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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS
 6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERSTopic 606 applies to all contracts with customers unless such revenue is specifically addressed under existing guidance. The table below presents the Company’s revenue by operating segment. For additional descriptions of the Company’s operating segments, including additional financial information and the underlying management accounting process, see Note 14. Segment Reporting to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
(Dollars in thousands)ConsumerCommercialCorporate Services/OtherConsolidated Company
Three Months Ended March 31,20222021202220212022202120222021
Net interest income(1)
$30,156 $25,085 $44,879 $42,404 $8,765 $6,361 $83,800 $73,850 
Noninterest income:
Refund transfer product fees27,805 22,680 — — — — 27,805 22,680 
Tax advance product fees(1)
39,299 44,562 — — — — 39,299 44,562 
Payment card and deposit fees26,270 29,875 — — — — 26,270 29,875 
Other bank and deposit fees— — 244 126 6 7 250 133 
Rental income(1)
— 5 11,225 9,841 150 — 11,375 9,846 
Net gain realized on investment securities(1)
— — — — 260 6 260 6 
Gain (loss) on sale of other(1)
— — 1,229 1,624 (603)509 626 2,133 
Other income(1)
1,387 919 2,839 2,349 (345)950 3,881 4,218 
Total noninterest income94,761 98,041 15,537 13,940 (532)1,472 109,766 113,453 
Revenue$124,917 $123,126 $60,416 $56,344 $8,233 $7,833 $193,566 $187,303 
Six Months Ended March 31,
Net interest income(1)
$56,427 $47,432 $89,805 $84,252 $9,181 $8,165 $155,413 $139,849 
Noninterest income:
Refund transfer product fees28,384 23,327 — — — — 28,384 23,327 
Tax advance product fees(1)
40,532 46,522 — — — — 40,532 46,522 
Payment card and deposit fees51,402 52,439 — — — — 51,402 52,439 
Other bank and deposit fees— — 475 360 12 10 487 370 
Rental income(1)
— 10 22,302 19,721 150 — 22,452 19,731 
Net gain realized on investment securities(1)
— — — — 397 6 397 6 
Gain on sale of trademarks— — — — 50,000 — 50,000 — 
Gain (loss) on sale of other(1)
— — 6,093 4,216 (8,932)765 (2,839)4,981 
Other income(1)
2,152 1,078 5,624 4,809 (2,234)5,645 5,542 11,532 
Total noninterest income122,470 123,376 34,494 29,106 39,393 6,426 196,357 158,908 
Revenue$178,897 $170,808 $124,299 $113,358 $48,574 $14,591 $351,770 $298,757 
(1) These revenues are not within the scope of Topic 606. Additional details are included in other footnotes to the accompanying financial statements. The scope of Topic 606 explicitly excludes net interest income as well as many other revenues for financial assets and liabilities, including loans, leases, and securities.

Following is a discussion of key revenues within the scope of Topic 606. The Company provides services to customers that have related performance obligations that must be completed to recognize revenue. Revenues are generally recognized immediately upon the completion of the service or over time as services are performed. Any services performed over time generally require that the Company renders services each period; therefore, the Company measures progress in completing these services based upon the passage of time. Revenue from contracts with customers did not generate significant contract assets and liabilities.

Refund Transfer Product Fees. Refund transfer fees are specific to the tax products offered by Refund Advantage and EPS. These fees are for products, services such as payment processing, and product referral commissions. Software partner fees paid and/or incurred are recorded on a net basis. The Company’s obligation for product fees and commissions is satisfied at the time of the product delivery and obligation for payment processing is satisfied at the time of processing. The transaction price for such activity is based upon stand-alone fees within the terms and conditions. At March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, there were no receivables related to refund transfer fees, which reflect earned revenue with unconditional rights to payment for product fee income. All refund transfer fees are recorded within the Consumer reporting segment.
Card Fees. Card fees relate to Meta Payments, Refund Advantage, and EPS products. These fees are for products and services such as card activation, product support, processing, and servicing. The Company earns these fees based upon the underlying terms and conditions with each cardholder over the contract term. Agreements with the Company’s cardholders are considered daily service contracts as they are not fixed in duration. The Company’s obligation for card activation and product support fees is satisfied at the time of product delivery, while the obligation for processing and servicing is satisfied over the course of each month. The transaction price for such activity is based upon the stand-alone fees within the terms and conditions of the cardholder agreements. Card fee revenue also includes income from sponsorships, associations and networks, and interchange income. Sponsorship income relates to fees charged to the Company’s ATM sponsorship partners, where the obligation is satisfied over the course of each month. Association and network income reflect incentives, performance bonuses and rebates with MasterCard and Visa. The obligation for such income is satisfied at the time when certain thresholds of transaction volume have been met. Interchange income is generated by cardholder activity, and therefore the Company’s obligations are satisfied as activity occurs. The transaction price for such activity is based on underlying rates and activity thresholds within the terms and conditions of the applicable agreements. Card fee revenue also includes breakage revenue. Breakage represents the estimated amount that will not be redeemed by the holder of unregistered, unused prepaid cards for goods or services. Breakage revenue is recognized ratably over the expected customer usage period and is an estimate based on cardholder behavior and breakage rates. Breakage is also impacted by escheatment laws. Card fees are recorded within both the Consumer and Commercial reporting segments, the substantial majority of which is derived from the Company's payments divisions and reported in payments card and deposit fees. Card fees not related to the Company's payments divisions are reported within other bank and deposit fees.

Bank and Deposit Fees. Fees are earned on depository accounts for consumer and commercial customers and include fees for account services, overdraft services, and event-driven services (i.e. returned checks, ATM surcharge, card replacement, and wire transfers). The Company’s obligation for event-driven services is satisfied at the time of the event when the service is delivered, while its obligation for account services is satisfied over the course of each month. The Company’s obligation for overdraft services is satisfied at the time of overdraft. The transaction price for such activity is based upon stand-alone fees within the terms and conditions of the deposit agreements. Bank and deposit fees are recorded within both the Consumer and Commercial reporting segments, the majority of which are derived from the Company's payments divisions.

Principal vs Agent. The Consumer reporting segment includes principal/agent relationships. Within this segment, Meta Payments division relationships are recorded on a gross basis within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as Meta is the principal in the contract, with the exception of association/network contracts and partner/processor contracts for prepaid cards, which are recorded on a net basis within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as Meta is the agent in these contracts. Also within this segment, Tax Service relationships are recorded on a gross basis within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as Meta is the principal in the contract, with the exception of contracts with software providers and merchants, which are recorded on a net basis within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as Meta is the agent in these contracts.