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Debt | 3 Months Ended
--- | ---
Mar. 31, 2020
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] |
Convertible Senior Notes | On April 15, 2019, the Company sold $80.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.500% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024 (the "2024 Notes"). The 2024 Notes were sold pursuant to an indenture, dated April 15, 2019 (the "2024 Indenture"), between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (“Trustee”). The 2024 Notes pay interest at a rate equal to 4.500% per year, payable semiannually in arrears on April 15 and October 15 of each year, beginning October 15, 2019. Interest accrues on the 2024 Notes from the last date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for or, if no interest has been paid or duly provided for, from April 15, 2019. Unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased, the 2024 Notes mature on April 15, 2024. On February 10, 2020, the Company sold $120.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 2.875% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 (the "2026 Notes" and, together with the 2024 Notes, the "Notes"). The 2026 Notes were sold pursuant to an indenture, dated February 10, 2020 (the "2026 Indenture" and, together with the 2024 Indenture, the "Indentures"), between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee. The 2026 Notes pay interest at a rate equal to 2.875% per year, payable semiannually in arrears on April 15 and October 15 of each year, beginning October 15, 2020. Interest accrues on the 2026 Notes from the last date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for or, if no interest has been paid or duly provided for, from April 15, 2020. Unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased, the 2026 Notes mature on April 15, 2026. The Company used approximately $66.3 million (excluding cash payments relating to accrued interest and fractional shares) from its sale of the 2026 Notes and issued 722,423 shares of common shares at $32.43 per share out of treasury stock with an average cost basis of $3.37 per share per share to repurchase approximately $66.3 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2024 Notes through individually negotiated transactions. Of the total price paid for the 2024 Notes, $59.0 million was allocated to the 2024 Notes settlement, $30.8 million was allocated to the equity component, and $1.0 million was used to pay off accrued interest on the 2024 Notes. The consideration transferred was allocated to the liability and equity components of the 2024 Notes using the equivalent rate that reflected the borrowing rate for a similar non-convertible debt instrument immediately prior to settlement. The transaction resulted in a loss on settlement of convertible notes of $8.1 million, which is recorded as a Loss on extinguishment of debt in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations. The loss represents the difference between (i) the fair value of the liability component and (ii) the sum of the carrying value of the debt component and any unamortized debt issuance costs at the time of settlement. The implied estimated effective rate of the liability component of the 2024 Notes and 2026 Notes is 10.24% and 7.33%, respectively. The Notes are senior, unsecured obligations of the Company. The 2024 Notes and the 2026 Notes are convertible, in whole or in part, at the option of the holder, upon the occurrence of specified events or certain fundamental changes set forth in the Indentures prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding October 15, 2023 and October 15, 2025, respectively; and, thereafter, at any time until the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding maturity. The 2024 Notes are convertible into Company common stock at an initial conversion rate of 35.0217 shares per $1,000 principal amount and the 2026 Notes are convertible into Company common stock at an initial conversion rate of 23.2722 shares per $1,000 principal amount. Upon conversion, the Company may elect to settle by paying or delivering either solely cash, shares of Company common stock or a combination of cash and shares of common stock. In accordance with ASC 470-20 "Debt with Conversion and Other Options — Beneficial Conversion Features", the initial measurement of the 2024 Notes at fair value resulted in a liability of $62.4 million, as such, the calculated discount resulted in an implied value of the convertible feature recognized in Additional Paid in Capital of $17.6 million. In accordance with ASC 470-20, the initial measurement of the 2026 Notes at fair value resulted in a liability of $93.8 million, as such, the calculated discount resulted in an implied value of the convertible feature recognized in Additional Paid in Capital of $26.2 million. Issuance costs for the transactions amounted to $4.9 million and $4.2 million for the 2024 Notes and 2026 Notes, respectively. These costs were allocated to debt and equity components on a ratable basis. For the 2024 Notes this amounted to $3.8 million and $1.1 million to the debt and equity components, respectively. For the 2026 Notes this amounted to $3.1 million and $1.1 million to the debt to equity components, respectively. The Indentures contain covenants that, among other things, restrict the Company’s ability to merge, consolidate or sell, or otherwise dispose of, substantially all of its assets and customary Events of Default (as defined in the Indentures). In connection with the sale of the 2026 Notes, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $5.4 million in the first quarter of 2020 as a result of the creation of a deferred tax liability associated with the portion of the 2026 Notes that was classified within stockholders' equity. While GAAP requires the offset of the deferred tax liability to be recorded in additional paid-in capital, consistent with the equity portion of the 2026 Notes, the creation of the deferred tax liability produced evidence of recoverability of the Company's net deferred tax assets which resulted in the release of a valuation allowance, totaling $5.4 million, reflected as an income tax benefit in the first quarter of 2020. The following table summarizes information about the net carrying amounts of the 2024 Notes and 2026 Notes as of March 31, 2020:
(in thousands) | 2024 Notes | 2026 Notes
Principal amount of 2024 Notes outstanding | $ | 13,750 |  | $ | 120,000 |
Unamortized discount (including unamortized debt issuance cost) | (3,219 | ) | (29,804 | )
Total long-term portion of notes payable | $ | 10,531 |  | $ | 90,196 |
The following table summarizes interest expense recognized:
(in thousands) | Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
| 2020 | 2019
Contractual interest expense | $ | (1,014 | ) | $ | (146 | )
Amortization of debt issuance costs and discount | (958 | ) | — |
Total interest expense | $ | (1,972 | ) | $ | (146 | )
The following table summarizes the future principal payments for the 2024 Notes and 2026 Notes (in thousands):
2020, remaining | $ | — |
2021 | — |
2022 | — |
2023 | — |
2024 | 13,750 |
Thereafter | 120,000 |
| $ | 133,750 |
In connection with the Restaurant Magic Acquisition, see Note 3 - Acquisitions, $2.0 million was paid by delivery of a subordinated promissory note. The note bears interest at 4.5% per annum, with monthly payments of principal and interest in the amount of $60,391 payable beginning January 15, 2020 through maturity on December 15, 2022. As of March 31, 2020, the outstanding balance of the subordinated promissory note was $1.8 million of which $0.7 million was in the current portion of long-term debt. The Company's future minimum principal payments are $0.5 million, $0.7 million and $0.7 million for the remainder of 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208564 + Details
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