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LOANS - Schedule of Composition of Loan Balances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | $ 13,609,172 | $ 11,360,197 |  |
Allowance for losses | (23,223) | (16,031) |  |
Total loans, net of allowance | 13,204,638 | 11,039,349 |  |
Real Estate Loan |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 13,609,172 | 11,360,197 |  |
Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments | (381,311) | (304,817) |  |
Total loans | 13,227,861 | 11,055,380 |  |
Allowance for losses | (23,223) | (16,031) |  |
Total loans, net of allowance | 13,204,638 | 11,039,349 |  |
Agricultural Finance |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 8,834,689 | 7,825,434 |  |
Allowance for losses | (10,511) | (6,884) | $ (6,775) | $ (3,442)
Agricultural Finance | Real Estate Loan |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 8,834,689 | 7,825,434 |  |
Allowance for losses | (10,511) | (6,884) |  |
Farm & Ranch |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 7,453,015 | 6,565,711 |  |
Allowance for losses | (5,132) | (3,936) | (4,044) | (2,882)
Farm & Ranch | Real Estate Loan |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 7,453,015 | 6,565,711 |  |
Allowance for losses | (5,132) | (3,936) |  |
Corporate AgFinance |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 1,381,674 | 1,259,723 |  |
Allowance for losses | (5,379) | (2,948) | (2,731) | (560)
Corporate AgFinance | Real Estate Loan |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 1,381,674 | 1,259,723 |  |
Allowance for losses | (5,379) | (2,948) |  |
Infrastructure Finance |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 4,774,483 | 3,534,763 |  |
Allowance for losses | (12,712) | (9,147) | $ (8,314) | $ (10,599)
Infrastructure Finance | Real Estate Loan |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 4,774,483 | 3,534,763 |  |
Allowance for losses | (12,712) | (9,147) |  |
Unsecuritized |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 11,570,889 | 9,927,936 |  |
Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments | (381,311) | (304,817) |  |
Total loans | 11,189,578 | 9,623,119 |  |
Allowance for losses | (22,594) | (15,588) |  |
Total loans, net of allowance | 11,166,984 | 9,607,531 |  |
Unsecuritized | Agricultural Finance |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 6,796,406 | 6,393,173 |  |
Unsecuritized | Farm & Ranch |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 5,414,732 | 5,133,450 |  |
Unsecuritized | Corporate AgFinance |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 1,381,674 | 1,259,723 |  |
Unsecuritized | Infrastructure Finance |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 4,774,483 | 3,534,763 |  |
In Consolidated Trusts |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 2,038,283 | 1,432,261 |  |
Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments | 0 | 0 |  |
Total loans | 2,038,283 | 1,432,261 |  |
Allowance for losses | (629) | (443) |  |
Total loans, net of allowance | 2,037,654 | 1,431,818 |  |
In Consolidated Trusts | Agricultural Finance |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 2,038,283 | 1,432,261 |  |
In Consolidated Trusts | Farm & Ranch |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 2,038,283 | 1,432,261 |  |
In Consolidated Trusts | Corporate AgFinance |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | 0 | 0 |  |
In Consolidated Trusts | Infrastructure Finance |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total unpaid principal balance | $ 0 | $ 0 |  |

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