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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Jun. 30, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023
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Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | $ 10,041,653 | $ 9,623,119
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 26,818,717 | 26,586,959
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 5,399,151 | 5,532,479
Investment Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 5,248,715 | 4,918,931
Agricultural Finance |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Borrower remittances | 5,900 | 6,000
Unamortized discount | 104,600 | 87,100
Consolidated VIE | On-balance sheet |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 1,761,355 | 1,432,261
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 1,662,549 | 1,351,069
Consolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost |  | 1,432,261
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties |  | 1,351,069
Consolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Treasury |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost |  | 0
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties |  | 0
Consolidated VIE | Operating Segments | On-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 1,761,355 |
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 1,662,549 |
Consolidated VIE | Corporate, non-segment | On-balance sheet |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost | 0 |
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 0 |
Unconsolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 58,292 | 46,343
Maximum exposure to loss | 58,015 | 45,952
Unconsolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Investment Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 3,880,960 | 3,676,555
Maximum exposure to loss | 4,095,777 | 3,862,006
Unconsolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value |  | 46,343
Maximum exposure to loss |  | 45,952
Unconsolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance | Investment Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value |  | 0
Maximum exposure to loss |  | 0
Unconsolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Treasury | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value |  | 0
Maximum exposure to loss |  | 0
Unconsolidated VIE | On-balance sheet | Treasury | Investment Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value |  | 3,676,555
Maximum exposure to loss |  | 3,862,006
Unconsolidated VIE | Off-balance sheet |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | 436,822 | 452,602
Unconsolidated VIE | Off-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss |  | 452,602
Unconsolidated VIE | Off-balance sheet | Treasury |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss |  | $ 0
Unconsolidated VIE | Operating Segments | On-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 58,292 |
Maximum exposure to loss | 58,015 |
Unconsolidated VIE | Operating Segments | On-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance | Investment Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 0 |
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 |
Unconsolidated VIE | Operating Segments | Off-balance sheet | Agricultural Finance |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | 436,822 |
Unconsolidated VIE | Corporate, non-segment | On-balance sheet | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 0 |
Maximum exposure to loss | 0 |
Unconsolidated VIE | Corporate, non-segment | On-balance sheet | Investment Securities |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Carrying value | 3,880,960 |
Maximum exposure to loss | 4,095,777 |
Unconsolidated VIE | Corporate, non-segment | Off-balance sheet |  |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] |  |
Maximum exposure to loss | $ 0 |

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