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Basis of Presentation
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Note 1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements have been prepared by Callaway Golf Company (the “Company” or “Callaway Golf”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”). Accordingly, certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted. These consolidated condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated condensed financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed with the Commission. These consolidated condensed financial statements, in the opinion of management, include all the normal and recurring adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods and dates presented. Interim operating results are not necessarily indicative of operating results for the full year.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Examples of such estimates include provisions for warranty, uncollectible accounts receivable, inventory obsolescence, estimates for variable consideration related to sales returns and promotional programs, tax contingencies and provisional estimates due to the Tax Act enacted in December 2017, estimates on the valuation of share-based awards and recoverability of long-lived assets and investments. Actual results may materially differ from these estimates. On an ongoing basis, the Company reviews its estimates to ensure that these estimates appropriately reflect changes in its business or as new information becomes available.
Recent Accounting Standards
In August 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2017-12, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities." The new standard is designed to refine and expand hedge accounting for both financial (e.g., interest rate) and commodity risks. Its provisions create more transparency around how economic results are presented, both on the face of the financial statements and in the footnotes. It also makes certain targeted improvements to simplify the application of hedge accounting guidance. The new standard is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption, including adoption in an interim period, is permitted. If early adoption is elected in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period (i.e., the initial application date). The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its consolidated condensed financial statements and disclosures.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." Under the new guidance, lessees will be required to recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date: (i) a lease liability, which is a lessee's obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (ii) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged and lessees will no longer be provided with a source of off-balance sheet financing. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. Lessees (for capital and operating leases) and lessors (for sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases) must apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach would not require any transition accounting for leases that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. Lessees and lessors may not apply a full retrospective transition approach. The Company plans to adopt this ASU on the effective date of January 1, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its consolidated condensed financial statements, but it anticipates that upon adoption it will be required to record right-of-use assets and lease obligations on its consolidated condensed balance sheet, which could have a significant impact on the Company's financial position.
Adoption of New Accounting Standards
On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)" using the modified retrospective approach, and applied this guidance to all contracts as of the adoption date as discussed in Note 2 below. This new standard requires companies to identify contractual performance obligations and determine whether revenue should be recognized at a point in time or over time based on when control of goods and services transfers to a customer. In addition, it requires companies to determine the transaction price for a contract, which is the price used to recognize revenue as well as the amount of consideration companies expect to collect from its customers in exchange for the promised goods or services in the contract. Because the transaction price can vary as a result of variable consideration for items such as sales returns, discounts, rebates, price concessions and incentives, companies are required to include an estimate of variable consideration in the transaction price. The adoption of this new standard accelerated the timing of when the Company recognizes variable consideration for certain sales promotions and price concessions that it offers to its customers. As a result, the Company now estimates the variable consideration related to these sales programs at the time of the sale based on a historical rate, as opposed to when these programs are approved and announced, which occurs later in the product's life cycle. Upon the adoption of Topic 606, the Company recorded a cumulative adjustment to beginning retained earnings of $11,185,000, as noted in the table below, to reflect the estimated amount of variable consideration related to future sales programs for revenue recognized in prior periods. Prior period information that is presented for comparative purposes has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards that were in effect in those periods.
Balance Sheet
Balance at
December 31, 2017
 
Adjustments Due To
Topic 606
 
Balance at
January 1, 2018
Accounts receivable, net
$
94,725

 
$
(16,156
)
 
$
78,569

Deferred taxes, net
$
91,398

 
$
4,971

 
$
96,369

Retained earnings
$
324,081

 
$
(11,185
)
 
$
312,896


The impact of adopting the new revenue standard on the Company's consolidated condensed statement of operations and balance sheet for the three month period ended March 31, 2018 was as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
 
As Reported
 
Balances Without Adoption of Topic 606
 
Effect of Change
Increase/(Decrease)
Net Sales
$
403,191

 
$
411,634

 
$
(8,443
)
Income tax provision
$
17,219

 
$
19,037

 
$
(1,818
)
Net income
$
62,731

 
$
69,356

 
$
(6,625
)
 
March 31, 2018
 
As Reported
 
Balances Without Adoption of Topic 606
 
Effect of Change
Increase/(Decrease)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable, net
$
265,240

 
$
289,839

 
$
(24,599
)
Deferred taxes, net
$
82,698

 
$
77,008

 
$
5,690

 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities and Equity
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax liability
$
3,905

 
$
5,004

 
$
(1,099
)
Retained earnings
$
374,758

 
$
392,568

 
$
(17,810
)
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02 “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,” which provides financial statement preparers with an option to reclassify stranded tax effects within accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Act (or portion thereof) resulted in a disproportionate tax effect. The amendments are effective for all organizations for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted this policy during the first quarter of 2018 using the specific identification method, and the adoption of this policy did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated condensed financial statements.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16 “Intra-Entity Asset Transfer of Assets other than Inventory,” which eliminates the requirement to defer the tax effects of intra-entity asset transfers until they are disposed or sold to a third party. This ASU became effective as of January 1, 2018. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated condensed financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-04, "Liabilities—Extinguishment of Liabilities (Subtopic 405-20): Recognition of Breakage for Certain Prepaid Stored-Value Products," which clarifies when it is acceptable to recognize the unredeemed portion of prepaid gift cards into income. This ASU became effective as of January 1, 2018. The adoption of this ASU did not change the Company's accounting for gift cards, and therefore did not impact the Company's consolidated condensed financial statements. As of March 31, 2018, the Company had $1,043,000 of deferred revenue related to unredeemed gift cards.
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities." The amendment requires (i) equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, (ii) public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes and (iii) separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (i.e., securities or loans and receivables). This amendment eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost. This ASU became effective as of January 1, 2018. As of March 31, 2018, the Company had an investment in Topgolf International, Inc., doing business as the Topgolf Entertainment Group ("Topgolf") of $70,777,000, consisting of common stock and various classes of preferred stock, which is accounted for at cost less any impairments, as this investment is without a readily determinable fair value. In accordance with ASU No. 2016-01, if there is an observable price change as a result of an orderly transaction for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer, the Company would be required to assess the fair value impact, if any, on each class of Topgolf stock held by the Company, and write such stock up or down to its estimated fair value. Based on prior observable market transactions, the Company believes that the fair value of its investment in Topgolf significantly exceeds its cost. If there are any observable price changes related to this investment, the adjustment to measure this investment at fair value could have a significant effect on the Company's financial position and results of operations (see Note 9). During the three months ended March 31, 2018, there were no transactions with observable price changes and as such, no adjustments to measure this investment at fair value were made as of March 31, 2018.