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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of Earnings (loss) before Income Taxes | The earnings (loss) before income taxes was as follows:
Year Ended December 31 |  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
United States |  | $ | (4.3 | ) |  | $ | 10.8 |  |  | $ | 40.7 |
Non-United States |  |  | 97.7 |  |  |  | 246.0 |  |  |  | 165.2 |
Total earnings before income taxes |  | $ | 93.4 |  |  | $ | 256.8 |  |  | $ | 205.9 |
Schedule of provision for income taxes | The provision for income taxes was as follows:
Year Ended December 31 |  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Current |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  | $ | 31.6 |  |  | $ | 2.4 |  |  | $ | (2.9 | )
State |  |  | 3.9 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 7.3 |
Non-United States |  |  | 107.0 |  |  |  | 140.9 |  |  |  | 133.3 |
Total current |  |  | 142.5 |  |  |  | 144.1 |  |  |  | 137.7 |
Deferred |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  |  | (34.2 | ) |  |  | (22.6 | ) |  |  | (8.6 | )
State |  |  | (2.0 | ) |  |  | 2.9 |  |  |  | (4.0 | )
Non-United States |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | (12.7 | ) |  |  | (8.0 | )
Total deferred |  |  | (35.8 | ) |  |  | (32.4 | ) |  |  | (20.6 | )
Total provision |  | $ | 106.7 |  |  | $ | 111.7 |  |  | $ | 117.1 |
Schedule of Cash Paid (net of refunds) for Income Taxes | The cash paid, net of refunds, for income taxes was as follows:
Year Ended December 31 |  | 2025 |
United States |  |  |
Federal |  | $ | 32.2 |
States |  |  | 1.1 |
Non-United States |  |  |
France |  |  | 50.4 |
Italy |  |  | 9.6 |
Japan |  |  | 14.7 |
Other, net |  |  | 39.7 |
Total income taxes paid, net |  |  | 147.7 |
Income Tax Reconciliation | A tax reconciliati on, between taxes computed at the United States federal statutory rat e of 21% a nd the consolidated effective tax rate for 2025 i s as follows:
Year Ended December 31 |  | 2025 |
|  | Amount |  |  | Percent |
Tax provision at the U.S. federal statutory rate |  | $ | 19.6 |  |  |  | 21.0 | %
Foreign tax effects |  |  |  |  |  |
France |  |  |  |  |  |
Statutory income tax rate differential |  |  | 4.6 |  |  |  | 4.9 | %
Effects of changes in tax legislation(a) |  |  | 10.8 |  |  |  | 11.6 | %
French business tax(b) |  |  | 9.3 |  |  |  | 10.0 | %
Other, net |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  | 1.0 | %
Germany |  |  |  |  |  |
Statutory income tax rate differential |  |  | 2.9 |  |  |  | 3.1 | %
Change in valuation allowance |  |  | 7.4 |  |  |  | 7.9 | %
Other, net |  |  | 1.1 |  |  |  | 1.2 | %
Italy |  |  |  |  |  |
Statutory income tax rate differential |  |  | 2.1 |  |  |  | 2.2 | %
Withholding Taxes |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  | 3.9 | %
Italy Regional Production Tax |  |  | 3.2 |  |  |  | 3.4 | %
Other, net |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 0.9 | %
United Kingdom |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill Impairment(c) |  |  | 6.4 |  |  |  | 6.9 | %
Other, net |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 0.9 | %
Switzerland |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill Impairment(c) |  |  | 5.2 |  |  |  | 5.6 | %
Other, net |  |  | (1.5 | ) |  |  | (1.6 | )%
Denmark |  |  |  |  |  |
Nondeductible interest |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  | 3.9 | %
Other, net |  |  | 1.1 |  |  |  | 1.2 | %
Netherlands |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in valuation allowance |  |  | 5.2 |  |  |  | 5.6 | %
Other, net |  |  | (1.1 | ) |  |  | (1.2 | )%
Japan |  |  |  |  |  |
Statutory income tax rate differential |  |  | 4.5 |  |  |  | 4.8 | %
Other, net |  |  | (0.5 | ) |  |  | (0.5 | )%
Other foreign jurisdictions, net |  |  | 23.0 |  |  |  | 24.6 | %
Effect of cross-border tax laws |  |  | 4.4 |  |  |  | 4.7 | %
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit(d) |  |  | 1.4 |  |  |  | 1.5 | %
Tax Credits |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign Tax Credits |  |  | (8.5 | ) |  |  | (9.1 | )%
General business tax credits(e) |  |  | (5.9 | ) |  |  | (6.3 | )%
Change in valuation allowance |  |  | (0.7 | ) |  |  | (0.7 | )%
Nontaxable or nondeductible items |  |  | 5.6 |  |  |  | 6.0 | %
Change in unrecognized tax benefits |  |  | 2.6 |  |  |  | 2.8 | %
Other, net |  |  | (5.2 | ) |  |  | (6.0 | )%
Tax provision |  | $ | 106.7 |  |  |  | 114.2 | %
(a) In February 2025, the French Parliament approved the Finance Bill for 2025 which enacted an exceptional corporate income tax surcharge. In February 2026, the French government passed the Finance Bill for 2026 which includes a one-year extension of the exceptional corporate income tax surcharge. (b) The French business tax is allowed as a deduction for French income tax purposes. The gross amount of the French business tax was $11.8 for 2025. The $9.3 for 2025 represents the French business tax expense net of the French tax benefit using the United States federal rate of 21%. In addition to the previously mentioned exceptional surcharge, the Finance bill for 2025 included a three-year delay to the scheduled phase-out of the French business tax. (c) Non-deductible portion of the goodwill impairment charges recorded in Switzerland and the United Kingdom in 2025. (d) New York and Texas account for the majority of the state and local income tax expense. (e) The Work Opportunity Tax Credit expired on December 31, 2025. A tax reconciliation between taxes computed at the United States federal statutory rate of 21% a nd the consolidated effective tax rate for 2024 and 2023 is as follows:
Year Ended December 31 |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Income tax based on statutory rate |  | $ | 53.9 |  |  | $ | 43.2 |
Increase (decrease) resulting from: |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-United States tax rate difference: |  |  |  |  |  |
French business tax(a) |  |  | 9.2 |  |  |  | 13.0 |
Other(b) |  |  | 18.0 |  |  |  | 10.4 |
Repatriation of non-United States earnings |  |  | (5.8 | ) |  |  | 4.6 |
State income taxes, net of federal benefit |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  | 2.0 |
Change in valuation allowance(c) |  |  | 34.1 |  |  |  | 53.5 |
Work Opportunity Tax Credit |  |  | (4.6 | ) |  |  | (5.6 | )
Foreign-Derived Intangible Income deduction |  |  | (3.6 | ) |  |  | (7.2 | )
Goodwill impairment(d) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10.9 |
Change in unrecognized tax benefits(e) |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  |  | (14.4 | )
Other, net |  |  | 7.2 |  |  |  | 6.7 |
Tax provision |  | $ | 111.7 |  |  | $ | 117.1 |
(a) The French business tax is allowed as a deduction for French income tax purposes. The gross amount of the French business tax was $11.7, and $16.4 for 2024 and 2023 respectively. The $9.2 and $13.0 for 2024 and 2023, respectively, represent the French business tax expense net of the French tax benefit using the United States federal rate of 21%. (b) Included in Other Non-United States tax rate differences is the impact of all Non-United States pre-tax earnings and permanent tax differences at the local statutory tax rate versus the United States federal rate of 21%. (c) Losses incurred in 2024 and 2023 in Germany resulted in an increase in valuation allowance of $16.1 and $46.3, respectively. (d) Non-deductible portion of the goodwill impairment charges recorded in the Netherlands in 2023. (e) The 2023 amount includes a tax benefit of $10.8 resulting from an effective settlement of an audit.
Deferred Income Taxes Temporary Differences | Temporary differences, which give rise to the deferred taxes, are as follows:
December 31 |  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
Future Income Tax Benefits (Expense) |  |  |  |  |  |
Accrued payroll taxes and insurance |  | $ | 11.8 |  |  | $ | 11.5 |
Employee compensation payable |  |  | 41.2 |  |  |  | 40.9 |
Pension and postretirement benefits |  |  | 71.4 |  |  |  | 66.9 |
Intangible assets |  |  | (132.6 | ) |  |  | (130.9 | )
Repatriation of non-United States earnings |  |  | (31.3 | ) |  |  | (24.2 | )
Loans denominated in foreign currencies |  |  | 15.8 |  |  |  | (4.8 | )
Operating lease ROU assets |  |  | (99.6 | ) |  |  | (95.1 | )
Operating lease liabilities |  |  | 104.6 |  |  |  | 90.8 |
Tax credit and other carryforwards |  |  | 87.1 |  |  |  | 59.2 |
Tax loss carryforwards |  |  | 264.5 |  |  |  | 212.1 |
Other |  |  | 108.3 |  |  |  | 115.9 |
Valuation allowance |  |  | (262.5 | ) |  |  | (222.9 | )
Total future tax benefits |  | $ | 178.7 |  |  | $ | 119.4 |
Deferred tax asset |  | $ | 185.0 |  |  | $ | 135.0 |
Deferred tax liability |  |  | (6.3 | ) |  |  | (15.6 | )
Total future tax benefits |  | $ | 178.7 |  |  | $ | 119.4 |
Summary of Net Operating Loss Carryforwards | The net operating loss carryforwards expire as follows:
|  | United States Federal and Non-United States |  |  | United States State |
2026 |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6.6 |
2027 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | 5.6 |
2028 |  |  | 3.8 |  |  |  | 0.1 |
2029 |  |  | 7.1 |  |  | 3.1 |
2030 |  |  | 6.2 |  |  | 4.1 |
Thereafter |  |  | 27.3 |  |  |  | 129.4 |
No expirations |  |  | 1,258.5 |  |  |  | 29.5 |
Total net operating loss carryforwards |  | $ | 1,303.1 |  |  | $ | 178.4 |
Summary of Unrecognized Tax Benefit Activity | The following table summarizes the activity related to our unrecognized tax benefits during 2025, 2024, and 2023:
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Gross unrecognized tax benefits, beginning of year |  | $ | 34.7 |  |  | $ | 31.1 |  |  | $ | 76.3 |
Increases in prior year tax positions |  |  | 5.6 |  |  |  | 6.5 |  |  |  | 4.6 |
Decreases in prior year tax positions |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  |  | (0.6 | ) |  |  | (1.2 | )
Increases for current year tax positions |  |  | 2.4 |  |  |  | 2.2 |  |  |  | 2.6 |
Expiration of statute of limitations and audit settlements |  |  | (2.5 | ) |  |  | (4.5 | ) |  |  | (51.2 | )
Gross unrecognized tax benefits, end of year |  | $ | 39.8 |  |  | $ | 34.7 |  |  | $ | 31.1 |
Potential interest and penalties |  |  | 1.6 |  |  |  | 1.4 |  |  |  | 1.7 |
Balance, end of year |  | $ | 41.4 |  |  | $ | 36.1 |  |  | $ | 32.8 |

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