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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022
--- | --- | ---
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | $ 9,623,119 | $ 9,008,979
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 26,586,959 | 25,000,199
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 5,532,479 | 7,607,226
Investment securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 4,918,931 | 4,579,564
Agricultural Finance |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Borrower remittances | 6,000 | 8,100
Unamortized discount | 87,100 | 37,700
Consolidated VIE | On-balance sheet |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 1,432,261 | 1,211,576
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 1,351,069 | 1,181,948
Consolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost |  | 1,211,576
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties |  | 1,181,948
Consolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Treasury |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost |  | 0
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties |  | 0
Consolidated VIE | Operating Segments | On-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 1,432,261 |
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 1,351,069 |
Consolidated VIE | Corporate, non-segment | On-balance sheet |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 0 |
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 0 |
Unconsolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 46,343 | 28,466
Maximum exposure to loss | 45,952 | 31,208
Unconsolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Investment securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 3,676,555 | 3,138,619
Maximum exposure to loss | 3,862,006 | 3,341,427
Unconsolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value |  | 28,466
Maximum exposure to loss |  | 31,208
Unconsolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance | Investment securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value |  | 0
Maximum exposure to loss |  | 0
Unconsolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Treasury | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value |  | 0
Maximum exposure to loss |  | 0
Unconsolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Treasury | Investment securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value |  | 3,138,619
Maximum exposure to loss |  | 3,341,427
Unconsolidated VIE | Off-balance sheet |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | 452,602 | 500,953
Unconsolidated VIE | Off-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss |  | 500,953
Unconsolidated VIE | Off-balance sheet | Treasury |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss |  | $ 0
Unconsolidated VIE | Operating Segments | On-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 46,343 |
Maximum exposure to loss | 45,952 |
Unconsolidated VIE | Operating Segments | On-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance | Investment securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 0 |
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 |
Unconsolidated VIE | Operating Segments | Off-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | 452,602 |
Unconsolidated VIE | Corporate, non-segment | On-balance sheet | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 0 |
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 |
Unconsolidated VIE | Corporate, non-segment | On-balance sheet | Investment securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 3,676,555 |
Maximum exposure to loss | 3,862,006 |
Unconsolidated VIE | Corporate, non-segment | Off-balance sheet |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | $ 0 |

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