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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, income tax expense was $223 and $3,658, respectively. Income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, was $2,749 and $5,159, respectively. The effective consolidated income tax rates were 1% and 13% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and 8% and 11% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The lower effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, was primarily due to a tax accounting method change at CTWS regarding the non-network asset repairs deduction.
SJW Group unrecognized tax benefits, before the impact of deductions of state taxes, excluding interest and penalties, of approximately $8,937 and $7,961 as of September 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. SJW Group does not expect its unrecognized tax benefits to change significantly within the next 12 months.
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “IRA”) was signed into law. SJW Group has considered the income tax implications of the IRA in its estimated tax provision and does not believe it will materially impact the company’s year-end tax rate.