961 | 1,323,786
Operating Segments | Farm & Ranch | On-Balance Sheet: | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | Unconsolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Fair Value | 0 | 0
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments | Farm & Ranch | On-Balance Sheet: | Investment securities: | Unconsolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Fair Value | 0 | 0
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments | Farm & Ranch | Off-Balance Sheet: | Unconsolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | 60,349 | 79,312
Operating Segments | USDA Guarantees | On-Balance Sheet: | Consolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 0 | 0
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 0 | 0
Operating Segments | USDA Guarantees | On-Balance Sheet: | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | Unconsolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Fair Value | 28,265 | 34,537
Maximum exposure to loss | 28,227 | 34,456
Operating Segments | USDA Guarantees | On-Balance Sheet: | Investment securities: | Unconsolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Fair Value | 0 | 0
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Operating Segments | USDA Guarantees | Off-Balance Sheet: | Unconsolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | 259,893 | 299,298
Corporate | On-Balance Sheet: | Consolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 0 | 0
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 0 | 0
Corporate | On-Balance Sheet: | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | Unconsolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Fair Value | 0 | 0
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 | 0
Corporate | On-Balance Sheet: | Investment securities: | Unconsolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Fair Value | 2,030,155 | 1,918,672
Maximum exposure to loss | 2,019,108 | 1,909,535
Corporate | Off-Balance Sheet: | Unconsolidated VIE |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | $ 0 | $ 0

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