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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2015
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block] | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation The Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Less than wholly owned subsidiaries, including joint ventures, are consolidated when it is determined that the Company has a controlling financial interest, which is generally determined when the Company holds a majority voting interest. When protective rights, substantive rights or other factors exist, further analysis is performed in order to determine whether or not there is a controlling financial interest. The Consolidated Financial Statements reflect the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of consolidated subsidiaries and the noncontrolling parties’ ownership share is presented as a noncontrolling interest. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Equity Method Investments Investments in joint ventures, where the Company has a significant influence but not a controlling interest, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Investments accounted for under the equity method are initially recorded at the amount of the Company’s initial investment and adjusted each period for the Company’s share of the investee’s income or loss and dividends paid. All equity investments are reviewed periodically for indications of other than temporary impairment, including, but not limited to, significant and sustained decreases in quoted market prices or a series of historic and projected operating losses by investees. If the decline in fair value is considered to be other than temporary, an impairment loss is recorded and the investment is written down to a new carrying value. Investments in joint ventures acquired in a business combination are recognized in the opening balance sheet at fair value. Revenue Recognition The Company generally recognizes revenues and costs from product sales when title passes to the buyer and all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determinable, product delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, there are no further obligations to customers, and collectibility is reasonably assured. Product delivery occurs when title and risk of loss transfer to the customer. The Company’s shipping terms vary based on the contract. If any significant obligations to the customer with respect to such sale remain to be fulfilled following shipments, typically involving obligations relating to installation and acceptance by the buyer, revenue recognition is deferred until such obligations have been fulfilled. Any customer allowances and discounts are recorded as a reduction in reported revenues at the time of sale because these allowances reflect a reduction in the sales price for the products sold. These allowances and discounts are estimated based on historical experience and known trends. Revenue related to service agreements is recognized as revenue over the term of the agreement. Progress billings are generally shown as a reduction of Inventories, net unless such billings are in excess of accumulated costs, in which case such balances are included in Accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recognizes revenue and cost of sales on gas-handling long-term contracts using the “percentage of completion method” in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Under this method, contract revenues are recognized over the performance period of the contract in direct proportion to the costs incurred as a percentage of total estimated costs for the entirety of the contract. Any recognized revenues that have not been billed to a customer are recorded as a component of Trade receivables and any billings of customers in excess of recognized revenues are recorded as a component of Accounts payable. As of December 31, 2015, there were $149.5 million of revenues in excess of billings and $146.3 million of billings in excess of revenues on long-term contracts in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2014, there were $190.7 million of revenues in excess of billings and $175.3 million of billings in excess of revenues on long-term contracts in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company has contracts in various stages of completion. Such contracts require estimates to determine the appropriate cost and revenue recognition. Significant management judgments and estimates, including estimated costs to complete projects, must be made and used in connection with revenue recognized during each period. Current estimates may be revised as additional information becomes available. The revisions are recorded in income in the period in which they are determined using the cumulative catch-up method of accounting. See Note 16, “Segment Information” for sales by major product group. Amounts billed for shipping and handling are recorded as revenue. Shipping and handling expenses are recorded as a component of Cost of sales. Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities The Company collects various taxes and fees as an agent in connection with the sale of products and remits these amounts to the respective taxing authorities. These taxes and fees have been presented on a net basis in the Consolidated Statements of Income and are recorded as a component of Accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets until remitted to the respective taxing authority. Research and Development Expense Research and development costs of $41.5 million, $43.0 million and $27.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, are expensed as incurred and are included in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Advertising Costs Advertising costs of $14.5 million, $18.2 million and $17.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, are expensed as incurred and are included in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include all financial instruments purchased with an initial maturity of three months or less. Trade Receivables Trade receivables are presented net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company records an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon estimates of amounts deemed uncollectible and a specific review of significant delinquent accounts factoring in current and expected economic conditions. Estimated losses are based on historical collection experience, and are reviewed periodically by management. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company recorded an increase in the allowance for doubtful accounts of specific South American customers of $9.4 million. Inventories Inventories, net include the cost of material, labor and overhead and are stated at the lower of cost (determined under various methods including average cost, last-in, first-out and first-in, first-out, but predominantly first-in, first-out) or market. For gas-handling long-term contracts, cost is primarily determined based upon actual cost. The Company periodically reviews its quantities of inventories on hand and compares these amounts to the expected usage of each particular product. The Company records as a charge to Cost of sales any amounts required to reduce the carrying value of inventories to net realizable value. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment, net are stated at historical cost, which includes the fair values of such assets acquired. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is recorded on a straight-line basis over estimated useful lives. Assets recorded under capital leases are amortized over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the lease terms, which range from three to 15 years. Repair and maintenance expenditures are expensed as incurred unless the repair extends the useful life of the asset. Impairment of Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the costs in excess of the fair value of net assets acquired associated with acquisitions by the Company. Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of trade names. The Company evaluates the recoverability of Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets annually or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change in the interim that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the asset below its carrying amount. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are considered to be impaired when the net book value of a reporting unit or asset exceeds its implied fair value. In the evaluation of Goodwill for impairment, the Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting entity is less than its carrying value. If the Company determines that it is not more likely than not for a reporting unit’s fair value to be less than its carrying value, a calculation of the fair value is not performed. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not for a reporting unit’s fair value to be less than its carrying value, a calculation of the reporting entity’s fair value is performed and compared to the carrying value of that entity. In certain instances, the Company may skip the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to the first step of the quantitative impairment test. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, Goodwill of that reporting unit is potentially impaired and step two of the impairment analysis is performed. In step two of the analysis, an impairment loss is recorded equal to the excess of the carrying value of the reporting unit’s Goodwill over its implied fair value should such a circumstance arise. The Company measures fair value of reporting units based on a present value of future discounted cash flows and a market valuation approach. The discounted cash flows model indicates the fair value of the reporting units based on the present value of the cash flows that the reporting units are expected to generate in the future. Significant estimates in the discounted cash flows model include: the weighted average cost of capital; long-term rate of growth and profitability of our business; and working capital effects. The market valuation approach indicates the fair value of the business based on a comparison of the Company against certain market information. Significant estimates in the market approach model include identifying appropriate market multiples and assessing earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization in estimating the fair value of the reporting units. Based on the results of the qualitative assessment for each reporting unit performed as of September 26, 2015, the Company concluded based on a preponderance of positive indicators and the weight of such indicators that the fair values of our Fluid Handling, Howden Compressors and Howden Heavy Fans & Heaters reporting units are more likely than not greater than their respective carrying amounts and as a result, quantitative analyses would not be needed. Therefore, no further testing of goodwill for impairment was performed for these reporting units. For the Fabrication Technology reporting unit, the Company noted unfavorable domestic and international economic trends, particularly trading volumes, which are driven by overall macroeconomic conditions within the welding industry. As such, the Company did not perform a qualitative assessment of goodwill for the Fabrication Technology reporting unit and proceeded directly to performing the first step of the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test for the annual impairment analysis performed as of September 26, 2015. The Company’s quantitative impairment assessment of Goodwill associated with the Fabrication Technology reporting unit, based on the methodologies identified above, resulted in a calculated fair value that exceeded the carrying value of the reporting unit. The annual Goodwill impairment analysis performed as of September 26, 2015, September 27, 2014 and September 28, 2013 indicated no impairment to be present. In the evaluation of indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, the Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying value. If the Company determines that it is not more likely than not for the indefinite-lived intangible asset’s fair value to be less than its carrying value, a calculation of the fair value is not performed. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived intangible asset’s fair value is less than its carrying value, a calculation is performed and compared to the carrying value of the asset. If the carrying amount of the indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. The Company measures the fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets using the “relief from royalty” method. Significant estimates in this approach include projected revenues and royalty and discount rates for each trade name evaluated. From time-to-time, the Company has identified certain indefinite-lived intangible assets that, due to indicators present at the specific operation associated with the indefinite-lived intangible asset, should be tested for impairment prior to the annual impairment evaluation. During the three months ended September 25, 2015, an analysis was performed to evaluate certain intangible assets related to a specific operation within the Company due to a decline in anticipated performance at the operation associated with those assets. The analysis determined an indefinite-lived trade name within the Company’s fabrication technology segment was impaired based upon relief from royalty measurements and resulted in a $1.5 million impairment loss calculated as the difference between the fair value of the asset and its carrying value as of the date of the impairment test. The impairment loss was included in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 2015. The calculated fair value of the asset was $2.8 million and is included in Level Three of the fair value hierarchy. During the year ended December 31, 2014, prior to the annual impairment evaluation, an analysis was performed to evaluate an indefinite-lived intangible asset related to a specific operation within the gas- and fluid-handling segment due to the decision to substantially reduce its operations. The analysis determined the indefinite-lived intangible asset, consisting of a trade name, was no longer recoverable based upon relief from royalty measurements and resulted in a $2.9 million impairment loss included in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 2014. The analyses performed as of September 26, 2015, September 27, 2014 and September 28, 2013 resulted in no impairment charges, except for $0.2 million of an impairment loss related to an indefinite-lived intangible asset included in the gas- and fluid-handling segment for the year ended December 31, 2013. This impairment resulted from a decline in anticipated revenue related to this asset. The impairment loss is included in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 2013 and was calculated as the difference between the fair value of the asset under the relief from royalty method and its carrying value as of the date of the impairment test. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Other than Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets Intangibles primarily represent acquired customer relationships, acquired order backlog, acquired technology and software license agreements. Acquired order backlog is amortized in the same period the corresponding revenue is recognized. A portion of the Company’s acquired customer relationships is being amortized on an accelerated basis over periods ranging from seven to 30 years based on the present value of the future cash flows expected to be generated from the acquired customers. All other intangibles are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, generally ranging from two to 20 years. The Company assesses its long-lived assets other than Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be fully recoverable. To analyze recoverability, the Company projects undiscounted net future cash flows over the remaining lives of such assets. If these projected cash flows are less than the carrying amounts, an impairment loss would be recognized, resulting in a write-down of the assets with a corresponding charge to earnings. The impairment loss is measured based upon the difference between the carrying amounts and the fair values of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amounts or fair value less cost to sell. Management determines fair value using the discounted cash flow method or other accepted valuation techniques. During the year ended December 31, 2015, an analysis was performed to evaluate certain long-lived intangible assets related to a specific operation within the gas- and fluid-handling segment due to a decline in projected cash flows associated with the asset group. The analysis determined the customer relationship finite-lived, intangible asset was impaired. The impairment was calculated as the difference between the fair value of the remaining expected future cash flows to be generated from the asset and its carrying value as of the measurement date. The $1.7 million impairment loss was included in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 2015. Subsequent to the impairment, the fair value of the asset was $0.8 million, which is included in Level Three of the fair value hierarchy and is not material to the Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, an analysis was performed during the year ended December 31, 2014 to evaluate certain long-lived intangible assets related to a specific operation within the gas- and fluid-handling segment due to the decision to substantially reduce its operations. The analysis determined the long-lived intangible assets, primarily consisting of acquired customer relationships and acquired technology, were no longer recoverable based upon projected undiscounted net cash flows. Further, as a result of management’s evaluation of projected cash flows related to another operation within the gas-and fluid-handling segment, an analysis was performed to evaluate the long-lived intangible assets related to that operation. The analysis determined certain long-lived intangible assets, primarily consisting of acquired customer relationships, were impaired. The impairment was calculated as the difference between the fair value of the remaining expected future cash flows to be generated from the asset group and its carrying value as of the measurement date. The Company recorded $10.5 million of intangible asset impairment losses related to these two operations as a component of Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 2014. The fair value of these assets of $3.3 million as of December 31, 2014 are included in Level Three of the fair value hierarchy and are not material to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company recorded asset impairment losses related to facility closures totaling $9.3 million, $4.6 million and $1.9 million during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, as a component of Restructuring and other related charges in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The aggregate carrying value of these assets subsequent to impairment was $21.1 million, $15.1 million and $4.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Derivatives The Company is subject to foreign currency risk associated with the translation of the net assets of foreign subsidiaries to United States (“U.S.”) dollars on a periodic basis. The Company’s 2015 Deutsche Bank Credit Agreement (as defined and further discussed in Note 10, “Debt”) includes debt denominated in the Euro of €263.5 million as of December 31, 2015, which has been designated as a net investment hedge in order to mitigate a portion of this risk. Derivative instruments are generally recognized on a gross basis in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in either Other current assets, Other assets, Accrued liabilities or Other liabilities depending upon their respective fair values and maturity dates. The Company designates a portion of its foreign exchange contracts as cash flow hedges and fair value hedges. For all instruments designated as hedges, including net investment hedges, cash flow hedges and fair value hedges, the Company formally documents the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, as well as the risk management objective and the strategy for using the hedging instrument. The Company assesses whether the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item is highly effective at offsetting changes in the fair value both at inception of the hedging relationship and on an ongoing basis. For cash flow hedges and net investment hedges, unrealized gains and losses are recognized as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss in the Consolidated Balance Sheets to the extent that it is effective at offsetting the change in the fair value of the hedged item and realized gains and losses are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income consistent with the underlying hedged instrument. Gains and losses related to fair value hedges are recorded as an offset to the fair value of the underlying asset or liability, primarily Trade receivables and Accounts payable in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company does not enter into derivative contracts for trading purposes. See Note 14, “Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements” for additional information regarding the Company’s derivative instruments. Warranty Costs Estimated expenses related to product warranties are accrued as the revenue is recognized on products sold to customers and included in Cost of sales in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Estimates are established using historical information as to the nature, frequency, and average costs of warranty claims. The activity in the Company’s warranty liability, which is included in Accrued liabilities and Other liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, consisted of the following:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2015 |  | 2014
| (In thousands)
Warranty liability, beginning of period | $ | 51,135 |  |  | $ | 65,512 |
Accrued warranty expense | 21,092 |  |  | 23,019 |
Changes in estimates related to pre-existing warranties | (1,820 | ) |  | (9,966 | )
Cost of warranty service work performed | (29,342 | ) |  | (27,389 | )
Acquisitions | 321 |  |  | 4,488 |
Foreign exchange translation effect | (3,979 | ) |  | (4,529 | )
Warranty liability, end of period | $ | 37,407 |  |  | $ | 51,135 |
Income Taxes Income taxes for the Company are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities in the Consolidated Financial Statements and their respective tax basis. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to be applied to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred income tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is generally recognized in Provision for (benefit from) income taxes in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances are recorded if it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, the Company takes into account various factors, including the expected level of future taxable income and available tax planning strategies. Any changes in judgment about the valuation allowance are recorded through Provision for (benefit from) income taxes and are based on changes in facts and circumstances regarding realizability of deferred tax assets. The Company must presume that an income tax position taken in a tax return will be examined by the relevant tax authority and determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination based upon the technical merits of the position. An income tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is measured to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The Company establishes a liability for unrecognized income tax benefits for income tax positions for which it is more likely than not that a tax position will not be sustained upon examination by the respective taxing authority to the extent such tax positions reduce the Company’s income tax liability. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized income tax benefits in the Provision for (benefit from) income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Foreign Currency Exchange Gains and Losses The Company’s financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars. The functional currencies of the Company’s operating subsidiaries are generally the local currencies of the countries in which each subsidiary is located. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at rates of exchange in effect at the balance sheet date. The amounts recorded in each year in Foreign currency translation are net of income taxes to the extent the underlying equity balances in the entities are not deemed to be permanently reinvested. Revenues and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange in effect during the year. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate in effect at the date of each transaction. Differences in exchange rates during the period between the date a transaction denominated in a foreign currency is consummated and the date on which it is either settled or translated for inclusion in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are recognized in Selling, general and administrative expense or Interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income for that period. The Company considers the Venezuelan bolivar fuerte (“bolivar”) a highly inflationary currency. Therefore, financial statements of the Company’s Venezuelan operations are remeasured into their parents’ reporting currency. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, currency devaluations of approximately 87% and 32%, respectively, of the bolivar relative to the U.S. dollar resulted in foreign currency transaction losses of $6.3 million and $2.9 million recognized in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. In February 2015, the Venezuelan government introduced a marginal foreign exchange system ("SIMADI") which replaces an auction-based foreign exchange system that began operating on March 24, 2014 ("SICAD II"), which was previously used to remeasure Venezuelan operations. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company determined the SIMADI to be the most appropriate rate with which to remeasure Venezuelan operations from the multiple current legal mechanisms in Venezuela to exchange currency. The foreign currency transaction loss recognized related to the adoption of the SIMADI did not have a material impact on our Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 2015. Future impacts to earnings of applying highly inflationary accounting for Venezuela on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements will be dependent upon movements in the applicable exchange rates between the bolivar and the parents’ reporting currency and the amount of monetary assets and liabilities included in the Company’s Venezuelan operations’ balance sheets. As of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company’s Venezuelan operations represented less than 1% of the Company’s Total assets and Net sales. The bolivar-denominated monetary net asset position, primarily related to cash and cash equivalents, was $0.1 million and $0.7 million in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company recognized a net foreign currency transaction loss of $3.9 million and a gain of $2.1 million in Interest expense and Selling, general and administrative expense, respectively, in the Consolidated Statement of Income. During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company recognized net foreign currency transaction losses of $5.1 million and $5.5 million in Interest expense and Selling, general and administrative expense, respectively, in the Consolidated Statement of Income, including the $6.3 million loss related to the devaluation of the bolivar discussed above. During the year ended December 31, 2013, net foreign currency transaction losses of $4.1 million and $5.2 million were recognized in Interest expense and Selling, general and administrative expense, respectively, in the Consolidated Statement of Income, including the $2.9 million loss related to the devaluation of the bolivar discussed above. Debt Issuance Costs and Debt Discount Costs directly related to the placement of debt are capitalized and amortized to Interest expense primarily using the effective interest method over the term of the related obligation. Net deferred issuance costs of $8.1 million and $9.9 million, respectively, were included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, which includes $13.4 million and $8.6 million, respectively, of accumulated amortization. As of December 31, 2015, $6.9 million and $1.2 million of deferred issuance costs were included in Other assets and as a reduction of Long-term debt, respectively. As of December 31, 2014, $7.5 million and $2.4 million of deferred issuance costs were included in Other assets and as a reduction of Long-term debt, respectively. See further discussion of presentation of deferred issuance costs in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in Note 3, “Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements” as a result of adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-03, “Interest—Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30)”. During the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company deferred $3.4 million, $0.3 million and $7.1 million, respectively, of debt issuance costs. Further, the carrying value of Long-term debt is reduced by an original issue discount, which is accreted to Interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the related obligation. See Note 10, “Debt” for additional discussion regarding the Company’s borrowing arrangements. Use of Estimates The Company makes certain estimates and assumptions in preparing its Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the period presented. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Reclassifications Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentations.

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