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Revenue Recognition
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue Recognition Revenue Recognition
The Company primarily recognizes revenue from the sale of its products and operation of its venues. Revenue from product sales include golf clubs, golf balls, lifestyle and outdoor apparel, gear and accessories, and golf apparel and accessories. The Company sells its products to customers, which include on- and off-course golf shops and national retail stores, as well as to consumers through its e-commerce business and at its apparel retail and venue locations. The Company’s product revenue also includes royalty income from third parties from the licensing of certain soft goods products. Revenue from services primarily includes venue sales of food and beverage, fees charged for gameplay, the sale of game credits to guests, franchise fees, the sale of gift cards, sponsorship contracts, leasing revenue and non-refundable deposits received for venue reservations. In addition, the Company recognizes service revenue through its online multiplayer World Golf Tour (“WGT”) digital golf game.
The Company’s contracts with customers for its products are generally in the form of a purchase order. In certain cases, the Company enters into sales agreements containing specific terms, discounts and allowances. The Company enters into licensing agreements with certain distributors and, with respect to the Company’s Toptracer operations, driving ranges and hospitality and entertainment venues.
The following table presents the Company’s revenue disaggregated by operating and reportable segment, and by major category (in millions):
Operating and Reportable Segments
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Topgolf (1)
Golf EquipmentApparel, Gear
& Other		Total
Topgolf (1)
Golf EquipmentApparel, Gear
& Other		Total
Venues$306.5 $— $— $306.5 $86.1 $— $— $86.1 
Other Topgolf business lines15.5 — — 15.5 6.5 — — 6.5 
Golf club — 370.4 — 370.4 — 316.4 — 316.4 
Golf ball — 97.6 — 97.6 — 60.5 — 60.5 
Apparel — — 138.4 138.4 — — 95.3 95.3 
Gear, accessories & other— — 111.8 111.8 — — 86.8 86.8 
$322.0 $468.0 $250.2 $1,040.2 $92.6 $376.9 $182.1 $651.6 
(1) As of January 1, 2022, the Company began reporting revenues associated with corporate advertising sponsorship contracts within the venues service line to align with the Company’s current management reporting structure. These revenues were previously included within other Topgolf business lines. Accordingly, revenue of $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was reclassified from other Topgolf business lines to venues in order to conform with the current year presentation.
The Company sells its Golf Equipment products and Apparel, Gear and Other products in the United States and internationally, with its principal international regions being in Europe and Asia. Golf equipment product sales are generally higher than Apparel, Gear, and Other product sales in most regions other than in Europe, which has a higher concentration of Apparel, Gear and Other product sales due to the Jack Wolfskin business. Venues revenue is higher in the United States due to Topgolf having significantly more domestic venues than international venues. Revenue related to other Topgolf business lines is predominantly in the United States and in regions within Europe.
The following table summarizes revenue by geographical areas in which the Company operates (in millions):
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20222021
Revenue by Major Geographic Region(1):
United States$709.4 $388.2 
Europe134.9 108.3 
Asia158.6 123.9 
Rest of world37.3 31.2 
$1,040.2 $651.6 
(1) As of January 1, 2022, the Company modified the composition of its regions, and is now including Japan, Korea, China, South-East Asia and India in Asia. These regions, except for Japan, were previously reported in rest of world. As a result of this change, net revenues by region for the period presented in the prior year were recast to conform to the current year presentation.

Product Sales
The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of its products when it satisfies the terms of a performance obligation from a customer, and transfers control of the products ordered to the customer. Control transfers when products are shipped, and in certain cases, when products are received by customers. In addition, the Company recognizes revenue at the point of sale on transactions with consumers at its retail locations. Sales taxes, value added taxes and other taxes that are collected in connection with revenue transactions are withheld and remitted to the respective taxing authorities. As such, these taxes are excluded from revenue. The Company elected to account for shipping and handling as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the good. Therefore, shipping and handling fees that are billed to customers are recognized in revenue and the associated shipping and handling costs are recognized in cost of goods sold as soon as control of the goods transfers to the customer.
The Topgolf operating segment contributed $4.2 million and $1.0 million in product sales for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which includes sales of golf clubs, golf balls, apparel, gear, and accessories.
Royalty Income
Royalty income is recognized over time in net revenues as underlying product sales occur, subject to certain minimum royalties, in accordance with the related licensing agreements. Royalty income is included in the Company’s Apparel, Gear and Other and Topgolf operating segments. Total royalty income for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was $15.1 million and $10.9 million, respectively.
The Apparel, Gear and Other operating segment includes royalty income from licensing agreements of $5.4 million and $6.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Topgolf operating segment includes royalty income from leasing agreements primarily related to Toptracer installations of $9.7 million and $4.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Deferred Revenue
The Company’s short-term deferred revenue balance includes revenue from the sale of gift cards, event deposits, memberships and prepaid sponsorships at Topgolf, as well as virtual currency and game credits related to the WGT digital golf game. Revenue from gift cards is deferred and recognized when the cards are redeemed, which generally occurs within a twelve month period from the date of purchase. Revenue from the event deposits, memberships, prepaid sponsorships, game credits, and virtual currency related to the WGT digital golf game are recognized when redeemed or once the event or sponsorship occurs, over the estimated life of a customer’s membership, or based on historical currency or credit usage trends, as applicable, which generally occur within a one to thirty-six month period from the date of purchase.
The following table provides a reconciliation of activity related to the Company’s short-term deferred revenue balance (in millions):
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
20222021
Balance as of January 1$93.9 $2.5 
Deferral of revenue107.4 74.2 
Revenue recognized(101.3)(5.7)
Breakage(4.9)(0.1)
Other/foreign currency translation4.2 — 
Balance as of March 31$99.3 $70.9 

The Company’s long-term deferred revenue balance includes revenue associated with upfront territory fees and upfront franchise fees received from international franchise partners. Territory fees and franchise fees for each arrangement are allocated to each individual venue and recognized over a 40 year term, including renewal options, per the respective franchise agreement. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company’s long-term deferred revenue balance was $3.6 million and $3.4 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, $0.1 million of deferred revenue related to the territory and franchise fees was recognized in income.
Variable Consideration
The amount of revenue the Company recognizes is based on the amount of consideration it expects to receive from customers. The amount of consideration is the sales price adjusted for estimates of variable consideration, including sales returns, discounts and allowances as well as sales programs, sales promotions and price concessions that are offered by the Company as described below. These estimates are based on the amounts earned or expected to be claimed by customers on the related sales, and are therefore recorded as reductions to sales and trade accounts receivable.
The Company’s primary sales program, the “Preferred Retailer Program,” offers potential rebates and discounts for participating retailers in exchange for providing certain benefits to the Company, including the maintenance of agreed upon inventory levels, prime product placement and retailer staff training. Under this program, qualifying retailers can earn either discounts or rebates based upon the amount of product purchased. Discounts are applied and recorded at the time of sale. For rebates, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration related to the rebate at the time of sale based on the customer’s estimated qualifying current year product purchases. The estimate is based on the historical level of purchases, adjusted for any factors expected to affect the current year purchase levels. The estimated year-end rebate is adjusted quarterly based on actual purchase levels, as necessary. The Preferred Retailer Program is generally short-term in nature and the actual amount of rebate to be paid under this program is known as of the end of the year and paid to customers shortly after year-end. Historically, the Company’s actual amount of variable consideration related to its Preferred Retailer Program has not been materially different from its estimates.
The Company also offers short-term sales program incentives, which include sell-through promotions and price concessions or price reductions. Sell-through promotions are generally offered throughout the product’s life cycle, which varies from two to three years, and price concessions or price reductions are generally offered at the end of the product’s life cycle. The estimated variable consideration related to these programs is based on a rate that includes historical and forecasted data. The Company records a reduction to revenues using this rate at the time of the sale. The Company monitors this rate against actual results and forecasted estimates, and adjusts the rate as necessary in order to reflect the amount of consideration it expects to receive from its customers. There were no material changes to the rate related to the short-term sales program incentives during the three months ended March 31, 2022. Historically, the Company’s actual amount of variable consideration related to these sales programs has not been materially different from its estimates.
The following table provides a reconciliation of the activity related to the Company’s short-term sales program incentives (in millions):
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
20222021
Balance as of January 1$23.3 $26.2 
Additions 15.9 14.6 
Credits issued (6.2)(6.4)
Other/foreign currency translation(0.7)(1.0)
Balance as of March 31$32.3 $33.4 

The Company records an estimate for anticipated returns as a reduction of product revenues and cost of products, and accounts receivable, in the period that the related sales are recorded. Sales returns are estimated based upon historical returns, current economic trends, changes in customer demands and sell-through of products. The Company also offers certain customers sales programs that allow for specific returns. The Company records a sales return liability as an offset to accounts receivable for anticipated returns related to these sales programs at the time of sale based on the terms of the sales program. The Company’s provision for the sales return liability fluctuates with the seasonality of the business, while actual sales returns are generally more heavily weighted toward the second half of the year as golf season comes to an end. Historically, the Company’s actual sales returns have not been materially different from management’s original estimates. The cost recovery of inventory associated with the sales return liability is accounted for in other current assets on the Company’s consolidated condensed balance sheet. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company’s balance for cost recovery was $36.1 million and $25.9 million, respectively.
The following table provides a reconciliation of the activity related to the Company’s sales return liability (in millions):
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
20222021
Balance as of January 1$47.4 $44.0 
Provision49.9 35.9 
Sales returns(29.7)(19.1)
Balance as of March 31$67.6 $60.8