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Revenue Recognition | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2021
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] |
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition The Company's revenue is derived from software as a service (“SaaS”), hardware and software sales, software activation, hardware support, installations, maintenance and professional services. Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606: Revenue from Contracts with Customers requires the Company to distinguish and measure performance obligations under customer contracts. Contract consideration is allocated to all performance obligations within the arrangement or contract. Performance obligations that are determined not to be distinct are combined with other performance obligations until the combined unit is determined to be distinct and that combined unit is then recognized as revenue over time or at a point in time depending on when control is transferred. The Company evaluated the potential performance obligations within its Restaurant/Retail segment and evaluated whether each performance obligation met the ASC Topic 606 criteria to be considered distinct performance obligations. Revenue in the Restaurant/Retail segment is recognized at a point in time for software, hardware and installations. Revenue on these items are recognized when the customer obtains control of the asset. This generally occurs upon delivery and acceptance by the customer or upon installation or delivery to a third party carrier for onward delivery to customer. Additionally, revenue in the Restaurant/Retail segment relating to SaaS, Advanced Exchange hardware service programs, on-site support and other services is recognized over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the Company’s performance obligations. The Company’s support services are stand-ready obligations that are provided over the life of the contract, generally 12 months. The Company offers installation services to its customers for hardware and software for which the Company primarily hires third-party contractors to install the equipment on the Company's behalf. The Company pays third party contractors an installation service fee based on an hourly rate agreed to by the Company and contractor. When third party installers are used, the Company determines whether the nature of its performance obligations is to provide the specified goods or services itself (principal) or to arrange for a third-party to provide the goods or services (agent). In the Company's customer arrangements, the Company is primarily responsible for providing a good or service; and the Company has inventory risk before the good or service is transferred to the customer, and the Company has discretion in establishing prices. As a result, the Company concluded that it is the principal in the arrangement and records installation revenue on a gross basis. The support services associated with hardware and software sales are a “stand-ready obligation” satisfied over time on the basis that the customer consumes and receives a benefit from having access to the Company's support resources, when and as needed, throughout the contract term. For this reason, the support services are recognized ratably over the term since the Company satisfies its obligation to stand ready by performing these services each day. Contracts typically require payment within 30 to 90 days from the shipping date or installation date, depending on the Company's terms with the customer. The primary method used to estimate a stand-alone selling price, is the price that the Company charges for the particular good or service sold by the Company separately under similar circumstances to similar customers. The Company determines stand-alone selling prices as follows: hardware, software and software activation (one-time fee at the initial offering of software or SaaS) performance obligations are recognized at a stand-alone selling price based on the price at which the Company sells the particular good or service separately in similar circumstances and to similar customers. The stand-alone selling price for all other performance obligations, including: pass-through hardware, such as terminals, printers, or card readers; hardware support (referred to as Advanced Exchange), installation, maintenance, software upgrades, and professional services (project management) is recognized by using an expected cost plus margin. The Company's revenue in the Government segment is recognized over time as control is generally transferred continuously to its customers. Revenue generated by the Government segment is predominantly related to services; provided, however, revenue is also generated through the sale of materials, software, hardware, and maintenance. For the Government segment cost plus fixed fee contract portfolio, revenue is recognized over time using costs incurred to date to measure progress toward satisfying the Company's performance obligations. Incurred cost represents work performed, which corresponds with, and thereby best depicts, the transfer of control to the customer. Contract costs include labor, material, overhead and general and administrative expenses. Profit is recognized on the fixed fee portion of the contract as costs are incurred and invoiced. Long-term fixed price contracts and programs involve the use of judgment to estimate the total contract revenue and costs. For long-term fixed price contracts, the Company estimates the profit on a contract as the difference between the total estimated revenue and expected costs to complete a contract, and recognize that profit over the life of the contract. Contract estimates are based on various assumptions to project the outcome of future events. These assumptions include: labor productivity and availability; the complexity of the work to be performed; and the performance of subcontractors. Revenue and profit in future periods of contract performance are recognized using the aforesaid assumptions, and adjusting the estimate of costs to complete a contract. Once the services provided are determined to be distinct or not distinct, the Company evaluates how to allocate the transaction price. Generally, the Government segment does not sell the same good or service to similar customers and the contract performance obligations are unique to each government solicitation. The performance obligations are typically not distinct. In cases where there are distinct performance obligations, the transaction price would be allocated to each performance obligation on a ratable basis based upon the stand-alone selling price of each performance obligation. Cost plus margin is used for the cost plus fixed fee contract portfolios as well as the fixed price and time and materials contracts portfolios to determine the stand-alone selling price. In determining when to recognize revenue, the Company analyzes whether its performance obligations in its Government contracts are satisfied over a period of time or at a point in time. In general, the Company's performance obligations are satisfied over a period of time. However, there may be circumstances where the latter or both scenarios could apply to a contract. The Company does not include backlog as revenue as it may not result in actual revenue in any particular period, or at all. The Company usually expects payment within 30 to 90 days from satisfaction of a performance obligation. None of the Company's contracts as of March 31, 2021 or March 31, 2020 contained a significant financing component. Performance Obligations Outstanding The Company's performance obligations outstanding represent the transaction price of firm, non-cancellable orders, with expected delivery dates to customers after March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively, for work that has not yet been performed. The activity of outstanding performance obligations as it relates to customer deposits and deferred service revenue is as follows:
(in thousands) | 2021 |  | 2020
Beginning balance - January 1 | $ | 11,082 |  |  | $ | 12,486 |
Recognition of deferred revenue | (2,603) |  |  | (4,034) |
Deferral of revenue | 2,597 |  |  | 4,026 |
Ending balance - March 31 | $ | 11,076 |  |  | $ | 12,478 |
The above table excludes customer deposits of $1.6 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The majority of the deferred revenue balances above relate to professional services, maintenance agreements, and software licenses. These are recognized straight-line over the life of the contract, with the majority of the balance being recognized within the next twelve months. In the Restaurant/Retail segment most performance obligations relate to service and support contracts, approximately 78% of which the Company expects to fulfill within one year. The Company expects to fulfill 100% of support and service contracts within 60 months. At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, transaction prices allocated to future performance obligations were $11.1 million and $11.1 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, the Company recognized revenue of $2.6 million and $4.0 million, respectively, which are included in contract liabilities at the beginning of each such period. The value of existing contracts in the Government segment at March 31, 2021, net of amounts relating to work performed to that date, was approximately $140.1 million, of which $30.2 million was funded, and at December 31, 2020, net of amounts relating to work performed to that date, was approximately $150.5 million, of which $27.8 million was funded. The value of existing contracts, net of amounts relating to work performed at March 31, 2021 are expected to be recognized as revenue over time as follows (in thousands):
Next 12 Months | $ | 56,238 |
Months 13-24 | 47,328 |
Months 25-36 | 24,434 |
Thereafter | 12,066 |
TOTAL | $ | 140,066 |
Disaggregated Revenue The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers by major product line for each of its reporting segments because the Company believes it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Disaggregation of revenue is as follows (in thousands):
| Three months ended March 31, 2021
| Restaurant/Retail Point in Time |  | Restaurant/Retail Over Time |  | Government Over Time
Hardware | $ | 17,835 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Software | 243 |  |  | 7,633 |  |  | — |
Service | 3,412 |  |  | 7,461 |  |  | — |
Mission Systems | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,547 |
ISR Solutions | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,131 |
Product | — |  |  | — |  |  | 205 |
TOTAL | $ | 21,490 |  |  | $ | 15,094 |  |  | $ | 17,883 |
| Three months ended March 31, 2020
| Restaurant/Retail Point in Time |  | Restaurant/Retail Over Time |  | Government Over Time
Hardware | $ | 18,137 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Software | 562 |  |  | 6,382 |  |  | — |
Service | 4,942 |  |  | 7,386 |  |  | — |
Mission Systems | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,448 |
ISR Solutions | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,772 |
Product | — |  |  | — |  |  | 103 |
TOTAL | $ | 23,641 |  |  | $ | 13,768 |  |  | $ | 17,323 |
The Company has reclassified the prior year information in the above table to conform to the current year presentation. Practical Expedients and Exemptions The Company generally expenses sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would be less than one year or the total amount of commissions is immaterial. Commissions are recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses. The Company elected to exclude from the transaction price measurement, all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and collected by the Company from a customer (for example, sales, use, value added, and some excise taxes).

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- Definition The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=49130388 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 10 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121604090&loc=SL49130551-203045 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 13 -Subparagraph (b)(2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121604090&loc=SL49130556-203045 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121604090&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121604090&loc=SL49130550-203045 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (e) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121604090&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121604090&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121604090&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121604090&loc=SL49130558-203045 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (c) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121604090&loc=SL49130554-203045 + Details
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