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Share-Based Compensation Plans (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Share-Based Compensation Plans [Abstract]  
Stock option activity
A summary of stock option activity is as follows:
           Wtd. Avg.      
       Wtd. Avg.   Remaining   Aggregate  
       Exercise Price   Contractual Term   Intrinsic Value  
   Shares (000)  Per Share   (years)   (in millions)  
Outstanding, January 1, 2009  5,027  $ 50          
Granted  1,349   31          
Exercised  (339)  33      $ 5  
Expired or cancelled  (179)  53         
Outstanding, December 31, 2009  5,858  $ 46   6.1      
Vested or expected to vest, December 31, 2009  5,767  $ 46   6.1      
Exercisable, December 31, 2009  3,330  $ 47   4.4      
Outstanding, January 1, 2010  5,858  $ 46          
Granted  897   53          
Exercised  (682)  37      $ 14  
Expired or cancelled  (133)  50         
Outstanding, December 31, 2010  5,940  $ 48   6.2      
Vested or expected to vest, December 31, 2010  5,877  $ 48   6.1      
Exercisable, December 31, 2010  3,446  $ 49   4.7      
Outstanding, January 1, 2011  5,940  $ 48          
Granted  199   67          
Exercised  (721)  39      $ 13  
Expired or cancelled  (153)  49         
Outstanding, December 31, 2011  5,265  $ 50   5.7  $ 7  
Vested or expected to vest, December 31, 2011  5,235  $ 50   5.6      
Exercisable, December 31, 2011  3,626  $ 51   4.8  $ 4  
 
Options outstanding and exercisable
Options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2011 are as follows:
 
   Options Outstanding   Options Exercisable  
       Weighted-              
       Average              
       Remaining   Weighted-       Weighted-  
       Contractual   Average       Average  
Exercise Price  Shares (000)  Life (years)   Exercise Price   Shares (000)  Exercise Price  
$26–$34  1,335   6.2  $ 31   724  $ 31  
$35–$44  807   2.8   44   804   44  
$45–$55  1,548   6.4   53   899   53  
$56–$93  1,575   6.0  67   1,199   68  
   5,265   5.7 $ 50   3,626  $ 51  
 
Assumptions used to estimate fair value of share awards
We estimated the fair value of each stock option on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions:
 
Year Ended December 31  2011   2010   2009  
Average risk-free interest rate  2.6%   2.6%   1.8%  
Expected dividend yield  1.1%   1.4%   2.5%  
Expected volatility  41.0%   41.0%   42.0%  
Expected term (years)  5.9   5.4   5.5  
Restricted stock activity
A summary of restricted stock activity is as follows:
           Wtd. Avg.      
           Remaining   Aggregate  
       Wtd. Avg.   Contractual   Intrinsic Value  
   Shares (000)  Price Per Share   Term (years)   (in millions)  
Unvested, January 1, 2009  192  $ 55   2.7      
Granted  197   31          
Vested  (15)  34          
Forfeited  (5)  45         
Unvested, December 31, 2009  369  $ 43   1.6      
Granted  21  $ 56          
Vested  (86)  41          
Forfeited  (9)  31         
Unvested, December 31, 2010  295  $ 45   0.9      
Granted  264  $ 67          
Vested  (143)  46          
Forfeited  (7)  52         
Unvested, December 31, 2011  409  $ 59   1.8  $ 15  
 
Threshold, target and outstanding award levels for each outstanding grant of performance share units
The Threshold, Target and Outstanding Award levels for each outstanding grant, adjusted for forfeitures, are as follows:
 
   2007–2009(a)  2008–2010(b)  2010–2011   2011  
Threshold Award  28,250   34,500   54,871   66,489  
Target Award  113,000   138,000   109,742   132,978  
Outstanding Award  197,750   241,500   219,484   265,956  

(a)
118,000 performance share units were granted in 2007 at the Target Award level for the 2007–2009 performance period, of which 5,000 units were forfeited.
(b)
140,000 performance share units were granted in 2008 at the Target Award level for the 2008–2010 performance period, of which 2,000 units were forfeited.