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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Talos Energy Inc. (“Talos” or the “Company”) is a technically driven independent exploration and production company focused on safely and efficiently maximizing value through its operations, currently in the United States (“U.S.”) Gulf of Mexico and offshore Mexico. The Company leverages decades of geology, geophysics and offshore operations expertise towards the acquisition, exploration, exploitation and development of assets in key geological trends that are present in many offshore basins around the world.

Talos Energy Inc. was formed in connection with the previously disclosed business combination between Talos Energy LLC and Stone Energy Corporation (“Stone”) that occurred on May 10, 2018, pursuant to which Talos Energy LLC and Stone became indirect wholly owned subsidiaries of Talos Energy Inc.

Talos Energy LLC — Talos Energy LLC was formed in 2011 and commenced commercial operations on February 6, 2013. Prior to February 6, 2013, Talos Energy LLC had incurred certain general and administrative expenses associated with the start-up of its operations.

On February 3, 2012, Talos Energy LLC completed a transaction with funds and other alternative investment vehicles managed by Apollo Management VII, L.P. and Apollo Commodities Management, L.P., with respect to Series I (“Apollo Funds”), and entities controlled by or affiliated with Riverstone Energy Partners V, L.P. (“Riverstone Funds”, and together with the Apollo Funds, the “Sponsors”) and members of management pursuant to which the Company received a private equity capital commitment.

Stone Combination — On May 10, 2018 (the “Stone Closing Date”), the Company (f/k/a Sailfish Energy Holdings Corporation) consummated the transactions contemplated by that certain Transaction Agreement, dated as of November 21, 2017 (the “Transaction Agreement”), by and among Stone, the Company, Sailfish Merger Sub Corporation (“Merger Sub”), Talos Energy LLC and Talos Production LLC (which was converted into a Delaware Corporation and named Talos Production Inc. in 2019), pursuant to which, among other items, each of Stone, Talos Production LLC and Talos Energy LLC became wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company (the “Stone Combination”). Prior to the Stone Closing Date, the Company did not conduct any material activities other than those incident to its formation and the matters contemplated by the Transaction Agreement.

On the Stone Closing Date, the following transactions, among others, occurred: (i) Stone underwent a reorganization pursuant to which Merger Sub merged with and into Stone, with Stone continuing as the surviving corporation and a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Merger”) and each share of Stone’s common stock outstanding immediately prior to the Merger (other than treasury shares held by Stone, which were cancelled for no consideration) was converted into the right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 (the “Common Stock”) and (ii) the Sponsors contributed all of the equity interests in Talos Production LLC (which at that time owned 100% of the equity interests in Talos Energy LLC) to the Company in exchange for an aggregate of 31,244,085 shares of Common Stock (the “Sponsor Equity Exchange”).

Concurrently with the consummation of the Transaction Agreement, the Company consummated the transactions contemplated by that certain Exchange Agreement, dated as of November 21, 2017 (the “Exchange Agreement”), among the Company, Stone, the Talos Issuers (defined below), the various lenders and noteholders of the Talos Issuers listed therein, certain funds controlled by Franklin Advisers, Inc. (“Franklin”) (such controlled noteholders, the “Franklin Noteholders”), and certain clients of MacKay Shields LLC (“MacKay Shields”) (such noteholders, the “MacKay Noteholders”), pursuant to which (i) the Apollo Funds and Riverstone Funds contributed $102.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 9.75% Senior Notes due 2022 (“9.75% Senior Notes”) issued by Talos Production LLC and Talos Production Finance, Inc. (together, the “Talos Issuers”) to the Company in exchange for an aggregate of 2,874,049 shares of Common Stock (the “Sponsor Debt Exchange”); (ii) the holders of second lien bridge loans (“11.00% Bridge Loans”) issued by the Talos Issuers exchanged such 11.00% Bridge Loans for $172.0 million aggregate principal amount of 11.00% Second-Priority Senior Secured Notes due 2022 of the Talos Issuers (“11.00% Notes”) and (iii) Franklin Noteholders and MacKay Noteholders exchanged their 7.50% Senior Notes due 2022 issued by Stone (“7.50% Notes”) for $137.4 million aggregate principal amount of 11.00% Notes.

Substantially concurrent therewith, the Company consummated an exchange offer and consent solicitation, pursuant to which the holders of the 7.50% Notes, excluding the 7.50% Notes held by the Franklin Noteholders and the MacKay Noteholders, exchanged their 7.50% Notes for 11.00% Notes and a cash payment, and a solicitation of consents to proposed amendments to the 7.50% Notes. Approximately $81.5 million in aggregate principal amount of the 7.50% Notes were validly tendered, and approximately $6.1 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.50% Notes remained outstanding as of the Stone Closing Date.

As a result of the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Agreement and the Exchange Agreement (the “Transactions”) the former stakeholders of Talos Energy LLC held approximately 63% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock and the former stockholders of Stone held approximately 37% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock as of the Stone Closing Date.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include each subsidiary from the date of inception. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated. All adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature and are necessary to fairly present the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods are reflected herein. The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the Consolidated Financial Statements were issued.

Talos Energy LLC was considered the accounting acquirer in the Stone Combination under GAAP. Accordingly, the historical financial and operating data of Talos Energy Inc., which covers periods prior to the Stone Closing Date, reflects the assets, liabilities and results of operations of Talos Energy LLC and does not reflect the assets, liabilities and results of operations of Stone. For the periods prior to May 10, 2018, the Company retrospectively adjusted its Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity and the weighted average shares used in determining earnings per share to reflect the number of shares Talos Energy LLC received in the Stone Combination. Beginning on May 10, 2018, common stock is presented to reflect the legal capital of Talos Energy Inc.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods and the reported amounts of proved oil and natural gas reserves. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

For presentation purposes, as of December 31, 2020, operating expenses previously presented as “Direct lease operating expense,” “Insurance” and “Workover and maintenance expense” have been combined and presented as “Lease operating expense” on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Such reclassification had no effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

The Company has one reportable segment, which is the exploration and production of oil, natural gas and NGLs. Substantially all the Company’s long-lived assets, proved reserves and production sales are related to the Company’s operations in the United States.

Recently Adopted Or Issued Accounting Standards

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Credit Risk Losses — In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which changes accounting requirements for the recognition of credit losses from an incurred or probable impairment methodology to a current expected credit losses (“CECL”) methodology. The CECL model is applicable to the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost, including, but not limited to trade receivables. The guidance was adopted on January 1, 2020 using a modified retrospective approach. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements or related disclosures.

Accounts receivable resulting from the sale of crude oil, natural gas and NGL production and joint interest billings to our partners for their share of expenditures on joint venture projects for which we are the operator are the primary financial assets within the scope of the standard. Although these receivables are from a diverse group of companies, including major energy companies, pipeline companies and joint interest owners, they are concentrated in the oil and gas industry. This concentration has the potential to impact our overall exposure to credit risk in that these companies may be similarly affected by changes in economic and financial conditions, commodity prices or other conditions. A loss-rate methodology is used to estimate the allowance for expected credit losses to be accrued on material receivables to reflect the net amount to be collected. At each reporting period the loss-rate is determined utilizing historical data, current market conditions and reasonable and supported forecast of future economic conditions. Our allowance for uncollectable receivables was $9.2 million at December 31, 2020 and $9.9 million at December 31, 2019.

Guarantor Financial Information — In March 2020, the SEC adopted final rules that simplify the disclosure requirements related to certain registered securities under SEC Regulation S-X, Rules 3-10 and 3-16, permitting registrants to provide certain alternative financial disclosures and non-financial disclosures in lieu of separate Consolidated Financial Statements for subsidiary issuers and guarantors of registered debt securities (which the Company previously presented within the notes to the Financial Statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q) if certain conditions are met. The disclosure requirements, as amended, are now located in newly created Rules 13-01 and 13-02 of Regulation S-X and are generally effective for filings on or after January 4, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted the new disclosure requirements effective as of July 1, 2020 and are providing the summarized financial information and related disclosures in Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in this Form 10-K.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents — The Company presents cash as “Cash and cash equivalents” on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company considers all cash, money market funds and highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less as cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts — Accounts receivable are stated at the historical carrying amount net of an allowance for uncollectible accounts of $9.2 million at December 31, 2020 and $9.9 million at December 31, 2019. At each reporting period, the recoverability of material receivables is assessed using historical data, current market conditions and reasonable and supported forecasts of future economic conditions to determine their expected collectability. A loss-rate methodology is used to estimate the allowance for expected credit losses to be accrued on material receivables to reflect the net amount to be collected. The Company presented $19.1 million and $18.0 million of refund claims for value added taxes paid in Mexico in “Other assets” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Prepaid Assets

Prepaid Assets — Prepaid assets primarily represent deposits with the Office of Natural Resources Revenue (“ONRR”) and transaction escrow related to the ILX and Castex Acquisition as further defined in Note 3 — Acquisitions. The deposits with ONRR represent the Company’s estimated federal royalties payable within thirty days of the production date. On a monthly basis the Company adjusts the deposit based on actual royalty payments remitted to the ONRR. The transaction escrow was applied to the purchase price that closed in the first quarter of 2020. The escrow for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 were nil and $31.8 million, respectively.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition — Revenues are recorded based from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGL quantities sold to purchasers. The Company records revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGLs based on quantities of production sold to purchasers under short-term contracts (less than twelve months) at market prices when delivery to the customer has occurred, title has transferred, prices are fixed and determinable and collection is reasonably assured. This occurs when production has been delivered to a pipeline or when a barge lifting has occurred. The Company recognizes transportation costs as a component of lease operating expense when it is the shipper of the product. Each unit of product typically represents a separate performance obligation, therefore, future volumes are wholly unsatisfied and disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is not required.

Gas Imbalances — Revenues are recorded based on the actual sales volumes sold to purchasers. An imbalance receivable or payable is recorded only to the extent the imbalance is in excess of its share of remaining proved developed reserves in an underlying property. Our imbalances are recorded gross on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, our imbalance receivable was approximately $1.7 million and $1.7 million, respectively, and imbalance payable was approximately $3.6 million and $3.6 million, respectively.

Production Handling Fees — The Company presented certain reimbursements for costs from certain third parties as a reduction of “Lease operating expense” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

ONRR Federal Royalty Refund — Included in “Other” within “Revenues and Other” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations is income from the Company’s multi-year federal royalty refund claim from the ONRR. The Company records income when a refund is filed and its collection is reasonably assured. The refunds for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 were $8.9 million, $19.3 million and nil, respectively.

Accounting for Oil and Natural Gas Activities

Accounting for Oil and Natural Gas Activities — The Company follows the full cost method of accounting for oil and natural gas exploration and development activities. Under the full cost method, substantially all costs incurred in connection with the acquisition, development and exploration of oil and natural gas reserves are capitalized. These capitalized amounts include the internal costs directly related to acquisition, development and exploration activities, asset retirement costs and capitalized interest. Under the full cost method, dry hole costs and geological and geophysical costs are capitalized into the full cost pool, which is subject to amortization and assessed for impairment on a quarterly basis through a ceiling test calculation as discussed below.

Capitalized costs associated with proved reserves are amortized on a country by country basis over the life of the total proved reserves using the unit of production method, computed quarterly. Conversely, capitalized costs associated with unproved properties and related geological and geophysical costs, exploration wells currently drilling and capitalized interest are initially excluded from the amortizable base. The Company transfers unproved property costs into the amortizable base when properties are determined to have proved reserves or when the Company has completed an unproved properties evaluation resulting in an impairment. The Company evaluates each of these unproved properties individually for impairment at least quarterly. Additionally, the amortizable base includes future development costs, dismantlement, restoration and abandonment costs, net of estimated salvage values, and geological and geophysical costs incurred that cannot be associated with specific unproved properties or prospects in which the Company owns a direct interest. The Company capitalizes overhead costs that are directly related to exploration, acquisition and development activities.

The Company’s capitalized costs are limited to a ceiling based on the present value of future net revenues from proved reserves, computed using a discount factor of 10 percent, plus the lower of cost or estimated fair value of unproved oil and natural gas properties not being amortized less the related tax effects. Any costs in excess of the ceiling are recognized as a non-cash “Write-down of oil and natural gas properties” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and an increase to “Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization” on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The expense may not be reversed in future periods, even though higher oil, natural gas and NGL prices may subsequently increase the ceiling. The Company performs this ceiling test calculation each quarter. In accordance with the SEC rules and regulations, the Company utilizes SEC Pricing when performing the ceiling test. The Company also holds prices and costs constant over the life of the reserves, even though actual prices and costs of oil and natural gas are often volatile and may change from period to period.

Under the full cost method of accounting for oil and natural gas operations, assets whose costs are currently being depreciated, depleted or amortized are assets in use in the earnings activities of the enterprise and do not qualify for capitalization of interest cost. Investments in unproved properties for which exploration and development activities are in progress and other major development projects that are not being currently depreciated, depleted or amortized are assets qualifying for capitalization of interest costs.

When the Company sells or conveys interests in oil and natural gas properties, the Company reduces its oil and natural gas reserves for the amount attributable to the sold or conveyed interest. The Company treats sales proceeds on non-significant sales as reductions to the cost of the Company’s oil and natural gas properties. The Company does not recognize a gain or loss on sales of oil and natural gas properties, unless those sales would significantly alter the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves.

Other Property and Equipment

Other Property and Equipment — Other property and equipment is recorded at cost and consists primarily of leasehold improvements, office furniture and fixtures, computer hardware and software. Acquisitions, renewals and betterments are capitalized; maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of three to ten years.

Other Well Equipment Inventory

Other Well Equipment Inventory — Other well equipment inventory primarily represents the cost of equipment to be used in the Company’s oil and natural gas drilling and development activities such as drilling pipe, tubulars and certain wellhead equipment. When this inventory is supplied to wells, the cost of this inventory is capitalized in oil and gas properties, and if such property is jointly owned, the proportionate costs will be reimbursed by third party participants. The Company’s inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The Company recorded $0.7 million, $0.2 million, and $0.2 million of impairment to adjust inventory to net realizable value, which was expensed and reflected in lease operating expense, during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Fair Value Measure of Financial Instruments

Fair Value Measure of Financial Instruments — Financial instruments generally consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, commodity derivatives, accounts payable and debt. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximates fair value due to the highly liquid nature of these instruments.

Current fair value accounting standards define fair value, establish a consistent framework for measuring fair value and stipulate the related disclosure requirements for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis. These standards also clarify fair value is an exit price, presenting the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. The Company follows a three-level hierarchy, prioritizing and defining the types of inputs used to measure fair value depending on the degree to which they are observable as follows:

Level 1 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 – Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial statement.

Level 3 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable (little or no market data), which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions, and are significant to the fair value measurement.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on one or more of three valuation techniques. The valuation techniques are as follows:

Market Approach – Prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities.

Cost Approach – Amount that would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (replacement cost).

Income Approach – Techniques to convert expected future cash flows to a single present value amount based on market expectations (including present value techniques, option-pricing and excess earnings models).

Authoritative guidance on financial instruments requires certain fair value disclosures to be presented. The estimated fair value amounts have been determined using available market information and valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value. The use of different assumptions or valuation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

Asset Retirement Obligations

Asset Retirement Obligations — The Company has obligations associated with the retirement of its oil and natural gas wells and related infrastructure. The Company has obligations to plug wells when production on those wells is exhausted, when the Company no longer plans to use them or when the Company abandons them. The Company accrues a liability with respect to these obligations based on its estimate of the timing and amount to replace, remove or retire the associated assets.

In estimating the liability associated with its asset retirement obligations, the Company utilizes several assumptions, including a credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate, estimated costs of decommissioning services, estimated timing of when the work will be performed and a projected inflation rate. Changes in estimate represent changes to the expected amount and timing of payments to settle its asset retirement obligations. Typically, these changes result from obtaining new information about the timing of its obligations to plug and abandon oil and natural gas wells and the costs to do so. After initial recording, the liability is increased for the passage of time, with the increase being reflected as “Accretion expense” in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. If the Company incurs an amount different from the amount accrued for decommissioning obligations, the Company recognizes the difference as an adjustment to proved properties.

Price Risk Management Activities

Price Risk Management Activities — The Company uses commodity price derivatives to manage fluctuating oil and natural gas market risks. The Company periodically enters into commodity derivative contracts, which may require payments to (or receipts from) counterparties based on the differential between a fixed price and a variable price for a fixed quantity of oil or natural gas without the exchange of underlying volumes.

Commodity derivatives are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value with settlements of such contracts and changes in the unrealized fair value recorded in earnings each period. Realized gains and losses on the settlement of commodity derivatives and changes in their unrealized gains and losses are reported in “Price risk management activities income (expense)” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company classifies cash flows related to derivative contracts based on the nature and purpose of the derivative. As the derivative cash flows are considered an integral part of the Company’s oil and natural gas operations, they are classified as cash flows from operating activities. The Company does not enter into derivative agreements for trading or other speculative purposes.

The commodity derivative’s fair value reflects the Company’s best estimate with priority based upon exchange or over-the-counter quotations. Quoted valuations may not be available due to location differences or terms that extend beyond the period for which quotations are available. Where quotes are not available, the Company then utilizes other valuation techniques or models to estimate market values. These modeling techniques require the Company to make estimations of future prices, price correlation, market volatility and liquidity. The Company’s actual results may differ from its estimates, and these differences can be favorable or unfavorable.

Leases

Leases — At inception, contracts are reviewed to determine whether the agreement contains a lease. To the extent an arrangement is determined to include a lease, it is classified as either an operating or a finance lease, which dictates the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. Operating leases are reflected as “Operating lease assets”, “Current portion of operating lease liabilities” and “Operating lease liabilities” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finance leases are included in “Property and equipment”, “Other current liabilities”, and “Other long-term liabilities” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

A right-of-use (“ROU”) asset representing our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and a lease liability representing our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease are recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for all leases, regardless of classification. The ROU asset is initially measured as the present value of the lease liability adjusted for any payments made prior to commencement, including any initial direct costs incurred and incentives received. Lease liabilities are initially measured at the present value of future minimum lease payments, excluding variable lease payments, over the lease term. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we generally use our incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date.

The Company has elected to account for lease and non-lease components in its contracts as a single lease component for all asset classes. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. The Company has elected to not apply the recognition requirements of Topic 842 to leases with durations of twelve months or less (i.e. short-term).

Income Taxes

Income Taxes — Prior to the Stone Combination, Talos Energy LLC was a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and was not subject to U.S. federal income tax or state income tax (in most states) at the entity level. As such, Talos Energy LLC did not recognize U.S. federal income tax expense or state income tax expense in most states. In connection with the Stone Combination, Talos Energy LLC was contributed to the Company, which is subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes. The Company records current income taxes based on estimates of current taxable income and provides for deferred income taxes to reflect estimated future income tax payments and receipts. Changes in tax laws are recorded in the period they are enacted. Deferred taxes represent the tax impacts of differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities and carryovers at each year end. The Company classifies all deferred tax assets and liabilities, along with any related valuation allowance, as long-term on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The realization of deferred tax assets depends on recognition of sufficient future taxable income during periods in which those temporary differences are deductible. The Company reduces deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance when, based on estimates, it is more likely than not that a portion of those assets will not be realized in a future period. The deferred tax asset estimates are subject to revision, either up or down, in future periods based on new facts or circumstances. In evaluating the Company’s valuation allowances, the Company considers cumulative book losses, the reversal of existing temporary differences, the existence of taxable income in carryback years, tax planning strategies and future taxable income for each of its taxable jurisdictions, the latter two of which involve the exercise of significant judgment. Changes to the Company’s valuation allowances could materially impact its results of operations.

The Company’s policy is to classify interest and penalties associated with underpayment of income taxes as “Interest expense” and “General and administrative expense” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations, respectively.

Income (Loss) Per Share

Income (Loss) Per Share — Basic net income per common share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Except when the effect would be antidilutive, diluted EPS includes the impact of restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance share units (“PSUs”) and outstanding warrants. See Note 10 — Income (Loss) Per Share for additional information.

Share-Based Compensation

Share-Based Compensation — Certain of the Company’s employees participate in its equity based compensation. The Company measures all employee equity based compensation awards at fair value as calculated using an option pricing method for valuing such securities on the date awards are granted to its employees and recognize compensation cost on a straight-line basis in the Company’s financial statements over the vesting period of each grant according to ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation.

During 2020, the Company issued RSUs and PSUs to certain employees and non-employee directors. The fair value of the stock-based awards is determined at the date of grant and is not remeasured for awards classified as equity, but is remeasured at each reporting period for awards classified as a liability. The Company records share-based compensation, net of actual forfeitures, for the RSUs and PSUs in “General and administrative expense” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations, net of amounts capitalized to oil and gas properties. See Note 8 — Employee Benefits Plans and Share-Based Compensation for additional information.

RSUs — Share-based compensation is based on the market price of the Company’s Common Stock on the grant date and recognized over the vesting period using the straight-line method as the requisite service period is fulfilled.

PSUs — Share-based compensation is based on the grant date fair value determined using a Monte Carlo valuation model and recognized over the vesting period using the straight-line method. Estimates used in the Monte Carlo valuation model are considered highly-complex and subjective. The number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon vesting ranges from zero to 200% of the number of PSUs granted based on the Company’s total shareholder return (“TSR”) relative to the TSR achieved by a specified industry peer group. Share-based compensation related to PSUs is recognized as the requisite service period is fulfilled, even if the market condition is not achieved.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Consisting principally of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and commodity derivatives, the Company is subject to concentrated financial instruments credit risk.

Cash and cash equivalents and balances are maintained in financial institutions, which at times, exceed federally insured limits. The Company monitors the financial condition of these institutions and has not experienced losses on these accounts.

Commodity derivatives are entered into with registered swap dealers, all of which participate in the Company’s senior reserve-based revolving credit facility (the “Bank Credit Facility”). The Company monitors the financial condition of these institutions and has not experienced losses due to counterparty default on these instruments.

The Company markets substantially all of its oil and natural gas production, and substantially all of its revenues are attributable to the U.S. The majority of the Company’s oil, natural gas and NGL production is sold to customers under short-term (less than 12 months) contracts at market-based prices. The Company’s customers consist primarily of major oil and natural gas companies, well-established oil and pipeline companies and independent oil and gas producers and suppliers. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and provide allowances for probable credit losses when necessary. The percent of consolidated revenue of major customers, those whose total represented 10% or more of the Company’s oil, natural gas and NGL revenues, was as follows:

	Year Ended December 31,
	2020			2019			2018
Shell Trading (US) Company		47	%		58	%		65	%
Phillips 66		22	%		28	%		18	%
Chevron Products Company		12	%	**			**

** Less than 10%

The loss of a major customer could have material adverse effect on the Company in the short term. However, the Company believes it would be able to obtain other customers to market its oil, natural gas and NGL production.