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Equity Incentive Plans - Additional Information (Detail) - Common Class A - shares
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Mar. 31, 2020
Jun. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
10x Genomics, Inc. 2012 Stock Plan        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Common stock issuable (in shares) 11,186,338   11,186,338  
2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Common stock issuable (in shares) 8,007,751   8,007,751  
Common stock reserved for issuance (in shares) 11,000,000   11,000,000  
Shares issued in period for previously outstanding awards (in shares)     40,999  
Shares issuable in connection with outstanding awards (in shares) 2,951,250   2,951,250  
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Employee Stock        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Common stock reserved for issuance (in shares) 1,881,782   1,881,782 2,000,000
Shares issued in period for previously outstanding awards (in shares) 118,218      
Share-based compensation arrangement percent     85.00%  
Common stock purchased under ESPP (in shares)   0   0