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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Loss from Continuing Operations Before Provision for Income Taxes

Loss from continuing operations before provision for income taxes for the Company’s domestic and international operations was as follows (in thousands):

		Year Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2020
United States		$	(87,400	)		$	(80,926	)		$	(57,458	)
Foreign			—				—				—
Loss before provision for income taxes		$	(87,400	)		$	(80,926	)		$	(57,458	)

Provision for Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes consists of the following (in thousands):   

		Year Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2020
Current
U.S. federal		$	—			$	—			$	—
U.S. state			—				—				—
Non-U.S.			—				—				(218	)
Total current			—				—				(218	)
Deferred
U.S. federal			(5,606	)			(5,170	)			(4,377	)
U.S. state			(4,334	)			(14,461	)			(469	)
Non-U.S.			—				—				—
Total deferred			(9,940	)			(19,631	)			(4,846	)
Valuation allowance			9,940				19,631				4,846
Total		$	—			$	—			$	(218	)

Components of Net Deferred Tax Assets

Components of the net deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, are approximately as follows (in thousands):

		December 31,
		2022				2021
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards		$	542,537			$	542,800
Research and development credits			78,804				78,804
Capitalized research costs			4,369				-
Milestone Rights			1,331				1,440
Accrued expenses			2,675				2,591
Loss on purchase commitment			23,117				24,845
Non-qualified stock option expense			7,686				5,684
Capitalized patent costs			8,058				7,518
Other			3,204				2,568
Lease liability			1,624				588
Interest expense limitation			10,991				5,696
Depreciation			22,157				22,983
Deferred Product Revenue & Costs			370				404
Total net deferred tax assets			706,923				695,921
Valuation allowance			(705,034	)			(695,094	)
Net deferred tax assets		$	1,889			$	827
Deferred tax liabilities:
Right of use asset		$	(1,640	)		$	(555	)
Other prepaids			(249	)			(272	)
Total deferred tax liabilities			(1,889	)			(827	)
Net deferred tax assets		$	—			$	—

Effective Tax Rate

The Company’s effective tax rate differs from the statutory federal income tax rate as follows for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:

		Year Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2020
Federal tax benefit rate			21.0	%			21.0	%			21.0	%
Permanent items			-1.2	%			-4.4	%			-6.1	%
Stock based compensation			0.4	%			0.3	%			-0.5	%
Tax attribute expirations			-13.2	%			-5.9	%			-6.6	%
Foreign withholding tax			0.0	%			0.0	%			0.4	%
Valuation allowance			-7.2	%			-11.2	%			-7.8	%
Other			0.2	%			0.2	%			0.0	%
Effective income tax rate			0.0	%			0.0	%			0.4	%

Summary of Positions for which Significant Change in Unrecognized Tax Benefits

A reconciliation of beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, was as follows (in thousands):

		Year Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2020
Unrecognized Tax Benefit
Beginning of Year		$	268,902			$	268,902			$	—
Gross increases for tax positions of prior years			—				—				268,902
Gross decreases for tax positions of current year			—				—				—
Settlements			—				—				—
Lapse of statute of limitations			—				—				—
End of Year		$	268,902			$	268,902			$	268,902

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Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.

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Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

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Tabular disclosure of income before income tax between domestic and foreign jurisdictions.

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Tabular disclosure of unrecognized tax benefits for which a material change is reasonably possible in the next twelve months, typically including the nature of the uncertainty, the event(s) that could cause a material change, and an estimate of the range of the reasonably possible change or a statement that an estimate of the range cannot be made. An unrecognized tax benefit is the difference between a tax position taken in a tax return and the amounts recognized in the financial statements for which it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits of the position, that the tax position will not be sustained upon examination.

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