<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001493152-22-028469.txt : 20221014
<SEC-HEADER>0001493152-22-028469.hdr.sgml : 20221014
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20221014163753
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001493152-22-028469
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		139
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20220731
FILED AS OF DATE:		20221014
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20221014

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			IDT CORP
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001005731
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS (NO RADIO TELEPHONE) [4813]
		IRS NUMBER:				223415036
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0731

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-16371
		FILM NUMBER:		221311708

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		520 BROAD ST
		CITY:			NEWARK
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07102
		BUSINESS PHONE:		973 438 1000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		520 BROAD STREET
		CITY:			NEWARK
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07102
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>10-K
<SEQUENCE>1
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>UNITED
STATES<br />
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></span><b><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt">Washington, D.C. 20549</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 18pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>FORM
<span id="xdx_90B_edei--DocumentType_c20210801__20220731_zO7N6wwMG6z4"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="dei:DocumentType">10-K</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_908_edei--DocumentAnnualReport_c20210801__20220731_zgKEBwlOO2Jl"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:booleantrue" name="dei:DocumentAnnualReport">&#9746;</ix:nonNumeric></span>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">or</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_903_edei--DocumentTransitionReport_c20210801__20220731_zXHC2gOpsUv9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:DocumentTransitionReport">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span>
Transition report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the securities exchange act of 1934.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Commission
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><span id="xdx_909_edei--CityAreaCode_c20210801__20220731" title="City Area Code"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="dei:CityAreaCode">(973)</ix:nonNumeric></span>
<span id="xdx_905_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20210801__20220731" title="Local Phone Number"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">438-1000</ix:nonNumeric></span></b><br />
(Registrant&#8217;s telephone number, including area code)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 42%; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Title
    of each class</b></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 2%"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 24%; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Trading
    Symbol</b></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 2%"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 30%; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Name
    of each exchange on<br />
    which registered</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_908_edei--Security12bTitle_c20210801__20220731_ztdNibTTHLe6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="dei:Security12bTitle">Class
    B common stock, par value $0.01 per share</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_907_edei--TradingSymbol_c20210801__20220731_zs9zKhbI984l"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="dei:TradingSymbol">IDT</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span><span id="xdx_90B_edei--SecurityExchangeName_c20210801__20220731_zyHSF2YatJJ5"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen" name="dei:SecurityExchangeName">New York Stock Exchange</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Securities
registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act: None</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes&#160;&#9744; <span id="xdx_906_edei--EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_c20210801__20220731_zuss71DmwV41"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="dei:EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer">No</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;&#9746;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes&#160;&#9744; <span id="xdx_902_edei--EntityVoluntaryFilers_c20210801__20220731_zdtgcjURGE1c"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="dei:EntityVoluntaryFilers">No</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;&#9746;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2)
has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. <span id="xdx_903_edei--EntityCurrentReportingStatus_c20210801__20220731_zqFwuGQSsHY4"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="dei:EntityCurrentReportingStatus">Yes</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;&#9746; No&#160;&#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant
to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (&#167; 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to submit and post such files). <span id="xdx_900_edei--EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_c20210801__20220731_zUTTyg6l4UDh"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="dei:EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">Yes</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;&#9746; No&#160;&#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company,
or an emerging growth company. See definitions of &#8220;large accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;smaller
reporting company,&#8221; and &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 59%; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Large
    <span>accelerated filer</span> &#9744;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 41%; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_905_edei--EntityFilerCategory_c20210801__20220731" title="Entity Filer Category"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt-sec:entityfilercategoryen" name="dei:EntityFilerCategory">Accelerated filer</ix:nonNumeric></span> &#9746;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-accelerated
    filer &#9744;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Smaller
    reporting company <span id="xdx_90C_edei--EntitySmallBusiness_c20210801__20220731_zckcijjfA6tl"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntitySmallBusiness">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Emerging
    growth company <span id="xdx_907_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20210801__20220731_zgxdNs6BSSWd"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.&#160;&#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management&#8217;s assessment of the effectiveness
of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered
public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.&#160;<span id="xdx_90F_edei--IcfrAuditorAttestationFlag_c20210801__20220731_zRUERD4rRpBl"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:booleantrue" name="dei:IcfrAuditorAttestationFlag">&#9746;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes&#160;&#9744; <span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityShellCompany_c20210801__20220731_zEZgYBfeIW3b"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityShellCompany">No</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;&#9746;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the adjusted closing price
on January 31, 2022 (the last business day of the registrant&#8217;s most recently completed second fiscal quarter) of the Class B common
stock of $37.53 per share, as reported on the New York Stock Exchange, was approximately $<span><span><span id="xdx_900_edei--EntityPublicFloat_iI_pn5n6_c20220131_zQKd0adZGUbi"><ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityPublicFloat" contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">790.1</ix:nonFraction></span></span></span> million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
of October 12, 2022, the registrant had outstanding <span id="xdx_90A_edei--EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pid_c20221012__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zewCTnoPv9qe"><ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-10-12_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">23,934,705</ix:nonFraction></span></span> <span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">shares
of Class B common stock and <span id="xdx_908_edei--EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pid_c20221012__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zOXC1y3eqVUb"><ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-10-12_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,574,326</ix:nonFraction></span></span> <span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">shares of Class A
common stock. Excluded from these numbers are 3,829,654 shares of Class B common stock and 1,698,000 shares of Class A common
stock held in treasury by IDT Corporation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_908_edei--DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_c20210801__20220731" title="Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="dei:DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock">The
definitive proxy statement relating to the registrant&#8217;s Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be held December 14, 2022, is incorporated
by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K to the extent described therein.</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; border-bottom: Black 4pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Index</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Corporation</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Annual
Report on Form 10-K</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>



<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#mh_001">Part
    I</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 0.75in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    1.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#mh_002">Business.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    1A.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#mh_003">Risk
    Factors.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    1B.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_001">Unresolved Staff Comments.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    2.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_002">Properties.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    3.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_003">Legal Proceedings.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    4.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_004">Mine Safety Disclosures.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#la_005">Part II</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    5.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_006">Market for Registrant&#8217;s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    6.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_007">[Reserved]</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">42</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    7.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_008">Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">43</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    7A.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_009">Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">57</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    8.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_010">Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">57</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    9.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_011">Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">57</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    9A.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_012">Controls and Procedures.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">57</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    9B.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_013">Other Information.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">59</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    9C.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_014">Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">59</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#la_015">Part III</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    10.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_016">Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    11.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_017">Executive Compensation.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    12.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_018">Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    13.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_019">Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    14.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_020">Principal Accountant Fees and Services.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#la_021">Part IV</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">61</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    15.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_022">Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">61</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    16.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#la_023">Form 10-K Summary.</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">62</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#la_024">Signatures</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">63</span></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="mh_001"></span>Part
I</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>As
used in this Annual Report, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms the &#8220;Company,&#8221; &#8220;IDT,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221;
&#8220;us,&#8221; and &#8220;our&#8221; refer to IDT Corporation, a Delaware corporation, its predecessor, International Discount Telecommunications,
Corp., a New York corporation, and its subsidiaries, collectively. Each reference to a fiscal year in this Annual Report refers to the
fiscal year ending in the calendar year indicated (for example, fiscal 2022 refers to the fiscal year ended July 31, 2022).</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="mh_002"></span>Item
1. Business.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">OVERVIEW</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
is a global provider of financial technology, or fintech, cloud communications and traditional communications services. Our businesses
often leverage common strategic assets to serve differentiated markets with innovative offerings.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
consumer businesses make it easier for families to connect, support and share across international borders. We also enable businesses
to transact and communicate with their customers with enhanced intelligence and insight.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
businesses include:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fintech:</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>National
    Retail Solutions (NRS</b>): Operates a point-of-sale, or POS, terminal-based platform that enables independent retailers to operate
    and process transactions more effectively while providing advertisers and marketers with unprecedented reach into underserved consumer
    markets; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>BOSS
    Money:</b> Makes it easy and convenient to send money from the United States to friends and family across borders and around the
    world;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cloud
    Communications:</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>net2phone:
    </b>Provides businesses in North America, Latin America and certain parts of Europe with cloud communications and collaboration solutions
    intelligently integrated across channels, platforms and devices;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
    Communications:</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Mobile
    Top-Up:</b> Enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging, and data to international and domestic mobile
    accounts;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>BOSS
    Revolution Calling</b>: An international long-distance calling service marketed primarily to immigrant communities in the United
    States and Canada;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>IDT
    Global (formerly Carrier Services)</b>: A wholesale provider of international voice and SMS termination and outsourced traffic management
    solutions to telecoms worldwide; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other,
    small businesses and offerings including early-stage business initiatives and mature businesses in harvest mode.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SEGMENT
REPORTING</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have three reportable business segments: (1) Fintech; (2) net2phone (formerly net2phone-UCaaS); and (3) Traditional Communications. In
fiscal 2022, a line of business was reclassified to the net2phone segment from the Traditional Communications segment. Comparative
segment information has been reclassified and restated in all periods to conform to the current period presentation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Fintech segment, which represented 8.0% and 5.1% of our total revenues in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively, comprises our NRS
and BOSS Money businesses.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net2phone segment, which represented 4.3% and 3.1% of our total revenues in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively, comprises net2phone&#8217;s
cloud communications offerings including its unified communications as a service, or UCaaS, and contact center as a service, or CCaaS,
offerings.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Traditional Communications segment, which represented 87.7% and 91.8% of our total revenues in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively,
includes Mobile Top-Up, BOSS Revolution Calling, and IDT Global, as well as other small businesses and offerings including early-stage
business initiatives and mature businesses in harvest mode.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Financial
information by segment is presented in Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 to Part II of this Annual Report.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
headquarters is located at 520 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102. The main telephone number at our headquarters is (973) 438-1000
and our corporate website&#8217;s home page is www.idt.net.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
make available free of charge our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments
to these reports, and all beneficial ownership reports on Forms 3, 4 and 5 filed by directors, officers and beneficial owners of more
than 10% of our equity through the investor relations page of our website (http://ir.idt.net/) as soon as reasonably practicable after
such material is electronically filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Our website also contains information not incorporated
into this Annual Report on Form 10-K or our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">KEY
EVENTS IN OUR HISTORY</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1990
&#8211; Howard S. Jonas, our founder, launches International Discount Telephone to provide international call re-origination services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1995
&#8211; We begin selling wholesale services to other long-distance carriers by leveraging our access to favorable international telephone
rates generated by our retail calling traffic.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1996
&#8211; We successfully complete an initial public offering of our common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2000
&#8211; We complete the sale of a stake in our net2phone subsidiary, a pioneer in the development and commercialization of Voice over
Internet Protocol, or VoIP, technologies and services, to AT&amp;T for approximately $1.1 billion in cash. We subsequently repurchased
net2phone from AT&amp;T.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2001
&#8211; Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2006
&#8211; We sell our Russian telecom business, Corbina, for $129.9 million in cash.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2007
&#8211; We complete the sale of IDT Entertainment to Liberty Media for $220.0 million in cash, stock and other considerations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2008
&#8211;We launch BOSS Revolution PIN-less, a pay-as-you-go international calling service. BOSS Revolution has since become our flagship
brand, and the BOSS Revolution platform has expanded to include payment offerings.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2009
&#8211; We spin-off our CTM Media Holdings subsidiary to our stockholders. CTM Media Holdings has been renamed IDW Media Holdings, Inc.
and its stock is traded on the NYSE American with the ticker symbol &#8220;IDW&#8221;.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2011
&#8211; We spin-off our Genie Energy Ltd. Subsidiary, which provides electricity and natural gas and related services to residential
and business customers in the United States and overseas. Genie Energy&#8217;s common stock is listed on the NYSE with the ticker symbol
&#8220;GNE&#8221;.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2013
&#8211; We spin-off our subsidiary, Straight Path Communications, Inc., or Straight Path, including its wireless spectrum holdings, to
our stockholders. Straight Path was purchased in February 2018 by Verizon Communications Inc.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.3in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
We introduce our BOSS Revolution Calling app for Android and iOS.</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.3in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
We launch our BOSS Money international remittance service.</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2014
&#8211; We sell our stake in Fabrix Systems, a pioneer in cloud storage and network delivery technologies, to Ericsson for $69 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2015
&#8211; net2phone launches its UCaaS offering in the United States.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2016
&#8211; We spin-off our interest in our Zedge subsidiary to our stockholders. Zedge provides a content platform for mobile device personalization
including ringtones, wallpapers, home screen icons and notification sounds. Zedge&#8217;s stock is listed on the NYSE American with the
ticker symbol &#8220;ZDGE&#8221;.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.3in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
We launch NRS to provide POS-based services to independent retailers in the United States.</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.3in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
net2phone initiates global expansion of its UCaaS offering with a launch in Brazil.</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2017
&#8211; We introduce our BOSS Money app for Android and iOS.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2018
&#8211; We spin-off our interest in our Rafael Holdings, Inc. subsidiary to our stockholders. Rafael Holdings&#8217; stock is listed
on the NYSE with the ticker symbol &#8220;RFL&#8221;.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2019
&#8211; NRS launches NRS PAY, enabling retailers to accept credit cards and other forms of digital payment with an affordable, easily
understood rate structure and no hidden fees.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2020
&#8211; net2phone introduces its Huddle video conferencing solution and integration with Microsoft Teams.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.3in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
IDT acquires a majority stake in Sochitel UK Ltd., or Sochitel, a global hub and digital distribution platform for mobile top-up, electronic
vouchers, and other value transfer services.</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2021
&#8211; net2phone launches integrations with Salesforce and Zapier among others, and HIPAA compatible solutions for healthcare providers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.3in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
BOSS Money is integrated into the BOSS Revolution Calling app.</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2022
&#8211; net2phone acquires Integra CCS, a CCaaS provider operating in the Americas and Europe.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.3in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
IDT acquires Leaf Global Fintech, an award-winning provider of digital wallet services in emerging markets serving unbanked customers
in Rwanda, Uganda, and Kenya.</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.3in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
NRS launches its eWIC service, enabling NRS retailers to accept electronic benefits vouchers from the beneficiaries of the popular Supplemental
Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children, or WIC.</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">OUR
STRATEGY</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Since
our inception more than 30 years ago, we have generated strong returns for our stockholders by incubating early-stage, high-growth businesses
with investment capital provided by our more mature, cash-generating businesses. As these growth businesses scaled, we monetized many
of them through sales or spin-offs to our stockholders.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">To
date, we have spun off five publicly traded companies, one of which was subsequently acquired:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDW
    Media Holdings, Inc. (NYSE American: IDW), a publishing and entertainment company (2009);</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Genie
    Energy, Ltd. (NYSE: GNE), a retail energy provider in the United States and Europe and developer of solar energy projects (2011);</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Straight
    Path Communications, Inc. a holder of certain spectrum licenses that was purchased by Verizon in 2018 (2013);</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Zedge,
    Inc. (NYSE American: ZDGE), an app developer focused on mobile phone personalization and entertainment (2016); and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rafael
    Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: RFL), a pharmaceutical company pursuing novel cancer therapies (2018).</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are comprised of several high-growth, high-margin, tech-centric businesses as well as more mature, cash-generating businesses. Our businesses
derive their competitive advantages leveraging one or more of our strategic assets including:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    NRS, net2phone, BOSS Revolution, BOSS Money and IDT Global brands;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
    nationwide network of more than 30,000 retailers including over 25,000 who utilize our digital retailer platform;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    customer base of more than eight million users, primarily in immigrant communities within the United States;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    technology, global infrastructure and high-capacity transaction platforms;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Extensive
    VoIP and cloud services expertise; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    staff of more than 1,600 working in over 20 countries on four continents.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
high-margin, high-growth businesses include:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS,
    an operator of a POS terminal-based network that enables independent retailers to operate and process transactions more effectively
    while providing advertisers and consumer marketers unprecedented reach into underserved consumer markets.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone,
    a UCaaS and CCaaS provider that intelligently integrates cloud communications across channels, platforms and devices for businesses
    globally; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
    Money, a U.S. provider of international money remittances through digital and retail channels.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
development of these three businesses has been financed with growth capital from the cash flows generated by our more mature traditional
communications offerings. Consequently, we have not needed to rely upon debt financing nor dilutive capital raises to invest in these
initiatives.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
key businesses in our mature, traditional communications offerings are:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mobile
    Top-Up;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
    Revolution Calling; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Global.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
traditional communications offerings participate wholly or partially in the paid minute voice communications market. This market is subject
to intense revenue and margin pressure as consumers continue to migrate to free over-the-top voice and messaging services and to flat-rate
international long-distance plans. We have successfully countered the bottom-line impacts of these trends thus far by continually innovating
and deploying new features and enhancements to generate revenue and reduce overhead and operating expenditures for each of these offerings.
For instance, our margin contributions for BOSS Revolution Calling and Mobile Top-Up have benefited from a gradual rotation to digital
channels with higher per-unit margins. These trends and cost saving efforts have significantly offset the decreases in the paid minute
voice revenue.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
increasing revenue and gross margin contributions from our high-margin growth businesses in combination with our efforts to maximize
the cash generation of our lower margin, more mature offerings have enabled us to improve our consolidated bottom-line performance in
recent quarters. We expect that this rotation toward our higher margin offerings will continue to drive increases in our operating margins.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BUSINESS
DESCRIPTION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fintech</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Fintech segment contributed 8.0% and 5.1% of our total revenues in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively, and is comprised of:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS,
    an operator of a nationwide POS network providing payment processing, digital advertising, transaction data, and ancillary services;
    and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
    Money, a provider of international money remittance and related value/payment transfer services.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
fiscal 2022, our Fintech segment generated $108.8 million in revenues and income from operations of $5.3 million, as compared with revenues
of $74.3 million and a loss from operations of $1.5 million in fiscal 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS&#8217;
revenues were $51.3 million in fiscal 2022, a 107% increase from fiscal 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
operates a network of POS terminals at independent retailers including convenience, liquor and tobacco stores throughout the United States.
The NRS solution includes integrated hardware and software tools that enable these retailers to operate more efficiently and compete
more effectively against larger retail chains.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
POS terminal&#8217;s hardware includes cash registers, barcode scanners, retailer and customer-facing hi-definition screens, receipt
printers and credit card readers. NRS&#8217; integrated, proprietary software is offered to retailers as a service and provides operational
tools including inventory management, sales tracking, price book management and other useful features. NRS technology teams in the United
States and Israel continuously enhance the software and develop new features to better serve existing customers and facilitate expansion
into additional retail market segments.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
primary market for NRS&#8217; POS terminals is the more than 200,000 independently owned convenience, liquor, grocery, and tobacco stores
in the United States, many of which primarily serve foreign-born communities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
continues to increase the <span style="background-color: white">number of POS terminals active in its network. As of July 31, 2022, the
NRS POS </span>network <span style="background-color: white">included more than 19,000 terminals, an increase from 14,000 a year earlier.
</span>NRS&#8217; POS terminal sales and marketing efforts are targeted, in part, to our nationwide network of BOSS Revolution retailers.
NRS also markets and sells to retailers outside the BOSS Revolution network, including direct sales and through strategic relationships
with more than 100 wholesale distributors including some of the largest cash-and-carry wholesalers in the United States.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
generates revenue from a portfolio of services for both retailers and third parties. The vast majority of revenue is generated by recurring
services including:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Display
    Advertising</i>. NRS terminals feature 15&#8221; high-definition customer-facing screens designed to engage customers during check-out.
    The screens enable consumer package-good sellers and other marketers to offer coupons, deals, and promotions on in-store products
    through static and video advertisements with reach into urban demographic segments. NRS&#8217; advertising offerings participate
    in the digital out-of-home, or DOOH, advertising market. DOOH is among the fastest growing advertising market segments. As it matures,
    we expect that the DOOH market will become increasingly accessible to programmatic advertising buyers, which would enable NRS to
    significantly increase advertising sales.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Merchant
    Services.</i> The substantial majority of merchant services revenue is generated by NRS PAY, which enables retailers to accept and
    process payments made by credit cards, debit cards, and electronic benefits transfer. NRS PAY&#8217;s pricing model does not require
    a contract. NRS provides the NRS PAY equipment for free, and NRS does not charge hidden fees. Instead, NRS charges a flat, transparent
    rate per transaction. At July 31, 2022, we had over 10,300 NRS PAY customers compared to 5,800 a year earlier.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Data
    Analytics.</i> NRS captures targeted POS transaction data from NRS retailers. These retailers are concentrated in urban communities
    with significant immigrant populations and, in the aggregate, constitute a significant but largely opaque market for data analysis
    and marketing. NRS has built a data platform that allows third parties to analyze purchasing trends at independent retailers and
    gain insights into this important segment of the consumer market.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Terminal-based
    software services</i>. Terminal operators pay a monthly software as a service fee to operate each POS terminal. The monthly fee increases
    with premium POS feature sets.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Sale
    of POS Terminals. </i>In addition to these recurring sources of revenue, NRS sells its POS terminals to retailers. Terminals are
    typically offered at a discount from the full retail price when retailers enroll in NRS PAY.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
also supports our BOSS Revolution communications and payment offerings &#8211; BOSS Revolution Calling, BOSS Money remittances, and Mobile
Top-Up, all of which can be sold and provisioned by retailers directly from their NRS terminals.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
believe that NRS&#8217; competitive advantages include:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
    combination of hardware and software specifically designed to meet the unique store-management needs of independent retailers;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An
    engaging 15&#8221; hi-definition customer-facing screen at the POS terminal for displaying advertising and promotions provisioned
    via the NRS platform;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Focus
    on urban markets with high concentrations of first- and second-generation immigrants that provides advertisers and marketers with
    valuable reach and insight into these communities;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Through
    IDT, relationships with over 35,000 retailers nationwide;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Partnerships
    to enroll new retailers through cash-and-carry wholesale distributors;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
    NRS PAY, simplified, transparent pricing with free card readers, no hidden fees and lower total cost to operate than most competitors;
    and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
    NRS PAY, continued conversion of NRS terminal customers.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS&#8217;
growth strategy includes:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Conversion
    of current BOSS Revolution retailers to NRS POS and NRS PAY;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expanding
    NRS POS terminal sales efforts to retailers who are not Boss Revolution retailers;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
    NRS PAY, conversion of current NRS terminal customers, particularly as contracts with their pre-existing credit card processors expire;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expansion
    into new retail verticals;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Development
    and deployments of new POS features and functionalities;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Further
    integrations with programmatic advertisers;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expanding
    NRS&#8217; internal advertising sales force to drive both programmatic and direct advertising sales increases;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Developing
    partnerships to provide NRS retailers with robust home delivery service options; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Creation
    of a consumer app for remote ordering and delivery.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Competition</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
competes against several nationwide POS companies that primarily serve other retail store segments, but also serve NRS&#8217; target
market of independent convenience, liquor, and tobacco stores in the United States. These competitors include, among others, Square,
Clover, and NCR.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
believe that NRS&#8217; competitive advantages include:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
    software and hardware are tailored specifically to the needs of independent retailers in contrast with other providers who primarily
    seek to provide POS solutions for larger retail chains with centralized decision-making;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    relationships with the 35,000 retailers who sell BOSS Revolution Calling, BOSS Money, and/or our Mobile Top-Up offerings;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    established direct sales and marketing capabilities focused on retail brands including our relationships with wholesale distributors
    who supply these stores;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    consumer facing advertising screens and established relationships with supply side platforms in the DOOH advertising space;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    ability to accept and target advertising and content in multiple formats to meet the needs of a diverse variety of potential buyers;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
    our data business, the scale of our network and unique reach into the urban consumer convenience store market;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
    certain states, our solution is licensed to accept electronic benefit payments that certain competitors may not be licensed to accept;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
    NRS Pay, our unique pricing structure featuring flat, transparent pricing and no-contracts contrasts with established credit card
    processing providers;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    ability to develop and leverage new solutions for retailers either directly or through third party providers attracted by our scale
    in the independent retailer market and flexibility of our platform;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    fees for software as a service are generally well below the fees charged by competitors that serve large retail chains;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    experienced and proven management team, many of whom have been with NRS since inception.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
also competes with smaller, regional POS companies that focus on convenience stores. However, these regional players generally do not
offer a comparable suite of POS services, have limited capacity to scale their platforms, and/or are not price competitive.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Money</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Money revenues were $57.5 million in fiscal 2022, an increase of 16% from fiscal 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">International
remittances are a primary economic activity for the tens of millions of first and second-generation immigrants in the United States.
According to the World Bank, total remittances from the United States topped $74 billion in 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Money enables customers in the United States to conveniently and affordably send money to third parties around the world. At July 31,
2022, BOSS Money provided its remittance service from the United States to 50 countries through 1,300 payer entities. Its payout network
included over 316,000 cash payout locations worldwide in addition to direct deposit, mobile money and home delivery payout options.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Money is offered directly to consumers via our digital channels including the BOSS Money app, the BOSS Calling app, and the BOSS Money
consumer website (www.bossmoney.com). Our retail channel comprises licensed and authorized BOSS Money agents nationwide.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
fiscal 2022, over three-quarters of BOSS Money&#8217;s transactions originated on our digital channels, predominantly in the BOSS Money
app. The BOSS Money app enables customers with a debit or credit card to send money easily and securely directly from an iOS or Android
device.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
BOSS Money retail network affords unbanked and underbanked customers the ability to initiate transactions with cash or a credit or debit
card. We continue to build our retail origination network by using our internal sales force to recruit new BOSS Money retailers, primarily
focusing on retailers that already provision BOSS Revolution Calling and Mobile Top-Up. In order to provision our service, BOSS Money
retailers must meet certain stringent financial and other regulatory qualifications. We also continue to enhance the BOSS Money retailer
portal and platform to make the transaction more convenient for retailers, many of whom have access to multiple remittance services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
continue to expand our BOSS Money customer base by focusing our marketing efforts on converting the large BOSS Revolution Calling and
Mobile Top-Up customer bases, as well as by targeting new customers directly, primarily through attractive fee and foreign exchange rate
offers, through both our digital and retail channels.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Money generates revenues from a per-transaction fee charged to the customer and from foreign exchange differentials. Our transaction
costs include commissions paid when the transaction is initiated by a retail agent, payment to the international disbursing agent, banking,
compliance, foreign currency exchange costs and, for digital transfers, credit and debit card processing fees.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Competition
and Competitive strengths</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Money competes in the international money remittance space with both &#8216;brick and mortar&#8217; services which operate primarily
in retail locations through stores or authorized agents and a growing number of digital-only platforms. Most retailer-based originators
of money transfers have now developed digital capabilities as well. Publicly traded companies in this category include Western Union,
International Money Express, Inc. (Intermex), Ria, a subsidiary of Euronet Worldwide, and MoneyGram International, Inc. Money remittance
providers that compete wholly or primarily through digital channels include Xoom (a subsidiary of PayPal), WorldRemit, Remitly, TransferWise
and many others.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
believe that BOSS Money&#8217;s competitive strengths include:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
    Revolution is an established and trusted brand that has served immigrant communities in the United States for over a decade. We spend
    significantly on BOSS Revolution branded marketing to support BOSS Revolution Calling and BOSS Money. Through the nationwide network
    of over 30,000 BOSS Revolution retailers, the BOSS Revolution brand has a high-visibility storefront presence in many communities
    with significant immigrant populations;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    BOSS Money app, which originates the substantial majority of our money transfers, is a proprietary, internally developed, scalable
    platform that has earned high marks from customers for its ease of use, reliability, and customer service;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    nationwide retail channel enables underbanked and unbanked customers to initiate transactions with cash at BOSS Money retailers;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    comprehensive compliance processes and procedures; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    experienced management team.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Money&#8217;s growth strategy includes:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expansion
    of our international payout network with a focus on popular destinations in Africa;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expansion
    of origination beyond the United States to Canada, United Kingdom and, potentially, to other European countries with large immigrant
    populations;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Continued
    migration of our BOSS Revolution Calling and Mobile Top-Up customers from competitors to BOSS Money;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Continued
    enhancement of our BOSS Money retailer portal;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Increasing
    the number of BOSS Money retail agents; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Addition
    of new features and offerings.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
continue to compete successfully in part by migrating customers from our other BOSS Revolution offerings to BOSS Money leveraging our
highly regarded BOSS Revolution brand, insights into our customers, and cross-marketing capabilities. We compete for customers outside
the BOSS Revolution ecosystem primarily based on brand reputation, low fees, and competitive foreign exchange rates.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
revenues were $58.2 million in fiscal 2022 compared to $44.5 million in fiscal 2021. net2phone&#8217;s loss from operations was $11.1
million in fiscal 2022 compared to a loss from operations of $15.5 million in fiscal 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
launched its UCaaS offering in 2015, leveraging our deep expertise in VoIP communications, established technology team, and global telephony
network. net2phone enables its customers to transform their communications by leveraging its cloud platform to provide solutions that
enable more intelligent, flexible and adaptive communications. net2phone&#8217;s flagship UCaaS service utilizes its cloud platform to
provide conversational continuity across channels from any connected device &#8211; tethered or mobile &#8211; and to measure, manage
and analyze those communications for enhanced insight and productivity.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
offerings include:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Unified
    Communications as a Service (UCaaS):</i> Business communications globally are rapidly evolving. Increasingly sophisticated cloud-based
    communications solutions are displacing siloed, multi-channel solutions and on-premise Private Branch Exchanges, or PBXs, which most
    businesses operate to support their legacy phone systems. net2phone offers unified communications as a cloud-based PBX with advanced
    Internet Protocol, or IP, desktop phones and as a bring-your-own-device solution accessed through its integrated web portal and mobile
    app. net2phone&#8217;s UCaaS service includes multi-channel communications with voice management features, unlimited domestic and
    international calling to over 40 countries, robust messaging and chat tools, voicemail to email transcription, client analytics,
    the net2phone Huddle video conferencing service, and reporting and system management capabilities accessed through its online console.
    net2phone&#8217;s UCaaS service integrates seamlessly with business communication platforms (such as Microsoft Teams and Slack),
    leading customer relationship management, or CRM, services (such as SalesForce, Zoho and others) and text-based communications platforms.
    net2phone adds features, enhancements and integrations on a regular basis leveraging its agile development philosophy.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Huddle</i>:
    net2phone&#8217;s video and audio streaming solution, Huddle, is integrated with and provisioned through its unified communications
    offering. A limited version of Huddle is also offered as a free stand-alone service. Huddle delivers a comprehensive feature set
    including phone dial-in conference options, robust user controls, single sign-on, noise cancelation, screen blur, Huddle reactions
    and complete on-the-go access. Huddle integrates fully with Google and Microsoft Outlook calendars. Conversations on Huddle are secure,
    and passcode protected.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Session
    Initiation Protocol (SIP) Trunking</i>: net2phone&#8217;s SIP Trunking service provides high-quality voice channels from net2phone&#8217;s
    expansive VOIP network directly to the client&#8217;s on-premise IP-PBX. net2phone&#8217;s SIP Trunking service has been certified
    for compatibility with leading IP-PBX vendors such as Avaya and 3CX.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Cloud
    Contact Center as a Service (CCaaS)</i>: Prior to its acquisition of Integra, net2phone offered CCaaS services on a limited basis
    through resale agreements with CCaaS providers, including Integra and Five9 Inc. With the acquisition of Integra, net2phone offers
    more robust and integrated cloud CCaaS solutions. Integra provides omnichannel contact center solutions including workflows, forms,
    reports, dashboards, alerts, and monitoring for inbound, outbound, or blended contact centers. Integra also offers gamification components
    to improve employee efficiency and engagement. Integra&#8217;s CCaaS solution can be sold either as a stand-alone offer or as a bundled
    solution with net2phone&#8217;s UCaaS SIP Trunking offering.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
operates primarily in the United States, Canada, Latin America, and Spain. net2phone&#8217;s customers are from a range of industries
including professional offices, hospitality, construction, insurance, real estate, retail, technology, and others.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
employs a channel-partner-first strategy in most of its markets whereby it distributes predominantly through its master agent, telecom
agent, Managed Service Provider, and Value-Added Reseller partners. net2phone believes this strategy broadens its sales reach considerably
to customers of all sizes, especially in its target market of small and midsize businesses, which rely heavily on channel partners to
address their IT needs and are not the focus of many of its competitors. Currently, net2phone partners with over 2,500 active channel
partners. net2phone is also investing in its direct-to-business channel, which is in the early stages of development across most markets
and is expected to drive additional growth.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
go-to-market strategy for both channel partners and direct sales focuses on owning its business customers, with customers billed and
supported directly by it. net2phone&#8217;s sales approach is uniquely tailored to each geographic market. net2phone delivers differentiated,
white-glove local support for channel partners and end users along with customizable packages and a partner-ready portal for seamless
onboarding and management. net2phone&#8217;s channel partners and business customers choose its solutions as a result of its intuitive
products, reliability, track-record of innovation, and accessibility.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
value proposition for its channel partners includes streamlined offers with both bundled and unbundled options, extensive customization
capabilities, frictionless and rapid quote generation, and competitive compensation &#8211; backed by net2phone&#8217;s dedicated channel
team. For end users, net2phone&#8217;s solution typically replaces on-premise PBX systems. Key differentiators typically include net2phone&#8217;s
advanced feature sets, white glove customer service, integrations with third-party software and deep localization. net2phone&#8217;s
global infrastructure and locally based sales and customer support teams enable clients to retain the look and feel of localized customer
and user experiences with local phone numbers, porting, native language support, and in-country sales teams.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
marketing to channel partners and end users includes search engine marketing, search engine optimization, third-party lead generation
platforms, social media marketing, and other forms of demand generation. net2phone&#8217;s indirect marketing funnels through its network
of partners, master agencies, and affiliates and includes tradeshows and local events, support for digital marketing and other forms
of demand generation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
primarily sells its solutions through the partner channel, overseen by field-based channel sales managers employed by us. net2phone tracks
its acquisition costs closely across all channels to ensure it is acquiring customers in a cost-efficient manner and consistent with
its targets for return on investment.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
differentiates its position in the marketplace by leveraging its international assets which enables net2phone to enter and serve international
markets in North America, Latin America and Europe. Secondly, by owning and managing its proprietary platform, net2phone is able to release
new services and applications with an agile frequency and pace.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Following
the Integra acquisition, net2phone is integrating a CCaaS marketing plan into some of its core marketing strategies. These include, but
are not limited to, webinars, channel partner events, contact center industry focused events, Search Engine Optimization, or SEO, and
Search Engine Marketing, or SEM, layered with ongoing channel sales training, proof of concepts and demos. As CCaaS sales opportunities
will lead to more enterprise deployments, net2phone plans to implement a strong presales engineering cadence to qualify, ascertain and
identify the key features and functionality that such client sets require.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
growth strategy includes:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Channel
    expansion</i>. net2phone&#8217;s growth accelerates as it adds new channel partners and increases direct sales. As of July 31, 2022,
    we had over 2,500 active channel partner relationships. net2phone believes that its channel partner strategy, including the flexibility
    of go-to-market alternatives and the extensive support net2phone provides to its partners, creates strong incentives for resellers
    to partner with it. net2phone believes that its direct sales strategy is driving incremental expansion with direct sales generated
    via its web-based portals in all of its markets and led by its direct sales teams in Canada.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>CCaaS.
    </i>net2phone&#8217;s CCaaS solution called Ucontact allows net2phone to expand its channel partner portfolio by adding partners
    that focus mainly or exclusively in the CCaaS space. Ucontact also expands net2phone&#8217;s total addressable market by allowing
    it to target larger enterprise accounts, BPOs and international Contact Centers, as well as entities that want an integrated UCaaS
    and CCaaS solution. net2phone expects these opportunities will increase its average user per customer considerably beyond what it
    experiences in the UCaaS space. In addition, Ucontact is expected to generate higher average revenue per user, or ARPU, while commanding
    stickier, longer term service periods with customers.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Focus
                                            on growing its small to medium business,</i> or <i>SMB, target market</i>. The SMB market
                                            is highly fragmented in the United States and internationally. Many SMBs rely heavily on
                                            channel partners to address their IT needs and require customer support given limited in-house
                                            technology resources. Consequently, competition in the SMB market is less intense than in
                                            the larger enterprise market as most of net2phone&#8217;s competitors are not as focused
                                            on channel partners and have customer acquisition and support structures that are oriented
                                            towards self-service.</span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></p></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Expanding
    portfolio of integrations</i>. net2phone continues to pursue growth of its business by introducing new features and integrating new
    technologies to meet the needs of its customers. net2phone&#8217;s architecture is designed to allow for frictionless integration
    of new solutions, which enables it to react quickly to changing market conditions. net2phone continues to expand its portfolio of
    integrations with leading third-party CRM and text-based business collaboration platforms. net2phone&#8217;s UCaaS and CCaaS offerings
    integrate seamlessly with Google Meet, Microsoft Teams, Zoho, Slack, Zapier, Salesforce and WhatsApp via its Omni channel CCaaS solution.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Leveraging
    regional infrastructure for deep localization</i>. In North America, net2phone continues to outperform with streamlined offerings,
    channel partner expansion, and its direct sales channel. In Latin America, net2phone leverages its network infrastructure and regional
    expertise to provide a truly localized solution supported by knowledgeable staff and regional offices in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia,
    Peru, Uruguay, and Mexico. Latin American markets generally exhibit lower levels of unified communications adoption and market leadership
    than in the United States and Europe, allowing net2phone to establish itself as an early mover within the market and gain significant
    market share.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Expand
    internationally</i>. net2phone plans to continue its focus on growing our business within, and expanding to new, international markets.
    In both the fiscal years ended July 31, 2022 and July 31, 2021, 48% of net2phone&#8217;s revenue came from international markets
    including Canada, Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Spain, Colombia, Peru, and Uruguay. net2phone&#8217;s management team is skilled at
    building a strong sales and marketing presence in international markets and it believes this represents an attractive growth area.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>One
    World, One Platform</i>. net2phone&#8217;s cloud-based platform is designed to provide its unified communications service globally.
    This single-platform approach enables a consistent, holistic approach to new feature deployment, service upgrades, and marketing.
    The platform is deployed in the United States, Brazil, and Mexico to date.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Selectively
    pursue acquisitions and strategic investments</i>. net2phone may continue to selectively pursue acquisitions and strategic investments
    in order to strengthen its platform with new capabilities and solutions as well as to expand its position in its existing markets
    or to establish a presence in new markets.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Competitive
strengths</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
believe that net2phone&#8217;s competitive strengths include:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Proprietary
    communications-as-a-service product suite.</i> net2phone provides a leading, proprietary cloud-based communications and collaboration
    platform for our customers. Key differentiators include net2phone&#8217;s advanced feature sets, proprietary CCaaS offering, white
    glove customer service, integrations with third-party software, and deep localization. Through net2phone&#8217;s platform, customers
    can access voice, video, chat and messaging services, softphone and mobile applications, customizable packages, and a partner portal.
    The seamlessly integrated solutions on net2phone&#8217;s platform are delivered and centrally managed through an intuitive, &#8216;single
    pane of glass&#8217; master portal that allows channel partners and customers to easily monitor and manage the product offering.
    net2phone&#8217;s CCaaS offering provides call center agents software for customized campaign management, including inbound and outbound
    call management, messaging, gamification, reporting, and live monitoring. net2phone&#8217;s CCaaS offering is tailored for call centers
    ranging from 20 to 1,000 agents. net2phone supports seamless product suite integrations with leading third-party CRMs and text-based
    business collaboration platforms including Google Meet, Microsoft Teams, Zoho, Slack, Zapier, and Salesforce, with new integrations
    added to meet demand.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Platform
    built for our channel partners.</i> net2phone has built its platform to both serve the needs of its customers and to empower its
    channel partners. We believe that net2phone&#8217;s platform provides its partners with an effective way to market and sell its comprehensive
    solutions to new customers and manage its existing customers. In addition, net2phone&#8217;s integrations with leading third-party
    applications enable its partners to offer more comprehensive solutions. net2phone&#8217;s suite of solutions is delivered to the
    marketplace both quickly, intuitively, and precisely. net2phone has developed a proprietary partner portal exclusively for its growing
    partner community. net2phone&#8217;s channel partners are able to easily quote and deliver a net2phone proposal and agreement proceeding
    directly to onboarding.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Distribution
                                            power of net2phone&#8217;s more than 2,500 active channel partners enhanced with an emergent
                                            direct to consumer strategy.</i> net2phone&#8217;s&#8217; vast and growing partner network
                                            gives it tremendous leverage to grow its business customer base, increase revenue from our
                                            existing clients and expand its footprint to adjacent geographies. net2phone&#8217;s platform
                                            is tailored to support channel partners and includes channel incentives built into its pricing
                                            structure, technology platform, and support services. net2phone puts its channel and customer
                                            priorities first. Channel partners are motivated to sell net2phone&#8217;s offering due to
                                            its premier, localized channel partner support and marketing. While net2phone is primarily
                                            focused on strategically growing its channel sales, it has also been focusing on the expansion
                                            of its direct-to-business customer sales.</span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></p></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Differentiated
    customer support and local market presence.</i> net2phone offers channel partners and customers white glove customer service, integrations
    with third-party software, and deep localization. net2phone&#8217;s on-the-ground presence in international markets accounts for
    approximately 75% of its current personnel. Regional-based customer service and sales teams are a key differentiator and propel net2phone&#8217;s
    international business.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Track
    record and focus on innovative solutions.</i> net2phone&#8217;s long track record of innovation includes the development of its proprietary
    UCaaS platform, including the Huddle video conferencing service, as well as numerous patents around virtualized communication technologies.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Employee-friendly
    culture that allows net2phone to attract and retain talent</i>. net2phone has sought to create a workplace and culture that is entrepreneurial,
    positive, employee-friendly and encourages its employees to work towards its shared goals of delivering innovative solutions to its
    customers and supporting its partners. As of July 31, 2022, net2phone has approximately 474 employees worldwide, with approximately
    75% located outside of the United States.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Competition</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Major
competitors to net2phone&#8217;s offerings include other UCaaS providers such as RingCentral, 8x8, Crexendo, Vonage, and Nextiva. Many
of these companies offer more widely recognized brands, larger and more developed marketing and sales forces and/or channel agent networks,
and more advanced product sets such as services designed specifically for call centers, messaging and chat, and solutions customized
for specific market segments or verticals. These competitors&#8217; offerings typically also support integration of their services with
other well-known, third-party CRM vendors as well as with various Google and Microsoft applications.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
CCaaS market is fragmented, highly competitive and evolving rapidly in response to shifting consumer behavior, especially the rapid adoption
of mobile devices and social media. The proliferation of each is driving change in contact center technology, as customers expect seamless
communication across any channel according to their preference and needs. Combined with the disruptive nature of cloud technologies,
this has resulted in competitors from different market and product heritages, varying in size, breadth and scope of products and services
offered. net2phone currently competes with large legacy vendors that offer on-premise contact center systems, such as Avaya and Cisco.
These legacy telephony vendors are increasingly supplementing and replacing their traditional on-premise contact center systems with
competing cloud offerings, through a combination of acquisitions, partnerships and in-house development. Additionally, net2phone competes
with vendors that historically provided other contact center services and technologies and expanded to offer cloud contact center software
such as NICE, Five9, and Genesys. net2phone also faces competition from many smaller contact center service providers such as Talkdesk
and Seranova, as well as vendors offering both unified communications and contact center solutions. In addition, Amazon, and Twilio have
introduced solutions aimed at companies who wish to build their own contact centers with in-house developers. CRM vendors are also increasingly
offering features and functionality that were traditionally provided by contact center service providers. CRM vendors also continue to
partner with contact center service providers to provide integrated solutions and may, in the future, acquire competitive contact center
service providers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
actual and potential competitors may enjoy competitive advantages over it, including greater name recognition, longer operating histories
and larger marketing budgets, as well as greater financial and/or technical resources. With the introduction of new technologies and
market entrants, net2phone expects competition to continue to intensify in the future. net2phone&#8217;s future acquisitions if any,
may subject it to new competitors and cause it to face additional and different competition in the markets served by these businesses.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
Communications</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Traditional Communications segment, which represented 87.7% and 91.8% of our total revenues in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively,
includes:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mobile
    Top-Up, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging, and data to international and domestic mobile
    accounts;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
    Revolution Calling, an international long-distance calling service marketed primarily to immigrant communities in the United States
    and Canada;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Global, a wholesale provider of international voice and SMS termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide;
    and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other,
    small businesses and offerings including early-stage business initiatives and mature businesses in harvest mode.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
fiscal 2022, Traditional Communications generated $1,197 million in revenues and income from operations of $74.8 million, as compared
with revenues of $1,328 million and income from operations of $81.3 million in fiscal 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mobile
Top-Up</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mobile
Top-Up&#8217;s revenues were $473.2 million in fiscal 2022 compared to $461.6 million in fiscal 2021 (39.5% and 34.8% of Traditional
Communications&#8217; revenues in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mobile
Top-Up enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging, and data to recharge or &#8216;top-up&#8217; a recipient&#8217;s
mobile phone account internationally (International Mobile Top-Up, or IMTU) or domestically (Domestic Mobile Top-Up, or DMTU). We offer
IMTU for approximately 155 different carriers in 95 countries, primarily in Latin America, the Caribbean and Africa. The substantial
majority of Mobile Top-Up&#8217;s revenue is generated by the sale of IMTU.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mobile
Top-Up leverages our platform capabilities, our distribution reach into foreign-born communities and our relationships with mobile operators
around the world.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IMTU
and DMTU are sold through the BOSS Revolution brand primarily through three channels:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">direct-to-consumer
    through the BOSS Revolution digital channel, including our BOSS Revolution Calling and BOSS Money apps, and the BOSS Revolution website;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">retail
    through our retail network including provisioning directly by retailers using our retailer platform and through mobile operator-branded
    top-up cards, and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">wholesale,
    in which we provision IMTU offerings for other businesses.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mobile
Top-Up&#8217;s growth drivers include deployment of additional data centric IMTU bundles to meet the demand for data from mobile phone
customers in developing countries worldwide, migrating our current BOSS Revolution Calling and BOSS Money customers to our Mobile Top-Up
offerings, further expansion into the wholesale market and the addition of new products enabling originators to pay for goods and services
on behalf of the Mobile Top-Up recipient.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Competition</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
major competitors to Mobile Top-Up include:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">international
    mobile operators, who seek to control more of their own distribution channel or create their own products that directly compete with
    our Mobile Top-Up; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">other
    service providers, distributors, and wholesalers, who develop a more comprehensive product offering than our Mobile Top-Up or aggressively
    discount their product offerings.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
believe that the competitive advantages of Mobile Top-Up are:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    direct connection to most of the Tier 1 and Tier 2 mobile carriers worldwide that improve margins and innovation;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">access
    via stores and apps to the United States, which is one of the biggest and wealthiest diaspora markets in the world; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    strong omni channel approach, which includes our retail partners, directly through our apps and website, and the wholesale channel.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling&#8217;s revenues were $387.9 million in fiscal 2022 compared to $455.2 million in fiscal 2021 (32.4% and 34.3% of
Traditional Communications&#8217; revenues in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling is a prepaid international long-distance calling service marketed primarily to foreign-born and under-banked consumers
in the United States and Canada, and a digital-only offering in Europe and Australia.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling includes our flagship &#8216;BOSS Revolution&#8217; branded international long-distance prepaid calling service as
well as disposable hard cards sold under a variety of brands. In the United States, BOSS Revolution Calling served, as of July 31, 2022,
approximately 2.4 million customers per month.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling is offered through our digital channels &#8211; the BOSS Revolution Calling app and website, and through our extensive
national network of BOSS Revolution retailers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling allows users to place international long-distance calls at affordable rates from the BOSS Revolution Calling app or
by calling an access number. Regardless of how the call originates, our customers must first establish and top-up a prepaid BOSS Revolution
account that is linked to their phone. Customers can open a BOSS Revolution Calling account for free and top-up with a debit or credit
card using the BOSS Revolution Calling app, through the BOSS Revolution consumer website (www.bossrevolution.com) or by phone, or with
cash at any BOSS Revolution retailer. Once the account is established and a call is placed, our platform recognizes the customer&#8217;s
phone through its network-provided automatic number identification and seamlessly links each call to the corresponding BOSS Revolution
account. Callers then enter their destination phone numbers. BOSS Revolution Calling customers&#8217; account balances are debited at
a fixed rate per minute or at a fixed amount for calling plans to a specific country over a specified time period. In contrast to certain
of our competitors, BOSS Revolution Calling does not charge connection, usage or breakage fees. BOSS Revolution Calling&#8217;s per minute
rates vary by the destination country, city, and whether the call is placed to a landline or mobile phone. Rates are published on the
BOSS Revolution consumer website and within the BOSS Revolution Calling app.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Users
of the BOSS Revolution Calling app constitute the majority of our customers to date. At July 31, 2022, approximately 1.6 million customers
per month utilized the BOSS Revolution Calling app.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the United States, we distribute our BOSS Revolution Calling hard cards and other retail products primarily through our network of distributors
that, either directly or through sub-distributors, sell to retail locations. In addition, our internal sales force sells BOSS Revolution
Calling and other platform products directly to retailers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022, approximately 24,500 retailers per month utilized our digital retailer platform to provision customers, the substantial
majority of whom pay the retailer in cash. In addition, we estimate that approximately 7,000 retailers resell our disposable hard cards
without utilizing our retailer portal. BOSS Revolution retailers are typically independent retailers serving foreign-born communities
with significant unbanked or under-banked populations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
BOSS Revolution digital retailer portal can be accessed by any broadband enabled device. Through the portal, retailers can access our
platform to create accounts for new customers, add funds to existing customer balances and execute sales transactions. The platform provides
us with a direct, real-time interface with our BOSS Revolution retailers to create a cost-effective and adaptable distribution model
that allows us to target and promote services directly to distributors and retailers, to introduce and cross-sell new offerings, and
to rapidly adapt to changes in the business environment.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the United States, the BOSS Revolution brand is supported by national, regional, and local marketing programs that include television
and radio advertising, online advertising and grass roots marketing at community and sporting events. In addition, we work closely with
distributors and retailers on in-store promotional programs and events.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling&#8217;s retail sales have traditionally been, and continue to be, strongest in the Northeastern United States and
in Florida because of our extensive local distribution network. We continue to grow BOSS Revolution Calling&#8217;s distributor relationships
and expand BOSS Revolution Calling&#8217;s retail network in other areas of the United States and Canada, including the Southwest and
West Coast.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Competition</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling is subject to fierce competition. While virtually any company offering communication services is a competitor, we
face particularly strong competition from Tier 1 mobile network operators who offer flat-rate international calling plans, other PIN-less
prepaid voice offerings, prepaid calling card providers, mobile virtual network operators, and VoIP and other &#8220;over the top&#8221;,
or OTT, service providers. Outside the United States, we also compete with large state-owned or state-sanctioned telephone companies.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Many
of these companies, including AT&amp;T, Verizon, and T-Mobile, are substantially larger and have greater financial, technical, engineering,
personnel, and marketing resources, longer operating histories, greater name recognition, and larger customer bases than we do.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to these larger competitors, we face significant competition from smaller prepaid calling providers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
time-to-time, competitors may offer rates that are substantially below ours, in an apparent attempt to gain market share. In some instances,
these rates are below what we believe to be the cost to provide the service. This predatory pricing can adversely affect our revenues
and our gross margins.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
continued growth of OTT calling and messaging services such as WhatsApp, Viber, Skype, and others have adversely affected the sales of
BOSS Revolution Calling and our other prepaid calling services. We expect the popularity of these IP-based services&#8212;many of which
offer free voice and/or video communications to continue to increase, which will increase substitution for, and pricing pressure on,
our BOSS Revolution Calling and other international prepaid calling offerings. However, free services typically require both the caller
and recipient to have a broadband connection. BOSS Revolution Calling utilizes telephone networks to enable voice communications even
when neither party has broadband connectivity.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Many
mobile operators offer unlimited international long-distance plans that include international destinations to which customers can place
direct calls from their mobile phones without time limitation. These plans now include some of our most popular international destinations.
The growth of these &#8220;international unlimited&#8221; plans adversely affects our revenues as these operators gain subscriber market
share.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
ability to compete successfully against these various operators and service providers stems from several factors, including:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    interconnect and termination agreements, network infrastructure, and least-cost-routing system enable us to offer low-cost, high-quality
    services;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    continued innovation with new plans tailored to the specific needs of different corridors and finding new ways of delivering more
    value to consumers striving to connect with third parties around the globe;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    extensive distribution and retail networks provide us with a strong presence in communities of foreign-born residents, a significant
    portion of which purchase our services with cash;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    continued migration of our existing customers to our digital platform including the BOSS Revolution Calling app;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    BOSS Revolution brand is often highly visible in these communities and has a reputation for quality service and competitive, transparent
    pricing; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    offering of synergistic mobile top-up and payment services over the BOSS Revolution platform that customers can conveniently access
    from their accounts.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
ability to maintain and/or to capture additional market share will remain dependent upon our ability to continue to provide competitively
priced services, to maintain our distribution and retail networks, to increase usage through the BOSS Revolution Calling app, and to
innovate new products and services to fit the evolving needs of our customers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global&#8217;s revenues were $292.4 million in fiscal 2022 compared to $361.0 million in fiscal 2021, contributing 24.4% and 27.2% of
Traditional Communications&#8217; revenues in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global is one of the largest wholesale carriers of international long-distance minutes in the world.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global&#8217;s telecommunications network is comprised of interconnections and commercial relationships that reach virtually every significant
telecom operator globally. These relationships enable us to carry international telecommunications traffic to more than 200 countries
around the world. IDT Global&#8217;s customers include our BOSS Revolution Calling and net2phone businesses, major and niche carriers
around the globe, mobile network operators, and other service providers such as call aggregators. For many of these customers, particularly
the major carriers, we engage in buy-sell relationships, terminating their customers&#8217; traffic in exchange for terminating our traffic
with them.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global offers competitively priced international termination rates at several quality levels. We can offer competitively priced termination
services in part because of the large volumes of originating minutes generated by our BOSS Revolution Calling business, our global platform
powered by proprietary software, our team of professional and experienced account managers and market makers, and our global network
of interconnections and relationships with other telecom operators around the globe. IDT Global&#8217;s services are marketed and sold
through our internal account management team and the IDT Express digital portal. IDT Express focuses on delivering wholesale voice and
direct inward dialing, or DID, services to small and medium size businesses domestically and internationally.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
Communications terminated 11.3 billion minutes in fiscal 2022, as compared to 15.1 billion minutes in fiscal 2021. IDT Global accounted
for 7.7 billion minutes and 10.5 billion minutes of the total Traditional Communications&#8217; minutes in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021,
respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global has a significant number of direct connections to Tier 1 providers in North America, Latin America, Asia, Africa, Europe and the
Middle East. Tier 1 providers are the largest recognized licensed carriers in a country. Direct connections improve the quality of the
telephone calls and reduce the cost, thereby enabling us to generate more traffic with higher margins to the associated foreign locales.
We also have direct relationships with mobile network operators, reflecting their growing share of the voice traffic market.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Termination
rates charged by Tier 1 and other providers of international long-distance traffic have been declining for many years. Nevertheless,
termination rates charged to us by individual Tier 1 carriers and mobile operators can be volatile. Termination price volatility on heavily
trafficked routes can significantly impact our minutes of use and wholesale revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to offering competitive rates to our carrier customers, we emphasize our ability to offer the high-quality connections that
these providers often require. To that end, we offer higher-priced services in which we provide higher-quality connections, based upon
a set of predetermined quality of service criteria. These services meet a growing need for higher-quality connections for some of our
customers who provide services to high-value, quality-conscious retail customers. As of July 31, 2022, IDT Global had more than 1,800
customers and had more than 325 carrier relationships globally.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global&#8217;s revenues are generated by sales to both postpaid and prepaid customers. Postpaid customers typically include Tier 1 carriers,
mobile network operators and our most credit worthy customers. The majority of IDT Global&#8217;s prepaid customers connect via our IDT
Express portal. IDT Express offers the convenience of a mobile self-service portal paired with dedicated account managers backed by customer
support. Prepaid customers are typically smaller telecommunication companies as well as independent call aggregators.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global also offers outsourcing services to help fixed and mobile telephony operators enhance the profitability and value of their international
voice operations. IDT Global offers these operators customized solutions, including full outsourcing, handing all inbound and outbound
calls with or without switch management, and hybrid arrangements whereby the operator retains certain routes or customers directly. Pursuant
to these deals, IDT Global collaborates with the operators to provide a full range of international long-distance services to their respective
customers in-country and overseas.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global is subject to intense revenue and margin pressure as communications globally continues to transition away from international voice
calling to video conferencing and other collaboration platforms, low-cost or free messaging services, free peer-to-peer voice calls available
when both parties utilize broadband connections, and flat-rate international long-distance plans offered both by the largest mobile network
operators and niche mobile virtual network operators.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Competition</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
wholesale carrier industry has numerous entities competing for the same customers, primarily based on price and quality of service.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global participates in a global marketplace with:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">interexchange
    carriers and other long-distance resellers and providers, including large carriers such as T-Mobile, AT&amp;T, and Verizon;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">historically
    state-owned or state-sanctioned telephone companies such as Telefonica, Orange SA, and KDDI;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">on-line,
    spot-market trading exchanges for voice minutes;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">OTT
    internet telephony providers;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">other
    VoIP providers;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">other
    providers of international long-distance services; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">alliances
    between large multinational carriers that provide wholesale carrier services.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
believe that IDT Global derives a competitive advantage from several inter-related factors:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    BOSS Revolution Calling business generates large volumes of originating minutes, which represents a desirable, negotiable asset that
    helps us win return traffic and obtain beneficial pricing which we can offer in the wholesale arena;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    proprietary technologies powering our IDT Global&#8217;s platform and, in particular, the software that drives VoIP enables us to
    scale up at a lower cost than many of our competitors;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    professional and experienced account management team; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    extensive network of interconnects around the globe, with the ability to connect in whichever format (IP or TDM) is most feasible.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
believe that these factors provide IDT Global with a competitive advantage over some participants on certain routes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Communications
and Payment Network Infrastructure and Technology Development</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
operate a global network to provide an array of telecommunications and payment services to our customers worldwide using a combination
of proprietary and third-party applications. Proprietary applications include call routing and rating, customer provisioning, call management,
e-commerce sites and digital platforms, product web pages, calling card features, and payment services features. Proprietary applications
provide the flexibility to adapt to evolving marketplace demands without third-party software releases, and often provide advantages
in capability or cost over third-party solutions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
core voice network utilizes VoIP and is interconnected, where needed, through gateways to time-division multiplexing, or TDM, networks
worldwide. This hybrid IP/TDM capability allows us to interface with carriers using the lowest cost technology protocol available. To
support our global reach, we operate voice switches and/or points of presence in the United States, Europe, South America and Asia. We
interconnect with carriers all over the world, including cellular, landline, and satellite through direct and indirect interconnects.
The network includes data centers located in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Hong Kong, which house equipment used for both
our voice and payment services, with smaller points of presence in several other countries. Our global network is monitored and operated
on a continual basis by our Network Operations Center in the United States and Guatemala. We also use leading cloud providers to serve
as host for some of our application infrastructure.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
technology organization is responsible for the design, development, testing, and delivery of new technologies and features of our products
and services, as well as the continued improvement and iteration of our existing products and services. It is also responsible for operating
and scaling our proprietary calling and payment services platforms including the underlying cloud infrastructure. Our research and development
investments seek to drive core technology innovation and bring new products and services to the market. Research and development employees
are located in our Newark and Minsk offices, as well as remotely distributed globally. Our research and development team consist of our
software engineering, product management, quality engineering, voice engineering, business intelligence, systems and development operations
teams. We intend to continue to invest in our research and development capabilities to extend our products and services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
technology organization uses a number of key performance indicators to track service quality. As of July 31, 2022, our technology organization
has improved our aggregate service uptime from approximately 99.92% in fiscal 2021 to approximately 99.975% for fiscal 2022. The defect
escape ratio, a measure of quality engineering for our flagship BOSS Revolution brand, was 3% in fiscal 2022, meaning more than 97% of
product defects were detected and fixed before being released to our customers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
product offerings and go-to-market strategy continue to evolve, and we expect our product offerings to continue to become available to
customers at more frequent intervals than our historical release cycles. Our Agile development methodology is characterized by a dynamic
development process with more frequent revisions to a product release&#8217;s features and functions as the software is being developed.
In addition, we have implemented a holistic portfolio management process, which has improved transparency and efficiency across the portfolio
through a recurring cadence of business reviews.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">REGULATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following summary of regulatory developments and legislation is intended to describe what we believe to be the most important, but not
all, current and proposed international, federal, state, and local laws, regulations, orders, and legislation that are likely to materially
affect us.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Regulation
of Telecom in the United States</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Telecommunications
services are subject to extensive government regulation at both the federal and state levels in the United States. Any violations of
the regulations may subject us to enforcement actions, including interest and penalties. The Federal Communications Commission, or FCC,
has jurisdiction over all telecommunication&#8217;s common carriers to the extent they provide interstate or international communications
services, including the use of local networks to originate or terminate such services. Each state regulatory commission has jurisdiction
over the same carriers with respect to their provision of local and intrastate communications services. Local governments often indirectly
regulate aspects of our communications business by imposing zoning requirements, taxes, permit or right-of-way procedures or franchise
fees. Significant changes to the applicable laws or regulations imposed by any of these regulators could have a material adverse effect
on our business, operating results and financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Regulation
of Telecom by the Federal Communications Commission</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
1997, the FCC issued an order, referred to as the Universal Service Order, that requires all telecommunications carriers providing interstate
telecommunications services to contribute to universal service support programs administered by the FCC (known as the Universal Service
Fund). In addition, beginning in October 2006, interconnected VoIP providers, such as our subsidiary net2phone, are required to contribute
to the Universal Service Fund. These periodic contributions are currently assessed based on a percentage of each contributor&#8217;s
interstate and international end user telecommunications revenues reported to the FCC. We also contribute to several other regulatory
funds and programs, most notably Telecommunications Relay Service, FCC Regulatory Fees, and Local Number Portability (collectively, the
Other Funds). We and most of our competitors pass through Universal Service Fund and Other Funds contributions as part of the price of
our services, either as part of the base rate or, to the extent allowed, as a separate surcharge on customer bills. Due to the manner
in which these contributions are calculated, we cannot be assured that we fully recover from our customers all of our contributions.
In addition, based on the nature of our current business, we receive certain exemptions from federal Universal Service Fund contributions.
Changes in our business could eliminate our ability to qualify for some or all of these exemptions. As a result, our ability to pursue
certain new business opportunities in the future may be constrained in order to maintain these exemptions, the elimination of which could
materially affect the rates we would need to charge for existing services. Changes in regulation may also have an impact on the availability
of some or all of these exemptions. If even some of these exemptions become unavailable, they could materially increase our federal Universal
Service Fund or Other Funds&#8217; contributions and have a material adverse effect on the cost of our operations and, therefore, on
our ability to continue to operate profitably, and to develop and grow our business. We cannot be certain of the stability of the contribution
factors for the Other Funds. Significant increases in the contribution factor for the Other Funds in general and the Telecommunications
Relay Service Fund in particular can impact our profitability. Whether these contribution factors will be stable in the future is unknown,
but it is possible that we will be subject to significant increases.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Regulation
of Telecom by State Public Utility Commissions</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
telecommunications services that originate and terminate within the same state, including both local and in-state long distance services
are subject to the jurisdiction of that state&#8217;s public utility commission, or PUC. The Communications Act of 1934, as amended,
generally preempts state statutes and regulations that prevent the provision of competitive services but permits state PUCs to regulate
the rates, terms and conditions of intrastate services, so long as such regulation is not inconsistent with the requirements of federal
law. We are certified to provide facilities-based and/or resold long-distance service in all 50 states and facilities-based and resold
local exchange service in 45 states. In addition to requiring certification, state regulatory authorities may impose tariff and filing
requirements, consumer protection measures, and obligations to contribute to the Universal Service Fund and Other Funds. Rates for intrastate
switched access services, which we both pay to local exchange companies and collect from long-distance companies for terminating in-state
toll calls, are subject to the jurisdiction of the state commissions. State commissions also have jurisdiction to approve negotiated
rates, or establish rates through arbitration, for interconnection, including rates for unbundled network elements. Changes in those
access charges or rates for unbundled network elements could have a substantial and material impact on our business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Regulation
of Telecom&#8212;International</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with our international operations, we have obtained licenses or are otherwise authorized to provide telecommunications services
in various foreign countries. We have obtained licenses or authorizations in Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Denmark,
Germany, Hong Kong, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Peru, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom,
and Uruguay. In numerous countries where we operate or plan to operate, we are subject to many local laws and regulations that, among
other things, may restrict or limit the ability of telecommunications companies to provide telecommunications services in competition
with state-owned or state-sanctioned dominant carriers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Regulation
of Internet Telephony</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
use of the Internet and private IP networks to provide voice communications services is generally less regulated than traditional switch-based
telephony within the United States and abroad and, in many markets, is not subject to the imposition of certain taxes and fees that increase
our costs. As a result, we are able, in many markets, to offer VoIP communications services at rates that are more attractive than those
applicable to traditional telephone services. However, in the U.S. and abroad, there have been efforts by legislatures and regulators
to harmonize the regulatory structures between traditional switch-based telephony and VoIP. This could result in additional fees, charges,
taxes and regulations on IP communications services that could materially increase our costs and may limit or eliminate our competitive
pricing advantages. Additionally, several foreign governments have adopted laws and/or regulations that could restrict or prohibit the
provision of voice communications services over the Internet or private IP networks. These efforts could likewise harm our ability to
offer VoIP communications services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Money
Transmitter and Payment Instrument Laws and Regulations</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
consumer payment services offerings include money transfer and various network branded, also called &#8220;open loop&#8221;, prepaid
card offerings. These industries are heavily regulated. Accordingly, we, and the products and services that we market in consumer payment
services, are subject to a variety of federal and state laws and regulations, including:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Banking
    laws and regulations;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Money
    transmitter and payment instrument laws and regulations;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Anti-money
    laundering laws;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Privacy
    and data security laws and regulations;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consumer
    protection laws and regulations;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unclaimed
    property laws; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Card
    association and network organization rules.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the development of our money transmission services and the expansion of our network branded prepaid card offerings, we
have actively pursued our own money transmitter licenses. At July 31, 2022, we had received a money transmitter license in 48 of the
49 U.S. states that require such a license, as well as in Washington, D.C.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Regulation
of Other Businesses</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
operate other smaller or early-stage initiatives and operations, which may be subject to federal, state, local or foreign law and regulation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
own numerous patents, trademarks, domain names and other intellectual property rights necessary to conduct our business. We actively
pursue the filing and registration of patents, domain names, trademarks, and service marks to protect our intellectual property rights
within the United States and abroad; in particular our registered trademarks and brands: IDT&#174;, BOSS Revolution&#174;, and net2phone&#174;.
From time to time we have also acquired or licensed intellectual property relating to present and future business strategy. We believe
that our technological position significantly depends on the technical experience, expertise, and creative ability of our employees to
maintain both our current businesses and pursue future business development. Our corporate policies require all employees to assign intellectual
property rights developed in the scope of, or in relation to our business to us, and to protect all intellectual property and proprietary
information and materials as confidential.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our global telecommunications switching and transmission infrastructure enables us to provide an array of telecommunications, internet
access and internet telephony services to our customers worldwide. We rely upon domestic and foreign patents, patent applications, and
other intellectual property rights, regarding our infrastructure and global telecommunication network for our international telecommunications
traffic and the international traffic of other telecommunications companies.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">EMPLOYEES</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 1, 2022, we had a total of approximately 1,690 employees, of which approximately 1,680 were full-time employees.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="mh_003"></span>Item
1A. Risk Factors.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">RISK
FACTORS</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="background-color: white"><i>Investing
in our Class B common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below,
together with all of the other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the section titled &#8220;Management&#8217;s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations&#8221; and our consolidated financial statements and related
notes, before making a decision to invest in our Class B common stock. The risks and uncertainties described below may not be the only
ones we face. If any of the risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, operating results, cash flows and prospects could
be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the market price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all
of your investment.</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Risk
Factor Summary</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
business operations are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those outside of our control, that could cause our business,
financial condition or operating results to be harmed, including, but not limited to, risks regarding the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Risks
Related to our Businesses and Operations</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; background-color: white"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">errors
                                            in our technology or technological issues outside our control;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">cyberattacks
                                            impacting our networks or systems;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">network
                                            disruptions, security breaches, or other significant disruptions or failures of our IT infrastructure
                                            and related systems or of those we operate for certain of our customers;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            failure, or perceived failure, of one or more of our products;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our international operations subject us to geopolitical and other risks
including ongoing
                                            developments in Belarus and Ukraine;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">failures
                                            in our data center or services; </span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
                                            dependence on industry standard protocols and third-party software, including but not limited
                                            to open-source software;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
                                            dependence on a single supplier or small group of suppliers; </span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">changes
                                            to rates by our suppliers and increasing regulatory charges or tariffs; </span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
                                            customers, particularly our IDT Global customers, could experience financial difficulties;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">technologies
                                            could affect our ability to track the results of ads and/or could block ads online;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictions put in place in connection therewith;</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Risks
Related to Our NRS Business</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; background-color: white"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            ability of NRS to develop products and services to address the market for POS products and
                                            services;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">substantial
                                            and increasingly intense competition in the POS industry; </span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">advertising
                                            on the NRS platform;</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Risks
Related to Our net2phone Business</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">competition
                                            against established well-financed alternative voice communication providers, who may provide
                                            comparable services at comparable or lower pricing;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            capacity, reliability, and performance of several third-party providers and their network
                                            infrastructure;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">scaling
                                            the business efficiently or quickly enough to meet its customers&#8217; growing needs;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            acquisition of Integra&#8217;s CCaaS business;</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Risks
Related to Our Traditional Communications Business</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">each
                                            of our BOSS Revolution Calling and IDT Global businesses is highly sensitive to declining
                                            prices;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">obtaining
                                            sufficient or cost-effective termination capacity to particular destinations;</span></td></tr><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
termination of our carrier agreements with partners or our inability to enter into carrier agreements in the future; <i></i></span></td></tr>
                                                                                                                                          </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Risks
Related to Our Financial Condition</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">we
                                            hold cash, cash equivalents, debt securities and equity investments that are subject to various
                                            market risks;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">if
                                            we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we
                                            may not be able to accurately report our financial results;</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Intellectual
Property, Tax, Regulatory, and Litigation Risks</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">protecting
                                            our proprietary technology;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">claims
                                            of infringement of intellectual property rights of others;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">tax
                                            and regulatory audits;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">legal proceedings;</td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
                                            and our disbursement partners&#8217; and our payment processors&#8217; ability to comply
                                            with a wide range of laws and regulations intended to help detect and prevent illegal or illicit
                                            activity;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">licensing
                                            and other requirements imposed by  regulators and  governments;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
                                            collection, processing, storage, use, and transmission of personal data;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">collection of sales and use, value added, or similar taxes;</td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">certain imminent FCC Orders and rules that effect the telecommunications
marketplace;</td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">our ability to comply with requirements for debit card, credit card, and
other digital payment methods;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Risks
Related to Our Capital Structure</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">holders
                                            of our Class B common stock have significantly less voting power than holders of our Class
                                            A common stock; and</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">eight
                                            trusts for the benefit of sons and daughters of Howard S. Jonas, our Chairman and Chairman
                                            of the Board, hold shares that, in the aggregate, represent more than a majority of the combined
                                            voting power of our outstanding capital stock.</span></td></tr></table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i></i></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risks
Related to Our Businesses and Operations</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Errors
in our technology or technological issues outside our control could cause delays or interruptions to our customers.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
services can be disrupted by issues with our networks, platforms, technology, and systems, including malfunctions in our servers, processors,
software or facilities. In addition, there may be service interruptions for reasons outside of our control. Our customers and potential
customers subscribing to our services have experienced such interruptions in the past and may experience such interruptions in the future
as a result of these types of problems or others which may or may not be in our control. Such interruptions may cause us to lose customers
and/or offer customer credits, which could adversely affect our revenue and profitability. Network and telecommunication interruptions
may also impair our ability to sign-up new customers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cyberattacks
impacting our networks or systems could have an adverse effect on our business.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cyberattacks,
including through the use of malware, ransomware, computer viruses, denial of services attacks, credential harvesting, social engineering
and other means for obtaining unauthorized access to or disrupting the operation of our networks and systems and those of our suppliers,
vendors and other service providers, could have an adverse effect on our business. Cyberattacks may cause equipment failures, loss of
information, including sensitive personal information of customers or employees or valuable technical and marketing information, as well
as disruptions to our or our customers&#8217; operations. Furthermore, ransomware could potentially deny the use of our systems until
a ransom is paid. Cyberattacks against companies, including us, have increased in frequency, scope and potential harm in recent years.
They may occur alone or in conjunction with physical attacks, especially where disruption of service is an objective of the attacker.
The development and maintenance of systems to prevent such attacks is costly and requires ongoing monitoring and updating to address
their increasing prevalence and sophistication. While, to date, we have not been subject to cyberattacks that, individually or in the
aggregate, have been material to our operations or financial condition, the preventive actions we take to reduce the risks associated
with cyberattacks, including protection of our systems and networks, may be insufficient to repel or mitigate the effects of a cyberattack
in the future.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
inability to operate or use our networks and systems or those of our suppliers, vendors and other service providers as a result of cyberattacks,
even for a limited period of time, may result in significant expenses to us and/or a loss of market share. The costs associated with
a major cyberattack on us could include expensive incentives offered to existing customers and business partners to retain their business,
increased expenditures on cybersecurity measures and the use of alternate resources, lost revenues from business interruption and litigation.
Further, certain of our businesses, such as those offering cloud services to business customers, could be negatively affected if our
ability to protect our own networks and systems is called into question as a result of a cyberattack. In addition, a compromise of security
or a theft or other compromise of valuable information, such as financial data and sensitive or private personal information, could result
in lawsuits and government claims, investigations or proceedings. Any of these occurrences could damage our reputation, adversely impact
customer and investor confidence and result in a material adverse effect on our results of operation or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
could be harmed by network disruptions, security breaches, or other significant disruptions or failures of our IT infrastructure and
related systems or of those we operate for certain of our customers.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">To
be successful, we need to continue to have available, for our and our customers&#8217; use, a high capacity, reliable and secure network.
We face the risk, as does any company, of a security breach, whether through cyber-attack, malware, computer viruses, sabotage, or other
significant disruption of our IT infrastructure. As such, there is a risk of a security breach or disruption of the systems we operate,
including possible unauthorized access to our and our customers&#8217; proprietary or classified information. We are also subject to
breaches of our respective networks resulting in unauthorized utilization of our services or products, which subject us to the costs
of providing those products or services, which are likely not recoverable. The secure maintenance and transmission of our and our customers&#8217;
information is a critical element of our operations. Our information technology and other systems that maintain and transmit customer
information, or those of service providers or business partners, may be compromised by a malicious third-party penetration of our network
security, or that of a third-party service provider or business partner, or impacted by advertent or inadvertent actions or inactions
by our employees, or those of a third-party service provider or business partner. As a result, our or our customers&#8217; information
may be lost, disclosed, accessed or taken without our or our customers&#8217; consent, or our product and service may be used without
payment.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Although
we make significant efforts to maintain the security and integrity of these types of information and systems, there can be no assurance
that our respective security efforts and measures will be effective or that attempted security breaches or disruptions would not be successful
or damaging, especially in light of the growing sophistication of cyber-attacks and intrusions sponsored by state or other interests.
We may be unable to anticipate all potential types of attacks or intrusions or to implement adequate security barriers or other preventative
measures. Certain of our business units have been the subject of attempted and successful cyber-attacks in the past. We have researched
the situations and do not believe any material internal, or customer information has been compromised.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Network
disruptions, security breaches and other significant failures of the above-described systems could (i) disrupt the proper functioning
of our networks and systems and therefore our operations or those of certain of our customers; (ii) result in the unauthorized use of
our services or products without payment; (iii) result in the unauthorized access to, and destruction, loss, theft, misappropriation
or release of proprietary, confidential, sensitive or otherwise valuable information of ours or our customers, including trade secrets,
which others could use to compete against us or for disruptive, destructive or otherwise harmful purposes and outcomes; and (iv) require
significant management attention or financial resources to remedy the damages that result or to change our systems and processes. We
could be subject to claims for contract breach, damages, credits, fines, penalties, termination, or other remedies from our customers,
and subject to additional scrutiny or litigation by regulators, as a result of network disruptions, security breaches and other significant
failures of the above-described systems, any or all of which could result in a loss of business, damage to our reputation among our customers
and the public generally and have a negative impact on our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
one or more of our products fail, or is perceived to fail, or if there are technical defects, our reputation could be harmed, our market
share may decline, and we could be subject to various liability claims.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
products may contain undetected errors or defects that may result in failures or otherwise cause our products to fail to perform in accordance
with customer expectations and contractual obligations. Moreover, our customers could incorrectly implement or inadvertently misuse our
products, which could result in customer dissatisfaction and harm the perceived utility of our products and our brand. Because our customers
use our products for mission-critical aspects of their business, any real or perceived errors or defects in, or other performance problems
with, our products may damage our customers&#8217; businesses and could significantly harm our reputation. If that occurs, we could lose
future sales, or our existing customers could cancel our services, seek payment credits, seek damages against us, or delay or withhold
payment to us, which could result in service credits that reduce our revenues, an increase in collection cycles for accounts receivable,
an increase in our provision for uncollectible accounts, and ultimately harm our financial results. Product performance problems could
result in loss of market share, reputational harm, failure to achieve market acceptance and the diversion of development resources.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, since telecommunications billing and associated telecom taxes, and the related calculations and billing of telecom taxes, are
inherently complex and require highly sophisticated information systems to administer, our billing system may experience errors or we
may improperly operate the system, which could result in the system incorrectly calculating the fees owed by our customers or related
taxes and administrative fees. Customers also may make indemnification or warranty claims against us, which could result in significant
expense and risk of litigation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any
product liability, intellectual property, warranty or other claims against us could damage our reputation and relationships with our
customers and could require us to spend significant time and money in litigation or pay significant settlements or damages. Although
we maintain general liability insurance, including coverage for errors and omissions, this coverage may not be sufficient to cover liabilities
resulting from such claims. Also, our insurers may disclaim coverage. Our liability insurance also may not continue to be available to
us on reasonable terms, in sufficient amounts, or at all. Any contract or product liability claims successfully brought against us would
harm our business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
revenues and profits will suffer if our distributors and sales representatives fail to effectively market and distribute our products
and services.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
rely on our distributors and representatives to market and distribute our BOSS Revolution products and services, Mobile Top-Up, and NRS&#8217;
POS terminals and portfolio of services. We utilize a network of several hundred sub-distributors that sell our BOSS Revolution products
and services and our Mobile Top-Up offerings to retail outlets throughout most of the United States. NRS&#8217; POS terminal sales and
marketing efforts are targeted, in part, to our nationwide network of BOSS Revolution retailers. If our distributors or sales representatives
fail to effectively market or distribute our products and services, our ability to generate revenues and profits and grow our customer
base in these products and services could be substantially impaired.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
global operations subject us to geopolitical and other risks that may harm our results of operations and financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have developers, product development personnel, other employees and senior management in different countries, and some business activities
may be concentrated in one or more geographic areas. As a result, our ability to design, develop or sell products and services may be
affected by:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">geopolitical
    concerns, such as armed conflict and civil or military unrest, crime, political instability, and terrorist activity;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">natural
    disasters and health concerns;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">inefficient
    and limited infrastructure and disruptions, such as supply chain interruptions and large-scale outages or interruptions of service
    from utilities, transportation, or telecommunications providers;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">restrictions
    on our operations by governments seeking to support local industries, nationalization of our operations, and restrictions on our
    ability to repatriate earnings;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">differing
    employment practices and labor issues; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">local
    business and cultural factors that differ from our normal standards and practices, including business practices that we are prohibited
    from engaging in by the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or FCPA, and other anti-corruption laws and regulations.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal
and regulatory requirements differ among jurisdictions worldwide. Violations of these laws and regulations could result in fines; criminal
sanctions against us, our officers, or our employees; prohibitions on the conduct of our business; and damage to our reputation. Although
we have policies, controls, and procedures designed to ensure compliance with these laws, our employees, contractors, or agents may violate
our policies.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
research and development (&#8220;R&amp;D&#8221;) may be adversely affected by ongoing developments in Belarus and Ukraine.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have a significant number of R&amp;D personnel in Belarus. Belarus shares borders with both Russia and Ukraine. In February 2022, in
connection with escalating tensions involving Russia and Ukraine, Russian military personnel stationed in Belarus were part of an invasion
force by Russian forces into Ukraine. In response to the support and facilitation by Belarus for the invasion, the United States, the
European Union, or EU, and various other nations imposed sanctions against multiple individuals and entities in Belarus. Other potential
retaliatory measures could be taken by the United States and other countries, particularly if Belarus were to take a more active role
in the conflict. While we continue to monitor the situation in Belarus closely, any prolonged or expanded unrest, military activities,
or sanctions could have an adverse effect on our future product roadmap and R&amp;D. We cannot predict whether additional sanctions or
other measures will be imposed, or the nature of severity of those measures, and whether they will directly or indirectly impact our
R&amp;D in Belarus or elsewhere.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Further,
our Belarussian R&amp;D personnel could be impacted by retaliatory actions taken by third parties related to actual or perceived Belarussian
actions in support of the invasion, including cyberattacks.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Should
the military conflict expand to Belarus, our operations there could likely be impacted, including due to availability of personnel, electrical
outages, cyber-attacks and actual battles in areas where we have personnel.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any
of the foregoing could have an adverse impact on our ability to research and develop new technology, including corrections or enhancements
of existing platforms supporting our current products and services or development of new or complementary offerings.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Global
and regional economic conditions could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and growth.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have international operations with revenues outside the United States representing a substantial amount of our total revenues. As a result,
our operations and performance depend significantly on global and regional economic conditions. Adverse macroeconomic conditions, including
inflation, slower growth, or recession, new or increased tariffs and other barriers to trade, changes to fiscal and monetary policy,
tighter credit, higher interest rates, high unemployment and currency fluctuations could materially adversely affect demand for our products
and services. In addition, consumer confidence and spending could be adversely affected in response to financial market volatility, negative
financial news, conditions in the real estate and mortgage markets, declines in income or asset values, changes to fuel and other energy
costs, labor and healthcare costs and other economic factors.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Failure
in our data center or services could lead to significant costs and disruptions.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
data centers, including ours, are subject to various points of failure. Problems with cooling equipment, generators, uninterruptible
power supply, routers, switches, or other equipment, whether or not within our control, could result in service interruptions for our
customers as well as equipment damage. Any failure or downtime could affect a significant percentage of our customers. The total destruction
or severe impairment of our data center facilities could result in significant downtime of our services and the loss of customer data.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
ability to provide cloud-based communication services is dependent upon our physical and cloud-based infrastructure. While most of our
physical equipment required for providing these services is redundant in nature, certain types of failures or malfunctioning of critical
hardware/software equipment, including but not limited to fire, water or other physical damage may impact our ability to deliver continuous
service to our customers. Acts of God or terrorism or vandalism or negligence or gross negligence of person(s) currently or formerly
associated with us including failure to properly update and maintain infrastructure may result in loss of revenue, profitability, and
failure to retain and acquire new customers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
ability to recover from disasters or failures, if and when they occur, is paramount to offering continued service to our existing customers.
We maintain redundant physical infrastructure between our data centers in Newark, New Jersey and Somerset, New Jersey for disaster recovery.
We maintain a core site in a data center in S&#227;o Paulo, Brazil and telecommunications points of presence in multiple cities in
Brazil. We operate multiple server sites in data centers in Canada, running UCaaS software licensed from a third party. We also operate
servers in data centers in Hong Kong, London, and Spain. These network footprints do not guarantee continued reliability if a catastrophic
event occurs. Despite implementation of network security measures, our servers may be vulnerable to computer viruses, break-ins, and
similar disruptions from unauthorized tampering with our computer systems including, but not limited to, denial of service attacks. In
addition, if there is a breach or alleged breach of security or privacy involving our services, including but not limited to data loss,
or if any third party undertakes illegal or harmful actions using our communications or e-commerce services, our business and reputation
could suffer substantial adverse publicity and impairment. We have experienced interruptions in service in the past. We have taken and
continue to take steps to improve our infrastructure to prevent service interruptions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to our physical infrastructure, we have a cloud infrastructure deployment with Amazon Web Services, or AWS, and Google Cloud
that supplements and extends our physical infrastructure. We utilize AWS&#8217;s and Google Cloud&#8217;s high availability configurations
using multiple availability zones and we have services deployed in multiple AWS regions. However, we do not have cross region redundancy,
which means we cannot guarantee continued reliability if AWS or Google Cloud suffers a catastrophic event which disrupts a region in
which we have our services deployed. If there were a failure to respond quickly to problems, or such a catastrophic event were to occur,
our customers may experience service interruptions and we may suffer customer losses.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
financial performance is subject to risks associated with changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to local currencies.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
primary exposure to movements in foreign currency exchange rates relates to non&#8211;U.S. dollar&#8211;denominated revenues and operating
expenses. The strengthening of foreign currencies may increase our cost of product components denominated in those currencies, thus adversely
affecting our earnings. The weakening of foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar adversely affects the U.S. dollar value of our
foreign currency&#8211;denominated revenues and earnings and could lead us to raise international pricing, potentially reducing demand
for our products and services. In some circumstances, for competitive or other reasons, we may decide not to raise international pricing
to offset the U.S. dollar&#8217;s strengthening, which would adversely affect the U.S. dollar value of our foreign currency&#8211;denominated
revenue and earnings.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
depend upon industry standard protocols and third-party software, including but not limited to open-source software.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
rely on non-proprietary third-party software, some of which may be open source. We may be subject to additional royalties, license or
trademark infringement costs or other unknown costs when one or more of these third-party technologies are affected or need to be replaced
due to end-of-support or end-of-sale of such third parties.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
functions related to our business depend on a single supplier or small group of suppliers to carry out our business, and the inability
to do business with some or all of these suppliers could have a materially adverse effect on our business and financial results.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the services of any of the single suppliers or small group of suppliers, including, without limitation, software from third-party service
providers used in certain of our products and services, that we depend on were unavailable, or available only in decreased capacity or
at less advantageous terms, this could result in interruptions to our ability to provide certain services, could cause reduction in service
and/or quality as the function is transitioned to an alternate provider, if an alternate provider is available, or could increase our
cost, which in the current competitive environment, we may not be able to pass along to customers. Accordingly, any of these events could
materially and negatively impact our business, our revenues, our profits, and our relationships with customers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Natural
or man-made disasters could have an adverse effect on our technological infrastructure, which could have a material adverse effect on
our results of operations and financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Natural
disasters, terrorist acts, acts of war, cyberattacks or other breaches of network or information technology security may cause equipment
failures or disrupt our operations. <span style="background-color: white">Although we make significant efforts towards managing disaster
recovery and business continuity plans, </span>our inability to operate our networks because of such events, even for a limited period
of time, may result in loss of revenue, significant expenses and/or loss of market share to other providers, which could have a material
adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
success depends in part upon our ability to provide customer service that effectively supports the needs of our customers.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Providing
customer service effectively requires that our customer support personnel have industry-specific technical knowledge and expertise. Our
support personnel require extensive training on our products and services, which may make it difficult to scale up our support operations
rapidly or effectively. The importance of high-quality customer support will increase as we expand our business and pursue new customers.
If we do not help our customers quickly resolve post-implementation issues and provide effective ongoing support, our ability to sell
additional features and services to existing customers will suffer and our reputation may be harmed.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Changes
to rates by our suppliers and increasing regulatory charges or tariffs may require us to raise prices, which could impact results.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
upstream carriers, suppliers and vendors may increase their prices thus directly impacting our cost of revenues, which would affect our
earnings. Interconnected VoIP traffic may be subject to increased charges. Should this occur, the rates paid to our underlying carriers
may increase which could reduce our profitability. Future changes in tariffs by regulatory agencies or application of tariff requirements
to currently un-tariffed products or services could affect the price and sales of our products for a certain set of customers. Changes
in our underlying costs of revenues may cause us to increase the rates we charge our customers which could make us less competitive and
impact our sales and retention of existing customers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
customers, particularly our IDT Global customers, could experience financial difficulties, which could adversely affect our revenues
and profitability if we experience difficulties in collecting our receivables.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
a provider of international long-distance services, we depend upon sales of transmission and termination of traffic to other long-distance
providers and the collection of receivables from these customers. The wholesale telecommunications market continues to feature many smaller,
less financially stable companies. If weakness in the telecommunications industry or the global economy reduces our ability to collect
our accounts receivable from our major customers, particularly our wholesale customers, our profitability may be substantially reduced.
While our most significant customers, from a revenue perspective, vary from quarter to quarter, our five largest IDT Global customers
collectively accounted for 4.6% and 4.5% of our total revenues in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively. Our IDT Global customers
with the five largest receivables balances collectively accounted for 7.8% and 8.8% of our total gross trade accounts receivable at July
31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. This concentration of revenues and receivables increases our exposure to non-payment by our larger customers,
and we may experience significant write-offs if any of our large customers fail to pay their outstanding balances, which could adversely
affect our revenues and profitability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
rely on highly skilled personnel and, if we are unable to retain or motivate key personnel, hire qualified personnel, or maintain our
corporate culture, we may not be able to grow effectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
believe that our corporate culture fosters innovation, creativity, and teamwork. Our performance largely depends on the talents and efforts
of highly skilled individuals. Our future success depends on our continuing ability to identify, hire, develop, motivate, and retain
highly skilled personnel for all areas of our organization, in particular our technology and software engineering organization. Competition
for qualified technology and engineering employees is intense and our compensation arrangements may not always be successful in attracting
new employees and retaining and motivating our existing employees. Our continued ability to compete effectively depends on our ability
to attract new employees and to retain and motivate our existing employees.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New
and existing technologies could affect our ability to track the results of ads and/or could block ads online, which would harm our business.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
significant portion of our revenues are derived from customers acquired in connection with the display of advertisements online. Technologies
have been developed to make tracking the results of our online advertisements more difficult or to block the display of advertisements
altogether and some providers of online services have integrated technologies that could potentially impair the core functionality of
third-party digital advertising. As a result, such technologies and tools could adversely affect our operating results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
business, results of operation and financial condition could be adversely affected by the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictions
put in place in connection therewith.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are responding to the global outbreak of COVID-19 by taking steps to mitigate the potential risks to us posed by its spread and the impact
of the restrictions put in place by governments to protect the population. We continue to execute our business continuity plan and have
implemented a comprehensive set of actions for the health and safety of our employees, customers, and business partners. Our employees
transitioned to work-from-home during fiscal 2020 and, to a large degree, continue to work-from-home. Beginning in the fourth quarter
of fiscal 2021, certain of our employees returned to work in our offices on a hybrid basis.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
continue to implement strong physical and cyber-security measures to ensure our systems remain functional to both serve our operational
needs with a remote workforce and to provide uninterrupted service to our customers. We face challenges due to the need to operate with
the remote workforce and are addressing those challenges to minimize the impact on our ability to operate.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the COVID-19 pandemic resurges and has a more significant impact than currently, our business, operations, and financial condition could
be impacted in more significant ways. The continued spread of COVID-19 and efforts to contain the virus could have the following impacts,
in addition to exacerbating the impacts described above:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Adversely
    impact our strategic business plans and growth strategy;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Result
    in increases in bad debt expense and accounts receivable write-offs as a result of delayed or non-payment from our customers;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reduce
    demand for our offerings as widespread unemployment reduces consumer buying power;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reduce
    the availability and productivity of our employees and third-party resources;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cause
    us to experience an increase in costs as a result of our emergency measures;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cause
    impairments of goodwill or long-lived assets; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cause
    a deterioration in our financial metrics or the business environment that adversely impacts our credit ratings.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of July 31, 2022, we had not experienced significant adverse impacts to our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows
due to the impact of COVID-19. However, the situation remains fluid and we cannot predict with certainty the potential impact of COVID-19
on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
international operations subject us to additional risks which could have an adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial
condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have attempted to control our operating expenses by utilizing lower-cost labor in foreign countries such as Belarus, Guatemala, and Israel
and we may in the future expand our reliance on offshore labor to other countries. Our employees in Belarus and Israel primarily help
develop, test, and maintain certain of our technology. Our labor source in Guatemala primarily performs certain call center, administrative,
and customer acquisition functions. We also have significant operations in Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina as a result of net2phone&#8217;s
growth.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Countries
outside of the United States may be subject to relatively higher degrees of political and social instability and may lack the infrastructure
to withstand political unrest or natural disasters. The occurrence of natural disasters, pandemics, such as COVID-19, or political or
economic instability in these countries could interfere with work performed by these labor sources or could result in our having to replace
or reduce these labor sources. If countries in which we operate experience civil or political unrest or acts of terrorism, especially
when such unrest leads to an unseating of the established government, our operations in such countries could be materially impaired.
Our vendors in other countries could potentially shut down suddenly for any reason, including financial problems or personnel issues.
Such disruptions could decrease efficiency, increase our costs and have an adverse effect on our business or results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
practice of utilizing labor based in foreign countries has come under increased scrutiny in the United States. Governmental authorities
could seek to impose financial costs or restrictions on foreign companies providing services to customers or companies in the United
States. Governmental authorities may attempt to prohibit or otherwise discourage us from sourcing services from offshore labor.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
FCPA and other applicable anti-corruption laws and regulations prohibit certain types of payments by our employees, vendors, and agents.
Any violation of the applicable anti-corruption laws or regulations by us, our subsidiaries or our local agents could expose us to significant
penalties, fines, settlements, costs, and consent orders that may curtail or restrict our business as it is currently conducted and could
have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weakness
of the United States dollar in relation to the currencies used in these foreign countries may also reduce the savings achievable through
this strategy and could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risks
Related to Our NRS Business</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
long-term success of NRS depends on its ability to develop products and services to address the rapidly evolving market for POS products
and services, and, if it is not able to implement successful enhancements and new features for its products and services, our business
could be materially and adversely affected.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS&#8217;
success will depend, in part, on its ability to develop new technologies and to adapt to technological changes and evolving industry
standards. New services and technologies may be superior to, impair, or render obsolete the POS products and services that NRS currently
offers or the technologies NRS currently uses to provide them. Incorporating new technologies into NRS&#8217; POS products and services
may require substantial expenditures and take considerable time, and NRS may not be successful in realizing a return on these development
efforts in a timely manner or at all. NRS&#8217; ability to develop new products and services may be inhibited by industry-wide standards,
existing and future laws and regulations, resistance to change from its customers, which includes NRS&#8217; sellers and their buyers,
or third parties&#8217; intellectual property rights. If NRS is unable to provide enhancements and new features for its products and
services or to develop new products and services that achieve market acceptance or that keep pace with rapid technological developments
and evolving industry standards, our business would be materially and adversely affected.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Substantial
and increasingly intense competition in the POS industry may harm NRS&#8217; business.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
competes in the POS market that is characterized by vigorous competition, changing technology, evolving industry standards, changing
customer needs, and frequent introductions of new products and services. We expect competition to intensify in the future as existing
and new competitors introduce new services or enhance existing services. NRS competes against many companies to attract customers, and
some of these companies have greater financial resources and substantially larger bases of customers than NRS does, which may provide
them with significant competitive advantages. These companies may devote greater resources to the development, promotion, and sale of
products and services, may achieve economies of scale due to the size of their customer bases, and may more effectively introduce their
own innovative products and services that adversely impacts NRS&#8217; growth. Currently, we believe that NRS has a competitive advantage
because of our focus and marketing reach into independent stores, often in immigrant communities in the United States. If some or all
of our competitors focus additional resources on those customers, NRS&#8217; growth may slow, or we may lose customers due to the competition.
Mergers and acquisitions by these companies may lead to even larger competitors with more resources.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
may also face pricing pressures from competitors. Some potential competitors are able to offer lower prices to sellers for similar services
by subsidizing their payments services through other services they offer. Such competition may result in the need for NRS to alter the
pricing that it offers and could reduce our profitability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
NRS fails to convince brands of the benefits of advertising on its platform, our business could be harmed.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS&#8217;
strategy includes increasing its revenues from brand advertising. Brands may not do business with NRS or may reduce the amounts they
are willing to spend to advertise if NRS does not deliver ads, and other commercial content and marketing programs in an effective manner,
or if they do not believe that their investment in advertising with NRS will generate a competitive return relative to other alternatives.
NRS&#8217; ability to grow the number of brands that use its brand advertising, and ultimately to generate advertising and marketing
services revenues, depends on a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control. If NRS fails to convince brands of the benefits
of advertising on its platform, our business could be harmed.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risks
Related to Our net2phone Business</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
VoIP or cloud-based communications service competes against established well financed alternative voice communication providers (such
as Ring Central, 8x8 and Five9), who may provide comparable services at comparable or lower pricing.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pricing
in the telecommunications industry is very fluid and competitive. Price is often a substantial motivation factor in a customer&#8217;s
decision to switch to net2phone&#8217;s cloud-based communications products and services. net2phone&#8217;s competitors may reduce their
rates, which may require it to reduce its rates, which would affect our revenues and profitability, or otherwise make our pricing non-competitive.
net2phone may be at a disadvantage compared with those competitors who have substantially greater resources than us or may otherwise
be better positioned to withstand an extended period of downward pricing pressure.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Many
of net2phone&#8217;s current and potential competitors have longer operating histories, significantly greater resources and brand awareness,
and a larger base of customers than we have. As a result, these competitors may have greater credibility with net2phone&#8217;s existing
and potential customers. net2phone&#8217;s competitors may also offer bundled service arrangements that present a more differentiated
or better integrated product to customers. Announcements, or expectations, as to the introduction of new products and technologies by
net2phone&#8217;s competitors or net2phone could cause customers to defer purchases of net2phone&#8217;s existing products, which also
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
depends in part upon the capacity, reliability, and performance of several third-party providers and their network infrastructure, the
failure of which could cause delays or interruptions of net2phone&#8217;s service and impact our revenue and profitability.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
depends on several third-party providers to provide uninterrupted and error-free service to maintain its operations. net2phone does not
have control over these providers, and some of these providers are also its competitors. net2phone may be subject to interruptions or
delays in their service and its reputation and business may be harmed. The failure of any of these third party service providers to properly
maintain services may result in negative consequences to net2phone, including but not limited to: (i) a loss of customers, (ii) adverse
impact on its reputation, (iii) negative publicity, (iv) negative impact on its ability to acquire customers, (v) negative impact on
its revenue and profitability, (vi) potential law suits for not reaching emergency E-911 services, and (vii) potential law suits for
loss of business and loss of reputation. These third-party providers include but are not limited to: 4PSA, an opensource, Kamilio, based
platform provider based in Romania and NetSapiens Inc. based in San Diego, CA. 4PSA is net2phone&#8217;s current communications platform
in South America and continues to serve as a legacy platform for a smaller percentage of customers in the U.S. NetSapiens is net2phone&#8217;s
current platform for its customers in Canada.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Internet
Bandwidth Providers.</i> net2phone&#8217;s cloud-based communications service requires its customers to have an operative broadband Internet
connection and an electrical power supply, which are provided by the customer&#8217;s broadband Internet service provider and electric
utility company and not by net2phone. The quality of some broadband Internet connections may be too poor for customers to use net2phone&#8217;s
services properly. In addition, if there is any interruption to a customer&#8217;s broadband Internet service or electrical power supply,
that customer will be unable to make or receive calls, including emergency calls, using net2phone&#8217;s service. In addition, Internet
backbone providers may be able to block, degrade or charge for access to, or the bandwidth use of certain of net2phone&#8217;s products
and services which could have a negative effect on its services and could lead to additional expenses and the loss of users. Further,
customers who access net2phone&#8217;s mobile application (or future applications) through their smartphones must have a high-speed connection
to use its services. This access is provided by companies that have significant and increasing market power in the broadband and Internet
access marketplace and some of these providers offer products and services that directly compete with net2phone&#8217;s offerings, which
give them a significant competitive advantage.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Tier
1 and non-Tier 1 Telecom suppliers for Telecom Origination and Termination Services.</i> net2phone depends on these companies to provide
telecom services, sourcing of DID, porting of numbers and delivering telephone calls from and to endpoints and devices on our network.
If net2phone fails to maintain reliable connectivity or performance with its upstream carriers it could significantly reduce customer
demand for its services and damage its business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>E-911
and other emergency service providers</i>. net2phone maintains an agreement with an E-911 provider to assist it in routing and terminating
emergency calls directly to an emergency service dispatcher at the public-safety answering point, or PSAP, in the area of the customer&#8217;s
registered location. net2phone also contract with a provider for the national call center that operates 24 hours a day, seven days a
week to receive certain emergency calls and with several companies that maintain PSAP databases for the purpose of deploying and operating
E-911 services. The dispatcher will have automatic access to the customer&#8217;s telephone number and registered location information.
If a customer moves their service to a new location, the customer&#8217;s registered location information must be updated and verified
by the customer. Until that takes place, the customer will have to verbally advise the emergency dispatcher of his or her actual location
at the time of an E-911 call. This can lead to delays in the delivery of emergency services. Interruptions in service from these vendors
could also cause failures in net2phone&#8217;s customers&#8217; access to E-911 services and expose it to liability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Local
number portability providers.</i> net2phone has agreements with companies that initiate its local number portability, which allows new
customers to retain their existing telephone numbers when subscribing to its services. net2phone needs to work with these companies to
properly port numbers. The failure to port numbers may cause net2phone to lose customers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
faces risks from the outsourcing of the manufacturing of its desktop telephones (&#8220;desktop devices&#8221;).</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
primarily sells Polycom, Yealink and Grandstream-branded desktop devices, although, it supports other third-party devices as well. These
desktop devices are being manufactured by vendors in China. Recent supply-chain challenges in China and global ramifications of supply-chain
difficulties, the U.S. trade war with China, including trade protection measures such as tariffs, and the effects of any new wave of
COVID-19 infections or another pandemic may cause disruptions in obtaining its desktop devices. This may increase pricing, slow delivery
times or may force net2phone to find another third-party manufacturer of its branded desktop devices.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
targets sales to small, mid-market and enterprise customers. Not properly managing these customers could negatively affect our business,
cash flow and operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
substantial percentage of net2phone&#8217;s revenues comes from small and medium-sized businesses. These customers may be more adversely
affected by economic downturns than larger, more established businesses. The majority of net2phone&#8217;s customers pay for subscriptions
with credit cards. Weakness in certain segments of the credit markets in the U.S. and global economies may result in increased numbers
of rejected credit and debit card payments, which could negatively affect net2phone&#8217;s business. If small and medium-sized businesses
experience financial hardship because of a weakening economy, industry consolidation, or any other reason, the overall demand for net2phone&#8217;s
products and services could be materially and adversely affected.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Selling
to larger enterprise customers also contains inherent risks and uncertainties. The loss of a key customer or a failure of some of them
to renew or to continue to recommend net2phone&#8217;s products may have a material negative impact on its results. net2phone has a limited
history of selling its services to larger businesses and may experience challenges in configuring and providing ongoing support for the
products it sells to large customers. Larger customers&#8217; networks are often more complex than those of smaller customers, and the
configuration of services for these customers usually requires customer assistance. There is no guarantee that the customer will make
available to net2phone the necessary personnel and other resources for a successful configuration of services. Lack of assistance from
the customers or lack of local resources may prevent net2phone from properly configuring its services for these customers, which can
in turn adversely impact the quality of services that it delivers over its customers&#8217; networks, and/or may result in delays in
the implementation of its services and impact the quality and ability to continue to provide the services. This could also create a public
perception that net2phone is unable to deliver high quality service to its customers, which could harm its reputation. In addition to
the foregoing, larger customers tend to require higher levels of customer service and individual attention, which may increase net2phone&#8217;s
costs for implementing and delivering services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
net2phone&#8217;s existing customers terminate their subscriptions or reduce their subscriptions and related usage, its revenues and
earnings will be harmed, and we will be required to spend more money to grow net2phone&#8217;s customer base.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
expects to continue to derive a significant portion of its revenues from existing customers. As a result, retaining its existing customers
is critical to its future operating results. net2phone offers monthly, annual and multiple-year contracts to its customers, generally
with 30 days&#8217; notice required for reductions in the number of seats. Increases in the number of seats can be provisioned almost
immediately.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Subscriptions
and related usage by existing customers may decrease if:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">customers
    are not satisfied with the services, prices or the functionality of net2phone&#8217;s products;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    stability, performance or security of net2phone&#8217;s products are not satisfactory;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    U.S. or global economy declines;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
    customers&#8217; business or demand for net2phone&#8217;s services declines due to industry cycles, seasonality, business difficulties
    or other reasons, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">customers
    favor products offered by other providers, particularly as competition continues to increase;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">alternative
    technologies, products or features emerge or gain popularity that net2phone does not provide;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
    customers or potential customers experience financial difficulties; or</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">fewer
    customers purchase services from net2phone.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
net2phone&#8217;s existing customers&#8217; subscriptions and related usage decrease or are terminated, net2phone will need to spend
more money to acquire new customers and still may not be able to maintain its existing level of revenues. net2phone incurs significant
costs and expenses, including sales and marketing expenses, to acquire new customers, and those costs and expenses are an important factor
in determining our profitability. There can be no assurance that net2phone&#8217;s efforts to acquire new customers will be successful.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
must acquire new customers on an ongoing basis to maintain and increase its customers and revenues while the significant costs to acquire
new customers may hinder profitability.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
will have to acquire new customers in order to increase revenues. net2phone incurs significant costs to acquire new customers, and those
costs are an important factor in determining our profitability. Therefore, if net2phone is unsuccessful in retaining customers or is
required to spend significant amounts to acquire new customers, its revenue and or profits would decrease, which would negatively affect
profitability. Sales and marketing expenditures are an ongoing requirement of net2phone&#8217;s business as it strives to acquire more
new customers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
customer churn rate may increase in future periods, which may adversely impact its revenue or require it to spend more money to grow
its customer base.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
customers generally have initial service periods of between two and three years and may discontinue their subscriptions for services
after the expiration of their initial subscription period. In addition, net2phone&#8217;s customers may renew for lower subscription
amounts or for shorter contract lengths. net2phone may not accurately predict cancellation rates for its customers. net2phone&#8217;s
cancellation rates may increase or fluctuate because of a number of factors, including customer needs, pricing changes, number of applications
used by its customers, customer satisfaction with its service, the acquisition of net2phone&#8217;s customers by other companies and
deteriorating general economic conditions. If net2phone&#8217;s customers do not renew their subscriptions for its service or decrease
the amount they spend with net2phone, its revenue will decline, and our business will suffer.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
may not be able to scale its business efficiently or quickly enough to meet its customers&#8217; growing needs, in which case our operating
results could be harmed.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
usage of net2phone&#8217;s cloud-based communications services by mid-market and larger distributed enterprises expands and as customers
continue to integrate its services across their enterprises, net2phone is required to devote additional resources to improving its application
architecture, integrating net2phone&#8217;s products and applications across our technology platform as well as expanding integration
and performance. net2phone will need to appropriately scale its internal business systems and services organization, including its onboarding
and customer support services to serve a growing customer base. Any failure of or delay in these efforts could impair net2phone&#8217;s
systems&#8217; performance and reduce customer satisfaction, which could result in decreased sales to new customers and lower renewal
rates by existing customers and eventually hurt net2phone&#8217;s revenue growth and its reputation. We cannot guarantee that the expansion
and improvements to our infrastructure and systems will be fully or effectively implemented on a timely basis, if at all, which failure
may reduce our revenue and earnings and adversely impact our financial results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
may not realize the anticipated benefits of its acquisition of Integra&#8217;s CCaaS business.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 3, 2022, net2phone purchased all of the outstanding shares of Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. are located
in Uruguay and use the trade name Integra CCS, or Integra. Integra provides cloud-based CCaaS in the Americas and Europe.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
success of the acquisition of Integra will depend, in part, on net2phone&#8217;s ability to provide its customers and channel partners
with a robust stand-alone contact center solution or an intelligently integrated UCaaS and CCaaS solution. The target market for the
Integra CCaaS solution is two-fold: (i) businesses and other entities with embedded service and support centers; and (ii) contact centers
/ business process optimization, or BPO, providers (outsourced call centers). Consistent with businesses across the globe that have been
moving their on-premise phone systems to the cloud, these service and support centers and contact centers are migrating in a similar
fashion, propelled by the growing hybrid and remote work environments. The Integra CCaaS platform is layered with a development surface
which allows for custom deployments and sophisticated work force management, where the solution is tailored to the center&#8217;s work-flow
requirements. This customization will provide for an additional layer of stickiness, which is expected to translate into longer term
service periods with the end user. For this reason, we also expect to see increased stickiness with our current and future UCaaS customers
that bundle CCaaS into their product suite. We also expect this solution set to open for us a whole new segment of channel partners that
specifically target CCaaS audiences. Our capacity to realize these anticipated benefits is subject to certain risks, including, among
others:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to successfully integrate the CCaaS business;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    risk that the CCaaS business will not perform as expected;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    assumption of known and unknown liabilities of Integra; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    risk of any negative impact on our business not discovered during our due diligence.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
we are not able to successfully integrate Integra&#8217;s CCaaS business within the anticipated time frame, or at all, the anticipated
synergies, operational efficiencies and other benefits of the acquisition may not be realized fully or may take longer to realize than
expected, and we may not perform as expected.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Integrating
Integra&#8217;s CCaaS business may be more difficult, time-consuming or costly than expected.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
can be no assurances that Integra&#8217;s CCaaS business can be integrated successfully. It is possible that the integration process
could result in the loss of key employees, the disruption of net2phone&#8217;s ongoing UCaaS business or unexpected integration issues,
such as higher than expected integration costs and an overall post-completion integration process that takes longer than originally anticipated.
Specifically, issues that must be addressed in integrating the operations of Integra in order to realize the anticipated benefits of
the acquisition, so net2phone performs as expected include, among others:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">combining
    Integra&#8217;s operational, financial, reporting and corporate functions with net2phone;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">integrating
    the companies&#8217; technologies, products and services;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">identifying
    and eliminating redundant and underperforming operations and assets;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">harmonizing
    the companies&#8217; operating practices, employee development, compensation and benefit programs, internal controls and other policies,
    procedures and processes;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">addressing
    the differences of a foreign culture and management philosophies;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">maintaining
    employee morale and retaining key management and other employees;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">attracting
    and recruiting prospective employees;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">maintaining
    existing agreements with customers and vendors and avoiding delays in entering into new agreements with prospective customers and
    vendors; and</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">coordinating
    and servicing geographically dispersed organizations.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, at times, the attention of some of net2phone&#8217;s employees may be focused on the integration of the CCaaS business and
diverted from day-to-day UCaaS business operations, which may disrupt net2phone&#8217;s ongoing business and, consequently, both the
UCaaS and CCaaS businesses.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risks
Related to Our Traditional Communications Business</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
of our BOSS Revolution Calling and IDT Global businesses is highly sensitive to declining prices, which may adversely affect our revenues
and profitability.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
worldwide telecommunications industry is characterized by intense price competition, which has resulted in declines in both our average
per-minute price realizations and our average per-minute termination costs. Many of our competitors continue to aggressively price their
services or offer them for free. The intense competition has led to continued erosion in our pricing power, in both our retail and wholesale
markets, and we have generally had to pass along all or some of the savings we achieve on our per-minute costs to our customers in the
form of lower prices. In the case of some international calling locations, when average per minute termination cost decline to a nominal
amount, indirect competitors, such as wireless carriers, may include calls to those locations at no extra cost, which increases our risk
of losing customers. Any price increase by either our BOSS Revolution Calling, or IDT Global business may result in our prices becoming
less attractive to customers, which may result in a reduction of revenue. If these trends in pricing continue or accelerate, it could
have a material adverse effect on the revenues generated by our BOSS Revolution Calling and IDT Global businesses and/or our profitability.</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may not be able to obtain sufficient or cost-effective termination capacity to particular destinations, which could adversely affect
our revenues and profits.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Most
of our telecommunications&#8217; traffic is terminated through third-party providers. In order to support our minutes of use demands
and geographic footprint, we may need to obtain additional termination capacity or destinations. We may not be able to obtain sufficient
termination capacity from high-quality carriers to particular destinations or may have to pay significant amounts to obtain such capacity.
This could result in our not being able to support our minutes of use demands or in higher cost-per-minute to particular destinations,
which could adversely affect our revenues and profits.</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
termination of our carrier agreements with partners or our inability to enter into carrier agreements in the future could materially
and adversely affect our ability to compete, which could reduce our revenues and profits.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
rely upon our carrier agreements with partners in order to provide our telecommunications services to our customers. These carrier agreements
are for finite terms and, therefore, there can be no guarantee that these agreements will be renewed at all or on favorable terms to
us. Our ability to compete would be adversely affected if our carrier agreements were terminated or we were unable to enter into carrier
agreements in the future to provide our telecommunications services to our customers, which could result in a reduction of our revenues
and profits.</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
U.K.-based businesses and business between the United Kingdom and other countries face risks related to the United Kingdom leaving the
European Union (&#8220;Brexit&#8221;).</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
operate our business worldwide, including meaningful operations in the United Kingdom. Accordingly, we are subjected to risks from changes
in the regulatory environment in various countries. On June 23, 2016, the electorate in the United Kingdom voted in favor of leaving
the EU, (commonly referred to as &#8220;Brexit&#8221;). The United Kingdom formally left the EU on April 30, 2020 and had entered a transition
period until December 31, 2020. The EU and the United Kingdom concluded the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (the &#8220;TCA&#8221;)
on December 24, 2020, which took effect provisionally on January 1, 2021, following the end of the formal transition period and will
become formally applicable once ratified by both the United Kingdom and the EU. The TCA sets out the arrangements between the United
Kingdom and EU on trade in certain areas (e.g., goods and some services, energy, fisheries, social security coordination), however there
is still uncertainty over how its terms will play out in practice and there are still key aspects of the United Kingdom&#8217;s relationship
with the EU which are not covered by the TCA, such as in respect of financial services. We expect that uncertainty over the terms of
the TCA and other future agreements between the United Kingdom and EU will continue to cause political and economic uncertainty, which
could harm our business and financial results. The withdrawal will, among other outcomes, disrupt the free movement of goods, services
and people between the United Kingdom and the EU, and result in increased legal and regulatory complexities, as well as potential higher
costs of conducting business in Europe. Until there is greater understanding on how the terms of the TCA will play out in practice, and
until the terms of other potential agreements that the United Kingdom may eventually enter into with the EU are known, it is not possible
to determine the extent of the impact that the United Kingdom&#8217;s departure from the EU and/or any related matters may have on us;
however, any of these effects of Brexit, and others we cannot anticipate, could adversely affect our business, business opportunities,
results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows. Likewise, similar actions taken by European and other countries in which
we operate could have a similar or even more profound impact.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Further,
Brexit could adversely affect European and worldwide economic or market conditions and could contribute to instability in global financial
markets, and the value of the Pound Sterling currency or other currencies, including the Euro. We are exposed to the economic, market,
and fiscal conditions in the United Kingdom and the EU and to changes in any of these conditions.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Financial Services Limited, or IDTFS, our Gibraltar-based bank, currently operates under a license from the Gibraltar Financial Services
Commission. As an overseas British Territory, following the expiration of the Brexit transition period, the passporting rights previously
enjoyed by IDTFS under EU law have ceased to be in effect. Since we did not secure an e-money license from an EU country prior to expiration of the transition period, alternative arrangements were made with third parties to service
customers in EU countries previously serviced by IDTFS. Our inability to service these customers will lead to a reduction in the revenues
previously earned from them.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risk
Related to Our Financial Condition</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
hold cash, cash equivalents, debt securities and equity investments that are subject to various market risks.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022, we had cash, cash equivalents, debt securities, and current equity investments of $137.7 million. Debt securities and
equity investments carry a degree of risk, as there can be no assurance that we can redeem them at any time and that our investment managers
will be able to accurately predict the course of price movements and, in general, the securities markets have in recent years been characterized
by great volatility and unpredictability. As a result of these different market risks, our holdings of cash, cash equivalents, debt securities
and equity investments could be materially and adversely affected.</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial
results, and current and potential stockholders may lose confidence in our financial reporting which could have a negative effect on
the trading price of our stock.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are required by the Securities and Exchange Commission to establish and maintain adequate internal control over financial reporting that
provides reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. We are likewise required, on a quarterly basis, to evaluate the effectiveness
of our internal controls and to disclose any changes and material weaknesses in those internal controls. A material weakness is a deficiency,
or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material
misstatement of the company&#8217;s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
cannot be certain that we will continue to maintain an effective system of internal control over our financial reporting in future periods.
Any failure to maintain such internal controls could adversely impact our ability to report our financial results on a timely and accurate
basis. If our financial statements are not accurate, investors may not have a complete understanding of our operations. Likewise, if
our financial statements are not filed on a timely basis as required by the Securities and Exchange Commission and The New York Stock
Exchange, we could face severe consequences from those authorities. In either case, there could result a material adverse effect on our
business. Inferior internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could
have a negative effect on the trading price of our stock.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Intellectual
Property, Tax, Regulatory, and Litigation Risks</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
provide communications and payment services to consumers and are therefore subject to various federal and state laws and regulations.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
a provider of communications and payment services to consumers, such as BOSS Revolution Calling or BOSS Money, we are subject to various
federal and state laws and regulations relating to the manner in which we advertise our services, describe and present the terms of our
services, and communicate with our customers and consumers in general. Compliance with these laws requires us to be constantly vigilant
as they often vary from state to state. Failure to comply with these laws could result in action being taken by federal and state agencies
or offices responsible for consumer protection, like the Federal Trade Commission, or FTC, which could have a materially adverse effect
on our results of operations, financial condition, revenues, and profits.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may be adversely affected if we fail to protect our proprietary technology.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
depend on proprietary technology and other intellectual property rights in conducting our various business operations. We rely on a combination
of patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade secret protection and contractual rights to establish and protect our proprietary rights.
Circumstances outside our control could pose a threat to our intellectual property rights. For example, effective intellectual property
protection may not be available in every country in which our products and services are distributed. Also, the efforts we have taken
to protect our proprietary rights may not be sufficient or effective enough. Any significant impairment of our intellectual property
rights could harm our business or our ability to compete. Also, protecting our intellectual property rights is costly and time consuming.
Any increase in the unauthorized use of our intellectual property could make it more expensive to do business and harm our operating
results. Failure of our patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secret protection, non-disclosure agreements and other measures to
provide protection of our technology and our intellectual property rights could enable our competitors to more effectively compete with
us and have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rapid,
significant, and disruptive technological changes impact the industries in which we operate, and we expect new services and technologies
to continue to emerge and evolve. We cannot predict the effects of technological changes on our businesses. Developing and incorporating
new technologies into our products and services may require significant investment, take considerable time, and ultimately may not be
successful.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, we may be required to litigate in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, to
determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others, or to defend against claims of infringement or invalidity. Any
such litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition, or results of operations, and there can be no assurances that we will be successful in any such litigation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may be subject to claims of infringement of intellectual property rights of others, which could have a material adverse effect on our
results of operations, financial condition, revenues, and profits.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Companies
in the telecommunications industry and other industries in which we compete own large numbers of patents, copyrights and trademarks and
frequently enter into litigation based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. As we face
increasing competition, the possibility of intellectual property claims against us grows. Although we do not believe that we infringe
upon the intellectual property rights of others, our technologies may not be able to withstand any third-party claims or rights against
their use. From time to time we may be subject to claims and legal proceedings from third parties regarding alleged infringement by us
of trademarks, copyrights, patents and other intellectual property rights. Such suits can be expensive and time consuming and could distract
us and our management from focusing on our businesses. Further, loss of such suits could result in financial burdens and the requirement
to modify our modes of operation, which could materially adversely affect our business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are subject to tax and regulatory audits which could result in the imposition of liabilities that may or may not have been reserved.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are subject to audits by taxing and regulatory authorities with respect to certain of our income and operations. These audits can cover
periods for several years prior to the date the audit is undertaken and could result in the imposition of liabilities, interest and penalties
if our positions are not accepted by the auditing entity.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
2017 FCC Form 499-A, which reports our calendar year 2016 revenue is currently under audit by the Universal Service Administrative Company,
or USAC. The Internal Audit Division of USAC issued preliminary audit findings and we have, in accordance with audit procedures, appealed
certain of the findings. We are awaiting a final decision by USAC on the preliminary audit findings. Depending on the findings contained
in the final decision, we may further appeal to the FCC. As of July 31, 2022, our accrued expenses included $33.2 million for FCC-related
regulatory fees for the year covered by the audit, as well as prior and subsequent years. If we do not properly calculate, or have not
properly calculated, the amount payable by us to the FCC, we may be subject to interest and penalties.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are subject to value added tax, or VAT, audits from time-to-time in various jurisdictions. In the conduct of such audits, we may be required
to disclose information of a sensitive nature and, in general, to modify the way we have conducted business with our distributors until
the present, which may affect our business in an adverse manner.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are also subject to audits in various jurisdictions for various other taxes, including utility excise tax, sales and use tax, communications
services tax, gross receipts tax and property tax.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
business is subject to strict regulation under federal law regarding anti-money laundering and anti-terrorist financing. Failure to comply
with such laws, or abuse of our programs for purposes of money laundering or terrorist financing, could have a material adverse impact
on our business, financial condition, and operating results.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Provisions
of the USA PATRIOT Act, the Bank Secrecy Act and other federal laws impose substantial regulations on financial institutions that are
designed to prevent money laundering and the financing of terrorist organizations. Increasing regulatory scrutiny of our industry with
respect to money laundering and terrorist financing matters could result in more aggressive enforcement of these laws or the enactment
of more onerous regulation, which could have a material adverse impact on our business. In addition, abuse of our money transfer services
or prepaid card programs for purposes of money laundering or terrorist financing, notwithstanding our efforts to prevent such abuse through
our regulatory compliance and risk management programs, could cause reputational or other harm that would have a material adverse impact
on our business, financial condition, and operating results.</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
business is subject to a wide range of laws and regulations intended to help detect and prevent illegal or illicit activity and our failure,
or the failure of one of our disbursement partners or payment processors to comply with those laws and regulations could harm our business,
financial condition, and operating results.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
money transfer and network branded prepaid card services are subject to a strict set of legal and regulatory requirements intended to
help detect and prevent money laundering, terrorist financing, fraud, and other illicit activity. The interpretation of those requirements
by judges, regulatory bodies and enforcement agencies is changing, often quickly and with little notice. Economic and trade sanctions
programs that are administered by the U.S. Treasury Department&#8217;s Office of Foreign Assets Control, or OFAC, prohibit or restrict
transactions to or from or dealings with specified countries, their governments, and in certain circumstances, with individuals and entities
that are specially designated nationals of those countries, narcotics traffickers and terrorists or terrorist organizations. As federal,
state, and foreign legislative regulatory scrutiny and enforcement action in these areas increase, we expect our costs to comply with
these requirements will increase, perhaps substantially. Failure to comply with any of these requirements by us, our regulated retailers
or our disbursement partners could result in the suspension or revocation of a money transmitter license, the limitation, suspension
or termination of our services, the seizure and/or forfeiture of our assets and/or the imposition of civil and criminal penalties, including
fines.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Furthermore,
failure by us or our agents to comply with applicable laws and regulations could also result in termination of contracts with our banks
and/or merchant payment processors. Termination of services by one of our retail banks would seriously diminish our ability to collect
funds from our BOSS Revolution agents. Likewise, termination of services by our merchant processor would negatively impact our ability
to process payments in our digital channels.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
foregoing laws and regulations are constantly evolving, unclear and inconsistent across various jurisdictions, making compliance challenging.
If we fail to update our compliance system to reflect legislative or regulatory developments, we could incur penalties. New legislation,
changes in laws or regulations, implementing rules and regulations, litigation, court rulings, changes in industry practices or standards,
changes in systems rules or requirements or other similar events could expose us to increased compliance costs, liability, reputational
damage, and could reduce the market value of our money transfer and network branded prepaid card services or render them less profitable
or obsolete.</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Dodd-Frank Act, as well as the regulations required by the Dodd-Frank Act and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau could harm us
and the scope of our activities, and could harm our operations, results of operations, and financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Dodd-Frank Act, which became law in the United States on July 21, 2010, calls for significant structural reforms and substantive regulation
across the financial services industry. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act created the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, or CFPB, whose
purpose is to issue and enforce consumer protection initiatives governing financial products and services, including money transfer services.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may be subject to examination by the CFPB, which has broad authority to enforce consumer financial laws. The CFPB has a large budget
and staff and has broad authority with respect to our money transfer service and related business. It is authorized to collect fines
and provide consumer restitution in the event of violations, engage in consumer financial education, track consumer complaints, request
data and promote the availability of financial services to underserved consumers and communities. In addition, the CFPB may adopt other
regulations governing consumer financial services, including regulations defining unfair, deceptive, or abusive acts or practices, and
new model disclosures. The CFPB&#8217;s authority to change regulations adopted in the past by other regulators, or to rescind or alter
past regulatory guidance, could increase our compliance costs and litigation exposure.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Dodd-Frank Act establishes a Financial Stability Oversight Counsel that is authorized to designate as &#8220;systemically important&#8221;
non-bank financial companies and payment systems. Companies designated under either standard will become subject to new regulation and
regulatory supervision. If we were designated under either standard, the additional regulatory and supervisory requirements could result
in costly new compliance burdens or may require changes in the way we conduct business that could harm our business, financial condition,
and operating results.</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are subject to licensing and other requirements imposed by U.S. state regulators, and the U.S. federal government. If we were found to
be subject to or in violation of any laws or regulations governing money transmitters, we could lose our licenses, be subject to liability
or be forced to change our business practices, which could harm our operations, results of operations, and financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
number of states and territories have enacted legislation regulating money transmitters, with 49 states requiring a license as of July
31, 2022. At July 31, 2022, we had obtained licenses to operate as a money transmitter in 48 U.S. states and Washington, D.C. We are
also registered as money services businesses with the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, or
FinCEN. As a licensed money transmitter, we are subject to bonding requirements, liquidity requirements, restrictions on our investment
of customer funds, reporting requirements, and inspection by state and foreign regulatory agencies. If we were found to be subject to
and in violation of any banking or money services laws or regulations, we could be subject to liability or additional restrictions, such
as increased liquidity requirements. In addition, our licenses could be revoked, or we could be forced to cease doing business or change
our practices in certain states or jurisdictions or be required to obtain additional licenses or regulatory approvals that could impose
a substantial cost on us. Regulators could also impose other regulatory orders and sanctions on us. Any change to our business practices
that makes our service less attractive to customers or prohibits use of our services by residents of a particular jurisdiction could
decrease our transaction volume and harm our business, financial condition, and operating results.</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
disbursement partners generally are regulated institutions in their home jurisdiction, and money transfers are regulated by governments
in both the United States and in the jurisdiction of the recipient. If our disbursement partners fail to comply with applicable laws,
it could harm our business., results of operations, and financial condition.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Money
transfers are regulated by state, federal and foreign governments. Many of our disbursement partners are banks that are heavily regulated
by their home jurisdictions. Our non-bank disbursement partners are also subject to money transfer regulations. We require regulatory
compliance as a condition to our continued relationship, perform due diligence on our disbursement partners, and monitor them periodically
with the goal of meeting regulatory expectations. However, there are limits to the extent to which we can monitor their regulatory compliance.
Any determination that our disbursement partners or their sub-disbursement partners have violated laws and regulations could seriously
damage our reputation, resulting in diminished revenue and profit and increased operating costs. While our services are not directly
regulated by governments outside the United States, except with respect to our Gibraltar bank as discussed below, it is possible that
in some cases we could be liable for the failure of our disbursement partners or their sub-disbursement partners to comply with laws,
which also could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDTFS
in Gibraltar is regulated by the Gibraltar FSC, and, as such, is subject to Gibraltarian and EU laws relating to financial institutions.
As an issuer of prepaid debit cards for programs operated by other entities, commonly known as program managers, IDTFS is responsible,
inter alia, for anti-money laundering laws oversight and compliance. If we were to fail to implement the requisite controls or follow
the rules and procedures mandated by the FSC and applicable law, we could be subject to regulatory fines, and even the loss of our banking
license.</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
receive, store, process and use personal information and other data, which subjects us to governmental regulation and other legal obligations
related to privacy. Our actual or perceived failure to comply with such obligations could harm our business, financial condition, and
results of operations.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
receive, store, and process personal information and other customer data, including bank account numbers, credit and debit card information,
identification numbers, and images of government identification cards. As a result, we are required to comply with the privacy provisions
of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, or the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, and the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard, or PCI DSS.
There are also numerous other federal, state, local and international laws, such as the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) and the
EU&#8217;s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), regarding privacy and the storing, sharing, use, processing, disclosure and protection
of personal information and other customer data, the scope of which are changing, subject to differing interpretations, and may be inconsistent
among different jurisdictions or conflict with other applicable rules. It is possible that these obligations may be interpreted and applied
in a manner that is inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another and may conflict with other rules or our business practices.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additionally,
with advances in computer capabilities and data protection requirements to address ongoing threats, we may be required to expend significant
capital and other resources to protect against potential security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by security breaches.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any
failure or perceived failure by us to comply with our privacy policies, our privacy-related obligations to customers or other third parties,
or our privacy-related legal obligations, or any compromise of security that results in the unauthorized release or transfer of personally
identifiable information or other customer data, may result in governmental enforcement actions, fines, or litigation. If there is a
breach of credit or debit card information that we store, we could also be liable to the issuing banks for their cost of issuing new
cards and related expenses. In addition, a significant breach could result in our being prohibited from processing transactions for any
of the relevant network organizations, such as Visa or MasterCard, which would harm our business. If any third parties with whom we work,
such as marketing partners, vendors, or developers, violate applicable laws or our policies, such violations may put our customers&#8217;
information at risk and could harm our business. Any negative publicity arising out of a data breach or failure to comply with applicable
privacy requirements could damage our reputation and cause our customers to lose trust in us, which could harm our business, results
of operations, financial position, and potential for growth.</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may be harmed by certain imminent FCC Orders and rules that effect the telecommunications marketplace.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the Telephone Robocall Abuse Criminal Enforcement and Deterrence, or TRACED, Act, Congress gave the FCC new tools to fight unwanted,
and often illegal, robocalls, the top consumer complaint reported to the FCC annually. <span style="background-color: white">The TRACED
Act required the FCC to mandate the STIR/SHAKEN caller identification framework. STIR/SHAKEN enables phone companies to verify that the
caller ID information transmitted with a call matches the caller&#8217;s real phone number. The FCC has issued a series of Orders and
adopted several rules to implement the TRACED Act. For example, by June 30, 2021, many domestic and foreign carriers must register with
the FCC specifically for TRACED Act compliance. Initially, the FCC concluded that by September 28, 2021, we and other similarly situated
carriers would not be able to accept certain IP-based telecommunications traffic from foreign and domestic carrier partners unless those
carriers are registered with the FCC. However, the FCC temporarily suspended this obligation while it reconsiders its impact. We believe
the FCC will eventually reinstate the rule or implement a new rule that will have a comparable impact upon us and the industry as a whole.
We also believe the FCC will continue to address and refine its rules in this area. Of equal importance, carriers such as us have the
right to &#8220;sign&#8221; their traffic, effectively attesting that the traffic they are transmitting is not illegal robocalls.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; color: #222222"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">The
FCC&#8217;s rules present several concerns to all carriers. Notably, the rules extend to many foreign carriers, and it is unclear whether
foreign carriers will be sufficiently educated and experienced to implement U.S. rules and regulations. Foreign carrier compliance, or
the lack thereof, could impact U.S. carriers as they seek to meet their own regulatory obligations. There may also be changes in the
marketplace as foreign carriers may look to limit U.S. carrier partners to whom they transmit calls for termination in the U.S. that
are subject to the STIR/SHAKEN rules.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; color: #222222"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
Canada, the CRTC is implementing near-identical STIR/SHAKEN rules as the FCC is implementing in the U.S. although it is not apparent
whether the Canadian regulator will punish service providers who fail to meet their obligations with the zealousness of the U.S. regulator.
We find it likely that additional national communications regulators will implement similar, if not identical, STIR/SHAKEN legislation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">We
anticipate meeting our regulatory obligations under the STIR/SHAKEN rules and we are undertaking efforts to prevent us from being harmed
by potential changes in the marketplace. Nevertheless, the FCC&#8217;s rules allow for the possibility that well-prepared carriers with
anti-robocalling procedures in place may fail and be punished for their failure, despite their best efforts. Moreover, because the STIR/SHAKEN
rules may have a significant impact on the telecommunications marketplace, it is difficult to predict their outcome. We are prepared
for the implementation of STIR/SHAKEN but are concerned about its impact on the market as a whole and on us specifically. </span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Federal
and state regulations may be passed that could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
ability to provide VoIP communications services at attractive rates arises in large part from the fact that VoIP services are not currently
subject to the same level of regulation as traditional, switch-based telephony. The use of the Internet and private IP networks to provide
voice communications services is largely unregulated within the United States, although several foreign governments have adopted laws
and/or regulations that could restrict or prohibit the provision of voice communications services over the Internet or private IP networks.
In the United States, the California PUC has initiated a proceeding under which we believe the PUC will expand its authority to regulate
interconnected VOIP. Other states are near-certain to follow the California PUC&#8217;s lead. If interconnected VoIP services become
subject to state regulation and/or additional regulation by the FCC, such regulation will likely lead to higher costs and reduce or eliminate
the competitive advantage interconnected VoIP holds, by virtue of its lesser regulatory oversight, over traditional telecommunications
services. More aggressive regulation of the Internet in general, and Internet telephony providers and services specifically, may materially
and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
ability to offer services outside of the United States is subject to the local regulatory environment, which may be unfavorable, complicated,
and often uncertain.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Regulatory
treatment outside the United States varies from country to country. We distribute our products and services through resellers that may
be subject to telecommunications regulations in their home countries. The failure of these resellers to comply with these laws and regulations
could reduce our revenue and profitability or expose us to audits and other regulatory proceedings. Regulatory developments such as these
could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
many countries in which we operate, or our services are sold, the status of the laws that may relate to our services is unclear. We cannot
be certain that our customers, resellers, or other affiliates are currently in compliance with regulatory or other legal requirements
in their respective countries, that they or we will be able to comply with existing or future requirements, and/or that they or we will
continue in compliance with any requirements. Our failure or the failure of those with whom we transact business to comply with these
requirements could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">While
we expect additional regulation of our industry in some or all of these areas, and we expect continuing changes in the regulatory environment
as new and proposed regulations are reviewed, revised and amended, we cannot predict with certainty what impact new laws in these areas
will have on us, if any.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
VoIP services are subject to regulation in the United States and Canada. Future legislative, regulatory, or judicial actions could adversely
affect net2phone&#8217;s business and expose it to liability and limit its growth potential.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
United States and Canada have applied some traditional telephone company regulations to VoIP and continue to evaluate how VoIP should
be regulated, as are other countries as we expand globally. The effects of future regulatory developments are uncertain. At the federal
level in the United States, the FCC has imposed certain telecommunications regulations on VoIP services including, but not limited to:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Requirements
                                            to provide E-911 service;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Communications
                                            Assistance for Law Enforcement Act obligations;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Obligation
                                            to support Universal Service;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Customer
                                            Proprietary Network Information, or CPNI, requirements;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disability
                                            access obligations;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Local
                                            Number Portability requirements; and</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consumer
                                            protection, including protection from unwanted telemarketing and other calls.</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
Canada, the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission, or CRTC, regulates VoIP Service. These regulated services are
similar to those regulated in the United States discussed above. We are subject to a variety of other federal, state and international
laws and regulations as well as oversight from a variety of governmental agencies and public service commissions. The laws governing
our business may change in ways that harm our business. Federal, state or international governmental agencies administering and enforcing
such laws may also choose to interpret and apply them in ways that harm our business. These interpretations are also subject to change.
Regulatory action could materially impair or force us to change our business model and may adversely affect our revenue, increase our
compliance costs, and reduce our profitability. In addition, governmental agencies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission, Internal
Revenue Service, FTC, FCC, and state taxing authorities may conclude that we have violated federal laws, state laws or other rules and
regulations, and we could be subject to fines, penalties or other actions that could adversely impact our financial results or our ability
to conduct business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are subject to legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business that may have a material adverse effect on our business, results
of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Various
legal proceedings that have arisen or may arise in the ordinary course of business have not been finally adjudicated, which may have
a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition (see Note 23 to our Consolidated Financial
Statements in Item 8 to Part II of this Annual Report).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
telecommunications services are required to comply with industry standards, FCC regulations, privacy laws as well as certain state and
local jurisdiction specific regulations. Failure to comply with existing laws and any new laws that may become applicable to us may subject
us to penalties, increase our operation costs, and may also require us to modify existing products and/or service.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acceptance of telecommunications services is dependent upon our meeting certain industry standards. We are required to comply with certain
rules and regulations of the FCC regarding safety standards. Standards are continuously being modified and replaced. As standards evolve,
we may be required to modify our existing products or develop and support new versions of our products. We must comply with certain federal,
state, and local requirements regarding how we interact with our customers, including marketing practices, consumer protection, privacy,
and billing issues, the provision of 9-1-1 emergency service and the quality of service we provide to our customers. The failure of our
products and services to comply, or delays in compliance, with various existing and evolving standards could delay future offerings and
impact our revenues and profitability. Changes to the Universal Service Fund by the FCC or various state Universal Service Funds may
require us to increase our costs which could negatively affect revenue and profitability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are subject to Federal laws and FCC regulations that require us to protect customer information. While we have protections in place to
protect customer information there is no assurance that our systems will not be subject to failure or intentional fraudulent attack.
The failure to protect required information could subject us to penalties and diminish the confidence our customers have in our systems,
which could negatively affect results. While we try to comply with all applicable data protection laws, regulations, standards, and codes
of conduct, as well as our own posted privacy policies and contractual commitments to the extent possible, any failure by us to protect
our customers&#8217; privacy and data, including as a result of our systems being compromised by hacking or other malicious or surreptitious
activity, could result in a loss of customer confidence in our services and ultimately in a loss of customers, which could materially
and adversely affect our business as well as subject us to law suits, civil fines and criminal penalties.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Governmental
entities, class action lawyers and consumer advocates are reviewing the data collection and use by companies that must maintain such
data. Our own requirements as well as regulatory codes of conduct, enforcement actions by regulatory agencies, and lawsuits by other
parties could impose additional compliance costs on us as well as subject us to unknown potential liabilities. These evolving laws, rules
and practices may also curtail our current business activities, which may delay or affect our ability to become profitable as well as
affect customers and other business opportunities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, several foreign countries and governmental bodies, including the EU, Brazil and Canada, have laws and regulations concerning
the collection and use of personally identifiable information obtained from their residents, including payment card information, which
are often more restrictive than those in the U.S. Laws and regulations in these jurisdictions apply broadly to the collection, use, storage,
disclosure and security of personally identifiable information, including payment card information identifying, or which may be used
to identify, an individual, such as names, email addresses and, in some jurisdictions, IP addresses, device identifiers and other data.
As we conduct business or become deemed to conduct business in foreign jurisdictions, including through websites that we host that may
be available in these locations, we may become subject to those laws and regulations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are also subject to the privacy and data protection-related obligations in our contracts with our customers and other third parties.
Any failure, or perceived failure, to comply with federal, state, or international laws, or to comply with our contractual obligations
related to privacy, could result in proceedings or actions against us which could result in significant liability to us as well as harm
to our reputation. Additionally, third parties with whom we contract may violate or appear to violate laws or regulations which could
subject us to the same risks. Any new laws, regulations, other legal obligations or industry standards, or any changed interpretation
of existing laws, regulations or other standards may require us to incur additional costs and restrict our business operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
collection, processing, storage, use, and transmission of personal data could give rise to liabilities as a result of governmental regulation,
conflicting legal requirements, differing views on data privacy, or security breaches.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
engage in electronic billing and processing of our customers using secure transmission of sometimes confidential information over public
networks. We have systems and processes in place that we deem sufficient and industry standard that are designed to protect consumer
information and prevent fraudulent credit card transactions and other security breaches. However, there is no guarantee that such systems
and processes will not experience a failure. Our failure to protect against fraud or breaches may subject us to costly breach notification
and other mitigation obligations, class action lawsuits, investigations, fines, forfeitures, or penalties from governmental agencies
that could adversely affect our operating results. We may be unable to prevent our customers from fraudulently receiving goods and services.
Personal data is increasingly subject to legal and regulatory protections around the world, which vary widely in approach and which possibly
conflict with one another. In recent years, for example, U.S. legislators and regulatory agencies, such as the FTC, as well as U.S. states
have increased their focus on protecting personal data by law and regulation and have increased enforcement actions for violations of
privacy and data protection requirements. As of January 1, 2020, the CCPA requires, among other things, covered companies to provide
new disclosures to California consumers, and afford such consumers new abilities to opt-out of certain sales of personal information.
While we believe that we are not a covered entity under the law, the effects of the CCPA potentially are significant, and may require
us to modify our data processing practices and policies and to incur substantial costs and expenses in an effort to comply. We may also
from time to time be subject to, or face assertions that we are subject to, additional obligations relating to personal data by contract
or due to assertions that self-regulatory obligations or industry standards apply to our practices.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may also experience losses due to customer fraud and theft of service, such as fraudulent credit card transactions. Customers have, in
the past, obtained access to our service without paying for monthly service and international toll calls by unlawfully using fraudulently
obtained codes. If our existing anti-fraud procedures are not adequate or effective, consumer fraud and theft of service could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
GDPR and the Data Protection Act in the United Kingdom are intended to protect the privacy and security of personal data, including credit
card information that is collected, processed, and transmitted in or from the relevant jurisdiction. We stopped hosting websites in GDPR-complaint
countries or countries from which the bulk of business came from countries subject to GDPR. We also took steps to block those countries
from accessing any other sites we host. While we do not currently provide services in countries where compliance would be required and
are therefore not required to be compliant, if we did provide those services or otherwise were required to become complaint, implementation
of and compliance with these laws and regulations may be more costly or take longer than we anticipate, or could otherwise adversely
affect our business operations, which could negatively impact our financial position or cash flows.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additionally,
media coverage of data breaches has escalated, in part because of the increased number of enforcement actions, investigations, and lawsuits.
As this focus and attention on privacy and data protection increases, we also risk exposure to potential liabilities and costs resulting
from compliance with or any failure to comply with applicable legal requirements, conflicts among these legal requirements, or differences
in approaches to privacy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
could fail to comply with requirements for debit card, credit card, and other digital payment methods, which could have a material adverse
effect on our revenues, results of operations, and financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
significant and increasing portion of our transactions are processed using debit cards, credit cards, and other digital payment methods.
The banks, credit card companies, networks, and other payment processing providers impose strict regulatory, compliance, system, and
other requirements to participate in such parties&#8217; payment systems. We are required to comply with the privacy provisions of various
federal and state privacy statutes and regulations, and the PCI DSS, each of which is subject to change at any time. Compliance with
PCI DSS does not guarantee a completely secure environment and notwithstanding the results of this assessment there can be no assurance
that payment card brands will not request further compliance assessments or set forth additional requirements to maintain access to credit
card processing services. Compliance with PCI DSS is an ongoing effort, and the requirements evolve as new threats are identified. Compliance
with these requirements is often difficult and costly, and our failure, or our counterparty&#8217;s failure, to comply may result in
significant fines or civil penalties, regulatory enforcement action, liability under or termination of necessary agreements, each of
which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and/or operations and that of our distributors who could be liable
as well.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Further,
our payment services are subject to stringent requirements by regulators and trade organizations in various jurisdictions. Our payment
services unit is subject to federal and state banking regulations, and we are also subject to further regulation by those states in which
we are licensed as a money transmitter. We may not be able to comply with all such requirements in a timely manner or remain in compliance.
If we are not in compliance, we could be subject to penalties or the termination of our rights to participate in such payment systems
or provide such services, which could have a material negative impact on our ability to grow our businesses and our revenues and profits.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
face risks in our sales to certain market segments including, but not limited to, sales subject to HIPAA Regulations.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
customers can use our services to store contact and other personal or identifying information, and to process, transmit, receive, store
and retrieve a variety of communications and messages, including information about their own customers and other contacts. In addition,
customers may use our services to store protected health information, or PHI, that is protected under the Health Insurance Portability
and Accountability Act, or HIPAA. We have sold and will continue to attempt to sell to certain customer segments which may have requirements
for additional privacy or security. In addition, sales may be made to customers that are subject to additional security requirements.
Selling into segments with additional requirements increases potential liability which in some instances may be unlimited. While we believe
we meet or exceed all requirements for sales into such segments, there is no assurance that our systems fully comply with all requirements.
Noncompliance with laws and regulations relating to privacy and HIPAA may lead to significant fines, penalties or civil liability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
ability to offer services outside the United States is subject to different regulations which may be unknown and uncertain.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Regulatory
treatment of VoIP providers outside the United States varies from country to country, and local jurisdictions. Many times, the laws are
vague, unclear and regulations are not enforced uniformly. We are licensed as a VoIP seller in our international markets and are considering
expanding to other countries. We also cannot control if our customers take their devices out of the United States and use them abroad.
Our resellers may sell to customers who maintain facilities outside the United States. The failure by us or our customers and resellers
to comply with laws and regulations could reduce our revenue and profitability. As we expand to additional countries there may be additional
regulations that we are required to comply with, the failure to comply or properly assess regulations may subject us to penalties, fines
and other actions which could materially affect our business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Examinations
by relevant tax authorities may result in material changes in related tax reserves for tax positions taken in previously filed tax returns
or may impact the valuation of certain deferred income tax assets, such as net operating loss carry-forwards.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Based
on the outcome of examinations by relevant tax authorities, or as a result of the expiration of statutes of limitations for specific
jurisdictions, it is reasonably possible that the related tax reserves for tax positions taken regarding previously filed tax returns
will materially change from those recorded in our financial statements. In addition, the outcome of examinations may impact the valuation
of certain deferred income tax assets (such as net operating loss carry-forwards) in future periods. It is not possible to estimate the
impact of the amount of such changes, if any, to previously recorded uncertain tax positions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
may be a negative effect to our business going forward because of changes to net neutrality.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
principle that Internet service providers should treat all Internet communications equally, and not charge users different rates for
various tiers of service or prioritize certain traffic while blocking or slowing down others, is called net neutrality. On January 4,
2018, the FCC released an order that largely repealed prior FCC rules that prevented broadband internet access providers from degrading
or otherwise disrupting a broad range of services provisioned over consumers&#8217; and enterprises&#8217; broadband internet access
lines. Many of the largest providers of broadband services, like cable companies and traditional telephone companies, have publicly stated
that they will not degrade or disrupt their customers&#8217; use of applications and services, like ours. However, there was no guarantee
that they will not do so in the future. If such providers were to degrade, impair, or block our services, it would negatively impact
our ability to provide services to our customers, and we would likely lose revenue and profits. We would probably incur legal fees in
an attempt to restore our customers&#8217; access to our services. Broadband internet access providers may also attempt to charge us
or our customers additional fees to access services like ours that may result in the loss of customers and revenue, or increase our costs
thereby reducing our profitability, or make our services less competitive if we increase our rates to our customers. President Biden
and numerous Senators have criticized the current status of net neutrality, at this time we are not aware if there will be legislation
that might reimpose the prior regulations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Following
the adoption of the January 4, 2018 order, a number of states passed laws establishing rules similar to those that existed prior to the
effective date of the January 4, 2018 order. However, we cannot rely on those state laws because of the uncertainty as to whether states
have the authority to establish rules that could be interpreted to conflict with the January 4, 2018 order. The U.S. Department of Justice
has taken the position that local authorities do not have the authority to contradict the FCC&#8217;s January 4, 2018 order. We cannot
predict the ultimate outcome of these disputes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">States
are adding regulation for VoIP providers which could increase our costs and change certain aspects of our service.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
states take the position that offerings by VoIP providers may include intrastate communications and should therefore be subject to state
regulation including state taxes or surcharges. We have registered as an interconnected VoIP provider in those states where registration
is required; however, our rates are not regulated in the same manner as traditional telephone service providers. We believe that the
FCC has pre-empted states from regulating VoIP providers in the same manner as providers of traditional telecommunications services.
We cannot predict how this issue will be resolved or its impact on our business at this time.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Taxing
authorities may successfully assert that we should have collected or in the future should collect sales and use, value added, or similar
taxes, and any such assessments could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Jurisdictions
in which we do not collect sales, use, value added, or similar taxes on VoIP services or other products may assert that such taxes are
applicable, which could result in tax assessments, penalties, and interest, and we may be required to collect such taxes in the future.
Such tax assessments, penalties, interest, or future requirements could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Further, in June 2018, the Supreme Court held in <i>South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc.</i> that states could impose sales tax collection obligations
on out-of-state sellers even if those sellers lack any physical presence within the states imposing the sales taxes. Under <i>Wayfair</i>,
a person requires only a &#8220;substantial nexus&#8221; with the taxing state before the state may subject the person to sales tax collection
obligations therein. An increasing number of states (both before and after the publication of <i>Wayfair</i>) have considered or adopted
laws that attempt to impose sales tax collection obligations on out-of-state sellers. The Supreme Court&#8217;s <i>Wayfair</i> decision
has removed a significant impediment to the enactment and enforcement of these laws, and it is possible that states may seek to tax out-of-state
sellers on sales that occurred in prior tax years, which could create additional administrative burdens for us, put us at a competitive
disadvantage if such states do not impose similar obligations on our competitors, and decrease our future sales, which would adversely
impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risks
Related to Our Capital Structure</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Holders
of our Class B common stock have significantly less voting power than holders of our Class A common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Holders
of our Class B common stock are entitled to one-tenth of a vote per share on all matters on which our stockholders are entitled to vote,
while holders of our Class A common stock are entitled to three votes per share. As a result, the ability of holders of our Class B common
stock to influence our management is limited.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Eight
trusts for the benefit of sons and daughters of Howard S. Jonas, our Chairman and Chairman of the Board, hold shares that, in the aggregate,
represent more than a majority of the combined voting power of our outstanding capital stock, which may limit the ability of other stockholders
to affect our management.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Howard
S. Jonas serves as our Chairman, which is an executive officer position, and our Chairman of the Board, which is a Board of Directors
position. As of October 12, 2022, eight trusts for the benefit of children of Howard S. Jonas (the &#8220;Trusts&#8221;), collectively
have voting power over 1,574,326 shares of our Class A common stock, (which is all the issued and outstanding shares of the Class A common
stock), which are convertible into shares of our Class B common stock on a 1-for-1 basis, and 2,382,371 shares of our Class B common
stock, representing approximately 69.7% of the combined voting power of our outstanding capital stock, as of October 12, 2022. Each
of the Trusts has a different, independent trustee. In addition, as of October 12, 2022, The HSJ 2020 IDT Annuity Trust holds 1,811,711
shares of our Class B common stock and The HSJ 2022 Annuity Trust holds 608,092 shares of our Class B common stock. Both of these trusts
have an independent trustee.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Howard
S. Jonas does not have the right to direct or control the voting of the shares of our common stock that is held by the Trusts, and the
independent trustees hold sole voting and dispositive power over the common stock held by the Trusts. However, he is the trustor of the
trusts and is the father of each of the beneficiaries of the Trusts and his views may be taken into account by the trustees and others
related to the Trusts. In addition, he is our founder and has served as an executive officer, including our Chief Executive Officer,
for a very significant time period. The members of the Board and management often look to him for guidance on major financial, operational,
and strategic matters.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are not aware of any voting agreement between or among any of the Trusts and/or Howard S. Jonas, but if such a voting agreement or other
similar arrangement exists or were to be consummated, if all or several of the Trusts were to act in concert, or if we issued additional
Class A common stock, certain or all of the Trusts and/or Howard S. Jonas along with holders of the Class A common stock would be able
to control matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including the election of all of the directors, amendment of organizational
documents and the approval of significant corporate transactions, including any merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially
all of our assets. As a result, the ability of any of our other stockholders to influence our management may be limited. In addition,
our dual class structure has an anti-takeover effect, and accordingly, the holders of the shares of Class A common stock have the ability
to prevent any change in control transactions that may otherwise be in the best interest of stockholders.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="la_001"></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">Item
1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.</span></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_002"></span>Item
2. Properties.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
headquarters is located in a building in Newark, New Jersey that was previously owned by Rafael Holdings. We lease approximately 80,000
square feet of office space plus a portion of the 800-car public parking garage located across the street from the building. We also
lease approximately 3,600 square feet of office space in Jerusalem, Israel that was also previously owned by Rafael Holdings. The Newark
lease expires in April 2025 and the Israel lease expires in July 2025.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
lease space in New York, New York for corporate purposes as well as a number of other locations in metropolitan areas. These leased spaces
are utilized primarily to house telecommunications equipment and retail operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
maintain our European headquarters in London, England. We also maintain other international office locations and telecommunications facilities
in regions of Europe, Latin America, the Middle East, Asia, and Africa where we conduct operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_003"></span>Item
3. Legal Proceedings.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal
proceedings disclosure is presented in Note 23 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 to Part II of this Annual Report.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_004"></span>Item
4. Mine Safety Disclosures.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not
applicable.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_005"></span>Part
II</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="la_006"></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">Item
5. Market for Registrant&#8217;s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Class B common stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol &#8220;IDT.&#8221;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
October 12, 2022, there were 270 holders of record of our Class B common stock and eight holders of record of our Class A common
stock. All shares of Class A common stock are beneficially owned by eight trusts for the benefit of children of Howard S. Jonas, our
Chairman, and the Chairman of the Board. The number of holders of record of our Class B common stock does not include the number of
persons whose shares are in nominee or in &#8220;street name&#8221; accounts through brokers. On October 12, 2022, the last sales
price reported on the New York Stock Exchange for the Class B common stock was $26.97 per share.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2018, our Board of Directors discontinued our quarterly dividend, electing instead to repurchase shares of our Class B common
stock when warranted by market conditions, available resources, and our business outlook and results, as well as to invest in our growth
business initiatives. Accordingly, no dividends were paid in fiscal 2022 or fiscal 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
information required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K will be contained in our Proxy Statement for our Annual Stockholders Meeting, which
we will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after July 31, 2022, and which is incorporated by reference
herein.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Performance
Graph of Stock</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><img src="form10-k_001.jpg" alt="" style="height: 418.5pt; width: 7in" /></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides information with respect to purchases by us of our shares during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total<br />
    Number of<br /> Shares<br /> Purchased</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Average<br />
    Price<br /> per Share</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Maximum
    Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans<br /> or Programs(1)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">May
    1 &#8211; 31, 2022</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,768,497</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    1 &#8211; 30, 2022</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">347,835</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23.67</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">347,835</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,420,662</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">July
    1 &#8211; 31, 2022</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">206,909</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24.84</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">206,909</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,213,753</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">554,744</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24.11</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">554,744</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -24pt"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -24pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -24pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
                                            January 22, 2016, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program to purchase
                                            up to 8.0 million shares of our Class B common stock.</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.2in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_007"></span>Item
6. [Reserved]</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_008"></span>Item
7. Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
Annual Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including statements that contain the words &#8220;believes,&#8221; &#8220;anticipates,&#8221; &#8220;expects,&#8221;
&#8220;plans,&#8221; &#8220;intends&#8221; and similar words and phrases. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties
that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results projected in any forward-looking statement. In addition to the
factors specifically noted in the forward-looking statements, other important factors, risks and uncertainties that could result in those
differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed under Item 1A to Part I &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; in this Annual Report.
The forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this Annual Report, and we assume no obligation to update the forward-looking
statements, or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Investors
should consult all of the information set forth in this report and the other information set forth from time to time in our reports filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including
our reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in Item 8 of
this Annual Report.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of America, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the
reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses as well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Critical
accounting estimates are estimates made in accordance with U.S. GAAP that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and have
had, or are reasonably likely to have, a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. Our critical accounting
estimates include those related to goodwill impairment testing, valuation of long-lived assets, allowance for doubtful accounts receivable,
and income taxes, sales taxes, and regulatory agency fees. See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 to Part II of
this Annual Report for a complete discussion of our significant accounting policies.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Goodwill
Impairment Testing</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Goodwill
is not amortized in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Instead, goodwill is reviewed annually for impairment at a level of reporting referred
to as a reporting unit. A reporting unit is an operating segment, or one level below the operating segment, depending on whether certain
criteria are met.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
annual assessment date is May 1. An interim impairment test would be required whenever events or circumstances make it more likely than
not that an impairment may have occurred. The goodwill impairment test compares the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying
amount. We would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit&#8217;s fair value;
however, the loss recognized would not exceed the total amount of goodwill. Additionally, we consider income tax effects from any tax-deductible
goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment
test. However, we may elect to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test even if no indications of a potential impairment exist.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
goodwill was $26.4 million at July 31, 2022, of which $11.1 million was in our Retail Communications reporting unit, $9.7 million was
in our net2phone reporting unit, $3.2 million was in our Fintech reporting unit, and $2.4 million was in our Mobile Top-Up reporting
unit. Our goodwill was $14.9 million at July 31, 2021, of which $11.4 million was in our Retail Communications reporting unit, $1.5 million
was in our net2phone reporting unit, and $2.0 million was in our Mobile Top-Up reporting unit.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
our annual goodwill impairment tests as of May 1, 2022 and 2021, we performed qualitative assessments for all of our reporting units
that indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting units exceeded their respective carrying values
and, therefore, did not result in an impairment. In addition, we do not believe we are currently at risk of goodwill impairment. Our
qualitative assessments considered several factors including (i) the business enterprise value of the reporting unit from the last quantitative
test at May 1, 2020 and the excess of the fair value over carrying value, (ii) macroeconomic conditions including changes in interest
rates and discount rates, (iii) industry and market considerations including industry revenue, EBITDA margins, and multiples based on
business enterprise value to revenues and to EBITDA, and (iv) the recent financial performance and budget of the reporting unit, as well
as other factors.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
our quantitative assessment, we calculate the fair value of the reporting unit using a discounted cash flow method as a form of the income
approach, and a market approach that incorporates comparative multiples to corroborate discounted cash flow results. The discounted cash
flow method is based on the present value of projected cash flows and a terminal value. The terminal value represents the expected normalized
future cash flows of the reporting unit beyond the projection period. We use a discount rate based on the weighted-average cost of capital
of comparable companies by Standard Industrial Classification, or SIC, code that represents our estimate of the expected return a marketplace
participant would have required.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Calculating
the fair value of a reporting unit requires significant estimates and assumptions by management. The key assumptions and judgments underlying
our quantitative assessment include the discount rates and terminal growth rates used in our discounted cash flow analysis, the revenue
and EBITDA projections for our reporting units, estimates of future levels of gross and operating profits and capital expenditures, and
the selection of comparable companies for the market approach. Should the estimates and assumptions regarding the fair value of the reporting
units prove to be incorrect, we may be required to record impairments to goodwill in future periods.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Valuation
of Long-Lived Assets</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
test the recoverability of our long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of any
such asset may not be recoverable. Such events or changes in circumstances include:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">significant
                                            actual underperformance relative to expected performance or projected future operating results;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">significant
                                            changes in the manner or use of the asset or the strategy of our overall business;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">significant
                                            adverse changes in the business climate in which we operate; and</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">loss
                                            of a significant contract.</span></td></tr></table>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
were no such events or changes in circumstances in fiscal 2022 or fiscal 2021. If we determine that events or changes in circumstances
indicate the carrying value of certain long-lived assets may not be recoverable, we test for impairment based on the projected undiscounted
cash flows to be derived from such asset. If the projected undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset,
we will record an impairment loss based on the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of the asset. We generally
measure fair value by considering sale prices for similar assets or by discounting estimated future cash flows from the asset using an
appropriate discount rate. Cash flow projections for specific assets and fair value estimates of assets require significant estimates
and assumptions by management that have a significant level of estimation uncertainty. Should our estimates and assumptions prove to
be incorrect, we may be required to record impairments in future periods and such impairments could be material.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Allowance
for Doubtful Accounts Receivable</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
allowance for doubtful accounts was $5.9 million at July 31, 2022 and $4.4 million at July 31, 2021. The allowance for doubtful accounts
as a percentage of gross trade accounts receivable decreased to 8.4% at July 31, 2022 from 8.7% at July 31, 2021 because, at July 31,
2022 compared to July 31, 2021, gross trade accounts receivable increased 37.4% and the allowance for doubtful accounts increased 32.5%.
The most significant increases in the gross trade accounts receivable balance at July 31, 2022 compared to July 31, 2021 were in BOSS
Money and NRS.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
estimate the balance of our allowance for doubtful accounts by analyzing accounts receivable balances by age and applying historical
write-off and collection trend rates. Our estimates include separately providing for customer receivables based on specific circumstances
and credit conditions, and when it is deemed probable that the balance is uncollectible. Account balances are written off against the
allowance when it is determined that the receivable will not be recovered. Our estimates of recoverability of customer accounts may change
due to new developments, changes in assumptions or changes in our strategy, which may impact our allowance for doubtful accounts balance.
We continually assess the likelihood of potential amounts or ranges of recoverability and adjust our allowance accordingly, however,
actual collections and write-offs of trade accounts receivables may materially differ from our estimates.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Income
Taxes, Sales Taxes, and Regulatory Agency Fees</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
current and deferred income taxes and associated valuation allowance, accruals for sales taxes, and telecom regulatory agency fee accruals,
are impacted by events and transactions arising in the normal course of business as well as in connection with special and non-routine
items. Assessment of the appropriate amount of income taxes, sales taxes, and regulatory agency fees is dependent on several factors,
including estimates of the timing and realization of deferred income tax assets, judgments about the potential results of audits and
applicability of regulatory agency rules and regulations, as well as judgments and assumptions about changes in income tax, sales tax,
and regulatory agency laws, rules, or regulations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
valuation allowance on our deferred income tax assets was $11.6 million and $11.5 million at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In
fiscal 2021, we released $46.5 million of our valuation allowance on the portion of the deferred income tax assets that we are more likely
than not going to utilize. This release was mostly related to domestic deferred income tax assets. We used the framework of Accounting
Standards Codification, or ASC, <i>Income Taxes (Topic 740)</i> to determine whether the valuation allowance should be maintained or
reversed. We considered the scheduled expiration of our net operating losses included in our deferred tax assets, projected future taxable
income, and tax planning strategies in our assessment of the valuation allowance. The primary factors that resulted in the valuation
allowance release were the three consecutive years of profitability in the United States and expected future profitability in both the
United States and the United Kingdom that will utilize a significant portion of the net operating losses. Our tax planning strategies
were not a significant factor in the analysis. In fiscal 2020, due to taxable income in the United States, we utilized deferred tax assets
and released the corresponding valuation allowance to offset income tax expense of $3.5 million. In addition, in fiscal 2020, we released
an additional $8.4 million of the valuation allowance on the portion of the deferred tax assets that we are more likely than not going
to utilize because we forecasted future profitability in the United States.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. We have evaluated our state tax filings with respect to the Wayfair decision
and are in the process of reviewing our remittance practices. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that we have liability
for periods for which we have not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions were successful
it could materially and adversely affect our business, financial position, and operating results. One or more jurisdictions may change
their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to our operations, and if such changes were made it could materially
and adversely affect our business, financial position, and operating results.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
2017 FCC Form 499-A, which reports our calendar year 2016 revenue, is currently under audit by the USAC. The Internal Audit Division
of USAC issued preliminary audit findings and we have, in accordance with audit procedures, appealed certain of the findings. We are
awaiting a final decision by USAC on the preliminary audit findings. Depending on the findings contained in the final decision, we may
further appeal to the FCC. Although a final decision remains pending, we have been invoiced $2.9 million and $1.8 million on behalf of
the Federal Telecommunications Relay Services Fund and on behalf of the Universal Service Fund, respectively. We do not intend to remit
payment for these fees unless and until a negative decision on our appeal has been issued. In response to the aforementioned preliminary
audit findings, we made certain changes to our filing policies and procedures for years that remain potentially under audit. At July
31, 2022 and 2021, our accrued expenses included $33.2 million and $38.3 million, respectively, for FCC-related regulatory fees for the
year covered by the audit, as well as prior and subsequent years.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">RECENTLY
ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS NOT YET ADOPTED</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
June 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, No. 2022-03, <i>Fair Value
Measurement (Topic 820)</i>, <i>Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions,</i> that clarifies
that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security
and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value. The ASU also requires specific disclosures related to equity securities that
are subject to contractual sales restrictions. We will adopt the amendments in this ASU prospectively on August 1, 2024. We are evaluating
the impact that this ASU will have on our consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, <i>Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326)</i>, <i>Measurement of Credit Losses
on Financial Instruments,</i> that changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For receivables,
loans and other instruments, entities will be required to use a new forward-looking current expected credit loss model that generally
will result in the earlier recognition of allowance for losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, entities
will measure credit losses in a manner similar to current practice, except the losses will be recognized as allowances instead of reductions
in the amortized cost of the securities. In addition, an entity will have to disclose significantly more information about allowances,
credit quality indicators, and past due securities. The new provisions will be applied as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained
earnings. We will adopt the new standard on August 1, 2023. We are evaluating the impact that the new standard will have on our consolidated
financial statements.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
evaluate the performance of our business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations. Accordingly, the income and expense
line items below income (loss) from operations are only included in our discussion of the consolidated results of operations.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Coronavirus
Disease (COVID-19)</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
continue to monitor and respond to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of our business, including our customers, employees,
suppliers, vendors, and business partners.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operationally,
our employees transitioned to work-from-home during the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and, to a large degree, continue to work-from-home.
Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, certain of our employees returned to work in our offices on a hybrid basis. Our salespeople,
customer service employees, technicians, and delivery employees continue to serve our independent retailers, channel partners, and customers
with minimal interruption.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">COVID-19
has had mixed financial impacts on our businesses beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and continuing through the third quarter
of fiscal 2022. It drove increases in demand for our consumer offerings, principally BOSS Money, BOSS Revolution Calling and Mobile Top-Up,
through our digital channels beginning in the latter half of March 2020. Subsequently, digital transaction levels have continued to increase
relative to retailer originated transactions. Correspondingly, sales of consumer offerings originating through retailers and channel
partners slowed modestly in late March and April 2020 before stabilizing in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020. COVID-19-related demand
slowed the rate of decline in BOSS Revolution Calling revenue that we had experienced in prior periods, however, that impact was less
significant beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2022 compared to the similar periods in fiscal 2021, and the surge in demand for
voice calls that began with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic had eroded by the third quarter of fiscal 2022. NRS was immaterially impacted
by the closure of some of its retailers in the third quarter of fiscal 2020, but most re-opened quickly and many attracted increased
foot traffic following the onset of COVID-19 as local retailers were typically more accessible to pedestrian traffic than big box retailers.
The resilience of local retailers has enabled NRS to continue to expand sales of terminals, payment processing, and advertising services.
IDT Global&#8217;s revenue, which had been declining as communications globally transition away from traditional international long-distance
voice, declined more rapidly following the onset of COVID-19 as business communications shifted from calling to video conferencing and
other collaboration platforms.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the transition from offices to a more flexible workforce increased the demand for net2phone&#8217;s
offerings. Customers transitioned from their on-premises phone system to net2phone&#8217;s cloud solution, ported their phone numbers,
and quickly set-up their employees to work remotely. In April 2020, the release of Huddle, net2phone&#8217;s integrated video conferencing
solution, significantly improved net2phone&#8217;s functionality for remote work, which also increased the demand for its services. COVID-19
had mixed financial impacts on net2phone&#8217;s business beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2020. Its customer base growth slowed
somewhat in the second half of fiscal 2020 in certain Latin American markets due to decreased levels of economic activity in those markets.
However, Latin American sales rebounded in the first quarter of fiscal 2021 and sales have remained strong in its United States and Canadian
markets.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of the date of this Annual Report, including the impact of COVID-19, we expect that our cash from operations and the balance of cash,
cash equivalents, debt securities, and current equity investments that we held on July 31, 2022 will be sufficient to meet our currently
anticipated working capital and capital expenditure requirements during fiscal 2023. However, the situation remains fluid and we cannot
predict with certainty the potential impact of COVID-19 on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Concentration
of Customers</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
most significant customers typically include telecom operators to whom we provide wholesale services and distributors of our retail calling
products. While they may vary from quarter to quarter, our five largest customers collectively accounted for 12.5%, 14.5%, and 12.7%
of our consolidated revenues in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively. Our customers with the five largest receivables
balance collectively accounted for 17.3% and 9.7% of our consolidated gross trade accounts receivable at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
This concentration of customers increases our risk associated with nonpayment by those customers. In an effort to reduce our risk, we
perform ongoing credit evaluations of our significant customers, and in some cases, do not offer credit terms to customers, choosing
instead to require prepayment. Historically, when we have issued credit, we have not required collateral to support trade accounts receivables
from our customers. However, when necessary, we have imposed stricter credit restrictions on our customers. In some cases, this has resulted
in our sharply curtailing, or ceasing completely, sales to certain customers. We attempt to mitigate our credit risk related to specific
IDT Global customers by also buying services from the customer, in order to create an opportunity to offset our payables and receivables
with the customer. In this way, we can continue to sell services to these customers while reducing our receivable exposure risk. When
it is practical to do so, we will increase our purchases from IDT Global customers with receivable balances that exceed our applicable
payables in order to maximize the offset and reduce our credit risk.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Explanation
of Performance Metrics</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
results of operations discussion include the following performance metrics: active POS terminals, payment processing accounts, recurring
revenue, subscriber seats, subscription revenue, and minutes of use.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
uses two metrics, among others, to measure the size of its customer base: active POS terminals and payment processing accounts. Active
POS terminals are the number of POS terminals that have completed at least one transaction in the calendar month. It excludes POS terminals
that are being installed. Payment processing accounts are NRS PAY accounts that can generate revenue. It excludes accounts that have
been approved but not activated. NRS&#8217; recurring revenue is NRS&#8217; revenue in accordance with U.S. GAAP, excluding its revenue
from POS terminal sales.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
cloud communications offerings are priced on a per-seat basis, with customers paying based on the number of users in their organization.
net2phone&#8217;s subscription revenue is its revenue in accordance with U.S. GAAP excluding its equipment revenue and revenue generated
by a legacy SIP trunking offering in Brazil.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
trends and comparisons between periods for the number of active POS terminals, NRS PAY accounts, seats served, recurring revenue, and
subscription revenue are used in the analysis of NRS&#8217; or net2phone&#8217;s revenues and direct cost of revenues and are strong
indications of the top-line growth and performance of the business.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Minutes
of use is a nonfinancial metric that measures aggregate customer usage during a reporting period. Minutes of use is an important factor
in BOSS Revolution Calling&#8217;s and IDT Global&#8217;s revenue recognition since satisfaction of our performance obligation occurs
when the customer uses our service. Minutes of use trends and comparisons between periods are used in the analysis of revenues and direct
cost of revenues.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Year
Ended July 31, 2022 compared to Year Ended July 31, 2021 and Year Ended July 31, 2021 compared to Year Ended July 31, 2020</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, a line of business was reclassified to the net2phone segment from the Traditional Communications segment. Comparative
segment information has been reclassified and restated in all periods to conform to the current period presentation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table sets forth certain items in our statements of income as a percentage of our total revenues:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Year
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Traditional
    Communications</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">87.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">91.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">93.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">TOTAL
    REVENUES</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">COSTS
    AND EXPENSES:</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Direct
    cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">75.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">79.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">80.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling,
    general and administrative</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">18.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">15.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">16.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation
    and amortization</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Severance</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">TOTAL
    COSTS AND EXPENSES</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">95.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">96.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">98.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    operating (expense) gain, net</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">INCOME
    FROM OPERATIONS</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest
    income, net</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fintech
Segment</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fintech,
which represented 8.0%, 5.1%, and 4.5% of our total revenues in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively, is comprised
of BOSS Money, a provider of international money remittance and related value/payment transfer services, and NRS, an operator of a nationwide
POS network providing payment processing, digital advertising, transaction data, and ancillary services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Year
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues:</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 29%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BOSS
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">107.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">106.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">108.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">74.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">59.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">34.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">46.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Direct
    cost of revenues</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(32.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(26.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(19.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">36.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling,
    general and administrative</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(68.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(47.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(35.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">20.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">41.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">33.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation
    and amortization</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">55.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income
    (loss) from operations</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(143.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)%</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenues.
</i>Revenues from BOSS Money increased in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 compared to the prior fiscal year primarily because of increased
transaction volume in BOSS Money&#8217;s direct-to-consumer digital and retail channels. The revenue increase in fiscal 2022 compared
to fiscal 2021was partially offset by the lack of revenue from transient foreign exchange market conditions that materially improved
BOSS Money&#8217;s revenues in fiscal 2021 but ceased by the end of the second quarter of fiscal 2021. The revenue increase in fiscal
2021 compared to fiscal 2020 also included the diminished benefit from transient foreign exchange market conditions in fiscal 2021 compared
to fiscal 2020. BOSS Money continues to benefit from its integration into the BOSS Revolution Calling app in October 2021, as well as
the continued expansion of its disbursement networks, particularly in Africa and the Caribbean.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
from NRS increased in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 compared to the prior fiscal year driven primarily by the expansion of its POS network,
and revenue growth from its payment processing services and digital out-of-home advertising. NRS&#8217; recurring revenue increased 129%
to $45.3 million in fiscal 2022 from $19.8 million in fiscal 2021 and increased 132% in fiscal 2021 from $8.5 million in fiscal 2020.
Active POS terminals increased 38% to 19,400 at July 31, 2022 from 14,000 at July 31, 2021 and increased 40% at July 31, 2021 from 10,000
at July 31, 2020. Payment processing accounts increased 77% to 10,300 at July 31, 2022 from 5,800 at July 31, 2021 and increased 133%
at July 31, 2021 from 2,500 at July 31, 2020.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Direct
Cost of Revenues.</i> BOSS Money&#8217;s direct cost of revenues increased in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 due to increased direct
cost of revenues in its direct-to-consumer digital and retail channels, which reflected the increase in BOSS Money&#8217;s revenue. BOSS
Money&#8217;s direct cost of revenues increased in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020 primarily due to increased direct cost of revenues
in its direct-to-consumer channel, which reflected the increase in BOSS Money&#8217;s direct-to-consumer channel&#8217;s revenue.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS&#8217;
direct cost of revenues increased in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 compared to the prior fiscal year primarily due to the increases in
its revenues in such periods.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Selling,
General and Administrative.</i> Selling, general and administrative expense increased in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 primarily
due to increases in sales commissions, employee compensation, stock-based compensation, and debit and credit card processing charges.
Selling, general and administrative expense increased in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020 primarily due to increases in employee compensation,
debit and credit card processing charges, sales commissions, and marketing expense. The increases in card processing charges were the
result of increased credit and debit card transactions through our BOSS Money app and other digital channels. As a percentage of Fintech&#8217;s
revenue, Fintech&#8217;s selling, general and administrative expense was 62.5%, 64.5%, and 59.7% in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal
2020, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Depreciation
and Amortization.</i> Depreciation and amortization expense increased in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 compared to the prior fiscal year
primarily due to increased depreciation of capitalized costs of consultants and employees developing internal use software.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
Segment</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net2phone segment, which represented 4.3%, 3.1%, and 2.4% of our total revenues in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively,
is comprised of net2phone&#8217;s cloud communications offerings.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
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    <td colspan="2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Year
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 29%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">58.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">37.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Direct
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(10.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(6.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(393.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(84.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loss
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(15.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(16.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenues.
</i>net2phone&#8217;s revenues increased in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 compared to the prior fiscal year driven primarily by growth
in the United States, although revenue increased in all net2phone regions. Seats served increased 29% to 291,000 at July 31, 2022 from
226,000 at July 31, 2021 and increased 47% at July 31, 2021 from 154,000 at July 31, 2020. The increase in seats served at July 31, 2022
compared to July 31, 2021 included approximately 7,000 seats as a result of our acquisition of Integra in March 2022. Subscription revenue
increased 38% to $53.6 million in fiscal 2022 from $38.8 million in fiscal 2021, led by growth in both the South American and North American
regions, and increased 47% in fiscal 2021 from $26.5 million in fiscal 2020, led by growth in the U.S. market. In the first quarter of
fiscal 2022, net2phone launched a HIPAA-compliant program for certain of its communications and collaboration solutions and introduced
net2phone&#8217;s Phone App for Teams. The app enables Microsoft Teams users to add voice capabilities into Teams environments without
additional licenses. net2phone launched its integration with Slack in the third quarter of fiscal 2021, building on its prior integrations
with Zoho and Microsoft Teams. Also in fiscal 2021, net2phone launched an integration with Salesforce. In November 2020, net2phone announced
it had launched its service in Peru and in December 2020, it expanded coverage to six additional cities in Brazil.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Direct
Cost of Revenues.</i> Direct cost of revenues increased in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 primarily due to the increase in revenues,
with the largest increases in Latin America. Direct cost of revenues increased in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020 primarily due to
the increase in revenues, with the largest increases in the United States and Latin America. net2phone&#8217;s focus on mid-sized businesses,
multi-channel strategies, and localized offerings generated revenue growth that exceeded the increase in direct cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Selling,
General and Administrative.</i> Selling, general and administrative expense increased in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 primarily
due to increases in sales commissions, employee compensation, and expenses related to the proposed (and subsequently postponed) spin-off
of our net2phone cloud communications business. Selling, general and administrative expense increased in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal
2020 primarily due to increases in employee compensation and sales commissions. As a percentage of net2phone&#8217;s revenues, net2phone&#8217;s
selling, general and administrative expenses decreased to 93.1% from 103.7% and 115.8% in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020,
respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
derives a significant portion of its revenues from existing customers. Attracting new customers usually involves additional costs compared
to retention of existing customers. If existing customers&#8217; subscriptions and related usage decrease or are terminated, net2phone
will need to spend more money to acquire new customers and still may not be able to maintain its existing level of revenues or profitability.
In addition, net2phone needs to acquire new customers to increase its revenues. net2phone incurs significant sales and marketing expenses
to acquire new customers. It is therefore expected that selling, general and administrative expenses will remain a significant percentage
of net2phone&#8217;s revenues for the foreseeable future.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Depreciation
and Amortization</i>. The increases in depreciation and amortization expense in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 compared to the prior fiscal
year was due to increased depreciation of net2phone&#8217;s telephone equipment leased to customers and increased depreciation of capitalized
costs of consultants and employees developing internal use software.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
Operating Gain (Expense), net. </i>In fiscal 2022, we determined that the requirements for a contingent consideration payment related
to an acquisition consummated in December 2019 would not be met before the expiration date for such contingency. net2phone recognized
a gain of $0.3 million on the write-off of the contingent consideration payment obligation. Other operating expense, net in fiscal 2021
was due to the settlement of a legal matter. Other operating expense, net in fiscal 2020 was due to the write-offs of certain assets
related to a cancelled project and dormant subsidiaries primarily in Latin America<span style="color: #222222">.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; color: #222222"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
Communications Segment</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Traditional Communications segment, which represented 87.7%, 91.8%, and 93.1% of our total revenues in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and
fiscal 2020, respectively, includes Mobile Top-Up, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging, and
data to international and domestic mobile accounts, BOSS Revolution Calling, an international long-distance calling service marketed
primarily to immigrant communities in the United States and Canada, and IDT Global, a wholesale provider of international voice and SMS
termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional Communications also includes other small businesses
and offerings including early-stage business initiatives and mature businesses in harvest mode.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
Communications&#8217; most significant revenue streams are from Mobile Top-Up, BOSS Revolution Calling, and IDT Global. Mobile Top-Up
and BOSS Revolution Calling are sold direct-to-consumers and through distributors and retailers. We receive payments for BOSS Revolution
Calling, traditional calling cards, and Mobile Top-Up prior to providing the services. We recognize the revenue when services are provided
to the customer. Traditional Communications&#8217; revenues tend to be somewhat seasonal, with the second fiscal quarter (which contains
Christmas and New Year&#8217;s Day) and the fourth fiscal quarter (which contains Mother&#8217;s Day and Father&#8217;s Day) typically
showing higher minute volumes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
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    <td colspan="2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Year
    ended July 31</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$/#</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues:</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; width: 29%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Mobile
    Top-Up</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">473.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BOSS
    Revolution Calling</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">387.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(19.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(33.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(8.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">50.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">56.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(6.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(13.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(6.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(10.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    revenues</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,197.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,328.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,253.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(131.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(9.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">74.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Direct
    cost of revenues</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(991.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,119.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,057.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(127.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(11.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">61.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling,
    general and administrative</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(120.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(116.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(132.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(15.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(11.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation
    and amortization</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(9.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(10.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(14.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(7.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)%</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BOSS
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">IDT
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenues.
</i>Revenues from Mobile Top-Up increased in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 primarily from an increase in direct-to-consumer channel
revenues, partially offset by a decrease in retail channel revenues. Mobile Top-Up&#8217;s revenues increased in fiscal 2021 compared
to fiscal 2020 primarily from continued product expansion and growth in the business-to-business wholesale channel that was added in
fiscal 2021, although revenues from Mobile Top-Up&#8217;s business-to-business wholesale channel narrowed considerably in fiscal 2022
compared to fiscal 2021. In December 2020, our acquisition of Sochitel, a global hub and digital distribution platform for mobile top-up,
electronic vouchers, and other value transfer services primarily in Africa, contributed to our increased penetration into the market
in Africa.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
and minutes of use from BOSS Revolution Calling decreased in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 compared to the prior fiscal year. In fiscal
2021, COVID-19-related demand slowed the rate of decline in BOSS Revolution Calling revenue that we had experienced in prior periods,
however, the COVID-19-related impact was less significant in fiscal 2022 than in fiscal 2021. The surge in demand for voice calls that
began with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic had eroded by the third quarter of fiscal 2022. BOSS Revolution Calling continues to be
impacted by persistent, market-wide trends, including the proliferation of unlimited calling plans offered by wireless carriers and mobile
virtual network operators, and the increasing penetration of free and paid over-the-top voice, video conferencing, and messaging services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
and minutes of use from IDT Global decreased in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 compared to the prior fiscal year as communications globally
continued to transition away from international voice calling. This trend was accelerated by the impact of COVID-19 as business communications
shifted from calling to video conferencing and other collaboration platforms. We expect that IDT Global will continue to be adversely
impacted by these trends, and minutes of use and revenues will likely continue to decline from quarter-to-quarter, as we seek to maximize
economics rather than necessarily sustain minutes of use or revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Direct
Cost of Revenues.</i> Direct cost of revenues decreased in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 primarily due to decreases in BOSS Revolution
Calling&#8217;s and IDT Global&#8217;s direct cost of revenues in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021, partially offset by an increase
in Mobile Top-Up&#8217;s direct cost of revenues in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 as a result of the increase in Mobile Top-Up&#8217;s
revenues. Direct cost of revenues increased in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020 primarily due to an increase in Mobile Top-Up&#8217;s
direct cost of revenues in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020 as a result of the increase in its revenues, partially offset by decreases
in IDT Global&#8217;s and BOSS Revolution Calling&#8217;s direct cost of revenues in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020. The migration
of customers to our digital, direct-to-consumer channels in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 is expected to continue, which is expected to
contribute to future reductions in the rate of growth of Mobile Top-Up and BOSS Revolution Calling&#8217;s direct cost of revenues when
compared to prior periods.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Selling,
General and Administrative.</i> Selling, general and administrative expense increased in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 primarily
due to increases in marketing expense, employee compensation, and consulting expense, partially offset by a decrease in sales commissions.
Selling, general and administrative expense decreased in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020 primarily due to decreases in employee compensation,
stock-based compensation, marketing expense, and bad debt expense, partially offset by an increase in debit and credit card processing
charges. As a percentage of Traditional Communications&#8217; revenue, Traditional Communications&#8217; selling, general and administrative
expense was 10.1%, 8.8%, and 10.6% in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Depreciation
and Amortization</i>. Depreciation and amortization expense decreased in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 compared to the prior fiscal year
as more of our property, plant, and equipment became fully depreciated, partially offset by depreciation of equipment added to our telecommunications
network and capitalized costs of consultants and employees developing internal use software.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Severance
Expense.</i> We incurred severance expense of $0.1 million, $0.5 million, and $3.5 million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020,
respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
Operating (Expense) Gain, net. </i>Other operating (expense) gain, net included expense for the indemnification of <span style="color: #222222">a
net2phone cable telephony customer related to patent infringement claims brought against the customer</span> of $0.1 million, <span style="color: #222222">$0.5
million, and</span> $1.2 million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively. Other operating (expense) gain, net in fiscal
2021 included a gain of $2.0 million received from the sale to a third party of all our rights under the Payment Card Interchange Fee
and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation related to claims that merchants paid excessive fees to accept Visa and Mastercard cards between
January 1, 2004 and January 25, 2019. Other operating (expense) gain, net in fiscal 2021 also included expense for a settlement of an
IDT Global claim for $0.6 million and other expense of $0.3 million. Other operating (expense) gain, net in fiscal 2020 included an accrual
for non-income related taxes related to one of our foreign subsidiaries of $2.2 million and expense of $0.5 million for a legal matter.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Year
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">64.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">560.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(142.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loss
    from operations</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(7.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(9.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
costs mainly include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing, corporate
governance including Board of Directors&#8217; fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance, corporate
legal, and other corporate-related general and administrative expenses. Corporate does not generate any revenues, nor does it incur any
direct cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>General
and Administrative.</i> Corporate general and administrative expense increased in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 primarily because
of an increase in employee compensation. Corporate general and administrative expense decreased in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020
primarily because of a decrease in stock-based compensation due to reductions in expense of deferred stock units granted in June 2019
and stock options, as well as a decrease in employee compensation. As a percentage of our consolidated revenues, Corporate general and
administrative expense was 0.6%, 0.5%, and 0.7% in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
Operating (Expense) Gain, net.</i> As discussed in Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 to Part II of
this Annual Report, we (as well as other defendants) have been named in a pending putative class action on behalf of Straight Path&#8217;s
stockholders and a derivative complaint. We incurred legal fees of $7.7 million, $2.9 million, and $3.6 million in fiscal 2022, fiscal
2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively, related to this action. Also, we recorded offsetting gains from insurance claims for this matter
of $6.7 million, $3.1 million, and $3.1 million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a discussion of certain of our consolidated expenses, and our consolidated income and expense line items below income from
operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Related
Party Lease Costs.</i> We lease office and parking space in a building and parking garage located at 520 Broad St, Newark, New Jersey
that was owned by Rafael Holdings. On August 22, 2022, Rafael Holdings sold the building and parking garage to an unrelated third party.
Our lease in that building continues with the new owner. We also lease office space in Israel from Rafael Holdings. The Newark lease
expires in April 2025 and the Israel lease expires in July 2025. In fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, we incurred lease costs
of $2.0 million, $1.9 million, and $1.9 million, respectively, in connection with the Rafael Holdings&#8217; leases, which is included
in consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stock-Based
Compensation Expense.</i> Stock-based compensation expense included in consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses was
$1.9 million, $1.5 million, and $3.9 million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively. The increase in stock-based
compensation expense in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 was primarily due to expense related to the grant in February 2022 of restricted
shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock to certain of our employees for which we recorded stock-based compensation expense of $1.2
million, partially offset by reductions in expense for deferred stock units granted in June 2019. The decrease in stock-based compensation
expense in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020 was primarily due to reductions in expense of deferred stock units granted in June 2019
and stock options.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Effective
as of June 30, 2022, restricted shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock were granted to certain NRS employees. The restrictions on
the shares will lapse in three installments on each of June 1, 2024, 2026, and 2027. The estimated fair value of the restricted shares
on the grant date was $3.3 million, which will be recognized over the vesting period. At July 31, 2022, unrecognized compensation cost
related to non-vested stock-based compensation was an aggregate of $3.5 million. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be
recognized over the remaining vesting periods that end in fiscal 2027.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
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    <td colspan="2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    change from 2020</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Year
    ended July 31</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 29%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income
    from operations</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">60.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">17.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">39.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">217.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest
    income, net</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(54.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(69.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(420.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">724.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(37.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(118.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">755.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">29.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">96.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(67.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(70.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">75.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">352.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net
    (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(375.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;nm</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net
    income attributable to IDT Corporation</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">27.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">96.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(69.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(72.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)%</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">75.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">350.2</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">nm&#8212;not
meaningful</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
(Expense) Income, net.</i> Other (expense) income, net consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
    millions)<br /> Year ended July 31</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2022</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2021</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2020</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 46%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign
    currency transaction (losses) gains</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Equity
    in net loss of investee</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Write-off
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Losses)
    gains on investments</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(0.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">TOTAL</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.9</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 2, 2021, we paid $4.0 million to purchase shares of series B convertible preferred stock of a communications company (the equity
method investee, or EMI), and on August 10, 2021, we paid $1.1 million to purchase shares of the EMI&#8217;s series C convertible preferred
stock and additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s series B convertible preferred stock. The initial shares purchased represented 23.95%
of the outstanding shares of the EMI on an as converted basis. The subsequent purchases increased our ownership to 26.57% on an as converted
basis. We account for this investment using the equity method since the series B and series C convertible preferred stock are in-substance
common stock, and we can exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the EMI. We determined that on the
dates of the acquisitions, there were differences of $3.4 million and $1.0 million between our investment in the EMI and our proportional
interest in the equity of the EMI, which represented the share of the EMI&#8217;s customer list on the dates of the acquisitions attributed
to our interest in the EMI. These basis differences are being amortized over the 6-year estimated life of the customer list.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net losses on investments in fiscal 2022 included an unrealized loss of $14.1 million on shares of Rafael Holdings&#8217; Class B common
stock. The net gains on investments in fiscal 2021 included an unrealized gain of $8.3 million on shares of Rafael Holdings&#8217; Class
B common stock. The net losses on investments in fiscal 2020 included an unrealized loss of $0.2 million on shares of Rafael Holdings&#8217;
Class B common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>(Provision
for) Benefit from Income Taxes.</i> In fiscal 2021, we released $46.5 million of our valuation allowance on the portion of our deferred
income tax assets that we are more likely than not going to utilize. This release was mostly related to domestic deferred income tax
assets. We used the framework of ASC <i>Income Taxes (Topic 740)</i> to determine whether the valuation allowance should be maintained
or reversed. We considered the scheduled expiration of our net operating losses included in our deferred tax assets, projected future
taxable income, and tax planning strategies in our assessment of the valuation allowance. The primary factors that resulted in the valuation
allowance release were the three consecutive years of profitability in the United States and expected future profitability in both the
United States and the United Kingdom that will utilize a significant portion of the net operating losses. Our tax planning strategies
were not a significant factor in the analysis. In fiscal 2020, due to taxable income in the United States, we utilized deferred tax assets
and released the corresponding valuation allowance to offset income tax expense of $3.5 million. In addition, in fiscal 2020, we released
an additional $8.4 million of the valuation allowance on the portion of the deferred tax assets that we are more likely than not going
to utilize because we forecasted future profitability in the United States.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
decrease in income tax expense in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021, and the increase in income tax expense in fiscal 2021 compared
to fiscal 2020, excluding the benefits from the valuation allowance released in fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020, was primarily due to differences
in the amount of taxable income earned in the various taxing jurisdictions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Net
(Income) Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests.</i> The change in the net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 was primarily due to increases in the net income of NRS and our variable interest entity, or VIE,
partially offset by an increase in the net loss of net2phone 2.0, Inc., or net2phone 2.0, which owns and operates our net2phone segment.
As of May 31, 2021, we began consolidating a VIE because we determined that we are the primary beneficiary of the VIE since we have the
power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and we have the obligation to absorb
losses of and the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to it. We do not currently own any interest
in the VIE and thus the net income incurred by the VIE was attributed to noncontrolling interests. The change in the net (income) loss
attributable to noncontrolling interests in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020 was due to the reduction in the net loss of NRS, as well
as new noncontrolling interests in fiscal 2021. In fiscal 2021, we acquired an aggregate of 75% of the issued shares of Sochitel, and
as of May 31, 2021, we began consolidating the VIE. Finally, on December 31, 2020, Howard S. Jonas, the Chairman of our Board of Directors,
and Shmuel Jonas, our Chief Executive Officer, each received fifty restricted shares of net2phone 2.0 Class B common stock, which represented
an aggregate of 10% of net2phone 2.0&#8217;s issued and outstanding common stock at July 31, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">LIQUIDITY
AND CAPITAL RESOURCES</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of the date of this Annual Report, including the impact of COVID-19, we currently expect our cash from operations and the balance of
cash, cash equivalents, debt securities, and current equity investments that we held on July 31, 2022 will be sufficient to meet our
currently anticipated working capital and capital expenditure requirements during fiscal 2023.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022, we had cash, cash equivalents, debt securities, and current equity investments of $137.7 million and working capital (current
assets in excess of current liabilities) of $57.6 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
treat unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC as substantially
restricted and unavailable for other purposes. At July 31, 2022, &#8220;Cash and cash equivalents&#8221; in our consolidated balance
sheet included an aggregate of $17.3 million held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC that was unavailable
for other purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contractual
Obligations and Commitments</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table includes our anticipated material cash requirements from contractual obligations and other commitments at July 31, 2022:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Payments
    due by period <br /> (in millions)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less
    than<br /> 1 year</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1&#8212;3
    years</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4&#8212;5
    years</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">After
    5 years</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 35%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Purchase
    commitments</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Connectivity
    obligations under service agreements</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating
    leases including short-term leases</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>TOTAL</b><sup>(1)</sup></span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.3</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
                                            above table does not include up to $10 million for the potential redemption of shares of
                                            NRS&#8217; Class B common stock, an aggregate of $22.0 million in performance bonds, and
                                            up to $14.0 million for other potential payments including contingent consideration related
                                            to business acquisitions, due to the uncertainty of the amount and/or timing of any such
                                            payments.</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
Financial Condition</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in millions)</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Year
    ended July 31</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2022</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2021</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2020</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cash
    flows provided by (used in):</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 46%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating
    activities</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">29.4</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">66.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(29.6</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Investing
    activities</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(33.8</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(44.1</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(32.5</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Financing
    activities</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25.7</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(56.0</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
Activities</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
cash flows from operations vary significantly from quarter to quarter and from year to year, depending on our operating results and the
timing of operating cash receipts and payments, specifically trade accounts receivable and trade accounts payable.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Gross
trade accounts receivable increased to $70.2 million at July 31, 2022 from $51.1 million at July 31, 2021 and $50.3 million at July 31,
2020 primarily due to amounts billed during fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 that were greater than collections in fiscal 2022 and fiscal
2021. The most significant increases in the gross trade accounts receivable balance at July 31, 2022 compared to July 31, 2021 were in
BOSS Money and NRS.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred
revenue arises from sales of prepaid products and varies from period to period depending on the mix and the timing of revenues. Deferred
revenue decreased to $36.5 million at July 31, 2022 from $42.3 million at July 31, 2021 due to decreases in the BOSS Revolution Calling
and Mobile Top-Up deferred revenue balances, and increased at July 31, 2021 from $40.1 million at July 31, 2020 primarily due to an increase
in the BOSS Revolution Calling deferred revenue balance.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Customer
deposit liabilities at IDT Financial Services Limited, our Gibraltar-based bank, decreased to $85.8 million at July 31, 2022 from $115.5
million at July 31, 2021 and $116.0 million at July 31, 2020. Our restricted cash and cash equivalents included $86.6 million, $115.8
million, and $116.3 million at July 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, held by the bank.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 21, 2020, we received $2.0 million from the sale to a third party of all our rights under the Payment Card Interchange Fee and
Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation related to claims that merchants paid excessive fees to accept Visa and Mastercard cards between
January 1, 2004 and January 25, 2019.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. We have evaluated our state tax filings with respect to the Wayfair decision
and are in the process of reviewing our remittance practices. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that we have liability
for periods for which we have not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions were successful
it could materially and adversely affect our business, financial position, and operating results. One or more jurisdictions may change
their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to our operations, and if such changes were made it could materially
and adversely affect our business, financial position, and operating results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with our spin-off of Straight Path in July 2013, we and Straight Path entered into various agreements prior to the spin-off
including a Separation and Distribution Agreement to effect the separation and provide a framework for our relationship with Straight
Path after the spin-off, and a Tax Separation Agreement, which sets forth the responsibilities of us and Straight Path with respect to,
among other things, liabilities for federal, state, local, and foreign taxes for periods before and including the spin-off, the preparation
and filing of tax returns for such periods and disputes with taxing authorities regarding taxes for such periods. Pursuant to the Separation
and Distribution Agreement, we indemnify Straight Path and Straight Path indemnifies us for losses related to the failure of the other
to pay, perform or otherwise discharge, any of the liabilities and obligations set forth in the agreement. Pursuant to the Tax Separation
Agreement, we indemnify Straight Path from all liability for taxes of Straight Path or any of its subsidiaries or relating to the Straight
Path business with respect to taxable periods ending on or before the spin-off, from all liability for taxes of ours, other than Straight
Path and its subsidiaries, for any taxable period, and from all liability for taxes due to the spin-off. (see Note 23 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements included in Item 8 to Part II of this Annual Report).</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investing
Activities</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
capital expenditures were $21.9 million in fiscal 2022, $16.8 million in fiscal 2021 and $16.0 million in fiscal 2020. We currently anticipate
that total capital expenditures in fiscal 2023 will be $19 million to $21 million. We expect to fund our capital expenditures with our
net cash provided by operating activities and cash, cash equivalents, debt securities, and current equity investments on hand.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 3, 2022, net2phone 2.0 purchased all of the outstanding shares of Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. for cash of $7.1 million, net of
cash acquired. We also recorded an aggregate of $4.5 million for the estimated fair value of future payments subject to holdback and
contingent consideration. Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. are located in Uruguay and use the trade name Integra CCS. The purchase price
also included 27,765 shares of our Class B common stock with a value of $1.0 million that were issued at closing. The potential future
payments are an aggregate of up to $3.3 million, half of which will be paid at the end of 12 months after closing and the remainder will
be paid at the end of 24 months after closing, subject to holdback for the settlement of claims against the sellers, if any. The contingent
consideration is an aggregate of up to $3.5 million based on annual cumulative incremental recurring seat revenue over a four-year period,
payable in cash and/or equity at net2phone 2.0&#8217;s discretion.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 1, 2022, our subsidiary, IDT International Telecom, Inc., or IDTIT, purchased all of the outstanding shares of Leaf Global Fintech
Corporation, or Leaf, for cash of $0.3 million, net of cash acquired. We also recorded $3.3 million for the estimated fair value of contingent
consideration. Leaf is a provider of digital wallet services in emerging markets currently serving unbanked customers in Rwanda, Uganda,
and Kenya. The Leaf wallet is a mobile platform available on both smartphones and non-smartphones through an app or by utilizing a USSD
interface accessed via a short code. The Leaf digital wallet enables customers to store, send, receive, and exchange currencies on their
phones domestically and across borders. The Leaf platform leverages the Stellar network for storing and disseminating transaction data
while maintaining value with stablecoins. Stellar is an open-source, decentralized blockchain network that connects global financial
infrastructure, optimized for payments and specifically to support cross-border transactions. The contingent consideration is an aggregate
of up to $5.5 million based on annual gross profit over a five-year period. In September 2022, we determined that the requirements for
a portion of the contingent consideration payments related to the Leaf acquisition would not be met. We recorded a gain of $1.6 million
on the write-off of this contingent consideration payment obligation in the first quarter of fiscal 2023.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 3, 2020, IDTIT acquired 51% of the issued shares of Sochitel for $2.4 million, net of cash acquired. We also recorded $0.4 million
for the estimated fair value of contingent consideration. The contingent consideration of $0.5 million will be paid no later than November
30, 2022 if Sochitel meets an EBITDA threshold between October 1, 2021 and September 30, 2022. Also, pursuant to a Put/Call Option Agreement
related to the 5% of the issued shares of Sochitel that the seller did not initially sell to IDTIT, or the Option Shares, the seller
exercised its option and on March 22, 2021, IDTIT purchased the Option Shares for $0.3 million. On June 15, 2021, IDTIT purchased 19%
of Sochitel&#8217;s issued shares from the remaining noncontrolling interest holder for $1.0 million. We also recorded $0.2 million for
the estimated fair value of contingent consideration. The contingent consideration of up to $0.3 million will be paid if Sochitel meets
certain Adjusted EBITDA targets (as defined in the purchase agreement) no later than April 1, 2023.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 11, 2019, our subsidiary, net2phone, Inc. acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of Ringsouth Europa, S.L., a regional provider
of cloud communications services to businesses in Spain. The cash paid for the acquisition was $0.5 million. We also recorded $0.4 million
for the estimated fair value of contingent consideration. The contingent consideration is an aggregate of $0.8 million, based on monthly
recurring revenue targets to be achieved by fiscal 2024.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of May 31, 2021, we purchased a warrant from the shareholders of a VIE for cash of $0.8 million, which is included in financing activities,
and a contingent payment of $0.1 million. We acquired cash of $3.3 million from the initial consolidation of the VIE, which is included
in investing activities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 7, 2020, we purchased from Rafael Holdings 218,245 newly issued shares of Rafael Holding&#8217;s Class B common stock and a
warrant to purchase up to 43,649 shares of Rafael Holding&#8217;s Class B common stock at an exercise price of $22.91 at any time on
or after December 7, 2020 and on or prior to June 6, 2022. The aggregate purchase price was $5.0 million. The purchase price was based
on a per share price of $22.91, which was the closing price of Rafael Holding&#8217;s Class B common stock on the New York Stock Exchange
on the trading day immediately preceding the purchase date. On March 15, 2021, we exercised the warrant in full and purchased 43,649
shares of Rafael Holding&#8217;s Class B common stock for cash of $1.0 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 2, 2021, we paid $4.0 million to purchase shares of the EMI&#8217;s series B convertible preferred stock, and on August 10,
2021, we paid $1.1 million to purchase shares of the EMI&#8217;s series C convertible preferred stock and additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s
series B convertible preferred stock. The initial shares purchased represented 23.95% of the outstanding shares of the EMI on an as converted
basis. The subsequent purchases increased our ownership to 26.57% on an as converted basis.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchases
of debt securities and equity investments were $24.5 million, $43.2 million, and $22.4 million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal
2020, respectively. Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $21.2 million, $26.2
million, and $6.5 million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Financing
Activities</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
distributed cash of $0.5 million, $0.8 million, and $0.9 million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively, to the noncontrolling
interests in certain of our subsidiaries.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, we received proceeds from financing-related other liabilities of $2.3 million, $0.7 million,
and nil, respectively.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, we repaid financing-related other liabilities of $1.3 million, $0.1 million, and $0.5 million,
respectively.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 29, 2021, NRS sold shares of its Class B common stock representing 2.5% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis, to Alta Fox Opportunities Fund LP, or Alta Fox, for cash of $10 million. Alta Fox has the right to request that NRS redeem all
or any portion of the NRS common shares that it purchased at the per share purchase price during a period of 182 days following the fifth
anniversary of this transaction. The redemption right shall terminate upon the consummation of (i) a sale of NRS or its assets for cash
or securities that are listed on a national securities exchange, (ii) a public offering of NRS&#8217; securities, or (iii) a distribution
of NRS&#8217; capital stock following which NRS&#8217; common shares are listed on a national securities exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 20, 2020, <span style="color: #333333">our subsidiary, IDT Domestic Telecom, Inc., or IDT DT,</span> received loan proceeds of
$10.0 million from TD Bank, N.A., pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program, or the PPP Loan, under <span style="color: #333333">the
Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or CARES Act, administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration</span>. On April
29, 2020, IDT DT returned all $10.0 million in proceeds from the PPP Loan.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc., or IDT Telecom, entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021, with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving
credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $25.0 million. IDT Telecom may use the proceeds to finance working capital requirements
and for certain closing costs of the facility. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, there were no amounts outstanding under this facility. In fiscal
2022, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid an aggregate of $2.6 million under the facility. The revolving credit facility is secured by primarily
all of IDT Telecom&#8217;s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum at the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration
Ltd. LIBOR multiplied by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus 125 to 175 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s
leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. Interest is payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued
and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2024. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused
portion of the $25.0 million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the
most recent fiscal quarter. IDT Telecom is required to comply with various affirmative and negative covenants as well as maintain certain
targets based on financial ratios during the term of the revolving credit facility. As of July 31, 2022, IDT Telecom was in compliance
with all of the covenants.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Telecom had a credit agreement, dated as of October 31, 2019, with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum
principal amount of $25.0 million until its maturity on July 15, 2020. The principal outstanding incurred interest per annum at the LIBOR
rate adjusted by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus 125 basis points. In fiscal 2020, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid
an aggregate of $1.4 million under the facility. IDT Telecom paid a quarterly unused commitment fee of 0.3% per annum on the average
daily balance of the unused portion of the $25.0 million commitment.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, we received cash from the exercise of stock options of $0.1 million, $0.7 million, and $0.3
million, respectively, for which we issued 10,000; 81,041; and 32,551 shares, respectively, of our Class B common stock. In addition,
in April 2022, Howard S. Jonas exercised stock options for 1.0 million shares of our Class B common stock that were granted on May 2,
2017. The exercise price of these options was $14.93 per share and the expiration date was May 1, 2022. Mr. Jonas used 528,635 shares
of our Class B common stock with a value of $14.9 million to pay the aggregate exercise price of the options.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have an existing stock repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of our Class B common stock.
The Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 8.0 million shares in the aggregate. In fiscal 2022, we repurchased 554,744
shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $13.4 million. In fiscal 2021, we repurchased 463,792 shares of Class
B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $2.8 million. In fiscal 2020, we repurchased 671,117 shares of our Class B common stock
for an aggregate purchase price of $4.2 million. At July 31, 2022, 5.2 million shares remained available for repurchase under the stock
repurchase program.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, we paid $9.0 million, $1.3 million, and $0.3 million, respectively, to repurchase 200,438;
109,381; and 37,348 shares, respectively, of our Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of ours to satisfy the employees&#8217;
tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of deferred stock units and the lapsing of restrictions on restricted stock.
In addition, in April 2022, Mr. Jonas tendered 137,364 shares of our Class B common stock with a value of $3.9 million to satisfy a portion
of his tax obligations in connection with his stock option exercises. Such shares are repurchased by us based on their fair market value
on the trading day immediately prior to the vesting date.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
Sources and Uses of Resources</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are considering spin-offs and other potential dispositions of certain of our subsidiaries. Some of the transactions under consideration
are in early stages and others are more advanced. A spin-off may include the contribution of a significant amount of cash, cash equivalents,
debt securities, and/or equity securities to the subsidiary prior to the spin-off, which would reduce our capital resources. There is
no assurance at this time that any of these transactions will be completed.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
intend to, where appropriate, make strategic investments and acquisitions to complement, expand, and/or enter into new businesses. In
considering acquisitions and investments, we search for opportunities to profitably grow our existing businesses and/or to add qualitatively
to the range and diversification of businesses in our portfolio. At this time, we cannot guarantee that we will be presented with acquisition
opportunities that meet our return-on-investment criteria, or that our efforts to make acquisitions that meet our criteria will be successful.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="la_009"></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">Item
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks.</span></span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Foreign
Currency Risk</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
from our international operations were 29%, 22%, and 31% of our consolidated revenues in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively.
On July 31, 2020, we restructured certain operations for tax purposes resulting in the change of geographic sourcing of revenues from
the Netherlands to the United States, and on February 1, 2021, geographic sourcing was changed from the United States to the United Kingdom.
A significant portion of our revenues is in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar. Our foreign currency exchange risk is somewhat mitigated
by our ability to offset a portion of these non-U.S. Dollar-denominated revenues with operating expenses that are paid in the same currencies.
While the impact from fluctuations in foreign exchange rates affects our revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies, the
net amount of our exposure to foreign currency exchange rate changes at the end of each reporting period is generally not material.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investment
Risk</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
hold a portion of our assets in debt and equity securities, including hedge funds, for strategic and speculative purposes. At July 31,
2022 and 2021, the value of our debt and equity securities was an aggregate of $46.8 million and $68.1 million, respectively, which represented
9% and 13%, respectively, of our total assets. Investments in debt and equity securities carry a degree of risk and depend to a great
extent on correct assessments of the future course of price movements of securities and other instruments. There can be no assurance
that our investment managers will be able to accurately predict these price movements. The securities markets have in recent years been
characterized by great volatility and unpredictability. Accordingly, the value of our investments may go down as well as up and we may
not receive the amounts originally invested upon redemption.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="la_010"></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">Item
8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.</span></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company and the reports of the independent registered public accounting firms thereon starting
on page F-1 are included herein.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_011"></span>Item
9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_012"></span>Item
9A. Controls and Procedures.</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined
in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), as of the end of the period covered by this Annual
Report on Form 10-K. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure
controls and procedures were effective as of July 31, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Report
of Management on Internal Control over Financial Reporting</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We,
the management of IDT Corporation and subsidiaries (the &#8220;Company&#8221;), are responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate
internal control over financial reporting of the Company.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company&#8217;s principal executive and principal financial
officers and effected by the Company&#8217;s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company&#8217;s financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States and includes those policies and procedures that:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pertain
                                            to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the
                                            transactions and dispositions of assets of the Company;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Provide
                                            reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of
                                            financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that
                                            receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations
                                            of management and directors of the Company; and</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Provide
                                            reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition,
                                            use or disposition of the Company&#8217;s assets that could have a material effect on the
                                            financial statements.</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management
has assessed the effectiveness of the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2022. In making this assessment,
the Company&#8217;s management used the criteria established in <i>Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013)</i> issued by the Committee
of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (&#8220;COSO&#8221;).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer,
we conducted an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting, as prescribed above, as of July 31, 2022. Based on our evaluation,
our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting
as of July 31, 2022 was effective based on the criteria established in the <i>Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013)</i> issued
by COSO.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation
of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that
the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Grant
Thornton, LLP has provided an attestation report on the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Changes
in Internal Control over Financial Reporting</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022 that have materially affected,
or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Board
of Directors and Stockholders</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Corporation</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Opinion
on internal control over financial reporting</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have audited the internal control over financial reporting of IDT Corporation (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries (the &#8220;Company&#8221;)
as of July 31, 2022, based on criteria established in the 2013 <i>Internal Control&#8212;Integrated Framework</i> issued by the Committee
of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (&#8220;COSO&#8221;). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material
respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2022, based on criteria established in the 2013 <i>Internal
Control&#8212;Integrated Framework</i> issued by COSO.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (&#8220;PCAOB&#8221;),
the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended July 31, 2022, and our report dated October 14, 2022
expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Basis
for opinion</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment
of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying &#8220;Report of Management on Internal
Control over Financial Reporting&#8221;. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial
reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect
to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission and the PCAOB.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit
included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists,
testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other
procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Definition
and limitations of internal control over financial reporting</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. A company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the
maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance
with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection
of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company&#8217;s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of
any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions,
or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
GRANT THORNTON LLP</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New
York, New York</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">October
14, 2022</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_013"></span>Item
9B. Other Information.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_014"></span>Item
9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not
applicable.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_015"></span>Part
III</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_016"></span>Item
10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a list of our directors and executive officers along with the specific information required by Rule 14a-3 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Executive
Officers</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shmuel
Jonas&#8212;Chief Executive Officer</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Howard
S. Jonas&#8212;Chairman</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Marcelo
Fischer&#8212;Chief Financial Officer</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Bill
Pereira&#8212;President and Chief Operating Officer</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mitch
Silberman&#8212;Chief Accounting Officer and Controller</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Joyce
J. Mason&#8212;Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Menachem
Ash&#8212;Executive Vice President of Strategy and Legal Affairs</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nadine
Shea &#8211; Executive Vice President of Global Human Resources</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">David
Wartell &#8212;Chief Technology Officer</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Directors</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Howard
S. Jonas&#8212;Chairman of the Board</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Liora
Stein&#8212;Member of the Board</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Michael
Chenkin&#8212;Certified Public Accountant; previously worked in the Audit Department of Coopers and Lybrand and as a consultant to the
securities industry</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Eric
F. Cosentino&#8212;Former Rector of the Episcopal Church of the Divine Love, Montrose, New York</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Judah
Schorr&#8212;Founder of Judah Schorr MD PC, an anesthesia provider to hospitals, ambulatory surgery centers and medical offices, and
has been its President and owner since its inception</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Bill
Pereira &#8211; Ex Officio (non-voting) member of the Board</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
remaining information required by this Item will be contained in our Proxy Statement for our Annual Stockholders Meeting, which will
be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after July 31, 2022, and which is incorporated by reference herein.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
Governance</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have included as exhibits to this Annual Report on Form 10-K certificates of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
certifying the quality of our public disclosure.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
make available free of charge through the investor relations page of our web site (www.idt.net/ir) our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly
Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports, and all beneficial ownership reports on Forms
3, 4, and 5 filed by directors, officers and beneficial owners of more than 10% of our equity, as soon as reasonably practicable after
such reports are electronically filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We have adopted codes of business conduct and ethics
for all of our employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer. Copies
of the codes of business conduct and ethics are available on our web site.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
web site and the information contained therein or incorporated therein are not intended to be incorporated into this Annual Report on
Form 10-K or our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_017"></span>Item
11. Executive Compensation.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
information required by this Item will be contained in our Proxy Statement for our Annual Stockholders Meeting, which will be filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after July 31, 2022, and which is incorporated by reference herein.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="la_018"></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">Item
12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
information required by this Item will be contained in our Proxy Statement for our Annual Stockholders Meeting, which will be filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after July 31, 2022, and which is incorporated by reference herein.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="la_019"></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">Item
13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
information required by this Item will be contained in our Proxy Statement for our Annual Stockholders Meeting, which will be filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after July 31, 2022, and which is incorporated by reference herein.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_020"></span>Item
14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
information required by this Item will be contained in our Proxy Statement for our Annual Stockholders Meeting, which will be filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after July 31, 2022, and which is incorporated by reference herein.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_021"></span>Part
IV</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_022"></span>Item
15. Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
                                            following documents are filed as part of this Report:</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Report
                                            of Management on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Consolidated Financial Statements</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
Financial Statements covered by Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Financial
                                            Statement Schedule.</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
schedules have been omitted since they are either included in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements or not required or not applicable.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exhibits.
                                            Exhibit Numbers 10.01, 10.02, 10.03, 10.04, and 10.05 are management contracts or compensatory
                                            plans or arrangements.</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
exhibits listed in paragraph (b) of this Item are filed, furnished, or incorporated by reference as part of this<br />
Form 10-K.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
of the agreements filed as exhibits to this Form 10-K contain representations and warranties by the parties to the agreements that have
been made solely for the benefit of the parties to the agreement. These representations and warranties:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">may
                                            have been qualified by disclosures that were made to the other parties in connection with
                                            the negotiation of the agreements, which disclosures are not necessarily reflected in the
                                            agreements;</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">may
                                            apply standards of materiality that differ from those of a reasonable investor; and</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9632;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">were
                                            made only as of specified dates contained in the agreements and are subject to subsequent
                                            developments and changed circumstances.</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accordingly,
these representations and warranties may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date that these representations and warranties
were made or at any other time. Investors should not rely on them as statements of fact.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exhibits.</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 0.75in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exhibit<br />
    Number</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Description
    of Exhibits</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.01(1)</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1005731/000121390011001824/f8k040411ex3i_idt.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Third
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1005731/000149315222026690/ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Eighth
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.2(3)</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1005731/000121390020044095/f10k2020a1ex4-2_idtcorp.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Description
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.01(4)</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1005731/000121390020044093/ea132026ex10-01_idtcorp.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fifth Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated December 16, 2020, between the Registrant and Howard S. Jonas.</span></a></td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.02(5)</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1005731/000119312513427235/d620990ddef14a.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">2005
    Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended and restated, of IDT Corporation.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.03(6)</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1005731/000149315221025447/ex4-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan of IDT Corporation.</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.04(7)</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1005731/000121390015000307/f8k011215ex10i_idtcorp.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Employment
    Agreement, dated January 12, 2015, between IDT Telecom and Bill Pereira.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.05(8)</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1005731/000121390015000307/f8k011215ex10i_idtcorp.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">Agreement,
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  </table>

<p style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.75in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exhibit<br />
    Number</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Description
    of Exhibits</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">21.01*</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="ex21-01.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Subsidiaries of the Registrant.</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23.01*</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="ex23-01.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consent of Grant Thornton, LLP</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="ex31-01.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">31.02*</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="ex31-02.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">32.01*</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="ex32-01.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">32.02*</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="ex32-02.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.SCH*</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.CAL*</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.DEF*</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.LAB*</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cover
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  </table>

<p style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></p>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 24pt"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -24pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-top: 0pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 25%; margin-bottom: 0pt"><div style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; font: 1pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -24pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0"></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.2in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">filed
                                            herewith.</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.2in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
                                            by reference to Form 8-K, filed April 5, 2011.</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
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                                            by reference to Form 8-K, filed September 23, 2022.</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
                                            by reference to Form 10-K/A, filed December 22, 2020.</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
                                            by reference to Form 8-K, filed December 22, 2020.</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
                                            by reference to Schedule 14A, filed November 5, 2013.</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
                                            by reference to Form S-8, filed October 14, 2021.</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(7)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
                                            by reference to Form 8-K, filed January 14, 2015.</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(8)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
                                            by reference to Form 8-K, filed December 5, 2017.</span></td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.2in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_023"></span>Item
16. Form 10-K Summary.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="la_024"></span>Signatures</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Annual Report
on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    CORPORATION</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
    Shmuel Jonas</i></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Shmuel
    Jonas</b> <br />
    <b>Chief Executive Officer</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
October 14, 2022</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed by the following persons
on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; width: 33%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Signature</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; width: 33%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Titles</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; width: 30%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
    Shmuel Jonas</i></span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
    Executive Officer</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">October
    14, 2022</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Shmuel
    Jonas</b></span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Principal
    Executive Officer)</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
    Marcelo Fischer</i></span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
    Financial Officer</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">October
    14, 2022</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Marcelo
    Fischer</b></span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Principal
    Financial Officer)</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
    Accounting Officer and Controller</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">October
    14, 2022</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Mitch
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Principal
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">October
14, 2022</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Howard
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">October
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>



<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Corporation</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Index to Consolidated Financial Statements</span></p>

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<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#Saa_001">Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm<span style="text-decoration: underline"></span></a></span> (PCAOB ID <span id="xdx_90B_edei--AuditorFirmId_c20210801__20220731_zm95GSzSv8Ne"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="dei:AuditorFirmId">248</ix:nonNumeric></span>)</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#Saa_003">Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended July 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-4</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#Saa_004">Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended July 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-5</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#Saa_005">Consolidated Statements of Equity for the years ended July 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-6</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#Saa_006">Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended July 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-7</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="Saa_001"></span>REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Board
of Directors and Stockholders</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Corporation</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Opinion
on the financial statements</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of IDT Corporation (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries (the &#8220;Company&#8221;)
as of July 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, equity, and cash flows for each of
the three years in the period ended July 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the &#8220;financial statements&#8221;).
In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of July 31,
2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended July 31, 2022, in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; color: fuchsia"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (&#8220;PCAOB&#8221;),
the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2022, based on criteria established in the 2013 <i>Internal
Control&#8212;Integrated Framework</i> issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (&#8220;COSO&#8221;),
and our report dated October 14, 2022 expressed an unqualified opinion.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; color: fuchsia"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Basis
for opinion</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company&#8217;s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company&#8217;s
financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent
with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities
and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; color: fuchsia"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits
included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud,
and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts
and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Critical
audit matters</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Critical
audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be
communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and
(2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
<span id="xdx_909_edei--AuditorName_c20210801__20220731_zVJnLMB59ob8"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="dei:AuditorName">GRANT THORNTON LLP</ix:nonNumeric></span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have served as the Company&#8217;s auditor since 2020.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_edei--AuditorLocation_c20210801__20220731_zuGMABUvoq8c"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="dei:AuditorLocation">New
York, New York</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">October 14, 2022</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="Saa_002"></span>IDT
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CONSOLIDATED
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_iB" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_i01B" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_i02I_pn3n3_maLCz4V8_zP7YhgOqiqnh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_i02I_pn3n3_maLCz4V8_zVN19WJhwrT" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_i02I_pn3n3_maLCz4V8_zdsGBIM7Pki3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--DepositLiabilityCurrent_i02I_pn3n3_maLCz4V8_z2vxIZ01IQbb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_i02I_pn3n3_maLCz4V8_zm2l77D55K77" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrent_i02TI_pn3n3_mtLCz4V8_maLzIKg_zbeGguKOkiS7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_i01I_pn3n3_maLzIKg_z0NMespy8dHh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_i01I_pn3n3_maLzIKg_zxJlY6cmUoc5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,588</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--Liabilities_i01TI_pn3n3_mtLzIKg_maLASEztzw_z58W4pKbb4zl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL LIABILITIES</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Liabilities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">316,266</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingencies_i01I_pn3n3_maLASEztzw_z7N1NofbjAl7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Commitments and contingencies</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount_i01I_pn3n3_maLASEztzw_zzLe9K2UxO9h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0158">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--EquityAbstract_i01B" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">EQUITY:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityAbstract_i02B" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PreferredStockValue_i03I_pn3n3_maSEzjeC_zCFniUWhgZP6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Preferred stock, $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_c20220731_pdd" title="Preferred stock, par value"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_c20210731_pdd" title="Preferred stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">.01</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> par value; authorized shares&#8212;<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20220731_zt78fgwy7fC5" title="Preferred stock, shares authorized"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20210731_zL5XnYIin3e7" title="Preferred stock, shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">10,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>; <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3d_do_c20220731_zyh7vpSYHdrf" title="Preferred stock, shares issued"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3d_do_c20210731_z4TJgyjmCtJ7" title="Preferred stock, shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="-3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="-3" unitRef="Shares">no</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares issued</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0166">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0167">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CommonStockValue_i03I_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_maSEzjeC_zjrmDzkeFHPd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Class A common stock, $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zI1lKmYCBoM" title="Common stock, par value"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zLOq9NI9Jwf7" title="Common stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">.01</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> par value; authorized shares&#8212;<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_z2OQlbJizbO8" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_z7PigD9KT9wi" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">35,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>; <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zWs9fHQPFKN3" title="Common stock, shares issued"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zk5tp5c1VuJd" title="Common stock, shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">3,272</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares issued and <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_z1x3FP1KkvDk" title="Common stock, shares outstanding"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_z4qFxbOyhgxl" title="Common stock, shares outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">1,574</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares outstanding at July 31, 2022 and 2021</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CommonStockValue_i03I_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_maSEzjeC_z8mgTHqXiOMl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Class B common stock, $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zTQPRpPeauL"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zStxxY5vVJG"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">.01</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span>
</span>par value; authorized shares&#8212;<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zzkb9BQBy9ii"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zabUdBlSIari"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">200,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>;
<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zvfjitmXdBy8"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">27,725</ix:nonFraction>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--AdditionalPaidInCapital_i03I_pn3n3_maSEzjeC_z4hj0trBiJTl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Additional paid-in capital</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValue_i03NI_pn3n3_di_msSEzjeC_zjk9ggWeE9Td" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_i03I_pn3n3_maSEzjeC_z2bTGoyn1Sed" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">11,305</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_i03I_pn3n3_maSEzjeC_z7BJxsBbAqJ9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_i03TI_pn3n3_mtSEzjeC_maSEIPAzyMv_ziEF2D5pYxA1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Total IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_i02I_pn3n3_maSEIPAzyMv_zgV9cyagwBxh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Noncontrolling interests</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_i02TI_pn3n3_mtSEIPAzyMv_maLASEztzw_z6Hc6SMG2yA3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">166,614</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_i01TI_pn3n3_mtLASEztzw_z57VOfHyT7c2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  </table>





<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 68 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->3<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="margin-bottom: 0pt; break-before: page; margin-top: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="Saa_003"></span>IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF INCOME</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_304_113_pn3n3_zzsQWzYwR2Le" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Year ended July 31</p>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210801__20220731_zqqLOppcjD7l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20200801__20210731_zw9GAPpbUVM8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20190801__20200731_zfwcXhTNbN63" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_maOILzhuP_zGHYcYOtQ9Qe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,364,057</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingExpensesAbstract_iB" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">COSTS AND EXPENSES:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingCostsAndExpenses_i01_pn3n3_maOEzKQj_zZXKOwgIDWv7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_i01_pn3n3_maOEzKQj_z4zygu08Yxw7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_i01_pn3n3_maOEzKQj_zWAY2GxjGlv" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--SeveranceCosts1_i01_pn3n3_maOEzKQj_znBm86bpQ8Bi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OperatingExpenses_i01T_pn3n3_mtOEzKQj_msOILzhuP_zqtAhgIxSaxd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_maOILzhuP_zNTsuS6ZNiHh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other operating  (expense) gain, net (see Note 14)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_iT_pn3n3_mtOILzhuP_maILFCOzr7Y_zZTeowiZg8rk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--InterestIncomeExpenseNet_maILFCOzr7Y_zZ3lcpialU25" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_maILFCOzr7Y_zCPcSaQyEMFc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_pn3n3_mtILFCOzr7Y_maPLzmis_zy7v7fO1Q2P6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_msPLzmis_z7XYB8cT3cUl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">(Provision for) benefit from income taxes</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_iT_pn3n3_mtPLzmis_maNILzUXG_z19YhaOn0Zw6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">NET INCOME</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProfitLoss" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">29,005</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_iN_pn3n3_di_msNILzUXG_zAl5kWkmxUei" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">416</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_iT_pn3n3_mtNILzUXG_zfSLkTVEMxa9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO IDT CORPORATION</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareAbstract_iB" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareBasic_i01_pip0_z5MNgG0rMBVh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareDiluted_i01_pip0_zzlqn5uWMdw9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Diluted</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="0" unitRef="USDPShares">3.70</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 69 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="Saa_004"></span>IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="Saa_005"></span>IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (in thousands)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_30F_114_pn3n3_zspzn1eRdpNg" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B2_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--CommonStockMember_us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis_us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zBTS3HaL3M63" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Amount</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BE_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--CommonStockMember_us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis_us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zJ9gss5uYkx5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Amount</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B2_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_zi1qaaMCxEX9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Loss</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BE_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--RetainedEarningsMember_zQXUJBrmvja" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Deficit</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B1_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--NoncontrollingInterestMember_zIrttOPW0sd3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Interests</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B5_zbcF988LA3ri" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Equity</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="30" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">IDT
    Corporation Stockholders</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Class
                                            A</span></p>
                                                                              <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Common
                                            Stock</span></p></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Class
                                            B</span></p>
                                               <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Common
                                            Stock</span></p></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Additional
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    <td colspan="2" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Treasury</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Accumulated
    Other Comprehensive</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Accumulated</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Noncontrolling</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Total</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Shares</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Amount</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Shares</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Amount</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Capital</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Stock</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Loss</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Deficit</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Interests</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Equity</span></td><td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_43B_c20190801__20200731_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_iS_zG0zVZ9bnkjk" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 20%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">BALANCE
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="Saa_006"></span>IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">848</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--PaymentForAcquisitionOfWarrantInVariableInterestEntity_i01N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUzJqQ_zHOdP4sw6Nwa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_iB" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="Saa_007"></span>IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zNIQrJ27qxo8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
1&#8212;<span id="xdx_829_zCajjlvT0QV3">Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock_z8KPIRbzMHJi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86D_zXrqtvcrJH4h">Description
of Business</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Corporation (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) is a global provider of financial technology, or fintech, cloud communications, and
traditional communications services. The Company has three reportable business segments, Fintech, net2phone (formerly net2phone-Unified Communications
as a Service (&#8220;UCaaS&#8221;)), and Traditional Communications.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_zMo5jfg3Rvxl" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86A_zgjN6SbIuNOa">Basis
of Consolidation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
method of accounting applied to long-term investments, whether consolidated, equity or cost, involves an evaluation of the significant
terms of each investment that explicitly grant or suggest evidence of control or influence over the operations of the investee and includes
the identification of any variable interests in which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The consolidated financial statements include
the Company&#8217;s controlled subsidiaries and the variable interest entity in which the Company is the primary beneficiary (see Note
13). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions between the consolidated entities are eliminated.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:InvestmentPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--InvestmentPolicyTextBlock_zK2SFnqCkTZ8" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_869_zyYvXHJkxWmd">Accounting
for Investments</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investments
in businesses that the Company does not control, but in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over operating
and financial matters, are accounted for using the equity method. Investments in which the Company does not have the ability to exercise
significant influence over operating and financial matters are accounted for using the cost method. Investments in hedge funds are accounted
for using the equity method unless the Company&#8217;s interest is so minor that it has virtually no influence over operating and financial
policies, in which case these investments are accounted for using the cost method. The Company periodically evaluates its equity and
cost method investments for impairment due to declines considered to be other than temporary. If the Company determines that a decline
in fair value is other than temporary, then a charge to earnings is recorded in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221; in the accompanying
consolidated statements of income, and a new basis in the investment is established.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:UseOfEstimates"><p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_zeeQVaNwCYu9" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_869_zDw2x2HaZBse">Use
of Estimates</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#8220;U.S.
GAAP&#8221;) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying
notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock_zjC7HYYKo7zi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_869_zGKBKMrWcau9">Revenue
Recognition</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for its revenues under Accounting Standards Update (&#8220;ASU&#8221;) No. 2014-09, <i>Revenue from Contracts with Customers
(Topic 606)</i>, and the amendments thereto (collectively referred to as Accounting Standards Codification, or &#8220;ASC&#8221; 606).
The core principle of ASC 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers
in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, and
the guidance defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle. The five-step process is as follows: (i) identify the contract(s)
with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract(s), (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the
transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract(s), and (v) recognize revenue when, or as, the entity satisfies a performance
obligation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock_zpXh7Hh3Ew76" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86F_zKAyFGwdxQk3">Direct
Cost of Revenues</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Direct
cost of revenues consists primarily of termination and origination costs, toll-free costs, and network costs&#8212;including customer/carrier
interconnect charges and fiber circuit charges. These costs include an estimate of charges for which invoices have not yet been received,
and estimated amounts for pending disputes with other carriers. Direct cost of revenues also includes the cost of airtime top-up minutes.
Direct cost of revenues excludes depreciation and amortization expense.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock_zYL3f1TxT6Eh" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash
and Cash Equivalents</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesPolicy"><p id="xdx_840_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesPolicy_zyJiKUI59qtk" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_868_zzXYxoOmdK7j">Debt
Securities</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s investments in debt securities are classified as &#8220;available-for-sale.&#8221; Available-for-sale debt securities
are required to be carried at their fair value, with unrealized gains and losses (net of income taxes) that are considered temporary
in nature recorded in &#8220;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company
uses the specific identification method in computing the gross realized gains and gross realized losses on the sales of debt securities.
The Company periodically evaluates its investments in debt securities for impairment due to declines in market value considered to be
other than temporary. Such impairment evaluations include, in addition to persistent, declining market prices, general economic and Company-specific
evaluations. If the Company determines that a decline in market value is other than temporary, then a charge to operations is recorded
in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated statements of income and a new cost basis in the investment
is established.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 73 -->
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    <div style="margin-bottom: 0pt; break-before: page; margin-top: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_849_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsPolicyTextBlock_zFtcyZrG76sk" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86B_zN13L5u3qBYb">Equity
Investments</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investments
in equity securities (except those accounted for under the equity method or that result in consolidation) are measured at fair value,
with changes in fair value recognized in net income. For investments in equity securities without a readily determinable fair value,
the Company elects the measurement alternative and measures these investments at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting
from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer. At each reporting date,
the Company reassesses whether the investment still qualifies for this measurement alternative. Further, at each reporting date, the
Company performs a qualitative assessment to evaluate whether the investment is impaired. If the qualitative assessment indicates that
the investment is impaired and the fair value of the investment is less than its carrying value, the carrying amount of the investment
will be reduced and the resulting loss recognized in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated statements
of income in the period the impairment is identified.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="IDT:DisbursementPrefundingPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--DisbursementPrefundingPolicyTextBlock_zn7M521386mc" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_869_zG6e01AG9Kui">Disbursement
Prefunding</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company maintains relationships with disbursement partners in various countries for its money transfer and Mobile Top-Up services. The
Company maintains prefunding balances with these disbursement partners, so they can satisfy the Company&#8217;s customer liabilities.
The Company does not earn interest on these balances. The balances are not compensating balances and are not legally restricted.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84A_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock_z9GRVF7qKp81" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86C_zU9r5wGqIQAc">Property,
Plant, and Equipment and Intangible Assets</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equipment,
computer software, and furniture and fixtures are recorded at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated
useful lives, which range as follows: equipment&#8212;<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zAH9RDl68Y73" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_MinimumMember_us-gaap_EquipmentMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">5</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zSKRwFqXyHwf" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquipmentMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">7</ix:nonNumeric></span> or <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zCm23sQE5vM9" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_MaximumMember_us-gaap_EquipmentMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">20</ix:nonNumeric></span> years; computer software&#8212;<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zbe9yQRZVCJk" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_MinimumMember_custom_ComputerSoftwareMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">2</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zncCWecX32dl" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_ComputerSoftwareMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">3</ix:nonNumeric></span> or <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zgJgV3z4xZT1" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_MaximumMember_custom_ComputerSoftwareMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">5</ix:nonNumeric></span> years; and furniture and fixtures&#8212;<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_zftXqtLTrAWl" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_MinimumMember_us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">5</ix:nonNumeric></span>,
<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_ztBiI4iBbCJ9" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">7</ix:nonNumeric></span> or <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_zFialTGJGhs6" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_MaximumMember_us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">10</ix:nonNumeric></span> years. Leasehold improvements are recorded at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the term of their lease
or their estimated useful lives, whichever is shorter.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
fair value of non-compete agreements, customer relationships, and tradenames acquired in  business combinations are amortized over their
estimated useful lives (see Notes 6 and 12).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company tests the recoverability of its property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets with finite useful lives whenever events
or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The Company tests for recoverability
based on the projected undiscounted cash flows to be derived from such asset. If the projected undiscounted future cash flows are less
than the carrying value of the asset, the Company will record an impairment loss, if any, based on the difference between the estimated
fair value and the carrying value of the asset. The Company generally measures fair value by considering sale prices for similar assets
or by discounting estimated future cash flows from such asset using an appropriate discount rate. Cash flow projections and fair value
estimates require significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions prove to be incorrect, the
Company may be required to record impairments in future periods and such impairments could be material.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy"><p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy_zLHYWGOv8k91" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_863_zZIE0GjIVp95">Goodwill</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Goodwill
is the excess of the consideration paid for a business over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill and
other indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized. Instead, these assets are reviewed annually (or more frequently under
various conditions) for impairment. The Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is
necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. However, the Company may elect to perform the quantitative goodwill
impairment test even if no indications of a potential impairment exist.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">When
performing its quantitative annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test the Company is comparing the fair value of its reporting units
with their carrying amounts. The Company would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the
reporting unit&#8217;s fair value; however, the loss recognized would not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting
unit. Additionally, the Company considers income tax effects from any tax-deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of its reporting
unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. The fair value of the reporting units is estimated using discounted
cash flow methodologies, as well as considering third party market value indicators. The Company&#8217;s use of a discounted cash flow
methodology includes estimates of future revenue based upon budgets and projections. The Company also develops estimates for future levels
of gross and operating profits and projected capital expenditures. The Company&#8217;s methodology also includes the use of estimated
discount rates based upon industry and competitor analysis as well as other factors. Calculating the fair value of the reporting units
requires significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions regarding the fair value of the reporting
units prove to be incorrect, the Company may be required to record impairments to its goodwill in future periods and such impairments
could be material.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 74 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_845_eus-gaap--AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock_zZgVf7mM5h1j" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_865_zo5P44NgynUl">Advertising
Expense</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cost
of advertising is charged to selling, general and administrative expenses in the period in which it is incurred. In fiscal 2022, fiscal
2021, and fiscal 2020, advertising expense was $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zgeK1ARXiiPa" title="Advertising expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">17.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zlmUQ0JTEb68" title="Advertising expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">15.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million, and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zbODDzgYtSt2" title="Advertising expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">15.7</ix:nonFraction> </span>million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:InternalUseSoftwarePolicy"><p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--InternalUseSoftwarePolicy_zmnfHinLOYJ1" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86A_z1CJGOLOOcya">Capitalized
Internal Use Software Costs</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_901_ecustom--InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_z10bUC9d2ZW1" title="Internal use software policy description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" name="IDT:InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription">The
Company capitalizes the cost of internal-use software that has a useful life in excess of one year</ix:nonNumeric></span>. These costs consist of payments made
to third parties and the salaries of employees working on such software development. Subsequent additions, modifications or upgrades
to internal-use software are capitalized only to the extent that they allow the software to perform a task it previously did not perform.
Software maintenance and training costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. Capitalized internal use software costs
are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Amortization expense related to such capitalized software in
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zTkdN715jAaf" title="Amortization expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">12.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_z0xHy2p2CmNj" title="Amortization expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">12.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million, and $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zMb9qeNR61Vc" title="Amortization expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">14.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively. Unamortized capitalized
internal use software costs at July 31, 2022 and 2021 were $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_z74UB0pqhFce" title="Unamortized capital expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">18.7</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet_iI_pn5n6_c20210731_z3XUpM4OzWak" title="Unamortized capital expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">16.7</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:MaintenanceCostPolicyPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--MaintenanceCostPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zEabTVuL3aFj" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_861_zBKQkBAdawmf">Repairs
and Maintenance</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company charges the cost of repairs and maintenance, including the cost of replacing minor items not constituting substantial betterment,
to selling, general and administrative expenses as these costs are incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_znN5iIHE84Ab" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_860_zveKvx0e7gGj">Foreign
Currency Translation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Assets
and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries denominated in foreign currencies are translated to U.S. Dollars at end-of-period rates of exchange,
and their monthly results of operations are translated to U.S. Dollars at the average rates of exchange for that month. Gains or losses
resulting from such foreign currency translations are recorded in &#8220;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#8221; in the accompanying
consolidated balance sheets. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are reported in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221;
in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between
the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance is
provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The ultimate realization
of deferred tax assets depends on the generation of future taxable income during the period in which related temporary differences become
deductible. The Company considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning
strategies in its assessment of a valuation allowance. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected
to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred
tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date of such change.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company uses a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Company
determines whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related
appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. In evaluating whether a tax position has met the more-likely-than-not
recognition threshold, the Company presumes that the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority that has full knowledge
of all relevant information. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured to determine the amount
of tax benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater
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recognized in the financial statements will generally result in one or more of the following: an increase in a liability for income taxes
payable, a reduction of an income tax refund receivable, a reduction in a deferred tax asset, or an increase in a deferred tax liability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock_zqNZT25oW154" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_866_zUzWSVvmKLCc">Contingencies</span></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accrues for loss contingencies when both (a) information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that
it is probable that a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and (b) the amount of loss can reasonably be
estimated. When the Company accrues for loss contingencies and the reasonable estimate of the loss is within a range, the Company records
its best estimate within the range. When no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the Company accrues the
minimum amount in the range. The Company discloses an estimated possible loss or a range of loss when it is at least reasonably possible
that a loss may have been incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted
average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is determined
in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject
to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect
of such increase is anti-dilutive.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#8217;s
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A9_zTh3EdSuty49" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_zX9UfD090Dvd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following outstanding stock options were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise prices of the
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BF_z0IMgsXdreCc" style="display: none">Schedule of Outstanding Stock Options Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AB_zd2xEPMb0Vzj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy"><p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy_zqu8r0V0cRhe" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86C_zx1CojSxU2I3">Stock-Based
Compensation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes compensation expense for its grants of stock-based awards based on the estimated fair value on the grant date. Compensation
cost for awards is recognized using the straight-line method over the requisite service period, which is usually the vesting period.
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Financial
instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, restricted
cash and cash equivalents, debt securities, equity investments, and trade accounts receivable. The Company holds cash and cash equivalents
at several major financial institutions, which often exceed FDIC insurance limits. Historically, the Company has not experienced any
losses due to such concentration of credit risk. The Company&#8217;s temporary cash investments policy is to limit the dollar amount
of investments with any one financial institution and monitor the credit ratings of those institutions. While the Company may be exposed
to credit losses due to the nonperformance of the holders of its deposits, the Company does not expect the settlement of these transactions
to have a material effect on its results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Concentration
of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is limited due to the large number of customers in various geographic regions
and industry segments comprising the Company&#8217;s customer base. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of consolidated revenues
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021 or fiscal 2020. However, the Company&#8217;s five largest customers collectively accounted for <span id="xdx_906_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zEw1r9vVAkha" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember_us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">12.5</ix:nonFraction></span>%, <span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zFCzrpoDpZy9" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember_us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">14.5</ix:nonFraction></span>%,
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July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. This concentration of customers increases the Company&#8217;s risk associated with nonpayment by
those customers. In an effort to reduce such risk, the Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its significant customers. In addition,
the Company attempts to mitigate the credit risk related to specific IDT Global (formerly known as Carrier Services) customers by also
buying services from the customer, in order to create an opportunity to offset its payables and receivables and reduce its net trade
receivable exposure risk. When it is practical to do so, the Company will increase its purchases from IDT Global customers with receivable
balances that exceed the Company&#8217;s applicable payables in order to maximize the offset and reduce its credit risk.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy"><p id="xdx_840_eus-gaap--ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy_zZ7YtTcfygMi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_861_zjFTa0KNtKFl">Allowance
for Doubtful Accounts</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company estimates the balance of its allowance for doubtful accounts by analyzing accounts receivable balances by age and applying historical
write-off and collection trend rates. The Company&#8217;s estimates include separately providing for customer receivables based on specific
circumstances and credit conditions, and when it is deemed probable that the balance is uncollectible. Account balances are written off
against the allowance when it is determined that the receivable will not be recovered. The change in the allowance for doubtful accounts
is as follows:</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:AccountsReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--AccountsReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossTableTextBlock_zpq3YYQehuCe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zcEBREfuOoxh" style="display: none">Schedule of Changes In Allowance For Doubtful Accounts</span></span></p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
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                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">end of year</p></td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_fKDEp_z9YRq8WtfBVk" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" id="Fact001044" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">886</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zN3yJZY6Dcgg" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,882</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zqjzRGQaCQQ" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2019-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,444</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731_fKDEp_zrOYhe8ptA9l" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" id="Fact001058" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,468</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zOEwt4Km9Zs1" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,085</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F08_zjquKOqRBlAk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F16_zVIaBGAJ6iC" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:footnote id="Footnote001061" xml:lang="en-US">Primarily uncollectible
accounts written off, net of recoveries.</ix:footnote></span></td>
</tr></table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A8_zsmavfKjA0p3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_848_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zXydR0TINMo1" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_861_zCwkxBMxGsG6">Fair
Value Measurements</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fair
value of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities is defined as an exit price, which is the price that would be received to
sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The three-tier
hierarchy for inputs used to measure fair value, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, is
as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    1</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">quoted
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">quoted
    prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">unobservable
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
financial asset or liability&#8217;s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant
to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment
and may affect the valuation of the assets and liabilities being measured and their placement within the fair value hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_848_eus-gaap--LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_zmcLQ4tq5J7j" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_865_zrUb2fJyqWub">Leases</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for its leases under ASU No. 2016-02, <i>Leases (Topic 842)</i>, and the amendments thereto (collectively referred
to as &#8220;ASC 842&#8221;). ASC 842 established a right-of-use (&#8220;ROU&#8221;) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU
asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet on the lease commencement date for all leases with terms longer than 12 months.
Leases are classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income
statement. The lease liability represents the present value of the Company&#8217;s obligation to make payments over the lease term.
The present value of the lease payments is calculated using the incremental borrowing rate based on the rate of interest that the
Company would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. Operating
leases with a term of 12 months or less are not recorded in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets and the Company
recognizes lease cost for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 77 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zu65AVpNz1Zi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_862_z3mgFYTAcLF1">Recently
Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">In June 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&#8220;FASB&#8221;),
issued ASU No. 2022-03, <i>Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)</i>, <i>Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual
Sale Restrictions,</i> that clarifies that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit
of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value. The ASU also requires specific disclosures
related to equity securities that are subject to contractual sales restrictions. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU prospectively
on August 1, 2024. The Company is evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, <i>Financial
Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326)</i>, <i>Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,</i> that changes the
impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For receivables, loans and other instruments, entities
will be required to use a new forward-looking current expected credit loss model that generally will result in the earlier
recognition of allowance for losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, entities will measure credit
losses in a manner similar to current practice, except the losses will be recognized as allowances instead of reductions in the
amortized cost of the securities. In addition, an entity will have to disclose significantly more information about allowances,
credit quality indicators, and past due securities. The new provisions will be applied as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained
earnings. The Company will adopt the new standard on August 1, 2023. The Company is evaluating the impact that the new standard will
have on its consolidated financial statements.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80B_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_zvCGjcpErQd5" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
2&#8212;<span id="xdx_82E_zZD4vgYFskz3">Business Segment Information</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--NumberOfReportableSegments_dc_uInteger_c20210801__20220731_zCvNdS7aCEoc" title="Number of Reportable Segments"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="INF" unitRef="Integer">three</ix:nonFraction></span> reportable business segments, Fintech, net2phone, and Traditional Communications. The Company&#8217;s reportable
segments are distinguished by types of service, customers, and methods used to provide their services. The operating results of these
business segments are regularly reviewed by the Company&#8217;s chief operating decision maker. The accounting policies of the segments
are the same as the accounting policies of the Company as a whole. There are no significant asymmetrical allocations to segments. The
Company evaluates the performance of its business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In fiscal 2022, a line of business was reclassified to the net2phone segment from the Traditional Communications segment. Comparative
segment information has been reclassified and restated in all periods to conform to the current period presentation.&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Fintech segment is comprised of National Retail Solutions (&#8220;NRS&#8221;), an operator of a nationwide point of sale (&#8220;POS&#8221;)
network providing payment processing, digital advertising, transaction data, and ancillary services, and BOSS Money, a provider of international
money remittance and related value/payment transfer services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net2phone segment is comprised of net2phone&#8217;s cloud communications offerings.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Traditional Communications segment includes Mobile Top-Up, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging,
and data to international and domestic mobile accounts, BOSS Revolution Calling, an international long-distance calling service marketed
primarily to immigrant communities in the United States and Canada, and IDT Global, a wholesale provider of international voice and SMS
termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional Communications also includes other small
businesses and offerings including early-stage business initiatives and mature businesses in harvest mode.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
costs mainly include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing,
corporate governance including Board of Directors&#8217; fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance,
corporate legal,  and other corporate-related general and administrative
expenses. Corporate does not generate any revenues, nor does it incur any direct cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock"><p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zFx7m7oh6GJ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B3_zbSIAqpnbWqa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Total</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A4_zKlKjVnGDFCi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
assets for the reportable segments are not provided because a significant portion of the Company&#8217;s assets are servicing multiple
segments and the Company does not track such assets separately by segment.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Geographic
Information</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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long-lived assets and total assets held outside of the United States, which are located primarily in Western Europe, were as follows:&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BC_zF2I5j7KYLT" style="display: none">Schedule of Net Long-lived Assets and Total Assets by Geographic Areas</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">United</p>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 46%; text-align: left">Long-lived assets, net</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Assets_c20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" title="Total assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Assets" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_country_US" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">254,839</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold">July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Long-lived assets, net</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_c20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" title="Long-lived assets, net" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_country_US" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,949</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OtherCountriesMember_zqTGM7p4FnZ5" title="Long-lived assets, net" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_OtherCountriesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,880</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_c20210731_pn3n3" title="Long-lived assets, net" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,829</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OtherCountriesMember_zKpWPFCpXCid" title="Total assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Assets" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_OtherCountriesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">284,327</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A7_zESA3gqI7I08" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock"><p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_z7t1q83LVaz2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
3&#8212;<span id="xdx_82D_zDAavVDDcte1">Revenue Recognition</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contracts
with Customers</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">The Company earns revenue from contracts with customers, primarily
through the provision of retail telecommunications and payment offerings as well as wholesale international voice and SMS termination.
BOSS Money, NRS, and net2phone are technology-driven, synergistic businesses that leverage the Company&#8217;s core assets. BOSS Money
and NRS&#8217; revenues are primarily recognized at a point in time, and net2phone&#8217;s revenue is mainly recognized over time. Traditional
Communications are mostly minute-based, paid-voice communications services, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time. The
Company&#8217;s most significant revenue streams are from Mobile Top-Up, BOSS Revolution Calling, and IDT Global. Mobile Top-Up and BOSS
Revolution Calling are sold direct-to-consumers and through distributors and retailers.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mobile
Top-Up</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mobile
Top-Up is sold direct-to-consumers and through distributors and retailers in the same manner as BOSS Revolution Calling. The Company
does not terminate the minutes in its Mobile Top-Up transactions. The Company&#8217;s performance obligation is to recharge (top-up)
the airtime balance of a mobile account on behalf of the Company&#8217;s customer. The Company has contracts with various mobile operators
or aggregators to provide the Mobile Top-Up service. The Company determined that it is the principal in primarily all its Mobile Top-Up
transactions as the Company controls the service to top-up a mobile account on behalf of the Company&#8217;s customer. However, for the
portion of its Mobile Top-Up business where the Company has no customer service responsibilities, no inventory risk, and does not establish
the price, the Company determined that, as the Company is not considered to control the arrangement, it acts as an agent of the mobile
operators. The Company records gross revenues based on the amount billed to the customer when it is the principal in the arrangement
and records revenue net of the associated costs incurred when it acts as an agent in the arrangement. The performance obligation is satisfied,
and revenue is recognized when the recharge of the mobile account occurs. Accordingly, transfer of control happens at the point in time
that the airtime is recharged, which is when the Company has a right to payment and the customer has accepted the service.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling direct-to-consumers</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">BOSS Revolution Calling direct-to-consumers is offered on a pay-as-you-go
basis or in unlimited plans. The customer prepays for service in both cases, which results in a contract liability (deferred revenue).
The contract term for pay-as-you-go plans is minute-to-minute that includes separate performance obligations for the series of material
rights to renew the contract. The performance obligation is satisfied immediately after it arises, and the amount of consideration is
known when the obligation is satisfied. Since the Company&#8217;s satisfaction of its performance obligation and the customer&#8217;s
use of the service occur simultaneously, the Company recognizes revenue at the point in time when minutes are utilized, since the customer
obtained control and the Company has a present right to payment. For unlimited plans, the Company has a stand-ready obligation to provide
service over time for an agreed upon term. Unlimited plans include fixed consideration over the term. Plan fees for unlimited plans are
generally refundable at the request of the customer up to three days after payment if there was no usage. Since the Company&#8217;s satisfaction
of its performance obligation and the customer&#8217;s use of the service occur over the term of the plan, the Company recognizes revenue
over a period of time as the service is rendered. The Company uses an output method as time elapses because it reflects the pattern by
which the Company satisfies its performance obligation through the transfer of service to the customer. The fixed upfront consideration
is recognized evenly over the service period, which is generally 24 hours, 7 days, or one month.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling sold through distributors and retailers</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling sold through distributors and retailers is the same service as BOSS Revolution Calling sold direct-to-consumers.
The Company sells capacity to international calling minutes to retailers, or to distributors who resell to retailers. The retailer
or distributor is the Company&#8217;s customer in these transactions. The Company&#8217;s sales price to retailers and distributors,
net of discounts, is less than the end user rate for BOSS Revolution Calling minutes. The customer or the Company may terminate
their agreement at any time upon thirty days written notice without penalty. Retailers may sell BOSS Revolution Calling on a
pay-as-you-go basis or in unlimited plans. As described above, for pay-as-you-go, the Company recognizes revenue at the point in
time when minutes are utilized, and for unlimited plans, the Company recognizes revenue over a period of time as the service is
rendered. Retailers and distributors also receive initial commissions upon sale to end users, and renewal commissions when certain
end users subsequently purchase minutes directly from the Company. Initial and renewal commission payments are accounted for as a
reduction of the transaction price over time as the end user uses the service.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global services are offered to both postpaid and prepaid customers. Postpaid customers are billed in arrears and typically consist of
credit-worthy companies such as Tier 1 carriers and mobile network operators. Prepaid customers are typically smaller communications
companies and independent call aggregators. There is no performance obligation until the transport and termination of international long-distance
calls commences. The initial contract durations range from six months to one year with successive extensions. During the initial term,
the contract can only be terminated in certain instances (such as bankruptcy of either party, damage to the other party&#8217;s network,
fraud, or breach of contract). However, no penalties are applied if the agreement is terminated in the initial term. After the initial
term has expired, either party may terminate the agreement with notice of 30 days to 60 days depending on the agreement. The term of
the contract is essentially minute-to-minute as there is no penalty for an early termination and no obligation to send traffic.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
iteration is a separate optional purchase that is occurring over the contract duration (that is, minute-by-minute). The satisfaction
of the performance obligation is occurring at a point in time (as the minutes are transferred) because the provision of the service and
the satisfaction of the performance obligation are essentially occurring simultaneously. Revenue is recognized at the point in time upon
delivery of the service.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has not generally entered into contracts that have retroactive pricing features. Additionally, as the performance obligations
are considered minute-by-minute obligations in the original contract, any modification of the original contract that leads to a conclusion
that there is a new contract would not result in any adjustment related to the original contract&#8217;s consideration.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company provides discounts to its larger customers based on the expectation of a significant volume of minutes that are consistent with
that class of customer in the wholesale carrier market. The discounts do not provide a material right to the customer because the customer
receives the same pricing for all usage under the contract.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global&#8217;s contracts may include tiered pricing based on minute volumes. The Company determined that its retroactive tiered pricing
should be accounted for as variable consideration because the final transaction price is unknown until the customer completes or fails
to complete the specified threshold. Currently, contracts with retroactive tiered pricing are not material. The Company estimates the
amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price only to the extent that it is probable that a subsequent change
in the estimate would not result in a significant revenue reversal.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company enters into Notification of Reciprocal Transmission (&#8220;NORT&#8221;) transactions, in which the Company commits to purchase
a specific number of wholesale carrier minutes to other specific destinations at specified rates, and the counterparty commits to purchase
from the Company a specific number of minutes to specific destinations at specified rates. The number of minutes purchased and sold is
not necessarily the same. The rates in these reciprocal transactions are generally not at prevailing market rates, and the amounts paid
to the counterparty in excess of market rates are reflected as a reduction in revenue received from the customer. In addition, the Company
enters into transactions in which it swaps minutes with another carrier. The Company recognizes revenue and the related direct cost of
revenue for these reciprocal and swap transactions based on the fair value of the minutes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global&#8217;s NORT contracts include the promise of minimum guaranteed amounts of traffic. The performance obligation represents a stand
ready obligation to provide the specified number of minutes over the contractual term. The initial terms of NORT contracts generally
range from one month to six months. Since the Company&#8217;s satisfaction of its performance obligation of routing calls to their destination
includes a minimum guaranteed amount of traffic, the Company recognizes revenue over a period of time as the service is rendered. The
customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company&#8217;s performance as the Company performs. The Company
uses an output method as the usage of minutes occur because it reflects the pattern by which the Company satisfies its performance obligation
through the transfer of service to the customer.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 80 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disaggregated
Revenues</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B6_zq0lpdJETNRl" style="display: none">Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers</span>&#160;</span></p>

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  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zxUJ22gzvTIf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_zpx73K4npumg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table shows the Company&#8217;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location.
On July 31, 2020, the Company restructured certain operations for tax purposes resulting in the change of geographic sourcing of revenues
from the Netherlands to the United States, and on February 1, 2021, geographic sourcing was changed from the United States to the United
Kingdom.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zsHDWi35VCpc" style="display: none">Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">(in thousands)</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Total</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Year ended July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Outside the United States:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">United Kingdom</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zZ1cQ6ydujM" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1247">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zbseknQHfkR9" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_GB" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">311,847</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zXZJSmULB2jc" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_NL" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zPCkj3yAzB8" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1257">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zpJeDiCq7cV" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_country_NL" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Other</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zvhhAIFL2FR5" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_custom_OthersMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">28,050</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zb8rBqRbGyR" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_OthersMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">78,824</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zKw1hluzHRdi" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_FintechMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,996</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zhCtcQA3kQIb" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">28,080</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zIO6AxuBEQNk" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">360,625</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zwVUcQfbHu7k" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">390,701</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_ziLLRbNBDjl4" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">58,185</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zX51BPxKONO3" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,197,108</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z5MRRIrj2CM5" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,364,057</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Year ended July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zKbzOO4jI4Kh" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_FintechMember_country_US" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">74,344</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_z9EDAl4khawi" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_US" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,093</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zCZ9F10Sjm22" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_US" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,033,814</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zviMcWrDfzwk" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_country_US" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,131,251</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Outside the United States:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">United Kingdom</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z2nLGU7ixpAj" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1293">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zbzqQUOyMHqf" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1295">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zRCzvXXnUqHd" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_GB" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">241,590</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zt9yo0fUxeP2" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_country_GB" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">241,590</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Netherlands</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zrC5FSkMEMm6" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1301">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_z8mufF40Nau7" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_NL" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">28</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zlnJvEbfcDd4" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1305">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zphYQ2mykWW3" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_country_NL" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">28</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Other</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zPMBoKABKGHa" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1309">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zouoKFBIKx9a" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_custom_OthersMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">21,381</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zD9gZPu7zHw4" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_custom_OthersMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">52,740</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zVfQnN7vykQ8" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_OthersMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">74,121</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total outside the United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zdJbGhACHahg" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1317">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zWtqO6VcB6tj" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">21,409</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zZIegFqRXVDi" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">294,330</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zqPG09GADM6l" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">315,739</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zVYcfCViJZFj" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_FintechMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">74,344</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zVCDkdFHg0U3" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">44,502</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zpdm7NVwlhx1" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,328,144</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zQQ05dgkRsVk" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,446,990</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Year ended July 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zuRm8NZYnkZf" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_FintechMember_country_US" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">59,924</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zjLbacMjhEp3" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_US" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,506</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_US" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">849,920</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" title="Total" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_country_US" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">925,350</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Outside the United States:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">United Kingdom</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zsYNmkKpC1Vh" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1341">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zFWvgYl4KYj1" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_GB" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zUQ3C4KbY3qg" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_GB" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">131,704</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z1JwDNCLhDrk" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_country_GB" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">131,716</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Netherlands</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zU73O3QGK5l7" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1349">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zEZwIdeeqP62" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_NL" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zovRBcXYWDU4" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_NL" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">210,729</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_za4d6TfUm9R9" title="Total outside the United States" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_country_NL" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">210,743</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Other</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zwIOEWDDBnD6" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1357">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zsbpBeygSD9d" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_custom_OthersMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16,922</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zQX1miA9U4Dj" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_custom_OthersMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">61,038</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zHjpw1n7Czs" title="Total outside the United States" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_OthersMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">77,960</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total outside the United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zf7KQQfebmga" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">32,454</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zdSIyIaydFb3" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,253,391</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zkXVJtOw46e" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,345,769</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A8_zgW4ClXi3COe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Remaining
Performance Obligations</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company does not have any significant revenue from performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous reporting periods.
The Company&#8217;s remaining performance obligations at July 31, 2022 and 2021 had an original expected duration of one year or less.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accounts
Receivable and Contract Balances</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to the Company&#8217;s customers. Trade accounts receivable in the
Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets represent unconditional rights to consideration. The Company would record a contract asset
when revenue is recognized in advance of its right to bill and receive consideration. The Company has not identified any contract assets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contract
liabilities arise when the Company receives consideration or bills its customers prior to providing the goods or services promised in
the contract. The Company&#8217;s contract liability balance is primarily payments received for prepaid BOSS Revolution Calling. Contract
liabilities are recognized as revenue when services are provided to the customer. The Company estimates its expected breakage revenue
by revenue stream recorded each month, based on inputs and assumptions about usage of the deferred revenue balances. The Company used
its historical deferred revenue usage data by revenue stream to calculate the percentage of deferred revenue by month that will become
breakage. The historical data indicated that customers utilize a very high percentage of minutes purchased in the first three months.
The Company reviews its estimates quarterly based on updated data and adjusts the monthly estimates accordingly.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
contract liability balances are presented in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets as &#8220;Deferred revenue&#8221;. The Company&#8217;s
revenue recognized in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning
of the period was $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_z4B3EycM4Je9" title="Contract liability"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">28.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zkmSElyDmdrj" title="Contract liability"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">28.7</ix:nonFraction></span> million, and $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_z3AZozrkbtii" title="Contract liability"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">32.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition and Fulfillment Costs</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes its incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer that it expects to recover as an asset. The Company&#8217;s
incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are sales commissions paid to employees and third parties on sales to end users.
If the amortization period would be one year or less for the asset that would be recognized from deferring these costs, the Company applies
the practical expedient whereby the Company charges these costs to expense when incurred. For net2phone sales, the Company defers
these costs and amortizes them over the expected customer relationship period when it is expected to exceed one year.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s costs to fulfill its contracts do not meet the criteria to be recognized as an asset, therefore these costs are charged
to expense as incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_zjMj52DQTL5g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_zBgmSxqFIDS8" style="display: none">Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220731_zQf8hTZrh0n4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210731_zOsM5mIAv2Hf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zezOgz9l2dZe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,085</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,460</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zWRjXgDdUY34" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other assets&#8221;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,469</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,151</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCCNzHg2_zb3mBx2LWtTi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,554</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,611</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A2_zAc6yEOWIX7b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company&#8217;s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs was $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zMfki94k6Mw2" title="Capitalized contract cost, amortization"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">4.4</ix:nonFraction></span>
million, $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zW258ubLlzT9" title="Capitalized contract cost, amortization"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million, and $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zzsstQyyWL1a" title="Capitalized contract cost, amortization"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_zrKd1m4vXDBd" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
4&#8212;<span id="xdx_82F_ztxA9EJapLLi">Leases</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s leases primarily consist of operating leases for office space. These leases have remaining terms from less than <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zYxCyrCmeAJ" title="Lessee, operating lease, term of contract"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract">one year</ix:nonNumeric></span>
to <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zD26idsBX7oi" title="Lessee, operating lease, term of contract"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract">six years</ix:nonNumeric></span>. net2phone also has operating leases for office equipment. Certain of these leases include renewal options that may
be exercised and/or options to terminate the lease. The Company has concluded that it is not reasonably certain that it would exercise
the options to extend or terminate the leases.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
is the lessee in equipment leases that are classified as finance leases. The assets and liabilities related to these finance leases are
not material to the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company leases office and parking space in a building and parking garage located at 520 Broad St, Newark, New Jersey that was owned
by the Company&#8217;s former subsidiary, Rafael Holdings, Inc. (&#8220;Rafael&#8221;). On August 22, 2022, Rafael sold the building
and parking garage to an unrelated third party. The Company&#8217;s lease in that building continues with the new owner. The Company
also leases office space in Israel from Rafael. Howard S. Jonas, the Chairman of the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors, is also the
Chairman of the Board of Directors of Rafael. <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--GeographicDistributionAxis__custom--NewarkMember_zeAvESdMBFj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_NewarkMember" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription">The
Newark lease expires in April 2025 and the Israel lease expires in July 2025.</ix:nonNumeric></span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company incurred lease costs of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zlMrNUCUATWe" title="Incurred lease cost"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.0</ix:nonFraction></span>
million, $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zHDP7kGllqN1" title="Incurred lease cost"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.9</ix:nonFraction></span> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million,
and $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zdf2OD8dWrZf" title="Incurred lease cost"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.9</ix:nonFraction></span>
million, respectively, in connection with the Rafael leases, which is included in operating lease cost in the table
below.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zTJFJSZAJa6d" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#8217;s operating leases were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zNa6ofDO51n5" style="display: none">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Year ended July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20210801__20220731_z1S2hY4ARtRh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20200801__20210731_zXSa6iQx5bj1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20190801__20200731_zZWgiQtDAYF4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_zeeyn8Y0MIV2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%; text-align: left">Operating lease cost</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_pn3n3_zHZMTlraFZQi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Short-term lease cost</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,348</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">620</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">246</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_pn3n3_zEoTNCFvEkxj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL LEASE COST</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseCost" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,249</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseCost" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,444</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseCost" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,078</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zmsNQaahBOJ5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Operating cash flows from operating
leases</p></td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,857</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,779</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,745</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_z1Vv5PIDUogj" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
                                 Operating cash flows from operating leases</p></td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,857</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,779</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,745</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A5_zk4yxobstGcj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="IDT:ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_898_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zDJNfRy6eUu4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zGSgIyGWL0X2">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Weighted-average remaining lease term-operating leases</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20220731_zaWi3Q0amiNd" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">2.8</ix:nonNumeric></span> years</b></span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20210731_zTgb05g1LnY9" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">3.4</ix:nonNumeric></span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Weighted-average discount rate-operating leases</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20220731_z8NqJ2EULan6" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">3.0</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210731_zAKQSYH1QMs" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">2.9</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A4_zmWWF1MloVH7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, the Company entered into new office leases with an aggregate operating lease liability of $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_z0Y8EVcvTafh" title="Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Operating Lease Liability"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million and
$<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zR1Fee62jHql" title="Operating lease liability"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively. The Company&#8217;s aggregate operating lease liability was as follows:</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="IDT:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_895_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zAAIUk95nBxh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_zPbmUi06JKSi" style="display: none">Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20220731_zdhnmAwfprXb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20210731_zjwAsQYhw4F2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zB0cbkHhqr06" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities included in &#8220;Other current liabilities&#8221;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,899</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,456</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zZVzmlBhhupg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,606</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzDbj_zlkLB5WtagU8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,929</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AC_zvdOKpuH7UP8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zSLCzSuBaqRh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zDJnto9PGgN5" style="display: none">Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20220731_zZ55U9dGbuoi">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Year ending July 31:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z90lglJVuHH6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 78%; text-align: left">2023</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zI6VveOvN2yd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">2026</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">2027</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zmDDto2Cz0A4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Thereafter</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Total lease payments</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Less imputed interest</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  </table>


</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A0_zn0KNAnwyOVc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 83 -->
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    <div style="margin-bottom: 0pt; break-before: page; margin-top: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></p><p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_zrv1g04Neke4" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
5&#8212;<span id="xdx_827_zFjaYiJNA9s2">Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zt0K4xcX6s4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B2_zEeUQ4XXfELe" style="display: none">Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220731_zCOsnZmkztok" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20210731_zRCdy4ZEJXni" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zMUa0b3UedKe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">98,352</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">107,147</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zPCdN4QisnU7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">91,210</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">119,769</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzDIV_zditijp1LrCl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">189,562</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">226,916</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A6_zbaK9rpXPtW5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022 and 2021, restricted cash and cash equivalents included $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_zs2244JxSqAk" title="Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">86.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_zXHNn6kCHpT7" title="Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">115.8</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively, in restricted
cash and cash equivalents for customer deposits held by IDT Financial Services Limited (&#8220;IDT Financial Services&#8221;), the Company&#8217;s
Gibraltar-based bank. Certain of the electronic money financial services regulations in Gibraltar require IDT Financial Services to safeguard
cash held for customer deposits, segregate cash held for customer deposits from any other cash that IDT Financial Services holds and
utilize the cash only for the intended payment transaction.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Company
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company treats unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC, which
provide the Company&#8217;s international money transfer services in the United States, as substantially restricted and unavailable for
other purposes. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, &#8220;Cash and cash equivalents&#8221; in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets
included an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTPaymentServicesMember_zjWNY39JGlmf" title="Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_IDTPaymentServicesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">17.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTPaymentServicesMember_zbExtVfT8nf5" title="Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_IDTPaymentServicesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">15.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively, held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of
New York, LLC, that was unavailable for other purposes.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock_zT4cXiZZ7Njk" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
6&#8212;<span id="xdx_823_zeYJRi3066kg">Acquisitions</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Integra
CCS</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 3, 2022, the Company&#8217;s subsidiary, net2phone 2.0, Inc. (&#8220;net2phone 2.0&#8221;), which owns and operates the net2phone
segment, purchased all of the outstanding shares of Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. for an aggregate purchase price of up to $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Consideration Transferred"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">15.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million.
Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. are located in Uruguay and use the trade name Integra CCS (&#8220;Integra&#8221;). Integra provides cloud-based
contact-center-as-a-service (&#8220;CCaaS&#8221;) in the Americas and Europe including omnichannel support, social media integrations,
chat-bot communications, workflow management, development tools for tailored contact center solutions and numerous third-party software
integrations. The  net2phone segment and Integra are highly synergistic and CCaaS is expected to be a source of
growth and expansion when combined with net2phone&#8217;s global sales and channel partner network.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
operating results of the acquired companies from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included in the Company&#8217;s
consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
purchase price consisted of: (a) cash of $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_pn5n6" title="Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">7.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million that was paid at closing, (b) <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions_pid_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zib82fzR3T6c" title="Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Acquisitions"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">27,765</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common
stock with a value of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_pn5n6" title="Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million that were issued at closing, (c) $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million, half of which will be paid at the end of 12 months
after closing and the remainder will be paid at the end of 24 months after closing, subject to holdback for the settlement of claims
against the sellers, if any, and (d) <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zKxhFrCDlJf8" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription">contingent consideration of up to $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh" contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million based on annual cumulative incremental recurring
seat revenue of the net2phone segment over a four-year period, payable in cash and/or equity at net2phone 2.0&#8217;s discretion.</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_IntegraCCSMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z71zI0IDqBre" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BF_zJw9OloaSjEc" style="display: none">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zaspyen1HZP4" style="text-indent: 60pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_z8cQzB7ws7Lh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 78%; text-align: left">Cash paid</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 18%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,200</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zW77V0OpVENb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">81</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zXVQqNrS4C07" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,119</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_pn3n3_z3o4VJqgrnkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pn3n3_ziRjJ44lj8V6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Future payments subject to holdback</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,158</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Contingent consideration</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_pn3n3" title="Contingent consideration" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,361</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,638</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A6_z4c4obHVqZuj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition-date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow models. This fair value measurement
was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. There was no change in the
estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to July 31, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 84 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_IntegraCCSMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zp6EYE5guopi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_z3kVUL41zLe1" style="display: none">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zDqxnWoZIaif" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets" contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Other current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther" contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">21</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment (mainly acquired technology)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">777</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Goodwill</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Customer relationships (<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zaNMA7LMx45a" title="Useful lives, years" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife">7</ix:nonNumeric></span>-year useful lives)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Tradename (<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_z5x2jiwpJjog" title="Useful lives, years" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife">5</ix:nonNumeric></span>-year useful life)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liability noncurrent portion</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Noncontrolling interests</td><td>&#160;</td>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A9_zUsmp3LxFePl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
goodwill was assigned to the net2phone segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforce and the expected synergies
from the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Leaf
Global Fintech Corporation</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 1, 2022, the Company&#8217;s subsidiary, IDT International Telecom, Inc. (&#8220;IDTIT&#8221;), purchased all of the outstanding
shares of Leaf Global Fintech Corporation (&#8220;Leaf&#8221;) for up to $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_c20220227__20220301__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_pn4n6" title="Business Combination, Consideration Transferred"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-4" scale="6" unitRef="USD">6.05</ix:nonFraction></span> million. Leaf is a provider of digital wallet services
in emerging markets currently serving unbanked customers in Rwanda, Uganda, and Kenya. The Leaf wallet is a mobile platform available
on both smartphones and non-smartphones through an app or by utilizing a USSD interface accessed via a short code. The Leaf digital wallet
enables customers to store, send, receive, and exchange currencies on their phones domestically and across borders. The Leaf platform
leverages the Stellar network for storing and disseminating transaction data while maintaining value with stablecoins. Stellar is an
open-source, decentralized blockchain network that connects global financial infrastructure, optimized for payments and specifically
to support cross-border transactions. The Company intends to utilize Leaf&#8217;s blockchain-based digital wallet to, among other things,
provide secure storage and share value to the people worldwide who use feature phones rather than smartphones, as well as expand Leaf&#8217;s
affordable mobile technology to traders, refugees, migrants, and others worldwide.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Leaf&#8217;s
operating results from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included in the Company&#8217;s consolidated financial
statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
purchase price is comprised of (a) $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_c20220227__20220301__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_pn5n6" title="Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million paid in cash at the closing, (b) a working capital adjustment for a maximum of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pp0p0_c20220227__20220301__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_z4RXM8S234D5" title="Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred" contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">50,000</ix:nonFraction></span>,
and (c) <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_zvPxUD7ARwa9" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember" name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription">contingent consideration of up to $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh" contextRef="AsOf2022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">5.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million based on annual gross profit over a five-year period</ix:nonNumeric></span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zX4r9X2maVIf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B7_zSP2MQ0w3Nuj" style="display: none">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zymJum0pl8Y2" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_zTA90d27vIi4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Cash paid</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">500</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zV6W535MRbsc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition" contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">167</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">333</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Contingent consideration</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_pn3n3" title="Contingent consideration" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,330</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_z40RNX0Jivue" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,663</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A9_z1xW0VTxh7Td" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 85 -->
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    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition-date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow models. This fair value measurement
was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. There was no change in the
estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to July 31, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock"><p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zgE2ZZji2id6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B3_z6GEiiwm4rL8" style="display: none">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_ztWhWl0BOaYd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_ztZjO15fPB5j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3_z2ZFh5m0RS0i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3_zAkXkChaoWbl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AE_z5mJR6agwOTa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
goodwill was assigned to the Fintech segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforce and the expected synergies from
the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">In September 2022, the Company determined that the requirements
for a portion of the contingent consideration payments related to the Leaf acquisition would not be met. The Company recorded a gain
of $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_pn5n6_c20220901__20220930__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zV1R93Vd8qS" title="Write-off of contingent consideration"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1" contextRef="From2022-09-012022-09-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million on the write-off of this contingent consideration payment obligation in the first quarter of fiscal 2023.</p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sochitel
UK Ltd.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 3, 2020, IDTIT acquired <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_z6cMywaeRZcg" title="Business acquired percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">51</ix:nonFraction></span>% of the issued shares of Sochitel UK Ltd. (&#8220;Sochitel&#8221;), a global hub and digital distribution
platform for mobile top-up, electronic vouchers, and other value transfer services primarily in Africa. Sochitel&#8217;s operating results
from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included in the Company&#8217;s consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zNxEZkRe5aBa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B6_zr4IE7cmYsv" style="display: none">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zilatKi34e4b" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_zBbiwu30Gk8f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Cash paid</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" contextRef="From2020-12-022020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,732</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zVCTGVeQbDp7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition" contextRef="From2020-12-022020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">344</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zuUdEEbs8Lid" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" contextRef="From2020-12-022020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,388</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Contingent consideration</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_pn3n3" title="Contingent consideration" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">393</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_zHl89a3QJKTb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A2_z9HJM7v1Y4Pi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zceLSj63GlP1" title="Contingent consideration, description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription">The
contingent consideration of $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_z6f1oEm00u39" title="Payment on contigent consideration"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million will be paid no later than November 30, 2022 if Sochitel meets an EBITDA threshold between October
1, 2021 and September 30, 2022</ix:nonNumeric></span>. The acquisition date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow
models. This fair value measurement was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement.
There was no change in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to July 31, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zZNr4gwGaVG" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_z9P1ehQoZ9P8" style="display: none">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zzXCDMNjfin5" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_iI_pn3n3_zlHo9z4qc5Cg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">656</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_iI_pn3n3_zNMlsAwY5DEh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,644</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3_zMBROigKosBl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">75</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_z9XLGkKC5016" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Goodwill</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,025</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Customer relationships (<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zVOWX6bhD0Td" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-12-022020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife">15</ix:nonNumeric></span>-year useful life)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,960</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3_zXS61mx4Qx87" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Tradenames (<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zjcbyhCDBDWg" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-12-022020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife">20</ix:nonNumeric></span>-year useful life)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">440</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets_iI_pn3n3_zxTl0Ehwijnf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Deferred income tax assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">197</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Other assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,306</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_zw6Nb8wF2JF4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
goodwill was assigned to the Traditional Communications segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforces and the expected
synergies from the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to a Put/Call Option Agreement related to the <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--OptionIndexedToIssuersEquityTypeAxis__custom--PutCallOptionAgreementMember_z6iDjvII0k6i" title="Business acquired percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember_custom_PutCallOptionAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">5</ix:nonFraction></span>% of the issued shares of Sochitel that the seller did not initially sell to IDTIT (&#8220;Option
Shares&#8221;), the seller exercised its option and on March 22, 2021, IDTIT purchased the Option Shares for $<span id="xdx_909_ecustom--OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice_iI_pn5n6_c20210322__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zDrm5CN5KIkh" title="Option of shares value"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-22_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million. The purchase
of the Option Shares resulted in a $<span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction_pn5n6_c20210321__20210322__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--NoncontrollingInterestMember_zixyASzpITBa" title="Purchase of option shares reduction"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction" contextRef="From2021-03-212021-03-22_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million reduction in &#8220;Noncontrolling interests&#8221; and a $<span id="xdx_902_ecustom--PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction_pp0p0_c20210321__20210322__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_zjmkEhXywIf5" title="Purchase of option shares reduction"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction" contextRef="From2021-03-212021-03-22_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">21,000</ix:nonFraction></span> reduction in &#8220;Additional
paid-in capital&#8221; in the consolidated balance sheets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 15, 2021, IDTIT purchased <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_ztX3FZJqzkKc" title="Business acquired percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired" contextRef="AsOf2021-06-15_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">19</ix:nonFraction></span>% of Sochitel&#8217;s issued shares from the remaining noncontrolling interest holder. The purchase
price was cash of $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn5n6_c20210614__20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_z1m4zuLCNxA9" title="Purchase price"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" contextRef="From2021-06-142021-06-15_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million plus contingent consideration of up to $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability_iI_pn5n6_c20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zNwrMHjDKuz8" title="Contingent consideration"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability" contextRef="AsOf2021-06-15_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million if Sochitel meets certain Adjusted EBITDA targets
(as defined in the purchase agreement) no later than April 1, 2023. The acquisition date fair value of the contingent consideration of
$<span id="xdx_907_ecustom--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zBqnvP6FOER4" title="Fair value of contingent consideration"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-06-15_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million was estimated using cash flow models. This fair value measurement was based on significant inputs not observable in the
market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. The purchase of the shares resulted in a $<span id="xdx_905_ecustom--NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity_pn5n6_c20210614__20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zlBqzQu6YXTa" title="Reduction in noncontrolling interest"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity" contextRef="From2021-06-142021-06-15_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction> </span>million reduction in &#8220;Noncontrolling
interests,&#8221; a $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_pn5n6_c20210614__20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zUZgiR72ACxi" title="Reduction in additional paid in capital"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" contextRef="From2021-06-142021-06-15_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million reduction in &#8220;Additional paid-in capital,&#8221; and $<span id="xdx_901_ecustom--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zLbhPXyODQyf" title="Fair value of contingent consideration"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-06-15_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million liability in the consolidated
balance sheets. There was no change in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date
to July 31, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pro
Forma Disclosures</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s pro forma results of operations as if the acquisitions occurred as of August 1, 2019 were not materially different from
the actual results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zxdThNoSqFqg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
7&#8212;<span id="xdx_82D_zXx47SOS4Mm">Debt Securities</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_zfMivDd5a1Ma" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zVM7E1VfVOz7" style="display: none">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Amortized <br /> Cost</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Gross <br /> Unrealized <br /> Gains</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Gross <br /> Unrealized <br /> Losses</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fair Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 40%">Certificates of deposit<sup id="xdx_F46_zIRVjprgdi9j">*</sup></td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zUJ0i29YE7G" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" id="Fact001697" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____ztVPX4eFPzKf" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1699">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zFN2YoIJtAJf" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="width: 11%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" id="Fact001701" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zxTfP7ZlFMMa" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" id="Fact001703" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,986</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13,848</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1707">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zOp2ScPdNL6" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">114</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13,734</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,966</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z9vqo7HTX4Sh" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">416</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,551</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Municipal bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,035</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1723">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zDArEDN6zf3h" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,032</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">22,849</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731_zWcFEesgTcx2" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">547</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">22,303</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Certificates of deposit<sup id="xdx_F43_zLPoitzbfDs8">*</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zvKQDjqfmEYd" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" id="Fact001737" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,200</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zL6GjdK4BEB2" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" id="Fact001739" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zbLBcy91YvXb" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1741">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z430MENGJ8Nf" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" id="Fact001743" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,203</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,669</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1747">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zx2ucxwWwdDa" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,652</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,327</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z35I8hc7O212" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,332</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Municipal bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,825</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1763">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zFHBCUc28yU7" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1765">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,825</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,021</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731_zRfyDtDQSP19" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,012</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td id="xdx_F05_zfMGYKFpoN89" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td>
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    of the certificates of deposit held by the Company has a CUSIP, was purchased in the secondary market through a broker and may be
    sold in the secondary market.</ix:footnote></span></td></tr>
  </table>
</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zj5L24PM3rZ6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proceeds
from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zLUG7a68OTe6" title="Proceeds from Sale and Maturity of Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">21.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_c20200801__20210731_pn5n6" title="Proceeds from Sale and Maturity of Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">26.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million, and $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zs24PKlBF2Tk" title="Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">6.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively. There were no realized gains or realized losses from sales of debt securities
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_z5Dn8JJVnORh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
contractual maturities of the Company&#8217;s available-for-sale debt securities at July 31, 2022 were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B6_znANlWHkf21c" style="display: none">Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20220731_zT0Y6L3T8T53" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fair Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zYDBztQOGoe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 84%; text-align: left">Within one year</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,374</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zfRZVIs1E77i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">After one year through five years</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,729</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zMersWnB713h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">After five years through ten years</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,634</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zbSpUaL9QOJk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">After ten years</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">566</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDz3sI_znqBWi9UCZej" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">22,303</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AE_zCpNx21nk4vk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 87 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->22<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="margin-bottom: 0pt; break-before: page; margin-top: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zUedIMyStdo3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for which other-than-temporary impairments were not
recognized:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B8_z1BVEhP31SF2" style="display: none">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Unrealized <br /> Losses</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fair <br />Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%">Certificates of deposit</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,986</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">114</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13,734</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">416</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,514</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Municipal bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,412</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">547</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">21,646</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,652</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,293</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,945</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A3_zPWY7Ueyhi44" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zsZqrFrqKaac" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2021, there were no securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer. At July 31, 2022, the following
available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BB_zEIrZ9kuf8jk" style="display: none">Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Unrealized <br /> Losses</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fair <br />Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%">July 31, 2022</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right; width: 12%">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right; width: 12%">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zJLJYWiiJju3" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">72</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">892</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">234</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,731</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">306</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,623</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AE_z6Lx1aNsfgfl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022, the Company did not intend to sell any of the debt securities included in the table above, and it is not more likely than
not that the Company will be required to sell any of these securities before recovery of the unrealized losses, which may be at maturity.</span></p>
<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock_zY60sDFA14q6" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
8&#8212;<span><span id="xdx_821_zXhZG0vVTLG1">Equity Investments</span></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zDrM7yIKWBg1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
investments consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B6_zhp6Dw8oFnw5" style="display: none">Schedule of Equity Investments</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31<br /> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220731_zMNrRHlLwTpg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210731_zvN1lle7WT9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zkj1wAzuD5G9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Zedge, Inc. Class B common stock, <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zmxjPg0y3m4d" title="Number of related party shares received" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__"><span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z3Cr2ASgiFv6" title="Number of related party shares received" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">42,282</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">117</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">649</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zWOPKJZarxh2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock, <span id="xdx_902_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zj0rlOC6k078" title="Number of related party shares received" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">290,214</ix:nonFraction></span> and <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z36zpBtcKiZ3" title="Number of related party shares received" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">246,565</ix:nonFraction></span> shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">586</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,479</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zlEm5dQPu5c8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Rafael Holdings, Inc. restricted Class B common stock, <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_dxL_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zmt6cOHoFF1f" title="Number of related party shares received::XDX::-" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1859">nil </span></span>and <span id="xdx_901_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z9sBe5iIiXhd" title="Number of related party shares received" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_RestrictedCommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">43,649</ix:nonFraction> </span>shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1856">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_RestrictedCommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,209</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__custom--OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_zv8M3Aah0jol" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other marketable equity securities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,089</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,630</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_znXxFABgEu6d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Fixed income mutual funds</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zb0u8JNfkdWg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">Hedge funds</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,725</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zkrerjkMJMa4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Noncurrent equity investments</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,426</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,654</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AF_zmkr4k2yiZDa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company received the shares of Zedge Inc. (&#8220;Zedge&#8221;) Class B common stock and <span id="xdx_901_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember_zwzb3nf8kypf" title="Related party shares received"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">28,320</ix:nonFraction> </span>of
the shares of Rafael Class B common stock set forth in the table above in connection with the lapsing of restrictions on Zedge and
Rafael restricted stock held by certain of the Company&#8217;s employees and the Company&#8217;s payment of taxes on behalf of its
employees related thereto. Howard S. Jonas is the Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors of Zedge.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 7, 2020, the Company purchased from Rafael <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zaGhXGCXI39b" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">218,245</ix:nonFraction></span> newly issued shares of Rafael&#8217;s Class B common stock and a warrant
to purchase up to <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights_iI_pid_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zXvWZWY3XhH8" title="Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">43,649</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Rafael&#8217;s Class B common stock at an exercise price of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zeHmcJCkpRRd" title="Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">22.91</ix:nonFraction></span> at any time on or after December
7, 2020 and on or prior to June 6, 2022. The aggregate purchase price of $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zr1hF2ge5qRe" title="Investment Owned, at Fair Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">5.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million was allocated $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_pn5n6" title="Investment Owned, at Fair Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">4.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million to the shares and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember_pn5n6" title="Investment Owned, at Fair Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.4</ix:nonFraction></span>
million to the warrant based on their relative purchase date fair values. The fair value of the warrant on the acquisition date was estimated
using a Black-Scholes valuation model that represented a Level 3 measurement. The purchase price was based on a per share price of $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_pid_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zRNOPLVLMxU1" title="Shares Issued, Price Per Share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">22.91</ix:nonFraction></span>,
which was the closing price of Rafael&#8217;s Class B common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the trading day immediately preceding
the purchase date. On March 15, 2021, the Company exercised the warrant in full and purchased <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights_iI_pid_c20210315__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonMember_z1SepUn2gjdh" title="Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-15_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">43,649</ix:nonFraction> </span>shares of Rafael&#8217;s Class B
common stock for cash of $<span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants_c20210315__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonMember_pn5n6" title="Class of warrant, exercise price of warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants" contextRef="AsOf2021-03-15_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million. The aggregate <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zF4QWmtwvCD2" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">261,894</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Rafael&#8217;s Class B common stock were not available for sale,
assignment, or transfer. These restrictions lapsed in June 2021 for <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210630__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zkOeAXnaI3qa" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2021-06-30_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">218,245</ix:nonFraction></span> shares and September 2021 for <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210930__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zXr1r9nDmJH5" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2021-09-30_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">43,649</ix:nonFraction></span> shares.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
June 2016, upon the acquisition of Visa Europe Limited by Visa, Inc. (&#8220;Visa&#8221;), IDT Financial Services Limited received <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20160630__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zTMadPoDYbAa" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2016-06-30_custom_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,830</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of Visa Series C Preferred among other consideration. At July 31, 2020, each share of Visa Series C Preferred was convertible
into <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion_iI_pid_c20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_z13IgI3Po6dc" title="Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Issued upon Conversion"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion" contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31_custom_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">13.722</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of Visa Class A common stock (the &#8220;Conversion Adjustment), subject to certain conditions, and will be convertible at
the holder&#8217;s option beginning in June 2028. On September 24, 2020, in connection with Visa&#8217;s first mandatory release
assessment, the Company received <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20200924__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zOsQXPVytyP2" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2020-09-24_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">125</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of Visa Series A Preferred and the Conversion Adjustment for Visa Series C Preferred was reduced to <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion_iI_pid_c20200924__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zUdc6vSuOaY9" title="Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Issued upon Conversion"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion" contextRef="AsOf2020-09-24_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">6.861</ix:nonFraction></span>.
In June 2021, the <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210630__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zm0wNrIKE909" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2021-06-30_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">125</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of Visa Series A Preferred were converted into <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210630__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zNnHMi6ZKGVc" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2021-06-30_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_custom_VisaClassACommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">12,500</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of Visa Class A common stock, which the Company sold for $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_pn5n6_c20210601__20210630__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zLris4VDfs6g" title="Proceeds from sale of common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" contextRef="From2021-06-012021-06-30_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_custom_VisaClassACommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.9</ix:nonFraction></span>
million. On July 28, 2022, in connection with Visa&#8217;s second mandatory release assessment, the Company received <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20220728__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zV97i5ZnJe6a" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-28_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">58</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Visa Series A
Preferred and the Conversion Adjustment for Visa Series C Preferred was reduced to <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion_iI_pid_c20220728__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zIC3dr72UUf8" title="Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Issued upon Conversion"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-28_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">3.645</ix:nonFraction></span>. In August 2022, the <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20220831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zKqSxgl5V9D4" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2022-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">58</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Visa Series
A Preferred were converted into <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20220831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zJxoSxVC93L1" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2022-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_custom_VisaClassACommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">5,800</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Visa Class A common stock, which the Company sold for $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_pn5n6_c20220801__20220831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zQYFGaoCM0Dk" title="Proceeds from sale of common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" contextRef="From2022-08-012022-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_custom_VisaClassACommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_z5XFP6qFm9U7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#8217;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B0_zaWFxETXF1c4" style="display: none">Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 93%; margin-left: 0.5in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br /> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210801__20220731_zRl9rgp9uM34" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210731_zcL2WuApNus3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20190801__20200731_zHdm1fyEUEI5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zoV21TUriGLh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,743</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,109</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" contextRef="AsOf2019-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,919</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_z7GcE7xePiI3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,230</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,870</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1948">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_zW3UmudPsVee" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">103</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">510</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">206</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zzZIy5dIPGD8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Upward adjustments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1954">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1955">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_pn3n3_zQAcMVrZExt7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Redemptions</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">9</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">6</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">19</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_z5gyHeKXMkkf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Impairments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1962">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1963">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1964">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zeK2l8wYqsbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,401</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,743</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,109</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AD_zqZt1RM3HIX7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company decreased the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held by $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zze7toxfZIaf" title="Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Downward Price Adjustment Annual Amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million in fiscal 2022, and the Company
increased the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held by $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_pn5n6" title="Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Upward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.5</ix:nonFraction> </span>million and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zC2nPNzR2TQk" title="Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Upward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million in fiscal 2021 and fiscal
2020, respectively, based on the fair value of Visa Class A common stock and a discount for lack of current marketability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 89 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->24<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="margin-bottom: 0pt; break-before: page; margin-top: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_z1P0lsnvja11" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value included the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B9_zVbC3wDGnP69" style="display: none">Schedule of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br /> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731_zvFPM03bDPke" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20200801__20210731_z56Cudb57R1l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20190801__20200731_zQP0eNfjmcKh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zzsbVuBI0DL7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left">Net (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">19,248</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Less: net gains recognized during the period on equity investments redeemed during the period</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_zkWQWyctafvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the
    reporting date</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,740</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">336</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
unrealized gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value in the table above included the following: </span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Year
    ended July 31 (in thousands)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized (losses) gains
    recognized during the period on equity investments:</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_zdE0e9reLlV7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 52%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rafael
    Class B common stock</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">14,101</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,291</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">195</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_zAww9h7bMD7g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Zedge
    Class B common stock</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">533</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">591</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">9</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_zRTBXPZQ5Zd6" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the
    reporting date</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">19,258</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,740</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">336</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
</table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A2_zuz3jc72xBv6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>



<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
Method Investment</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 2, 2021, the Company paid $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn5n6_c20210130__20210202__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_zlv4Qlyf9Hfa" title="Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2021-01-302021-02-02_custom_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">4.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million to purchase shares of series B convertible preferred stock of a communications company
(the equity method investee, or &#8220;EMI&#8221;), and on August 10, 2021, the Company paid $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn5n6_c20210809__20210810__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_zclGRCLZUDP9" title="Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2021-08-092021-08-10_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million to purchase shares of the EMI&#8217;s
series C convertible preferred stock and additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s series B convertible preferred stock. The initial shares
purchased represented <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210202__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_zv1J1JUJlqqk" title="Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" contextRef="AsOf2021-02-02_custom_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">23.95</ix:nonFraction></span>% of the outstanding shares of the EMI on an as converted basis. The subsequent purchases increased the Company&#8217;s
ownership to <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210810__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_z4tdAxaw6FGg" title="Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" contextRef="AsOf2021-08-10_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">26.57</ix:nonFraction></span>% on an as converted basis.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for this investment using the equity method since the series B and series C convertible preferred stock are in-substance
common stock, and the Company can exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the EMI.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company determined that on the dates of the acquisitions, there were differences of $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_c20210202_pn5n6" title="Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-02-02" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_iI_pn5n6_c20210810_zrOpj5JnM1L6" title="Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-08-10" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million between its investment
in the EMI and its proportional interest in the equity of the EMI, which represented the share of the EMI&#8217;s customer list on the
dates of the acquisitions attributed to the Company&#8217;s interest in the EMI. <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment_c20210801__20220731_zP15ed4cLG4c" title="Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity, Accounting Treatment"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment">These basis differences are being amortized over the
6-year estimated life of the customer list</ix:nonNumeric></span>. In the accompanying consolidated statements of income, the amortization of equity method
basis difference is included in the equity in the net loss of investee, which is recorded in &#8220;Other (expense) income, net&#8221;
(see Note 18).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, the Company received three secured promissory notes from the EMI in exchange for loans of an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zJnQUC4Zazl3" title="Receivable with Imputed Interest, Face Amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million.
The notes provide for interest on the principal amount at <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zIDnEVfmsM9k"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">15</ix:nonFraction></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%
per annum payable monthly. The notes are due and payable in <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_ddxL_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zhaxvKHEDBYl" title="Receivable with imputed interest due dates::XDX::2023-02-01"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2019">February 2023</span></span>. At July 31, 2022</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">,
the notes were included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. In September 2022, the Company received a secured promissory note from the EMI in exchange for a loan of $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount_iI_pn5n6_c20220930__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHczXRA8CD6d"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount" contextRef="AsOf2022-09-30_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million. The note provides
for interest on the principal amount at <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20220901__20220930__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zjCUe1KkjMx9"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate" contextRef="From2022-09-012022-09-30_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">15</ix:nonFraction></span>% per annum payable monthly. The note is due and payable on <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_dd_c20220901__20220930__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_z8YgOlG1erj9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-09-012022-09-30_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates">February 3, 2023</ix:nonNumeric></span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zKIzrxcdej08" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s equity method investment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B0_zFG4axK0aw3c" style="display: none">Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br /> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zvceED58lSpi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zkaBVRuw6W15" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    </tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 66%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 13%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,901</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 13%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2027">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td>
    </tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zNIKlYoLW7l3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,051</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td>
    </tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zDVYnnytNUq7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in the net loss of investee</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,224</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">816</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td>
    </tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_z1achCEZHRQ2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Amortization of equity method basis difference</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">727</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">283</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td>
    </tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,001</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,901</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td>
    </tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A0_zb4qARhzrdll" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="IDT:EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_891_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock_zhxyh8lpS6P3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summarized
financial information of the EMI was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B3_za9e2RXSQXDe" style="display: none">Summary of Statements of Operations</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31<br /> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zzFPXHBszvBe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zqT3TJzyHit9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Current assets</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,911</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,467</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AssetsNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncurrent assets</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,462</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,549</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_z5M37qCEwyG7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Current liabilities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,480</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,041</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_zcQUyQEQf2xa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncurrent liabilities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2052">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 90 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->25<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="margin-bottom: 0pt; break-before: page; margin-top: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHox1t8trraa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Year ended</p>
                                                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31, 2022</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zNqeH0qljQwf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">From the date of acquisition to</p>
                                                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31, 2021</p></td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_z22annTXru8c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; font-weight: bold">REVENUES</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,889</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,898</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">COSTS AND EXPENSES:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_pn3n3_z8khbGMLEli9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,451</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,937</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_pn3n3_zpo7hQlXOY13" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,388</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OperatingExpenses_pn3n3_zEMv9AzVJchg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingExpenses" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,285</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingExpenses" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,325</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_zeuykGjePo31" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">7,396</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,427</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_pn3n3_zrXq8kxxKdF6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other (expense) income, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">342</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">101</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_pn3n3_zSrbZvSlGwD3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">NET LOSS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProfitLoss" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,326</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AB_zyYYZ4UWTBOa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_zKHofDyE4P9" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
9&#8212;<span id="xdx_828_zcOMb3gUxgTc">Fair Value Measurements</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_znETJS3WcD59" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BA_zhhj1dn7gDo7" style="display: none">Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Level 1</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Level 2</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Level 3</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Total</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 44%; text-align: left">Debt securities</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Debt securities" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13,734</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Debt securities" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,569</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Debt securities" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2084">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Debt securities" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">22,303</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,091</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2090">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2092">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,091</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2096">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,230</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,132</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,362</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,825</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,799</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,132</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41,756</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Acquisition consideration included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zkIKxYZ3S172" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2112">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zsmkAiTDCEgb" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2114">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zZepqoTgyvNi" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,578</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zQ5StvySrwhk" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,578</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Other noncurrent liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDguZbo1Puzj" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2122">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z802yhiDGVu2" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,968</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zK1gQqZfEBe1" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,968</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2130">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">8,546</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">8,546</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Debt securities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Debt securities" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,652</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Debt securities" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,360</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Debt securities" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2140">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Debt securities" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,012</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">40,225</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,209</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2148">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">42,434</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2152">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2154">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,465</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,465</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41,877</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,569</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,465</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">58,911</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Acquisition consideration included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zPXGnttGEzn3" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2168">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_ziX6jrKCX52j" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2170">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z5U8t8kQdlFj" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">628</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z8d7AHNCl5m" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">628</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Other noncurrent liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z2luIEyP7EJ7" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2176">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zHapvwtM4209" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2178">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zliPXMPjLpg1" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">397</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zmh3fx8biARe" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">397</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2186">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,025</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A9_zUdWeSjiv7ud" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had $<span id="xdx_908_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Investment in hedge funds"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_909_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_c20210731_pn5n6" title="Investment in hedge funds"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively, in investments in hedge funds, which were included
in noncurrent &#8220;Equity investments&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company&#8217;s investments in hedge
funds were accounted for using the equity method, therefore they were not measured at fair value.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 91 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zxh73vD1y5ca" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following tables summarize the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B8_z368TkvgEeh" style="display: none">Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20190801__20200731_zqthScGatH73" style="text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>Year ended July 31,</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,465</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,825</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" contextRef="AsOf2019-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,619</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zTUQF6T0fYq1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2202">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">354</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2204">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zIevgKuXwc73" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Exercise of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2206">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">380</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2208">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_z43Idcs3vBF8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2212">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">103</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">536</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">206</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,465</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,825</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A4_zLk4JjvnDBBb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_ztwa4IFgQoy4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following tables summarize the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B5_zSwHDuZgYZo2" style="display: none">Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>Year ended July 31,</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition_pn3n3_zvo1yPDIEfM3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInEarnings_pn3n3_zvNokzZn3Ygd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2237">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_pn3n3_zLXwZyqtJ3Fg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">21</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,025</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">396</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities at the end of the period</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2248">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2249">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2250">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A7_zP77yZnvSizk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fair
Value of Other Financial Instruments</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
estimated fair value of the Company&#8217;s other financial instruments was determined using available market information or other appropriate
valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting these data to develop estimates of fair value. Consequently,
the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized or would be paid in a current market exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Cash
and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, other current assets, customer deposits, and other current liabilities.</i>
At July 31, 2022 and 2021, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated fair value because of the short period of
time to maturity. The fair value estimates for cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents were classified as Level
1 and other current assets, customer deposits, and other current liabilities were classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
assets and other liabilities.</i> At July 31, 2022 and 2021, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated fair value.
The fair values were estimated based on the Company&#8217;s assumptions, which were classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_zw98JNJBXxu2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
10&#8212;<span id="xdx_828_zi43qDhSE1X3">Property, Plant, and Equipment</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock"><p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_zHAhL9pDBTm6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property,
plant, and equipment consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BC_zrGy5XicRXd2" style="display: none">Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31<br /> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20220731_zi7WxA8gqaF1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210731_zlNBjKQTyeof" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--MachineryAndEquipmentGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zrPQx6mX38Rh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%">Equipment</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MachineryAndEquipmentGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">40,811</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MachineryAndEquipmentGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50,039</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zQRMReuKENJ7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Computer software</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">156,258</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">141,978</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LeaseholdImprovementsGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zgiYkRSZnfM1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Leasehold improvements</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseholdImprovementsGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,874</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseholdImprovementsGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,727</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zbhtvxDEpY2b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Furniture and fixtures</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FurnitureAndFixturesGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">681</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FurnitureAndFixturesGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">588</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAEGzQ2W_maPPAENzLFN_zRyfh7ppm9L2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property, plant and equipment, gross</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_zVYavlvSwsO5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 92 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company reduced its gross property, plant, and equipment and accumulated depreciation and amortization by $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_c20210801__20220731_pn5n6" title="Disposal of property, plant and equipment"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">17.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_c20200801__20210731_pn5n6" title="Disposal of property, plant and equipment"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">23.9</ix:nonFraction></span> million
in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively, for property, plant, and equipment that was fully depreciated and no longer in service.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Depreciation
and amortization expense of property, plant, and equipment was $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--Depreciation_c20210801__20220731_pn5n6" title="Depreciation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">16.8</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zlWjps2mAP01" title="Depreciation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">17.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million, and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_znaUZBTtUSJh" title="Depreciation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">20.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million in fiscal 2022, fiscal
2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock"><p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_hus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zYORAUhdujO5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Telephone
equipment leased to customers included in &#8220;Equipment&#8221; in the table above was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zbgIlAF3stC" style="display: none">Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>July 31</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zmLU3qoPqzuf" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zSbFEKNA7kS3" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 68%">Equipment</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,844</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,438</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msPPAENzs0Y_zIcrUGVhCuuk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Less accumulated depreciation</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,129</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,071</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAENzs0Y_zFAfkr575qrb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,367</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A6_zCGDLLkCO7V7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Depreciation
expense of telephone equipment leased to customers was $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--Depreciation_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_pn5n6" title="Depreciation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zCP2VnJj2ZH" title="Depreciation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million, and $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zU19LXgH2Qmh" title="Depreciation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and
fiscal 2020, respectively.</span></p>
<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:GoodwillDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--GoodwillDisclosureTextBlock_z0Pnn2piwR32" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
11&#8212;<span id="xdx_82B_zuTJghOa2E33">Goodwill</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsAndGoodwillTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsAndGoodwillTableTextBlock_z5riMvELXD19" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
table below reconciles the change in the carrying amount of goodwill by operating segment for the period from July 31, 2019 to July 31,
2022:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B7_zxODuKmAc59e" style="display: none">Schedule of Change in Carrying Amount of Goodwill by Operating Segment</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B1_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zQVAJrytieaj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fintech</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B4_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_z0rw79d0pIcb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BB_zZZhcD5mUTJg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 36%; font-weight: bold">Balance at July 31, 2019</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%">$</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2308">&#8212;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2309">&#8212;</span></span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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<tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod_pn3n3_zYLt5gZHtcp9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Acquisition</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2313">&#8212;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,437</ix:nonFraction></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2315">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_pn3n3_zGXQcyvUAjca" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Foreign currency translation adjustments</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2318">&#8212;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_43C_c20210801__20220731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iE_pn3n3_zj543vDSCLkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A6_zJxwRQalNln5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zwAOBUGH3hmg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
12&#8212;<span id="xdx_827_zfqFqky6Idl1">Other Intangible Assets</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_zJrFkrGgC9S1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
table below presents information on the Company&#8217;s amortized intangible assets:</span></p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Non-compete agreements</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" title="Gross Carrying Amount" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">680</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" title="Net Balance" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">300</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Customer relationships</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zbTeY7TWCeDa" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife">11.5</ix:nonNumeric></span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" title="Gross Carrying Amount" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,462</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" title="Net Balance" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,704</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20210731_pn3n3" title="Gross Carrying Amount" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,222</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A0_zHGOe1GQ1qJ1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amortization
expense of intangible assets was $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_z4gr1x82RyF1" title="Amortization of Intangible Assets"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zQdskkkEt5I5" title="Amortization of Intangible Assets"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.7</ix:nonFraction></span> million, and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zGmtPW5hyKie" title="Amortization of Intangible Assets"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively.
The Company estimates that amortization expense of intangible assets with finite lives will be $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zduPstDthUQ7" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year One"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zGU2Z0isBRf" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Two"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zCyKFBhe7od6" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Three"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million,
$<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zSPWN4xBTZyf" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Four"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million, and $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zLptkOYpqFX2" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Five"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2024, fiscal 2025, fiscal 2026, and fiscal 2027, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock_zweUG4QOOAh3" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
13&#8212;<span id="xdx_824_zNc7nccWLPhk">Variable Interest Entity</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of May 31, 2021, the Company entered into a Warrant Purchase Agreement with the shareholders of an entity (the &#8220;VIE&#8221;)
that operates money transfer businesses. The purchase price of the warrant was cash of $<span id="xdx_902_ecustom--PaymentsToAcquireWarrant_pn5n6_c20210501__20210531__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VariableInterestEntityMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_zwy5DTWCebic" title="Payments to acquire warrant"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:PaymentsToAcquireWarrant" contextRef="From2021-05-012021-05-31_custom_VariableInterestEntityMember_custom_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.8</ix:nonFraction></span>
million and a contingent payment of $<span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent_pn5n6_c20210501__20210531__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VariableInterestEntityMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_zSAicwUj5Odg" title="Contingent consideration potential payment noncurrent"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent" contextRef="From2021-05-012021-05-31_custom_VariableInterestEntityMember_custom_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.1</ix:nonFraction></span>
million. The Company has various management rights and protective provisions pursuant to the Warrant Purchase Agreement. Primarily
as a result of the Warrant Purchase Agreement, the Company can obtain <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210501__20210531__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VariableInterestEntityMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_zhvyfPY91XZ" title="Variable interest entity, qualitative or quantitative information, ownership percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage" contextRef="From2021-05-012021-05-31_custom_VariableInterestEntityMember_custom_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">90</ix:nonFraction>%</span>
of the ownership interests in the VIE. The Company determined that, effective May 31, 2021, it had the power to direct the
activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and the Company has the obligation to absorb losses
of and the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to it. The Company therefore determined that
it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and as a result, the Company consolidates the VIE. The Company does not currently own any
interest in the VIE and thus the net income incurred by the VIE was attributed to noncontrolling interests in the accompanying
statements of income.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_890_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zHbciOCHtUTe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s net income and aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_zxwr120wSdYj" style="display: none">Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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                                                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31, 2022</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210601__20210731_ztWvh1dsywJb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">For the period from May 31, 2021 to July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Net income of the VIE</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">248</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" contextRef="From2021-06-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">54</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_pn3n3_zo7uk2SIrLvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">94</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" contextRef="From2021-06-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AD_zRyib5Qetnk1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89B_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_z8EvVc5dgBKl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_zAQ2TkeN3jK4" style="display: none">VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</span>&#160;</span></p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20220731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_z8jINcAhfgS8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">ASSETS</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,808</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Restricted cash</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,490</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,848</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">31</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">91</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">344</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other current assets</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">858</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Due from the Company</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">86</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2491">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">467</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">637</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Due to the Company</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A0_z7UyfNnBpHRk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s assets may only be used to settle the VIE&#8217;s obligations and may not be used for other consolidated entities. The VIE&#8217;s
liabilities are non-recourse to the general credit of the Company&#8217;s other consolidated entities.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 94 -->
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    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_zNy8zXU0TGg9" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
14&#8212;<span id="xdx_82A_zefnd7lS8FGc">Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zzygHB7CQnNi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the other operating (expense) gain, net by business segment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_z6rvtUzKLJ72" style="display: none">Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_maOOIENzHrI_zp5BUF8jHWZ7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Corporate &#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,635</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_maOOIENzHrI_zmHGoYlNABde" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Fintech&#8212;other</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">45</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2537">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2540">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2541">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:Net2PhoneOtherNet" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">638</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_maOOIENzHrI_ztswIgReMCji" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Traditional Communications&#8212;gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2547">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2549">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsOther" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">500</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_iT_pn3n3_mtOOIENzHrI_z1uYWFb7rl9k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">731</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A4_zgp1CuoWltF6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Straight
Path Communications Inc. Class Action</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
discussed in Note 23, the Company (as well as other defendants) has been named in a pending putative class action on behalf of the stockholders
of the Company&#8217;s former subsidiary, Straight Path Communications Inc. (&#8220;Straight Path&#8221;), and a derivative complaint.
The Company incurred legal fees and recorded offsetting gains from insurance claims related to this action in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021,
and fiscal 2020.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Write-off
of Contingent Consideration</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
fiscal 2022, the Company determined that the requirements for a contingent consideration payment related to an acquisition consummated
in December 2019 would not be met before the expiration date for such contingency. The Company recognized a gain on the write-off of
the contingent consideration payment obligation.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Gain
from Sale of Rights under Class Action Lawsuit</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 21, 2020, the Company received $<span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties_pn5n6_c20201219__20201221__us-gaap--LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis__custom--PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_zufD3NpZ3Pq9" title="Proceed from sale to third parties"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties" contextRef="From2020-12-192020-12-21_custom_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million from the sale to a third party of all its rights under the Payment Card Interchange
Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation related to claims that merchants paid excessive fees to accept Visa and Mastercard cards
between January 1, 2004 and January 25, 2019.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indemnification
Claim</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Beginning
in June 2019, as part of a commercial resolution, the Company indemnified a net2phone cable telephony customer related to patent infringement
claims brought against the customer.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accrual
for Non-Income Related Taxes</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2020, the Company recorded an accrual for non-income related taxes related to one of its foreign subsidiaries.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--DebtDisclosureTextBlock_zAKtobW7PrO7" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
15&#8212;<span id="xdx_82F_zcPz4beP268j">Revolving Credit Facility and Note Payable</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revolving
Credit Facility</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc. (&#8220;IDT Telecom&#8221;), entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021,
with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zndBY2m9aye" title="Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" contextRef="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">25.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million. IDT Telecom may use the proceeds
to finance working capital requirements and for certain closing costs of the facility. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, there were <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20220731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_z2ZkKGtKo73b" title="Revolving credit amount outstanding"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20210731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_ztD4lzft76a5" title="Revolving credit amount outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCredit" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCredit" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">no</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> amounts
outstanding under this facility. In fiscal 2022, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zw5uMrqSa1tg" title="Repayments of lines of credit"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zTSbl3TYAeKl" title="Proceeds from lines of credit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.6</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> million under the facility. <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zIty8e64Zn75" title="Line of Credit Facility, Description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityDescription">The
revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#8217;s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum
at the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. LIBOR multiplied by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus
125 to 175 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. Interest is
payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2024. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly
unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zcum43xq7TX8" title="Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" contextRef="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">25.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending
upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter.</ix:nonNumeric></span> IDT Telecom is required to comply with various
affirmative and negative covenants as well as maintain certain targets based on financial ratios during the term of the revolving credit
facility. As of July 31, 2022 and 2021, IDT Telecom was in compliance with all of the covenants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 95 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Telecom had a credit agreement dated as of October 31, 2019, with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal
amount of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20191031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--CreditAgreementMember_z59uVlOc3Gvl" title="Line of credit, maximum borrowing capacity"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember_custom_CreditAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">25.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million until its maturity date on July 15, 2020. <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--CreditAgreementMember_zZxF1Pd7jr5g" title="Credit facility, description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember_custom_CreditAgreementMember" name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityDescription">The principal outstanding incurred interest per annum at the LIBOR
rate adjusted by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus 125 basis points.</ix:nonNumeric></span> IDT Telecom paid a quarterly unused commitment fee
of <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20191001__20191031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--CreditAgreementMember_z3654fVNskjh" title="Average percentage of commitment fee per annum"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage" contextRef="From2019-10-012019-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember_custom_CreditAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">0.3</ix:nonFraction>%</span> per annum on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20191031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--CreditAgreementMember_zTOxSwgBW4Ik" title="Revolving credit, unused portion amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember_custom_CreditAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">25.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million commitment.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
Payable</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 20, 2020, IDT Domestic Telecom, Inc. (&#8220;IDT DT&#8221;), a subsidiary of the Company, received loan proceeds of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromNotesPayable_pn5n6_c20200419__20200420__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zKzVexYH9NT3" title="Proceeds from Notes Payable"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromNotesPayable" contextRef="From2020-04-192020-04-20_custom_TDBankMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">10.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million
(the &#8220;PPP Loan&#8221;) from TD Bank, N.A., pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the &#8220;PPP&#8221;) under the Coronavirus
Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (&#8220;CARES Act&#8221;) administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. On April 29,
2020, IDT DT returned all $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfNotesPayable_pn5n6_c20200428__20200429__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zhUZypbLAVHg" title="Repayments of Notes Payable"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RepaymentsOfNotesPayable" contextRef="From2020-04-282020-04-29_custom_TDBankMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">10.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million in proceeds from the PPP Loan.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock_z30QX1gPBzx5" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
16&#8212;<span id="xdx_820_zHxufo3GSY03">Accrued Expenses</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_z4DCJLuDLsm8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accrued
expenses consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_z3EEe1NCqLYj" style="display: none">Schedule of Accrued Expenses</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31 <br /> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220731_zqXaVQtsMSu" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210731_zI3dSf8nmtT9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--CarrierMinutesTermination_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zEl1ijVjbGbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Carrier minutes termination</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:CarrierMinutesTermination" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">28,869</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:CarrierMinutesTermination" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">35,738</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zge6PBnh01vl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Regulatory fees and taxes</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">48,146</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">52,292</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_z4YlDtnFnzK1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Compensation costs</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16,145</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,465</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zNhwYytr8M8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Maintenance and support</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,122</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,258</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zPHQHoXswaC3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Commissions (money transfer and Mobile Top-Up)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,204</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,213</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zVYmUXFfvKs2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Legal and professional fees</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,601</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,134</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zVRXGpE3e3w7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Other</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,022</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,985</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iTI_pn3n3_mtALCz5UA_zYotKs3ijtH7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">117,109</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">129,085</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A2_z5Md8CvSiO2d" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80A_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock_zwwDUdFPpOyl" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
17&#8212;<span id="xdx_820_zdiFMXh8KtK1">Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 29, 2021, NRS sold shares of its Class B common stock representing <span id="xdx_907_ecustom--SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_pid_dp_uPure_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zzfF820Fb736" title="Capital stock outstanding percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" contextRef="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">2.5</ix:nonFraction>%</span> of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis to Alta Fox Opportunities Fund LP (&#8220;Alta Fox&#8221;) for cash of $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn6n6_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_z7fMCwqGdI3k" title="Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" contextRef="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">10</ix:nonFraction></span> million. Alta Fox has the right to request that NRS
redeem all or any portion of the NRS common shares that it purchased at the per share purchase price during a period of 182 days following
the fifth anniversary of this transaction. The redemption right shall terminate upon the consummation of (i) a sale of NRS or its assets
for cash or securities that are listed on a national securities exchange, (ii) a public offering of NRS&#8217; securities, or (iii) a
distribution of NRS&#8217; capital stock following which NRS&#8217; common shares are listed on a national securities exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock sold to Alta Fox have been classified as mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated
balance sheet because they may be redeemed at the option of Alta Fox, although the shares are not mandatorily redeemable. The carrying
amount of the shares includes the noncontrolling interest in the net income of NRS.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock_zxJtWrvu6Sa3" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
18&#8212;<span id="xdx_82B_zN08ykoSbFeb">Other (Expense) Income, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_zCB6HlpI5ifb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other (expense) income, net consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zcEkAtRYonmf" style="display: none">Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br /> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20210801__20220731_z1sYQjTMdGOe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210731_zUJzZIViFP3e" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20190801__20200731_zPuO22HiExz9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zDbIDZHgXHck" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left">Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,742</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,009</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">370</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zBaahJtTDwi2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in net loss of investee</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,951</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,099</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2641">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zpFwSxQctdah" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Write-off of tax assets related to prior periods</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2643">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2644">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,346</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--GainLossOnInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_ziqMbibgXL8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">(Losses) gains on investments</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">19,248</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,830</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">336</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OtherIncome_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zD41pnvFT7r5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Other</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_zhfksKXYvZvj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 96 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80B_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_zyxbE2r73Lzi" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
19&#8212;<span id="xdx_82B_zPFGjt1taeo6">Income Taxes</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock_z8zB7Ck5qj1k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
components of income before income taxes are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_zdAoPX8fLcV4" style="display: none">Components of Income Before Income Taxes</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br /> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20210801__20220731_zGKT65KNfR37" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20200801__20210731_zeniLVTBKARg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20190801__20200731_zFjM9PHCBMyj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic_pn3n3_maILFCOzB94_z9fhi8c3Fmzc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%">Domestic</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25,025</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">60,969</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13,380</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign_pn3n3_maILFCOzB94_zwHJhv38thJ8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Foreign</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,858</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,255</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,338</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_pn3n3_mtILFCOzB94_zXPCaarHLQw" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">34,883</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">65,224</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,718</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AC_zyQSwdlLqGLj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zmbN8SAop2dc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Significant
components of the Company&#8217;s deferred income tax assets consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BC_z8Or6m7DQzba" style="display: none">Significant Components of Deferred Income Taxes</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31 <br /> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220731_zsRsM7HbYnGh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210731_zRxp0GB0aWGf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Deferred income tax assets:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_zeSK5PDCX4ba" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%; text-align: left">Bad debt reserve</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">959</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,011</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_zD3ll05Sjtm6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,570</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,456</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_z1w7y03wH8E7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Stock options and restricted stock</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">42</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">980</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_z1L1S3bBicRh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Charitable contributions</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">730</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zY4suVY4v7z" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Depreciation</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">640</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">373</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zolYzzepT0Tl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Unrealized gain</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,895</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,826</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_zDUs7v4BOlu1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Net operating loss</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">40,733</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">49,368</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxDeferredIncome_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zUOM363rwYVg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Deferred revenue</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2698">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxDeferredIncome" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">352</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtDTAGzZ44_maDTALNzjVU_zfWc5bLOR2Hk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total deferred income tax assets</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGross" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">48,289</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Valuation allowance</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,588</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,540</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">NET DEFERRED INCOME TAX ASSETS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41,502</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A6_zNmpSg3HjXgj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock_zoUaZbH67kQh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
(provision for) benefit from income taxes consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zsCF2yDvxZAa" style="display: none">Schedule of (Provision for) Benefits from Income Taxes</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br /> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220731_zYtjYxq3Bqla" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20200801__20210731_z4A0F6vaKLhd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20190801__20200731_zZsOwKaZNTjj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Current:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maCITEBzYVZ_zQANtdZetdz6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Federal</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2713">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2714">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maCITEBzYVZ_zMsU2e8vSaSe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">512</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">46</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maCITEBzYVZ_zsLRv1mo8uz6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">729</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">811</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">177</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtCITEBzYVZ_maITEBz2xK_zqs0jDNQBZKc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Current</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,637</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,323</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">223</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Deferred:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zOiqM19ucVM6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Federal</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,596</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">26,408</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">8,345</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zSzvt1lBF53g" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">State and local</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">19</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">57</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">12</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zbW2qKPBWtSc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Foreign</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,626</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">6,639</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,434</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtDITEBzjME_maITEBz2xK_z34Xa0R0x9la" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,241</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">32,990</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,923</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtITEBz2xK_zSN44VCyyEJi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">(PROVISION FOR) BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,878</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">31,667</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,700</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AC_z0rNcfBMzZsj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 97 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->32<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="margin-bottom: 0pt; break-before: page; margin-top: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock_zQrUJu50K9ll" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
differences between income taxes expected at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and income taxes provided are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B7_zBO20eLMzRUh" style="display: none">Schedule of Differences Between Income Taxes Expected Federal Statutory Income Taxes</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br /> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Foreign restructuring</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtITEBzt8p_zijLyd46cka1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">(PROVISION FOR) BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,878</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">31,667</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,700</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AB_zs44XZJMHSJf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s cumulative undistributed foreign earnings are included in accumulated deficit in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance
sheets and consisted of approximately $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--UndistributedEarningsOfForeignSubsidiaries_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zLcnOp0VJcW8" title="Undistributed Earnings of Foreign Subsidiaries"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UndistributedEarningsOfForeignSubsidiaries" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">297</ix:nonFraction></span> million at July 31, 2022. The Company has concluded that the earnings remain permanently reinvested.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022, the Company had U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--OperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zKISLZp4faQh" title="Operating Loss Carryforwards"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLossCarryforwards" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">100</ix:nonFraction></span>
million. These loss carryforwards are available to offset future U.S. federal taxable income. <span id="xdx_906_ecustom--OperatingLossExpirationDescription_c20210801__20220731_zaRD4S9sL78" title="Operating loss expiration description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="IDT:OperatingLossExpirationDescription">U.S.
federal net operating loss carryforwards of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsSubjectToExpiration_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zzNHqOQxTjFd" title="Net operating loss carryforwards subject to expiration"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsSubjectToExpiration" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">97</ix:nonFraction></span>
million expire in fiscal 2027 through fiscal 2038, and $<span id="xdx_903_ecustom--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNoExpiration_pn6n6_c20210801__20220731_zK8xFirdRsU9" title="Net operating loss carryforwards no expiration"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNoExpiration" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></span> million do not expire.</ix:nonNumeric></span> The Company has foreign net operating loss
carryforwards of approximately $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsForeign_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_z6AI7UMKVlM3" title="Foreign net operating loss carry forwards"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsForeign" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">75</ix:nonFraction></span>
million, of which approximately $<span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zJvHOdza60Oa" title="Foreign net operating loss carry forwards no expiration"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">63</ix:nonFraction></span>
million does not expire, approximately $<span id="xdx_900_ecustom--ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwoToTenYears_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_znrdlFuie2zk" title="Foreign net operating loss, expiration in two to ten years."><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwoToTenYears" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">11</ix:nonFraction></span>
million expires in two to ten years and approximately $<span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwentyYears_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zSr6xAdr5Sa1" title="Foreign net operating loss, expiration in twenty years"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwentyYears" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></span>
million expires in twenty years. These foreign loss carryforwards are available to offset future taxable income in the countries in
which the losses were incurred. <span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--NetOperatingLossCarryForwardsYearOfExpiration_c20210801__20220731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__srt--SubsidiariesMember_z9BaNv3Hlxs8" title="Net operating losses expiration, description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_SubsidiariesMember" name="IDT:NetOperatingLossCarryForwardsYearOfExpiration">The
Company&#8217;s subsidiary, net2phone, has additional U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn6n6_c20220731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__srt--SubsidiariesMember_z9312xX7tSfk" title="Operating Loss Carryforwards"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLossCarryforwards" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_srt_SubsidiariesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">14</ix:nonFraction></span>
million, which will expire through fiscal 2027.</ix:nonNumeric></span> With the reacquisition of net2phone by the Company in March 2006, its losses
were limited under Internal Revenue Code Section 382 to approximately $<span id="xdx_900_ecustom--SubsidiaryTaxNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsAnnualLimitAmountUnderInternalRevenueCode_pn6n6_c20210801__20220731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__srt--SubsidiariesMember_zMfpe4hVshsc" title="Total Subsidiary Tax Net Operating Loss Carry Forwards Annual Limit Amount Under Internal Revenue Code"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:SubsidiaryTaxNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsAnnualLimitAmountUnderInternalRevenueCode" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_SubsidiariesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">7</ix:nonFraction> </span>million
per year. The net operating loss carryforwards do not include any excess benefits related to stock options or restricted stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:SummaryOfValuationAllowanceTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--SummaryOfValuationAllowanceTextBlock_zmopDutDuWJf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
change in the valuation allowance is as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zJ7nhLMCZC0b" style="display: none">Summary of Changes in Valuation Allowance</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Balance at<br /> beginning of<br /> year</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Additions<br /> charged to<br /> costs and<br /> expenses</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Deductions</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Balance at<br /> end of year</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from deferred income taxes, net:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AB_zH4g5ypzRYgk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2021, the Company released $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis__custom--ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_zyY4rH7h3kl8" title="Valuation Allowance, Deferred Tax Asset, Increase (Decrease), Amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">46.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million of its valuation allowance on the portion of the deferred income tax assets that it is
more likely than not going to utilize. This release was mostly related to domestic deferred income tax assets. The Company used the framework
of ASC <i>Income Taxes (Topic 740)</i> to determine whether the valuation allowance should be maintained or reversed. The Company considered
the scheduled expiration of its net operating losses included in its deferred tax assets, projected future taxable income, and tax planning
strategies in its assessment of the valuation allowance. The primary factors that resulted in the valuation allowance release were the
three consecutive years of profitability in the United States and expected future profitability in both the United States and the United
Kingdom that will utilize a significant portion of the net operating losses. The Company&#8217;s tax planning strategies were not a significant
factor in the analysis.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2020, due to taxable income in the United States, the Company utilized deferred tax assets and released the corresponding valuation
allowance to offset income tax expense of $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis__custom--ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember_zI4ZJqFQXUl" title="SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million. In addition, in fiscal 2020, the Company released an additional $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis__custom--ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_zAlL7lm5rTM9" title="SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">8.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million
of the valuation allowance on the portion of the deferred tax assets that it is more likely than not going to utilize because the Company
forecasted future profitability in the United States.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not have any unrecognized income tax benefits. There were no changes in the balance of unrecognized
income tax benefits in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020. At July 31, 2022, the Company did not expect any changes in unrecognized
income tax benefits during the next twelve months. In fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company did not record any interest
and penalties on income taxes. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, there was no accrued interest included in current income taxes payable.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">In September 2017, the Company, IDT DT, and certain other affiliates
were certified by the New Jersey Economic Development Authority (&#8220;NJEDA&#8221;) as having met all of the requirements of the Grow
New Jersey Assistance Act Tax Credit Program. The program provides for credits against a corporation&#8217;s New Jersey corporate business
tax liability and that, tax credits may be sold subject to certain conditions.&#160;The tax credits are dependent on the corporation maintaining
a minimum number of employees in New Jersey.&#160;The Company has applied for several years of credits. To date, only the Company&#8217;s
report for its 2019 tax filing period has received an award recommendation from the NJEDA. The award recommendation was in the amount
of $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxCredits_pn5n6_c20170901__20170930_zHFg72dXAT38" title="Tax credit award recommendation amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxCredits" contextRef="From2017-09-012017-09-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.8</ix:nonFraction></span> million and is subject to the NJEDA&#8217;s quality control and quality assurance review.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company currently remains subject to examinations of its tax returns as follows: U.S. federal tax returns for fiscal 2019 to fiscal 2022,
state and local tax returns generally for fiscal 2018 to fiscal 2022, and foreign tax returns generally for fiscal 2018 to fiscal 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_zXPR9uE2M6wi" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
20&#8212;<span id="xdx_82E_zQxptYInFpja">Equity</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Class
A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
rights of holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical except for certain voting and conversion rights and
restrictions on transferability. The holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock receive identical dividends per share when
and if declared by the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors. In addition, the holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock
have identical and equal priority rights per share in liquidation. The Class A common stock and Class B common stock do not have any
other contractual participation rights. The holders of Class A common stock are entitled to three votes per share and the holders of
Class B common stock are entitled to one-tenth of a vote per share. Each share of Class A common stock may be converted into one share
of Class B common stock, at any time, at the option of the holder. Shares of Class A common stock are subject to certain limitations
on transferability that do not apply to shares of Class B common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock
Repurchases</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has an existing stock repurchase program authorized by its Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of the
Company&#8217;s Class B common stock. The Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zmZ5VvjENv8d" title="Aggregate repurchased shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="Shares">8.0</ix:nonFraction></span>
million shares in the aggregate. In fiscal 2022, the Company repurchased <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_pdd" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">554,744</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_z31Mks6q08Sa" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">13.4</ix:nonFraction></span>
million. In fiscal 2021, the Company repurchased <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zw7MhRsV5Tdc" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">463,792</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zZr7Q4MWUBw6" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.8</ix:nonFraction></span>
million. In fiscal 2020, the Company repurchased <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zmG7aYCrOts6" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">671,117</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zYshX6LQQprj" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">4.2</ix:nonFraction></span>
million. At July 31, 2022, <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zG7EkoslMfe5" title="Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Number of Shares Authorized to be Repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="Shares">5.2</ix:nonFraction></span>
million shares remained available for repurchase under the stock repurchase program.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company paid $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zWZBNL79bzzc" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">9.0</ix:nonFraction></span>
million, $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_z0nryxtqxoFd" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.3</ix:nonFraction></span>
million, and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_ztlc5Twga699" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.3</ix:nonFraction></span>
million, respectively, to repurchase <span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zxwV0BKkqeO5" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">200,438</ix:nonFraction></span>; <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zecAxV3wFF4l" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">109,381</ix:nonFraction></span>;
and <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zLlfyJ5y7Umh" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">37,348</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares, respectively, of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of the Company to satisfy the
employees&#8217; tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of deferred stock units (&#8220;DSUs&#8221;) and lapsing
of restrictions on restricted stock. Such shares are repurchased by the Company based on their fair market value on the trading day
immediately prior to the vesting date.</span></p>
<!-- Field: Split-Segment; Name: 001 -->
<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock_zjD9MzZFuHC" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
21&#8212;<span id="xdx_82F_zYM7kimpci7i">Stock-Based Compensation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock-Based
Compensation Plan</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan is intended to provide incentives to officers, employees, directors, and consultants of the Company,
including stock options, stock appreciation rights, limited rights, DSUs, and restricted stock. On December 15, 2021, the Company&#8217;s
stockholders approved an amendment to the Company&#8217;s 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of the
Company&#8217;s Class B common stock available for the grant of awards thereunder by an additional <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized_c20211214__20211215__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zlmCPQmRO7F4" title="Additional number of shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized" contextRef="From2021-12-142021-12-15_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">175,000</ix:nonFraction></span> shares. On December 12, 2019,
the Company&#8217;s stockholders approved an amendment to the 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of
the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock available for the grant of awards thereunder by an additional <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized_pn5n6_c20191210__20191212__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zWDrHyHrVX8i" title="Additional number of shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized" contextRef="From2019-12-102019-12-12_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="Shares">0.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million shares. At July 31,
2022, the Company had <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zQ4BthVe7m1l" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="Shares">1.7</ix:nonFraction> </span>million shares of Class B common stock reserved for awards made under the 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan
and <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zJj6IjPJyeS6" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="Shares">0.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million shares were available for future grants.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock
Options</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Option
awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company&#8217;s stock on the date of grant. <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zCJOJ9oeu91a" title="Vesting description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember" name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights">Option
awards generally vest on a graded basis over three years of service and have ten-year contractual terms</ix:nonNumeric></span>. <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_do_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zz9GNkPlqWEb" title="Options granted"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_do_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zmvmEnxiFcJ4" title="Options granted"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">No</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> option awards were granted
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, or fiscal 2020. The fair value of stock options was estimated on the date of the grant using a Black-Scholes
valuation model. Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock and other factors.
The Company uses historical data on exercise of stock options, post vesting forfeitures and other factors to estimate the expected term
of the stock-based payments granted. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_zelKx2nQDiHh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of stock option activity for the Company is as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B4_zcIhD4ru5E77" style="display: none">Schedule of Stock Option Activity</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zGTQtiec8zW9" title="Number of Options, Granted" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2892">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_ziaoGtlduVob" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercised" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">14.92</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cancelled / Forfeited</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zETHKrhDd6Dd" title="Number of Options, Cancelled / Forfeited" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2900">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zQAd43EIyJS5" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Cancelled / Forfeited" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2902">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">OUTSTANDING AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zD5ILnDgUldb" title="Number of Options, outstanding, Ending balance" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_z7pdCntjOsJ3" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending balance" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">13.72</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20210801__20220731_zelmpy6IEPV" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Outstanding"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">2.1</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zKcpsm5wGsEj" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">308</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">EXERCISABLE AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z2zhmAaAPYxj" title="Number of Options, Exercisable" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_zO5jsJPhftR4" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercisable" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">13.72</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_dtY_c20210801__20220731_zmhiwpy8IuA7" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Exercisable"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1">2.1</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zykax7Ng9o1i" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">308</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_zLly5vDspFtl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company received cash from the exercise of stock options of $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zmLXi30Wi2Ng" title="Proceeds from Stock Options Exercised"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zsiNMeB8wat8" title="Proceeds from Stock Options Exercised"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.7</ix:nonFraction></span> million,
and $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zJlnfENH7I06" title="Proceeds from Stock Options Exercised"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively, for which the Company issued <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_z1Ty9hHPeY5l" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,010,000</ix:nonFraction></span>; <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zRhSs6yYx3Ma" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">81,041</ix:nonFraction></span>; and <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zYi29W0kqigc" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">32,551</ix:nonFraction></span> shares, respectively, of its Class B common
stock. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zWYoPyWeUKb" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">19.7</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zUlOBQnGOxP4" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million,
and $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_z0NVVbhlTv1b" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">16,000</ix:nonFraction></span>, respectively. At July 31, 2022, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
stock options exercised in fiscal 2022 included the exercise in April 2022 by Howard S. Jonas of stock options for <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pn6n6_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zUZ8eKF4vOuh" title="Options to purchase shares of common stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="Shares">1.0</ix:nonFraction></span>
million shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock that were granted on <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate_dd_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zIC8MmFl4Va2" title="Options grant date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="IDT:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate">May
2, 2017</ix:nonNumeric></span>. The exercise price of these options was $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_c20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zi1ULncFSXo3" title="Exercise price of options"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">14.93</ix:nonFraction></span>
per share and the expiration date was <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate_dd_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_z9CN3qTEn41g" title="Option expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate">May
1, 2022</ix:nonNumeric></span>. Mr. Jonas used <span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_pip0_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zdC6M42HXo9g" title="Number of shares used as options"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="0" unitRef="Shares">528,635</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock with a value of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_z4einACPg2sl" title="Aggregate exercise price of options"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">14.9</ix:nonFraction></span>
million to pay the aggregate exercise price of the options. In addition, Mr. Jonas tendered <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_pip0_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zrQo4HuO5b24" title="Stock option exercised, shares"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding" contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="0" unitRef="Shares">137,364</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock with a value of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zB0wU8zxiM64" title="Stock option exercised, value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.9</ix:nonFraction></span>
million to satisfy a portion of his tax obligations in connection with his stock option exercises.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restricted
Stock</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
fair value of restricted shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock is determined based on the closing price of the Company&#8217;s
Class B common stock on the grant date. <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zTqWdHXB19ud" title="Vesting description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember" name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights">Share awards generally vest on a graded basis over three years of service.</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zdy1bW7A79u9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of the status of the Company&#8217;s grants of restricted shares of Class B common stock is presented below:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BD_zUcwXyHN7G6k" style="display: none">Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Number of Non-vested Shares<br />
(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Non-vested restricted shares at July 31, 2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zartXHNj28yl" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Beginning Balance" style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">195</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zdFzrguAu2rb" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Beginning balance" style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">4.49</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zsUDcyVeL6fd" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Granted" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">6</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zv6xrvsoO3th" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Granted" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">39.65</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Vested</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zxwkSPctm5Rd" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Vested" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">198</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zGK67iwsEeW9" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Vested" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">5.19</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Forfeited</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z6Xx88Bd8DPf" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Forfeited" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2970">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zKGW4vZOLRvi" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Forfeited" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2972">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">NON-VESTED RESTRICTED SHARES AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z1ygXY8neA22" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Ending Balance" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">3</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zQz8zYYjHXua" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Ending balance" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">31.80</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AF_zh6CQ3ttFdOa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 100 -->
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    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022, there was $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zXiBzFZppBqk" title="Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Excluding Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock-based compensation arrangements,
which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zQeZM4jt8yFf" title="Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1">1.4</ix:nonNumeric></span> years. The total grant date fair value of shares vested in fiscal
2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zhLiMq6tQmLa" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zDqEsim7OxR3" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million, and $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zZsCdJHPXTva" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred
Stock Units Equity Incentive Program</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company had an equity incentive program in the form of DSUs that, upon vesting, entitled the grantees to receive shares of the Company&#8217;s
Class B common stock. Subject to continued full time employment or other service to the Company, <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zw8uxVoVlF4d" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDescription">the DSUs were eligible for vesting in
three equal amounts on each of January 6, 2020, January 5, 2021, and January 5, 2022. The number of shares issuable on each vesting date
varied between 50% to 200% of the number of DSUs that vested on that vesting date, depending on the market price for the underlying Class
B common stock on the vesting date relative to the market price at the time of the grant.</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 5, 2022, January 5, 2021, and January 6, 2020, in accordance with the program and based on elections made by certain grantees,
the Company issued <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20220104__20220105__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_z0ZfJXI1mP71" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" contextRef="From2022-01-042022-01-05_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">301,296</ix:nonFraction></span>; <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20210104__20210105__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zvZ0mz65yfU3" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" contextRef="From2021-01-042021-01-05_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">283,838</ix:nonFraction></span>; and <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20200102__20200106__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zSyMHQYPXh15" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" contextRef="From2020-01-022020-01-06_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">100,284</ix:nonFraction></span> shares, respectively, of its Class B common stock in respect of vested DSUs.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">Effective as of September 21, 2020,
the Company also granted <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_z3qwsI45O4o4" title="Number of deferred stock units granted"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">4,000</ix:nonFraction></span>
DSUs that, upon vesting, entitled the grantee to receive shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock. In September 2022 and
September 2021, the Company issued <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20220901__20220930__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zq1t9goiR6R7"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" contextRef="From2022-09-012022-09-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,333</ix:nonFraction></span>
and <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20210901__20210930__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zeqcCbg37Ne2"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" contextRef="From2021-09-012021-09-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,334</ix:nonFraction></span> shares, respectively, of its Class B common stock in respect of vested DSUs. The remaining <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zx8i4xaIArN"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,333</ix:nonFraction></span> DSUs are eligible
for vesting on <span id="xdx_906_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod_pid_dd_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zTtHhi19H2u2"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="IDT:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod">September 22, 2023</ix:nonNumeric></span>.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_zWq8NEhUIhk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of the status of the Company&#8217;s grants of DSUs is presented below:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B3_zF0o74p7hw4l" style="display: none">Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Number of Non-vested</p>
                                                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">DSUs<br />
(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Weighted-Average</p>
                                                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Grant- Date</p>
                                                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Fair Value</p></td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Non-vested shares at July 31, 2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zbIVCmDb6lfd" style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">154</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731_zuLc5pVcTsKk" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Beginning balance" style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">10.39</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zsjwXzYmiet3" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">4</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">NON-VESTED SHARES AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A7_zMclMTL6Fb1e" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At July 31, 2022, there was $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions_iI_c20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zGMFo9y1wq2a" title="Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Excluding Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">11,000</ix:nonFraction></span> of total unrecognized compensation
cost related to non-vested DSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of <span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zBz6pYRnlld5" title="Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember69601078" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1">0.7</ix:nonNumeric></span> years. The
total grant date fair value of DSUs vested in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zsDQIh5v5NG7" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.6</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zyla5K84UV85" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million, and $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zCeK10bmIJmb" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million,
respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
Restricted Stock Grants</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
February 2022, restricted shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock representing <span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_pid_dp_uPure_c20220201__20220228__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--NRSCommonClassBMember_zbyBFBLiT7Qg" title="Outstanding capital stock, percent"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-02-28_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_NRSCommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">0.4</ix:nonFraction></span>% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis were granted to certain employees of the Company for services provided. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense and
an increase in &#8220;Additional paid-in capital&#8221; of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_pn5n6_c20220201__20220228__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--NRSCommonClassBMember_zXQyzVijh1B1" title="Stock based compensation"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-02-28_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_NRSCommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million for these grants, based on the estimated fair value on the grant
date.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Effective
as of June 30, 2022, restricted shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock representing <span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_pid_dp_uPure_c20220601__20220630__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--NRSCommonClassBMember_zxZx4G59QlW1" title="Outstanding capital stock, percent"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross" contextRef="From2022-06-012022-06-30_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_NRSCommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">1.2</ix:nonFraction></span>% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully
diluted basis were granted to certain NRS employees. The restrictions on the shares will lapse in three installments on each of June
1, 2024, 2026, and 2027. The Company estimated that the fair value of the restricted shares on the grant date was $<span id="xdx_908_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220630__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zuBpdh0AZB48" title="Aggregate estimated fair value on grant date recognized over the vesting period"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-06-30_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million, which
will be recognized over the vesting period.&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Grant
of Restricted Equity in net2phone 2.0, Inc.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 31, 2020, a compensatory arrangement with each of Howard S. Jonas and Shmuel Jonas, the Company&#8217;s Chief Executive Officer,
was finalized. Howard S. Jonas and Shmuel Jonas each received <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_dc_c20201230__20201231__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwoPhoneIncMember_z9ghJt5FqFQd" title="Number of restricted shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross" contextRef="From2020-12-302020-12-31_custom_NetTwoPhoneIncMember" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">fifty</ix:nonFraction></span> restricted shares of net2phone 2.0&#8217;s Class B common stock,
which represented an aggregate of <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_pid_dp_uPure_c20201230__20201231__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwoPhoneIncMember_zV8O9BmfP3v" title="Common stock outstanding, percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross" contextRef="From2020-12-302020-12-31_custom_NetTwoPhoneIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">10</ix:nonFraction></span>% of net2phone 2.0&#8217;s issued and outstanding common stock at July 31, 2022. <span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwoPhoneIncMember_zzg2IaOgbyog" title="Grant of restricted equity description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_NetTwoPhoneIncMember" name="IDT:RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription">The restricted shares
will vest if: (a) for any fiscal quarter of net2phone 2.0 between November 1, 2020 and October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0 records subscription
revenue that is at least $18 million, and (b) as of October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0&#8217;s valuation is $100 million or more. The restricted
shares will also vest in the event, prior to October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0 or its assets are sold at an equity valuation and on a cash-free
basis of $100 million or more, regardless of whether the revenue threshold was satisfied prior thereto. The restricted shares entitle
each grantee to proceeds only on a sale, spin-off, initial public offering, or other monetization of net2phone 2.0 and have protection
from dilution for the first $15 million invested in net2phone 2.0 following the grant</ix:nonNumeric></span>. It is probable that these restricted shares will
vest by October 31, 2023. The aggregate estimated fair value on the grant date was $<span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20201231__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwoPhoneIncMember_ziyIgMgNV8A" title="Aggregate estimated fair value on grant date recognized over the vesting period"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2020-12-31_custom_NetTwoPhoneIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million based on a Monte Carlo simulation of
a range of possible future revenue amounts on risk-neutral basis, to which a net revenue multiple was applied to determine the future
enterprise value. The aggregate estimated fair value is being recognized over the vesting period.</span></p>
<!-- Field: Split-Segment; Name: 002 -->
<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 101 -->
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    <div style="margin-bottom: 0pt; break-before: page; margin-top: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock"><p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_zOhf3jQZ8ock" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
22&#8212;<span id="xdx_821_zWET6DxvFYre">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_zHkavwp5XF16" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BA_zRxPyfNfrix2" style="display: none">Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Loss</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Unrealized<br /> gain (loss) on<br /> available-for-<br /> sale securities</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Foreign<br /> currency<br /> translation</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Accumulated<br /> other<br /> comprehensive<br /> loss</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%; font-weight: bold">Balance at July 31, 2019</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zhRtgxQmyUJh" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl3049">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zCZ48LaXUeGf" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2019-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">4,858</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zRthpdpVrI9j" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2019-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">4,858</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_pn3n3" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">537</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_pn3n3" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">585</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_c20210801__20220731_pn3n3" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,122</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">BALANCE AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zpHrJOQOb4xj" title="Ending balance" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">546</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zX8uTkvPCzy9" title="Ending balance" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">10,759</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zWxRwyhiDCkf" title="Ending balance" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">11,305</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A3_z7kkUQm1Ns4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_z37J8b0rzYBh" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
23&#8212;<span id="xdx_82C_z83byRQ3BeF">Commitments and Contingencies</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Coronavirus
Disease (COVID-19)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company continues to monitor and respond to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of its business, including its customers,
employees, suppliers, vendors, and business partners.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operationally,
the Company&#8217;s employees transitioned to work-from-home during the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and, to a large degree, continue
to work-from-home. Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, certain of the Company&#8217;s employees returned to work in the Company&#8217;s
offices on a hybrid basis. The Company&#8217;s salespeople, customer service employees, technicians, and delivery employees continue
to serve its independent retailers, channel partners, and customers with minimal interruption.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">COVID-19
had mixed financial impacts on the Company beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and continuing through the fourth quarter of
fiscal 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal
Proceedings</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 22, 2019, Jose Rosales filed a putative class action against IDT America, IDT Domestic Telecom and IDT International in California
state court alleging certain violations of employment law. Plaintiff alleges that these companies failed to compensate members of the
putative class in accordance with California law. In August 2019, the Company filed a cross complaint against Rosales alleging trade
secret and other violations. On February 2, 2022, the court approved a settlement agreement between the parties. The settlement did not
have a material effect on the Company&#8217;s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 24, 2018, Sprint Communications Company L.P. filed a patent infringement claim against the Company and certain of its affiliates
in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,298,064; 6,330,224; 6,343,084; 6,452,932;
6,463,052; 6,473,429; 6,563,918; 6,633,561; 6,697,340; 6,999,463; 7,286,561; 7,324,534; 7,327,728; 7,505,454; and 7,693,131. Plaintiff
was seeking damages and injunctive relief. On June 28, 2018, Sprint dismissed the complaint without prejudice. The Company is evaluating
the underlying claim, and at this stage, is unable to estimate its potential liability, if any. The Company intends to vigorously defend
any claim of infringement of the listed patents.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 5, 2017, plaintiff JDS1, LLC, on behalf of itself and all other similarly situated stockholders of Straight Path, and
derivatively on behalf of Straight Path as nominal defendant, filed a putative class action and derivative complaint in the Court of
Chancery of the State of Delaware against the Company, The Patrick Henry Trust (a trust formed by Howard S. Jonas that held record
and beneficial ownership of certain shares of Straight Path he formerly held), Howard S. Jonas, and each of Straight Path&#8217;s
directors. The complaint alleges that the Company aided and abetted Straight Path Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Davidi Jonas, and Howard S. Jonas in his capacity as controlling stockholder of Straight Path, in breaching their fiduciary duties
to Straight Path in connection with the settlement of claims between Straight Path and the Company related to potential
indemnification claims concerning Straight Path&#8217;s obligations under the Consent Decree it entered into with the Federal
Communications Commission (&#8220;FCC&#8221;), as well as the sale of Straight Path&#8217;s subsidiary Straight Path IP Group, Inc.
to the Company in connection with that settlement. That action was consolidated with a similar action that was initiated by The
Arbitrage Fund. The Plaintiffs are seeking, among other things, (i) a declaration that the action may be maintained as a class
action or in the alternative, that demand on the Straight Path Board is excused; (ii) that the term sheet is invalid; (iii) awarding
damages for the unfair price stockholders received in the merger between Straight Path and Verizon Communications Inc. for their
shares of Straight Path&#8217;s Class B common stock; and (iv) ordering Howard S. Jonas, Davidi Jonas, and the Company to disgorge
any profits for the benefit of the class Plaintiffs. On August 28, 2017, the Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. On September 24,
2017, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint, which was ultimately denied, and which denial was affirmed by the
Delaware Supreme Court. On February 17, 2022, the court denied the Company&#8217;s motion for summary judgment. On March 10, 2022,
JDS1, LLC withdrew its application to serve as class representative and lead plaintiff. On May 16, 2022, the court denied The
Arbitrage Fund&#8217;s motion to serve as class representative and lead plaintiff, and approved intervenor Ardell Howard&#8217;s
motion to serve as class representative. The trial commenced on August 29, 2022 for a period of five days. The trial is currently
scheduled to continue and conclude in December 2022. The Company is vigorously defending this matter (see Note 14). At this stage,
the Company is unable to estimate its potential liability, if any.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the foregoing, the Company is subject to other legal proceedings that have arisen in the ordinary course of business and
have not been finally adjudicated. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, the Company believes that none of the other legal
proceedings to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on the Company&#8217;s results of operations, cash flows,
or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sales
Tax Contingency</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. The Company has evaluated its state tax filings with respect to the Wayfair
decision and is in the process of reviewing its remittance practices. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that the
Company has liability for periods for which it has not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions
were successful it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial position, and operating results. One
or more jurisdictions may change their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to the Company&#8217;s operations,
and if such changes were made it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial position, and operating
results.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Regulatory
Fees Audit</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s 2017 FCC Form 499-A, which reports its calendar year 2016 revenue, is currently under audit by the Universal Service
Administrative Company (&#8220;USAC&#8221;). The Internal Audit Division of USAC issued preliminary audit findings and the Company has,
in accordance with audit procedures, appealed certain of the findings. The Company awaits a final decision by USAC on the preliminary
audit findings. Depending on the findings contained in the final decision, the Company may further appeal to the FCC. Although a final
decision remains pending, the Company has been invoiced $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_c20220731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_pn5n6" title="Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.9</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_c20220731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--UniversalServiceFundMember_pn5n6" title="Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_UniversalServiceFundMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.8</ix:nonFraction></span> million on behalf of the Federal Telecommunications Relay
Services Fund and on behalf of the Universal Service Fund, respectively. The Company does not intend to remit payment for these fees
unless and until a negative decision on its appeal has been issued. In response to the aforementioned preliminary audit findings, the
Company made certain changes to its filing policies and procedures for years that remain potentially under audit. At July 31, 2022 and
2021, the Company&#8217;s accrued expenses included $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Accrued liabilities"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">33.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_c20210731_pn5n6" title="Accrued liabilities"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">38.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively, for FCC-related regulatory fees for
the year covered by the audit, as well as prior and subsequent years.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchase
Commitments</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022, the Company had purchase commitments of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PurchaseObligation_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Purchase obligation"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PurchaseObligation" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">4.7</ix:nonFraction></span> million primarily for equipment and services.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Performance
Bonds</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has performance bonds issued through third parties for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states&#8217;
financial requirements for money remittance licenses and telecommunications resellers. At July 31, 2022, the Company had aggregate performance
bonds of $<span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--PerformanceBondsOutstanding_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Performance bonds outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:PerformanceBondsOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">22.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million outstanding.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">FCC
Investigation of Straight Path Spectrum LLC</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">On September 20, 2016, the Company received a letter of inquiry from the
Enforcement Bureau of the FCC requesting certain information and materials related to an investigation of potential violations by Straight
Path Spectrum LLC (formerly a subsidiary of the Company and Straight Path) in connection with licenses to operate on the 28 GHz and 39
GHz bands of the Fixed Microwave Services. The Company cooperated with the FCC in this matter. On August 24, 2022, the Enforcement Bureau
of the FCC&#8217;s Spectrum Enforcement Division informed the Company that the Bureau had completed its review of the record regarding
the renewal of spectrum licenses included in the Company&#8217;s spin-off of Straight Path and, at this time, does not plan to take further
action in the matter.</p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock_zGEu4dkROo8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
24&#8212;<span id="xdx_82A_zWUB2W2BXfOe">Related Party Transactions</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rafael
Holdings, Inc.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the spin-off of Rafael in March 2018, the Company and Rafael entered into a Transition Services Agreement pursuant to
which certain administrative and other services are provided by the Company and Rafael. The Company charged Rafael $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_RafaelSpinOffMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_RafaelSpinOffMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.3</ix:nonFraction></span>
million, and $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_RafaelSpinOffMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively, for services provided, net of the amounts charged
by Rafael to the Company. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, other current assets reported in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets
included net receivable from Rafael of $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_RafaelSpinOffMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_c20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_RafaelSpinOffMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
Note 4 for the Company&#8217;s lease arrangements with Rafael.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Genie
Energy Ltd.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company entered into a Transition Services Agreement with Genie Energy Ltd. (&#8220;Genie&#8221;) prior to the spin-off of Genie in October
2011, which provides for certain services to be performed by the Company and Genie. The Company charged Genie $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million,
and $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively, for services provided and other items, net of the amounts
charged by Genie to the Company. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, other current assets reported in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance
sheets included receivables from Genie of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_c20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
Related Party Transactions</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company provides office space, certain connectivity and other services to Jonas Media Group, a publishing firm owned by Howard S. Jonas.
Billings for such services were $<span id="xdx_909_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zCzPUvxpwcf1" title="Receivable from subsidiaries included in services"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_JonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">2,000</ix:nonFraction></span>; $<span id="xdx_905_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_z8IBKEIN9hS9" title="Receivable from subsidiaries included in services"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_JonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">9,000</ix:nonFraction></span>; and $<span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zO3d9K3EwYtl" title="Receivable from subsidiaries included in services"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_JonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">15,000</ix:nonFraction></span> in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively. The balance owed
to the Company by Jonas Media Group was $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zm4NXBCrioj1" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_JonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">2,000</ix:nonFraction></span> and $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_c20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zBXm6tXAyg31" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_JonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">26,000</ix:nonFraction></span> as of July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In September 2020, the Company
reduced its fiscal 2021 billings by $<span id="xdx_900_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices_iI_c20200930__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zDG1SgBQUAKl" title="Receivable from subsidiaries included in adjusted amount"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices" contextRef="AsOf2020-09-30_custom_JonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">7,000</ix:nonFraction></span>. The adjusted amount owed to the Company by Jonas Media Group was $<span id="xdx_904_ecustom--AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zVz0Byyj6hh5" title="Adjusted due from other related parties current"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_JonasMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">19,000</ix:nonFraction></span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mason
and Company Consulting, LLC (&#8220;Mason and Co.&#8221;), a company owned solely by Jonathan Mason, receives annual commissions and
fees for the insurance brokerage referral and placement of certain of the Company&#8217;s insurance policies. Jonathan Mason is the husband
of Joyce J. Mason, the Company&#8217;s General Counsel, and brother-in-law of Howard S. Jonas. Based on information the Company received
from Jonathan Mason, the Company believes that Mason and Co. received commissions and fees from payments made by the Company in the aggregate
amount of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_znl0SIkijEGi" title="Commissions and fees from payment by company"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">76,000</ix:nonFraction></span> in fiscal 2022, $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_zPcXOF35lBLh" title="Commissions and fees from payment by company"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">63,000</ix:nonFraction></span> in fiscal 2021, and $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_zuZ9KzK0iG8h" title="Commissions and fees from payment by company"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">63,000</ix:nonFraction></span> in fiscal 2020. Neither Howard S. Jonas nor Joyce Mason has any
ownership or other interest in Mason and Co., or the commissions paid to Mason and Co., other than via the familial relationships with
Jonathan Mason.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
DT leases space in a building in the Bronx, New York. The building is owned by a limited liability company that is jointly owned by Howard
S. Jonas and Shmuel Jonas. The lease, which became effective November 1, 2012, had a one-year term with a one-year renewal option. Since
the expiration of this lease and until May 31, 2020, the parties continued IDT DT&#8217;s occupancy of the space on the same terms. Aggregate
annual rent under the lease was $<span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty_c20190801__20200531_zyth2e8LV1yg" title="Annual rent payment"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-05-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">60,900</ix:nonFraction></span>. On June 1, 2020, IDT DT released the space and moved into smaller space at an annual rent of
$<span id="xdx_907_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty_c20200529__20200601_zAkuRRSa6d17" title="Annual rent payment"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty" contextRef="From2020-05-292020-06-01" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">18,600</ix:nonFraction></span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company had loans receivable outstanding from employees aggregating $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--DueFromEmployeesCurrent_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Outstanding net loan receivable from employees"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DueFromEmployeesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--DueFromEmployeesCurrent_c20210731_pn5n6" title="Outstanding net loan receivable from employees"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DueFromEmployeesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively,
which are included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CompensationAndEmployeeBenefitPlansOtherThanShareBasedCompensationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--CompensationAndEmployeeBenefitPlansOtherThanShareBasedCompensationTextBlock_zYSZyYULkITa" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
25&#8212;<span id="xdx_825_zhsrUjq9JJ7b">Defined Contribution Plans</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company maintains a 401(k) Plan available to all employees meeting certain eligibility criteria. The plan permits participants to contribute
up to the maximum amount allowed by law. The plan provides for discretionary matching contributions that vest over the <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionVestingPeriod_c20210801__20220731" title="Employment period contributions, description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" name="IDT:DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionVestingPeriod">first five years</ix:nonNumeric></span>
of employment. The plan permits the discretionary matching contributions to be granted as of December 31 of each year. All contributions
made by participants vest immediately into the participant&#8217;s account. On May 27, 2021, the Company contributed <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20210526__20210527__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_znrh42Wv4ZJg" title="Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2021-05-262021-05-27_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">35,839</ix:nonFraction></span> newly issued
shares of its Class B common stock to the Company&#8217;s 401(k) Plan for $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_pn5n6_c20210526__20210527__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zNTNy6Duyy0e" title="Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2021-05-262021-05-27_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million of matching contributions. In fiscal 2022, fiscal
2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company&#8217;s expense related to the plan was $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized_c20210801__20220731_pn5n6" title="Defined Contribution Plan, Cost"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million, $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized_c20200801__20210731_pn5n6" title="Defined Contribution Plan, Cost"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.8</ix:nonFraction></span> million, and $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized_c20190801__20200731_pn5n6" title="Defined Contribution Plan, Cost"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized" contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction> </span>million, respectively.
The Company&#8217;s Class A common stock and Class B common stock are not investment options for the plan&#8217;s participants.</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_810_zBRjFbwSOzE4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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M HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "
MBBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **
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MH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@
M HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "
MBBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **
M** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHH
MH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@
M HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "
MBBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **
M** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHH
MH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@
M HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "
MBBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **
M** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHH
MH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@
M HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "
MBBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **
M** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHH
MH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@
M HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "
MBBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **
M** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHH
MH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@
7 HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** /_]D!

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-21.01
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>ex21-01.htm
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 21.01</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
accordance with SEC rules, the following is a list of IDT Corporation&rsquo;s (IDT) subsidiaries as of July 31, 2022, other than those
subsidiaries, considered in the aggregate as a single subsidiary, that would not constitute a &ldquo;significant subsidiary&rdquo; as
of July 31, 2022.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
list of subsidiaries will change from year-to-year as a result of changes in IDT and its subsidiaries&rsquo; results of operations and
financial condition, legal entity consolidations and any sales and other dispositions of IDT&rsquo;s subsidiaries. Accordingly, this
list is not representative of the total number of subsidiaries that IDT may have at any given time.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Domestic
Subsidiaries</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; width: 49%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    America, Corp. (NJ)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; width: 2%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; width: 49%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Payment Services, Inc*. (DE)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Domestic Telecom, Inc. (DE)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Telecom, Inc. (DE)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Domestic-Union, LLC (DE)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net2Phone,
    Inc. (DE)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Financial Services, LLC (DE)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net2Phone
    Global Services, LLC (DE)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    International Telecom, Inc. (DE)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">National
    Retail Solutions, Inc. (DE)</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Payment Services of New York, LLC (DE)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*IDT
Payment Services, Inc. has d/b/a - Boss Revolutions Money Transfers and Boss Money</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Foreign
Subsidiaries</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; width: 49%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; width: 2%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; width: 49%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Country</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Corporation de Argentina S.A.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Argentina</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Telecom Canada Corp.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Canada</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Versature
    Communications Corp.*</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Canada</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Germany GmbH</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Germany</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Financial Services Limited</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Gibraltar</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Telecom Asia Pacific Limited</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hong
    Kong</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Dutch Holdings B.V.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Netherlands</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Spain S.L.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Spain</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Global Limited</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">United
    Kingdom</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Retail Europe Limited</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">United
    Kingdom</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*Versature
Communications Corp. has registered Net2Phone Canada as a Trade Name</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-23.01
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>ex23-01.htm
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit
23.01</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>CONSENT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have issued our reports dated October 14, 2022, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and internal control over financial
reporting included in the Annual Report of IDT Corporation on Form 10-K for the year ended July 31, 2022. We consent to the incorporation
by reference of said reports in the Registration Statements of IDT Corporation on Forms S-3 (File No. 333-104286, File No. 333-115403,
File No. 333-11910, File No. 333-37141, File No. 333-43501, File No. 333-45199, File No. 333-53719, File No. 333-61565, File No. 333-71991,
File No. 333-77395, File No. 333-80133 and File No. 333-86261) and Forms S-8 (File No. 333-100424, File No. 333-105865, File No. 333-110657,
File No. 333-116266, File No. 333-130287, File No. 333-130562, File No. 333-146718, File No. 333-154257, File No. 333-177247, File No.
333-19727, File No. 333-199299, File No. 333-208447, File No. 333-214105, File No. 333-220982, File No. 333-42267, File No. 333-49150,
File No. 333-63282, File No. 333-73167, File No. 333-234168 and File No. 333-260252).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    GRANT THORNTON LLP</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New
    York, New York</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">October
    14, 2022</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
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<TYPE>EX-31.01
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>ex31-01.htm
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit
31.01</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certification
of Chief Executive Officer</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">pursuant
to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">I,
Shmuel Jonas, certify that:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: -24.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.4in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">I have reviewed this Annual
    Report on Form 10-K of IDT Corporation;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Based on my knowledge,
    this Report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements
    made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this
    report;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Based on my knowledge,
    the financial statements, and other financial information included in this Report, fairly present in all material respects the financial
    condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The registrant&rsquo;s
    other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined
    in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f)
    and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: -24.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.9in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.4in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Designed such disclosure
    controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
    information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities,
    particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Designed such internal
    control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision,
    to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for
    external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Evaluated the effectiveness
    of the registrant&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness
    of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disclosed in this report
    any change in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant&rsquo;s most recent
    fiscal quarter (the registrant&rsquo;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is
    reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: -24.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.4in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The registrant&rsquo;s
    other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting,
    to the registrant&rsquo;s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant&rsquo;s board of directors (or persons performing the
    equivalent functions):</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: -24.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.9in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.4in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All significant deficiencies
    and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely
    affect the registrant&rsquo;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any fraud, whether or not
    material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over
    financial reporting.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
October 14, 2022</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    Shmuel Jonas</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Shmuel
    Jonas</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Chief
    Executive Officer</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<TYPE>EX-31.02
<SEQUENCE>6
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit
31.02</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certification
of Principal Financial Officer</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">pursuant
to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">I,
Marcelo Fischer, certify that:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: -24.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.4in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">I have reviewed this Annual
    Report on Form 10-K of IDT Corporation;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Based on my knowledge,
    this Report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements
    made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this
    report;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Based on my knowledge,
    the financial statements, and other financial information included in this Report, fairly present in all material respects the financial
    condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The registrant&rsquo;s
    other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined
    in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f)
    and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: -24.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.9in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.4in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Designed such disclosure
    controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
    information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities,
    particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Designed such internal
    control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision,
    to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for
    external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Evaluated the effectiveness
    of the registrant&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness
    of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disclosed in this report
    any change in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant&rsquo;s most recent
    fiscal quarter (the registrant&rsquo;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is
    reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: -24.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.4in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The registrant&rsquo;s
    other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting,
    to the registrant&rsquo;s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant&rsquo;s board of directors (or persons performing the
    equivalent functions):</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: -24.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.9in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.4in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All significant deficiencies
    and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely
    affect the registrant&rsquo;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any fraud, whether or not
    material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over
    financial reporting.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
October 14, 2022</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    Marcelo Fischer</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Marcelo
    Fischer</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Chief
    Financial Officer</B></FONT></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(Principal
    Financial Officer)</B></FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.01
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>ex32-01.htm
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit
32.01</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certification
Pursuant to</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18
U.S.C. Section 1350</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(as
Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the Annual Report of IDT Corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022 as filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;Report&rdquo;), I, Shmuel Jonas, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18
U.S.C. &sect; 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: -24.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.4in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Report fully complies
    with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The information contained
    in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
October 14, 2022</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    Shmuel Jonas</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Shmuel
    Jonas</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Chief
    Executive Officer</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting
the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided
to IDT Corporation and will be retained by IDT Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon
request.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.02
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>ex32-02.htm
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit
32.02</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certification
Pursuant to</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18
U.S.C. Section 1350</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(as
Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the Annual Report of IDT Corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022 as filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;Report&rdquo;), I, Marcelo Fischer, Principal Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant
to 18 U.S.C. &sect; 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: -24.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.4in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Report fully complies
    with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The information contained
    in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
October 14, 2022</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    Marcelo Fischer</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Marcelo
    Fischer</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Chief
    Financial Officer</B></FONT></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(Principal
    Financial Officer)</B></FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting
the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided
to IDT Corporation and will be retained by IDT Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon
request.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Components [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_RangeAxis" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_RangeAxis" xlink:to="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statistical Measurement [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_MinimumMember" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MinimumMember" xlink:to="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Lived Tangible Asset [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquipmentMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquipmentMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquipmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquipmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equipment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_MaximumMember" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MaximumMember" xlink:to="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ComputerSoftwareMember" xlink:label="IDT_ComputerSoftwareMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ComputerSoftwareMember" xlink:to="IDT_ComputerSoftwareMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ComputerSoftwareMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Computer Software [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Furniture and Fixtures [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Software and Software Development Costs [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Concentration Risk Benchmark [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue Benchmark [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Concentration Risk Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer Concentration Risk [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Receivable [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Segments [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_FintechMember" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FintechMember" xlink:to="IDT_FintechMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fintech [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:label="IDT_Net2phoneMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:to="IDT_Net2phoneMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_Net2phoneMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net2 phone [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CorporateMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate Segment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:label="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:to="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Geographical [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2022/country-2022.xsd#country_US" xlink:label="country_US" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="country_US" xlink:to="country_US_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="country_US_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">UNITED STATES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_OtherCountriesMember" xlink:label="IDT_OtherCountriesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherCountriesMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherCountriesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_OtherCountriesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Countries [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" xlink:to="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BOSS Revolution Money Transfer [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:to="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">National Retail Solutions [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_MobileTopUpMember" xlink:label="IDT_MobileTopUpMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_MobileTopUpMember" xlink:to="IDT_MobileTopUpMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_MobileTopUpMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Mobile Top-Up [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember" xlink:to="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BOSS Revolution Calling [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_IDTGlobalMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTGlobalMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTGlobalMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTGlobalMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTGlobalMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Global [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_OtherMember" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2022/country-2022.xsd#country_GB" xlink:label="country_GB" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="country_GB" xlink:to="country_GB_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="country_GB_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">UNITED KINGDOM</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2022/country-2022.xsd#country_NL" xlink:label="country_NL" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="country_NL" xlink:to="country_NL_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="country_NL_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NETHERLANDS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_OthersMember" xlink:label="IDT_OthersMember" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_OthersMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Others [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonUsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-US [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeographicDistributionAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Geographic Distribution [Axis]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NewarkMember" xlink:to="IDT_NewarkMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NewarkMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Newark [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LegalEntityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Legal Entity [Axis]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Financial Services Limited [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Payment Services [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Acquisition [Axis]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IntegraCCSMember" xlink:to="IDT_IntegraCCSMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IntegraCCSMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Integra CCS [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net2phone 2.0, Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT International Telecom, Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" xlink:label="IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" xlink:to="IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember" xlink:label="IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember" xlink:to="IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Sochitel UK Ltd. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OptionIndexedToIssuersEquityTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_OptionIndexedToIssuersEquityTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OptionIndexedToIssuersEquityTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_OptionIndexedToIssuersEquityTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OptionIndexedToIssuersEquityTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Option Indexed to Issuer's Equity, Type [Axis]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PutCallOptionAgreementMember" xlink:to="IDT_PutCallOptionAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_PutCallOptionAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Put/Call Option Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets by Major Class [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer Relationships [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_TradeNamesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_TradeNamesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TradeNamesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_TradeNamesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TradeNamesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade Names [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncompete Agreements [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Security Category [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Certificates of Deposit [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate Bond Securities [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Municipal Bonds [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_ZedgeIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Zedge Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember" xlink:label="IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember" xlink:to="IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Common Class B [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investment Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Marketable Equity Securities [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_MutualFundMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_MutualFundMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MutualFundMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_MutualFundMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MutualFundMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Mutual Fund [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_VisaIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_VisaIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VisaIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series A Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Hedge Funds [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Investments [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Unrestricted Common Class B of Rafael Holdings Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ClassBCommonMember" xlink:label="IDT_ClassBCommonMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ClassBCommonMember" xlink:to="IDT_ClassBCommonMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ClassBCommonMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class B Common [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Series C Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Class A Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series B Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:to="srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investment, Name [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" xlink:label="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" xlink:to="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investee [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related Party [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investee [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rafael Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Zedge Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Frequency [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_TelephoneEquipmentMember" xlink:label="IDT_TelephoneEquipmentMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TelephoneEquipmentMember" xlink:to="IDT_TelephoneEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TelephoneEquipmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Telephone Equipment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_VariableInterestEntityMember" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VariableInterestEntityMember" xlink:to="IDT_VariableInterestEntityMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Variable Interest Entity [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember" xlink:label="IDT_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember" xlink:to="IDT_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant Purchase Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" xlink:to="srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidated Entities [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss Contingency Nature [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payment Card Interchange Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Facility [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revolving Credit Facility [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lender Name [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_TDBankMember" xlink:label="IDT_TDBankMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TDBankMember" xlink:to="IDT_TDBankMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TDBankMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TD Bank [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_IDTTelecomMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTTelecomMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTTelecomMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTTelecomMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTTelecomMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Telecom [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_CreditAgreementMember" xlink:label="IDT_CreditAgreementMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CreditAgreementMember" xlink:to="IDT_CreditAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_CreditAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_SubsidiariesMember" xlink:label="srt_SubsidiariesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_SubsidiariesMember" xlink:to="srt_SubsidiariesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_SubsidiariesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsidiaries [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember" xlink:label="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember" xlink:to="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Valuation Allowance Utilized Future Expense [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember" xlink:label="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember" xlink:to="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Valuation Allowance Utilized Current Expense [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:label="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:to="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of Individual [Axis]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EmployeesMember" xlink:to="IDT_EmployeesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EmployeesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Employees [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Financial Instrument [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockOptionMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockOptionMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockOptionMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockOptionMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockOptionMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Option [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_HowardSJonasMember" xlink:label="IDT_HowardSJonasMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_HowardSJonasMember" xlink:to="IDT_HowardSJonasMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_HowardSJonasMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Howard S Jonas [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Award Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Stock [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember" xlink:to="IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Stock Units [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_NRSCommonClassBMember" xlink:label="IDT_NRSCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NRSCommonClassBMember" xlink:to="IDT_NRSCommonClassBMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NRSCommonClassBMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NRS Common Class B [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_NetTwoPhoneIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_NetTwoPhoneIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetTwoPhoneIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_NetTwoPhoneIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NetTwoPhoneIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net2phone, Inc. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">AOCI, Accumulated Gain (Loss), Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Parent [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Foreign Currency Adjustment Attributable to Parent [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" xlink:label="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" xlink:to="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Federal Telecommunications Relay Services Fund [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember" xlink:label="IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember" xlink:to="IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Universal Service Fund [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_RafaelSpinOffMember" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelSpinOffMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RafaelSpinOffMember" xlink:to="IDT_RafaelSpinOffMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelSpinOffMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rafael Spin Off [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember" xlink:label="IDT_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember" xlink:to="IDT_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Genie and Subsidiarie [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_JonasMember" xlink:label="IDT_JonasMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_JonasMember" xlink:to="IDT_JonasMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_JonasMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Jonas Media Group [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related Party Transaction [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember" xlink:label="IDT_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember" xlink:to="IDT_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Mason and Co [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:to="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Registration Statement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Annual Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Quarterly Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Event Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period Start Date</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Accounting Standard</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Reporting Standard Item Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Public Float</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_IcfrAuditorAttestationFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditorFirmId" xlink:to="dei_AuditorFirmId_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditorFirmId_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Auditor Firm ID</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_AuditorName" xlink:label="dei_AuditorName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditorName" xlink:to="dei_AuditorName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditorName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Auditor Name</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditorLocation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Auditor Location</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ASSETS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">CURRENT ASSETS:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $5,882 and $4,438 at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:label="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:label="us-gaap_Goodwill" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other intangibles, net</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other assets</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer deposits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL LIABILITIES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and contingencies</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Redeemable noncontrolling interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">EQUITY:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized shares&#8212;10,000; no shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, at cost, consisting of 1,698 and 1,698 shares of Class A common stock and 3,613 and 2,192 shares of Class B common stock at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL EQUITY</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable, allowance for credit loss, current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, par value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, par value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:to="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">REVENUES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">COSTS AND EXPENSES:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Direct cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, general and administrative (i)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation and amortization</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:to="us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Severance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL COSTS AND EXPENSES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other operating (expense) gain, net (see Note 14)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income from operations</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest income, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other (expense) income, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income before income taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">(Provision for) benefit from income taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NET INCOME</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO IDT CORPORATION</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average number of shares used in calculation of earnings per share:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation included in selling, general and administrative expenses</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NET INCOME</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive (loss) income:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Change in unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency translation adjustments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">COMPREHENSIVE INCOME</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO IDT CORPORATION</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BALANCE</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BALANCE, SHARES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise of stock options</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise of stock options, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" xlink:to="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" xlink:to="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests" xlink:label="IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests" xlink:to="IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" xlink:label="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" xlink:to="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeBenefitPlan" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeBenefitPlan" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeBenefitPlan" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeBenefitPlan_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeBenefitPlan_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued for matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeBenefitPlan" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeBenefitPlan" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeBenefitPlan" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeBenefitPlan_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeBenefitPlan_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued for matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Grant of restricted equity in subsidiary</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business acquisition</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity" xlink:label="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity" xlink:to="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Acquisition of interest in variable interest entity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise of stock options by Howard S. Jonas</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise of stock options by Howard S. Jonas, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business acquisition</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business acquisition, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BALANCE</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesIssued_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssued_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BALANCE, SHARES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">OPERATING ACTIVITIES</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred income taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Provision for doubtful accounts receivable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net unrealized loss (gain) from marketable securities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Changes in assets and liabilities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts receivable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Disbursement prefunding, prepaid expenses, other current assets, and other assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, other current liabilities, and other liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer deposits at IDT Financial Services Limited (Gibraltar-based bank)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">INVESTING ACTIVITIES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital expenditures</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_CashAcquiredFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity" xlink:label="IDT_CashAcquiredFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CashAcquiredFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity" xlink:to="IDT_CashAcquiredFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_CashAcquiredFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash acquired from acquisition of interest in variable interest entity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock and warrant</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise of warrant to purchase shares of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of convertible preferred stock in equity method investment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchases of debt securities and equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemption of equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in investing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">FINANCING ACTIVITIES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_PaymentForAcquisitionOfWarrantInVariableInterestEntity" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentForAcquisitionOfWarrantInVariableInterestEntity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentForAcquisitionOfWarrantInVariableInterestEntity" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentForAcquisitionOfWarrantInVariableInterestEntity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentForAcquisitionOfWarrantInVariableInterestEntity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payment for acquisition of warrant in variable interest entity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from other liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayment of other liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfInterestInCorporateUnit" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfInterestInCorporateUnit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfInterestInCorporateUnit" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfInterestInCorporateUnit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfInterestInCorporateUnit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from sale of redeemable equity in subsidiary</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from note payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayment of note payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from borrowings under revolving credit facility</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of borrowings under revolving credit facility</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from exercise of stock options</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repurchases of Class B common stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in financing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant, and Equipment and Intangible Assets</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy" xlink:to="us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Advertising Expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_InternalUseSoftwarePolicy" xlink:label="us-gaap_InternalUseSoftwarePolicy" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MaintenanceCostPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repairs and Maintenance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign Currency Translation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Taxes</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Contingencies</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-Based Compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Measurements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Stock Option Activity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic weighted-average number of shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock options</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted weighted-average number of shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for doubtful accounts, Additions charged to costs and expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Advertising expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription" xlink:label="IDT_InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription" xlink:to="IDT_InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Internal use software policy description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Unamortized capital expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage" xlink:label="IDT_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage" xlink:to="IDT_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Tax position ultimate settlement, percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage" xlink:label="IDT_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage" xlink:to="IDT_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Concentration risk threshold percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:to="us-gaap_Revenues_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenues</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income (loss) from operations</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation and amortization</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Long-lived assets, net</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:to="us-gaap_Revenues_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221;</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other assets&#8221;</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Contract liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capitalized contract cost, amortization</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule Of Supplemental Disclosures Related To Companys Operating Leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Short-term lease cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCost" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL LEASE COST</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule Of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liabilities included in &#8220;Other current liabilities&#8221;</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2023</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2024</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2025</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2026</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2027</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Thereafter</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total lease payments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Less imputed interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total operating lease liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, operating lease, term of contract</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Lease, Description</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Incurred lease cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liability</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash acquired</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Contingent consideration</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts receivable</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property, plant, and equipment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships" xlink:to="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer relationships (15-year useful life)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Tradenames (20-year useful life)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-compete agreements (6-year useful lives)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease right-of-use asset</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred income tax assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liability noncurrent portion</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net assets acquired excluding cash</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase price</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Acquisitions</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Contingent consideration, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Write-off of contingent consideration</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business acquired percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice" xlink:label="IDT_OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice" xlink:to="IDT_OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Option of shares value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction" xlink:label="IDT_PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction" xlink:to="IDT_PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of option shares reduction</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Contingent consideration</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue" xlink:to="IDT_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value of contingent consideration</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity" xlink:label="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity" xlink:to="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Reduction in noncontrolling interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Reduction in additional paid in capital</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Within one year</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">After one year through five years</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">After five years through ten years</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">After ten years</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current equity investments</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncurrent equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:label="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:to="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of related party shares received</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, beginning of period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment" xlink:label="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment" xlink:to="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" xlink:label="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" xlink:to="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Upward adjustments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount" xlink:label="IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount" xlink:to="IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Redemptions</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity in the net loss of investee</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of equity method basis difference</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, general and administrative</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related party shares received</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants" xlink:label="IDT_ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class of warrant, exercise price of warrants</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable with Imputed Interest, Effective Yield (Interest Rate)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable with imputed interest due dates</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Recurring and Nonrecurring [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt securities</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" xlink:to="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" xlink:label="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" xlink:to="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, beginning of period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant" xlink:label="IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant" xlink:to="IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseholdImprovementsGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseholdImprovementsGross" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equipment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Less accumulated depreciation</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Disposal of property, plant and equipment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:label="us-gaap_Depreciation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:to="us-gaap_Depreciation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Depreciation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfIndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfIndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfIndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfIndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfIndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:to="us-gaap_Goodwill_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Goodwill_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance at beginning</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Acquisitions</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency translation adjustments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments" xlink:label="us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments" xlink:to="us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:to="us-gaap_Goodwill_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Goodwill_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance at end</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife" xlink:label="us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife" xlink:to="us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gross Carrying Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Amortization</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of Intangible Assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Four</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Five</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" xlink:to="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income of the VIE</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" xlink:to="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts receivable, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due from the Company</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL ASSETS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due to the Company</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_PaymentsToAcquireWarrant" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireWarrant" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireWarrant" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireWarrant_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireWarrant_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to acquire warrant</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent" xlink:label="IDT_ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent" xlink:to="IDT_ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Contingent consideration potential payment noncurrent</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Variable interest entity, qualitative or quantitative information, ownership percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LegalFees" xlink:label="us-gaap_LegalFees" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LegalFees" xlink:to="us-gaap_LegalFees_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LegalFees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate &#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" xlink:label="us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" xlink:to="us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate &#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement" xlink:to="IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fintech&#8212;other</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">net2phone&#8212;write-off of contingent consideration liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_Net2PhoneOtherNet" xlink:label="IDT_Net2PhoneOtherNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_Net2PhoneOtherNet" xlink:to="IDT_Net2PhoneOtherNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_Net2PhoneOtherNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">net2phone&#8212;other</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications&#8212;gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications&#8212;net2phone indemnification claim</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications&#8212; accrual for non-income related taxes related to a foreign subsidiary</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications&#8212;other</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingenciesTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingenciesTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LossContingenciesTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_LossContingenciesTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingenciesTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss Contingencies [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss Contingencies [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties" xlink:label="IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties" xlink:to="IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceed from sale to third parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit Facility [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Line of credit, maximum borrowing capacity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCredit" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCredit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revolving credit amount outstanding</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of lines of credit</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from lines of credit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Credit facility, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revolving credit, unused portion amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Average percentage of commitment fee per annum</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from Notes Payable</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of Notes Payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_CarrierMinutesTermination" xlink:label="IDT_CarrierMinutesTermination" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CarrierMinutesTermination" xlink:to="IDT_CarrierMinutesTermination_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_CarrierMinutesTermination_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Carrier minutes termination</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent" xlink:label="IDT_AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent" xlink:to="IDT_AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Regulatory fees and taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation costs</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport" xlink:label="IDT_AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport" xlink:to="IDT_AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Maintenance and support</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Commissions (money transfer and Mobile Top-Up)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Legal and professional fees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" xlink:label="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital stock outstanding percentage</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">(Losses) gains on investments</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIncome_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Bad debt reserve</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock options and restricted stock</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities" xlink:label="IDT_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration" xlink:label="IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Number of Shares Authorized to be Repurchased</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Options, Outstanding, Beginning balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Options, Granted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Granted</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Options, Exercised</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercised</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Options, Cancelled / Forfeited</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Cancelled / Forfeited</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Options, outstanding, Ending balance</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Options, Exercisable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercisable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Exercisable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Non-vested Shares, Beginning Balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Beginning balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Non-vested Shares, Granted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Granted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Non-vested Shares, Vested</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Vested</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Non-vested Shares, Forfeited</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Forfeited</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Non-vested Shares, Ending Balance</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional number of shares authorized</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Vesting description</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options granted</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate" xlink:to="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options grant date</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise price of options</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Option expiration date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of shares used as options</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock option exercised, shares</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock option exercised, value</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions" xlink:to="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Excluding Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" xlink:to="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Description</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of deferred stock units granted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod" xlink:to="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">[custom:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock outstanding, percentage</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock based compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate estimated fair value on grant date recognized over the vesting period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription" xlink:label="IDT_RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription" xlink:to="IDT_RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning balance</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ending balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Product Liability Contingency [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PurchaseObligation" xlink:label="us-gaap_PurchaseObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PurchaseObligation" xlink:to="us-gaap_PurchaseObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PurchaseObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" xlink:label="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" xlink:to="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Performance bonds outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Related Party Transactions, by Related Party [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related Party Transaction [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Costs and Expenses, Related Party</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due from Other Related Parties, Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices" xlink:label="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices" xlink:to="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable from subsidiaries included in services</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices" xlink:label="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices" xlink:to="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable from subsidiaries included in adjusted amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:label="IDT_AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="IDT_AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjusted due from other related parties current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Commissions and fees from payment by company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty" xlink:label="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty" xlink:to="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual rent payment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DueFromEmployeesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromEmployeesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueFromEmployeesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueFromEmployeesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromEmployeesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding net loan receivable from employees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionVestingPeriod" xlink:label="IDT_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionVestingPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionVestingPeriod" xlink:to="IDT_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionVestingPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionVestingPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Employment period contributions, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Defined Contribution Plan, Cost</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net2phone 2.0, Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT International Telecom, Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IntegraCCSMember" xlink:to="IDT_IntegraCCSMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IntegraCCSMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Integra CCS [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:to="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disbursement prefunding.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" xlink:to="IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember" xlink:to="IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Sochitel UK Ltd. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FintechMember" xlink:to="IDT_FintechMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fintech [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships" xlink:to="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed Customer relationships.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements" xlink:to="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed non-complete agreements</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed operating lease right of use asset.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed current liabilities, accrued liabilities.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed operating lease liability current.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed operating lease liability noncurrent.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OthersMember" xlink:to="IDT_OthersMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_OthersMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Others [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther" xlink:to="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed liabilities other.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PutCallOptionAgreementMember" xlink:to="IDT_PutCallOptionAgreementMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_PutCallOptionAgreementMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Put/Call Option Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice" xlink:to="IDT_OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice_doc" xml:lang="en-US">The exercise price of the open option contracts written on the investment.</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of option shares reduction.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity" xlink:to="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Reduction in noncontrolling interest.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" xlink:to="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">BOSS Revolution Money Transfer [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220731.xsd#IDT_CommonStockClassBMember" xlink:label="IDT_CommonStockClassBMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CommonStockClassBMember" xlink:to="IDT_CommonStockClassBMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_CommonStockClassBMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" xlink:to="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, value, repurchases of common stock through repurchase program.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" xlink:to="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, value, restricted common stock purchased from employees.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity" xlink:to="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Acquisition of interest in variable interest entity.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Operating Lease Liability [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue" xlink:to="IDT_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Business combination contingent consideration liability fair value.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests" xlink:to="IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests_doc" xml:lang="en-US">The amount distribution to no controlling interests.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued to related party during period value stock options exercised.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued to related party during period shares stock options exercised.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NewarkMember" xlink:to="IDT_NewarkMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NewarkMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Newark [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Financial Services Limited [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Payment Services [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular disclosure of equity investment [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular disclosure unaudited statements of operations [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amount of payments for purchase of common stock and warrants.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise of warrant to purchase shares of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular disclosure of other operating (expenses) gains, net [Tabel Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentForAcquisitionOfWarrantInVariableInterestEntity" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentForAcquisitionOfWarrantInVariableInterestEntity_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentForAcquisitionOfWarrantInVariableInterestEntity_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Payment for acquisition of warrant in variable interest entity.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CashAcquiredFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity" xlink:to="IDT_CashAcquiredFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_CashAcquiredFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Cash acquired from acquisition of interest in variable interest entity.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:to="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Number of related party shares received.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_ZedgeIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Zedge Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember" xlink:to="IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Common Class B [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment" xlink:to="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" xlink:to="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount" xlink:to="IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Redemptions Amount.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" xlink:to="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amount of recognized unrealized gain (loss) net on equity securities redeemed (FV-NI).</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of equity method basis difference.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ClassBCommonMember" xlink:to="IDT_ClassBCommonMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ClassBCommonMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Class B Common [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants" xlink:to="IDT_ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Class of warrant or right total exercise price of warrants.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Series C Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Class A Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" xlink:to="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Variable interest entity net income losst amount</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Series B Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireWarrant" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireWarrant_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireWarrant_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to acquire warrant.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VariableInterestEntityMember" xlink:to="IDT_VariableInterestEntityMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Variable Interest Entity [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember" xlink:to="IDT_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant Purchase Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent" xlink:to="IDT_ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Contingent consideration potential payment noncurrent.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ComputerSoftwareMember" xlink:to="IDT_ComputerSoftwareMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ComputerSoftwareMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Computer Software [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription" xlink:to="IDT_InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Internal use software policy description.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement" xlink:to="IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fintech money transfer settlement.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional communications gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications-net2phone indemnification claim.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional communications other.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications-accrual for non-income related taxes related to a foreign subsidiary.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds" xlink:to="IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Investment in hedge funds.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition" xlink:to="IDT_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value measurement with unobservable inputs reconciliation recurring basis liabilities transfers into Level three from acquisition.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod" xlink:to="IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amount of change in unrealized gains or losses included in earnings for liabilities held at end of period.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityInvestmentsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_EquityInvestmentsPolicyTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsPolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of accounting policy for equity investments.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisbursementPrefundingPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_DisbursementPrefundingPolicyTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_DisbursementPrefundingPolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of accounting policy for disbursement prefunding.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage" xlink:to="IDT_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax uncertainties policy largest amount of benefit greater than percentage.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage" xlink:to="IDT_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Concentration risk threshold percentage.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties" xlink:to="IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Proceed from sale to third parties.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Payment Card Interchange Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant" xlink:to="IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of Rafael Holdings Inc warrant.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant" xlink:to="IDT_ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise of rafael holdings inc warrant.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod" xlink:to="IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amount of change in unrealized gains or losses included in earnings for assets held at end of period.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TDBankMember" xlink:to="IDT_TDBankMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TDBankMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">TD Bank [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" xlink:to="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments included in current assets.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" xlink:to="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" xlink:to="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Contingent consideration included in other liabilities.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTTelecomMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTTelecomMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTTelecomMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Telecom [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CreditAgreementMember" xlink:to="IDT_CreditAgreementMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_CreditAgreementMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CarrierMinutesTermination" xlink:to="IDT_CarrierMinutesTermination_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_CarrierMinutesTermination_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Carrier minutes termination.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent" xlink:to="IDT_AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued regulatory fees current.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport" xlink:to="IDT_AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued maintenance and support.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TelephoneEquipmentMember" xlink:to="IDT_TelephoneEquipmentMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TelephoneEquipmentMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Telephone Equipment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" xlink:to="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of stock percentage of subsidiary equity issued in transaction.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:to="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">National Retail Solutions [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods" xlink:to="IDT_WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Write-off of tax assets related to prior periods.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OperatingLossExpirationDescription" xlink:to="IDT_OperatingLossExpirationDescription_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_OperatingLossExpirationDescription_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net operating losses expiration, description.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration" xlink:to="IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign net operating loss carryforwards no expiration.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwoToTenYears" xlink:to="IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwoToTenYears_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwoToTenYears_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign net operating loss, expiration in two to ten years.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwentyYears" xlink:to="IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwentyYears_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwentyYears_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign net operating loss, expiration in twenty years.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" xlink:to="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Federal Telecommunications Relay Services Fund [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember" xlink:to="IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Universal Service Fund [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetOperatingLossCarryForwardsYearOfExpiration" xlink:to="IDT_NetOperatingLossCarryForwardsYearOfExpiration_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NetOperatingLossCarryForwardsYearOfExpiration_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net operating losses expiration, description.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_HowardSJonasMember" xlink:to="IDT_HowardSJonasMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_HowardSJonasMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Howard S Jonas [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" xlink:to="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding_doc" xml:lang="en-US">In certain circumstances, the company is required to provide performance bonds in connection with its contractual commitments. Company has indemnified the surety for any expenses paid out under these performance bonds.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate" xlink:to="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Date the equity-based award date, in YYYY-MM-DD format.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember" xlink:to="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Valuation Allowance Utilized Future Expense [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember" xlink:to="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Valuation Allowance Utilized Current Expense [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember" xlink:to="IDT_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Genie and Subsidiarie [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices" xlink:to="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Related party transaction billings to related party for services.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_JonasMember" xlink:to="IDT_JonasMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_JonasMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Jonas Media Group [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices" xlink:to="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices_doc" xml:lang="en-US">This amount for related party transaction billings adjustment to related party for services.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember" xlink:to="IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Stock Units [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="IDT_AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Adjusted due from other related parties current.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember" xlink:to="IDT_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Mason and Co [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty" xlink:to="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Related party transaction lease annual rent payments to related party.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetTwoPhoneIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_NetTwoPhoneIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NetTwoPhoneIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net2phone, Inc. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionVestingPeriod" xlink:to="IDT_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionVestingPeriod_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionVestingPeriod_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Employment period contributions description.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock outstanding percentage.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription" xlink:to="IDT_RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Grant of restricted equity description.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate estimated fair value on grant date recognized over the vesting period.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EmployeesMember" xlink:to="IDT_EmployeesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EmployeesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Employees [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RafaelSpinOffMember" xlink:to="IDT_RafaelSpinOffMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelSpinOffMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Rafael Spin Off [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTGlobalMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTGlobalMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTGlobalMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Global [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember" xlink:to="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">BOSS Revolution Calling [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SubsidiaryTaxNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsAnnualLimitAmountUnderInternalRevenueCode" xlink:to="IDT_SubsidiaryTaxNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsAnnualLimitAmountUnderInternalRevenueCode_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SubsidiaryTaxNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsAnnualLimitAmountUnderInternalRevenueCode_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Total Subsidiary Tax Net Operating Loss Carry Forwards Annual Limit Amount Under Internal Revenue Code.</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Unrestricted Common Class B of Rafael Holdings Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NRSCommonClassBMember" xlink:to="IDT_NRSCommonClassBMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NRSCommonClassBMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">NRS Common Class B [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued during period shares used for stock options exercised.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued during period shares used for tax withholding.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" xlink:to="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investee [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:to="IDT_Net2phoneMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_Net2phoneMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net2 phone [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherCountriesMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherCountriesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_OtherCountriesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Other Countries [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VisaIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Series A Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities" xlink:to="IDT_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities unrealized loss gains on trading securities.</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income Loss Including Portion Attributable To Redeemable Non Controlling Interest And Non Controlling Interest In Subsidiaries</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_Net2PhoneOtherNet" xlink:to="IDT_Net2PhoneOtherNet_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_Net2PhoneOtherNet_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net2phone other, net.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Series B and Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Other Marketable Equity Securities [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Other [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_MobileTopUpMember" xlink:to="IDT_MobileTopUpMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_MobileTopUpMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Mobile Top-Up [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Rafael Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Zedge Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod" xlink:to="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Vesting period.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" xlink:to="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Variable interest entity aggregate funding repaid to provided by reporting entity.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNoExpiration" xlink:to="IDT_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNoExpiration_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNoExpiration_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net operating loss carryforwards no expiration.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investee [Member] [Default Label]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Value</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity, Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesIssued_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssued_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shares, Issued</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsPolicyTextBlock_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">EquityInvestmentsPolicyTextBlock</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Goodwill, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Measurement, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Leases [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss, Writeoff</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capitalized Contract Cost, Net</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash Acquired from Acquisition</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Current Assets, Prepaid Expense and Other Assets</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Current Assets, Other</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther</link:label>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621801184">
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001005731<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">22-3415036<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">520
Broad Street<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Newark<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NJ<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">07102<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(973)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">438-1000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Class
    B common stock, par value $0.01 per share<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">IDT<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer', window );">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</a></td>
<td class="text">No<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers', window );">Entity Voluntary Filers</a></td>
<td class="text">No<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus', window );">Entity Current Reporting Status</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent', window );">Entity Interactive Data Current</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory', window );">Entity Filer Category</a></td>
<td class="text">Accelerated Filer<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness', window );">Entity Small Business</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityShellCompany', window );">Entity Shell Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityPublicFloat', window );">Entity Public Float</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 790.1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock', window );">Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]</a></td>
<td class="text">The
definitive proxy statement relating to the registrant&#8217;s Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be held December 14, 2022, is incorporated
by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K to the extent described therein.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_IcfrAuditorAttestationFlag', window );">ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AuditorFirmId', window );">Auditor Firm ID</a></td>
<td class="text">248<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AuditorName', window );">Auditor Name</a></td>
<td class="text">GRANT THORNTON LLP<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AuditorLocation', window );">Auditor Location</a></td>
<td class="text">New
York, New York<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,934,705<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Common Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,574,326<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AuditorFirmId">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>PCAOB issued Audit Firm Identifier</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AuditorFirmId</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:nonemptySequenceNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AuditorLocation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AuditorLocation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:internationalNameItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AuditorName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AuditorName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:internationalNameItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentAnnualReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an annual report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentAnnualReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3.  1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fiscalPeriodItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in YYYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gYearItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13<br> -Subsection a-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentTransitionReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Documents incorporated by reference.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-23<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFilerCategory</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:filerCategoryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-T<br> -Number 232<br> -Section 405<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityPublicFloat">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityPublicFloat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityShellCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityShellCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntitySmallBusiness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Is used on Form Type: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 6-K, 10-K/A, 10-Q/A, 20-F/A, 6-K/A, N-CSR, N-Q, N-1A.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 405<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_IcfrAuditorAttestationFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_IcfrAuditorAttestationFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>15
<FILENAME>R2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622312512">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>CURRENT ASSETS:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 98,352<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 107,147<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">91,210<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">119,769<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="nump">22,303<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,091<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,434<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $5,882 and $4,438 at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively</a></td>
<td class="nump">64,315<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46,644<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisbursementPrefunding', window );">Disbursement prefunding</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,057<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,656<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,526<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,694<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">30,773<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,779<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS</a></td>
<td class="nump">362,627<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">388,135<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property, plant, and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">36,866<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,829<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,380<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,897<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Other intangibles, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,609<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,578<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,426<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,654<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating lease right-of-use assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,210<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,671<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet', window );">Deferred income tax assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">36,701<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">41,502<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Other assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,275<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,389<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">TOTAL ASSETS</a></td>
<td class="nump">497,094<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">512,655<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>CURRENT LIABILITIES:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Trade accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">29,080<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,502<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">117,109<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">129,085<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">36,531<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,293<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent', window );">Customer deposits</a></td>
<td class="nump">85,764<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">115,524<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">36,588<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,930<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES</a></td>
<td class="nump">305,072<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">339,334<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,606<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,473<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,588<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,234<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">TOTAL LIABILITIES</a></td>
<td class="nump">316,266<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">346,041<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies', window );">Commitments and contingencies</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount', window );">Redeemable noncontrolling interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,191<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized shares&#8212;10,000; no shares issued</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="nump">296,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">278,021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock, at cost, consisting of 1,698 and 1,698 shares of Class A common stock and 3,613 and 2,192 shares of Class B common stock at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively</a></td>
<td class="num">(101,565)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,413)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(11,305)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,183)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="num">(15,830)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(42,858)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">167,615<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">164,864<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,750<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">TOTAL EQUITY</a></td>
<td class="nump">170,637<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">166,614<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</a></td>
<td class="nump">497,094<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">512,655<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Common Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock, value</a></td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock, value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 277<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 264<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisbursementPrefunding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disbursement prefunding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisbursementPrefunding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(4))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(3))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(ii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e681-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of excess of issue price over par or stated value of stock and from other transaction involving stock or stockholder. Includes, but is not limited to, additional paid-in capital (APIC) for common and preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124433192&amp;loc=SL2890621-112765<br><br>Reference 4: 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-Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123419778&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(9))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Represents the caption on the face of the balance sheet to indicate that the entity has entered into (1) purchase or supply arrangements that will require expending a portion of its resources to meet the terms thereof, and (2) is exposed to potential losses or, less frequently, gains, arising from (a) possible claims against a company's resources due to future performance under contract terms, and (b) possible losses or likely gains from uncertainties that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events that are deemed likely to occur do occur or fail to occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.25)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.(a),19)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.17)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126919976&amp;loc=SL49130531-203044<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126919976&amp;loc=SL49130532-203044<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), investment in debt security measured at amortized cost (held-to-maturity), and investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (trading), classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123427490&amp;loc=d3e31931-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123427490&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current portion, due within one year or one operating cycle, if longer, of deposits held other than customer deposits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI), classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(2))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123594786&amp;loc=SL75136599-209740<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Goodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(10)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122137925&amp;loc=d3e14258-109268<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(15))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Liabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19-26)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124433192&amp;loc=SL2890621-112765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI 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10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123596393&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124433192&amp;loc=SL2890621-112765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI 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https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123596393&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6904-107765<br><br>Reference 21: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount of investments that are intended to be held for an extended period of time (longer than one operating cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(12))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which is directly or indirectly attributable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (that is, noncontrolling interest, previously referred to as minority interest).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(24))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123596393&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.31)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(22))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(17))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated amortization of finite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.24)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable preferred shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits within a future period of one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6387103&amp;loc=d3e6435-108320<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905020&amp;loc=d3e5879-108316<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(7))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124429447&amp;loc=SL124453093-239630<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount due to the entity within one year of the balance sheet date (or one operating cycle, if longer) from outside sources, including trade accounts receivable, notes and loans receivable, as well as any other types of receivables, net of allowances established for the purpose of reducing such receivables to an amount that approximates their net realizable value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-06(3))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120401414&amp;loc=d3e604059-122996<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>As of the reporting date, the aggregate carrying amount of all noncontrolling interests which are redeemable by the (parent) entity (1) at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, (2) at the option of the holder of the noncontrolling interest, or (3) upon occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the (parent) entity. This item includes noncontrolling interest holder's ownership (or holders' ownership) regardless of the type of equity interest (common, preferred, other) including all potential organizational (legal) forms of the investee entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (16)(c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122040564&amp;loc=SL6540498-122764<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph 15<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122040564&amp;loc=SL6540498-122764<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (12)(c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122040564&amp;loc=SL6540498-122764<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph 14<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122040564&amp;loc=SL6540498-122764<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(i)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of stockholders' equity (deficit), net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity, attributable to both the parent and noncontrolling interests. Amount excludes temporary equity. Alternate caption for the concept is permanent equity.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount allocated to treasury stock. Treasury stock is common and preferred shares of an entity that were issued, repurchased by the entity, and are held in its treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405834&amp;loc=d3e23315-112656<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499612222864">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($)<br> shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, allowance for credit loss, current</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,882<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,438<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Preferred stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Preferred stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued', window );">Preferred stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Common Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">35,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">35,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,272<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,272<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Common stock, shares outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,574<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,574<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Treasury stock, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,698<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,698<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,725<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,379<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Common stock, shares outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">24,112<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,187<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Treasury stock, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,613<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,192<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of allowance for credit loss on accounts receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123577603&amp;loc=d3e5074-111524<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124255206&amp;loc=SL82895884-210446<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(4))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of preferred stock nonredeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=SL123496158-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) issued to shareholders (includes related preferred shares that were issued, repurchased, and remain in the treasury). May be all or portion of the number of preferred shares authorized. Excludes preferred shares that are classified as debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=SL123496158-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of common and preferred shares that were previously issued and that were repurchased by the issuing entity and held in treasury on the financial statement date. This stock has no voting rights and receives no dividends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621931248">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Income - USD ($)<br> shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Statement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,364,057<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,446,990<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,345,769<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>COSTS AND EXPENSES:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses', window );">Direct cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,034,430<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,154,048<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,084,009<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative (i)</a></td>
<td class="nump">250,481<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">218,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">214,846<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,115<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,764<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,406<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1', window );">Severance</a></td>
<td class="nump">116<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">452<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,503<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">TOTAL COSTS AND EXPENSES</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,303,142<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,390,731<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,322,764<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet', window );">Other operating (expense) gain, net (see Note 14)</a></td>
<td class="num">(826)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">731<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,063)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income from operations</a></td>
<td class="nump">60,089<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56,990<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,942<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet', window );">Interest income, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">146<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">318<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,043<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Other (expense) income, net</a></td>
<td class="num">(25,352)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,916<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,267)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Income before income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">34,883<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">65,224<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,718<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">(Provision for) benefit from income taxes</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,878)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">31,667<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">NET INCOME</a></td>
<td class="nump">29,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">96,891<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,418<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,977)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(416)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO IDT CORPORATION</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 27,028<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 96,475<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 21,430<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic', window );">Basic</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.05<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.78<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.82<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted', window );">Diluted</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.03<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.70<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.81<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted-average number of shares used in calculation of earnings per share:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Basic</a></td>
<td class="nump">25,791<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,495<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,278<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Diluted</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,356<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,053<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,441<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current period expense charged against earnings on long-lived, physical assets not used in production, and which are not intended for resale, to allocate or recognize the cost of such assets over their useful lives; or to record the reduction in book value of an intangible asset over the benefit period of such asset; or to reflect consumption during the period of an asset that is not used in production.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(4)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126732423&amp;loc=SL123482106-238011<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22583-107794<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 4: 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-SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(25))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(27))<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128363288&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22644-107794<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128363288&amp;loc=d3e3842-109258<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22595-107794<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22583-107794<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126732423&amp;loc=SL123482106-238011<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(27))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(4)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126732423&amp;loc=SL123482106-238011<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(25))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 940<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126941158&amp;loc=d3e41242-110953<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(10))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399901&amp;loc=d3e537907-122884<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(15))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32672-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22663-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123586238&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(9))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22658-107794<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net amount of operating interest income (expense).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04.10)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of Net Income (Loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22658-107794<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120409616&amp;loc=SL4591551-111686<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22663-107794<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431353&amp;loc=SL124452729-227067<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Excludes Selling, General and Administrative Expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net amount of other operating income and expenses, the components of which are not separately disclosed on the income statement, from items that are associated with the entity's normal revenue producing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expenses for special or contractual termination benefits provided to current employees involuntarily terminated under a benefit arrangement associated exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan. Excludes expenses related to one-time termination benefits, a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1505-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499619933264">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Income (Parenthetical) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Statement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation included in selling, general and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,930<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1,490<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,856<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
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<tr>
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<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621726144">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Statement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">NET INCOME</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 29,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 96,891<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 21,418<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract', window );"><strong>Other comprehensive (loss) income:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
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<td class="num">(537)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(51)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(585)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,722)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,594)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,122)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,773)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,552)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">COMPREHENSIVE INCOME</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,883<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">94,118<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,866<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,977)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(416)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO IDT CORPORATION</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 25,906<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 93,702<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,878<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(22))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(24))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e557-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(26))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss), attributable to noncontrolling interests. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(21))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(25))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120409616&amp;loc=SL4591552-111686<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 21<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126929396&amp;loc=SL4613674-111683<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126929396&amp;loc=SL4569643-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120409616&amp;loc=SL4591552-111686<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(20))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126929396&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(22))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(24))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax, before reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123602790&amp;loc=d3e30304-110892<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980362&amp;loc=d3e28129-110885<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32022-110900<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (a-c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431353&amp;loc=SL124442407-227067<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32136-110900<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124507222&amp;loc=d3e1436-108581<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32211-110900<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450520&amp;loc=d3e32583-110901<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431353&amp;loc=SL124442411-227067<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after tax and before adjustment, of unrealized holding gain (loss) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale). Excludes unrealized gain (loss) on investment in debt security measured at amortized cost (held-to-maturity) from transfer to available-for-sale.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616597200">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Equity - USD ($)<br> shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Total</div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Common Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Common Class A [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Common Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Common Class B [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th"><div>Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Treasury Stock [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Retained Earnings [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Noncontrolling Interest [Member]</div></th>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">BALANCE at Jul. 31, 2019</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 53,557<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 258<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 273,313<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (51,739)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (4,858)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (160,763)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (2,687)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssued', window );">BALANCE, SHARES at Jul. 31, 2019</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,272<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,803<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="nump">276<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">276<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram', window );">Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,201)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,201)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees', window );">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</a></td>
<td class="num">(281)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(281)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,856<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,854<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">125<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests', window );">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(934)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(934)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,552)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,552)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,418<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,430<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">BALANCE at Jul. 31, 2020</a></td>
<td class="nump">71,139<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 260<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">277,443<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(56,221)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,410)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(139,333)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,633)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssued', window );">BALANCE, SHARES at Jul. 31, 2020</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,272<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,961<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="nump">687<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">686<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">81<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram', window );">Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,849)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,849)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees', window );">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,343)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,343)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,490<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,487<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">301<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests', window );">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(848)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(848)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,773)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,773)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">96,891<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">96,475<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">416<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeBenefitPlan', window );">Stock issued for matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,042<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,042<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeBenefitPlan', window );">Stock issued for matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance', window );">Grant of restricted equity in subsidiary</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,361)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,361<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination', window );">Business acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">669<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(276)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">945<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity', window );">Acquisition of interest in variable interest entity</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,509<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,509<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">BALANCE at Jul. 31, 2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">166,614<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 264<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">278,021<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,413)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,183)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(42,858)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,750<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssued', window );">BALANCE, SHARES at Jul. 31, 2021</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,272<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,379<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 137<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">137<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,010<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram', window );">Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (13,390)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(13,390)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees', window );">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</a></td>
<td class="num">(8,974)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(8,974)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,930<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,927<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">308<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,122)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,122)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,814<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,028<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,786<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options by Howard S. Jonas</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,858)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,920<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(18,788)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options by Howard S. Jonas, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Business acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions', window );">Business acquisition, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders', window );">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(514)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(514)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">BALANCE at Jul. 31, 2022</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 170,637<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 277<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 296,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (101,565)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (11,305)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (15,830)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,022<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssued', window );">BALANCE, SHARES at Jul. 31, 2022</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,272<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,725<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount distribution to no controlling interests.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DistributionToNoncontrollingInterests</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net Income Loss Including Portion Attributable To Redeemable Non Controlling Interest And Non Controlling Interest In Subsidiaries</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Acquisition of interest in variable interest entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Stock issued to related party during period shares stock options exercised.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Stock issued to related party during period value stock options exercised.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Treasury stock, value, repurchases of common stock through repurchase program.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Treasury stock, value, restricted common stock purchased from employees.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase to additional paid-in capital (APIC) for recognition of cost for award under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126964447&amp;loc=d3e11149-113907<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126964447&amp;loc=d3e11178-113907<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126961718&amp;loc=d3e4534-113899<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Decrease in noncontrolling interest balance from payment of dividends or other distributions by the non-wholly owned subsidiary or partially owned entity, included in the consolidation of the parent entity, to the noncontrolling interest holders.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in noncontrolling interest from a business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in noncontrolling interest from subsidiary issuance of equity interests to noncontrolling interest holders.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126929396&amp;loc=SL4569655-111683<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431353&amp;loc=SL124442407-227067<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32136-110900<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124507222&amp;loc=d3e1436-108581<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32211-110900<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450520&amp;loc=d3e32583-110901<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431353&amp;loc=SL124442411-227067<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of stock issued as of the balance sheet date, including shares that had been issued and were previously outstanding but which are now held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of stock issued during the period pursuant to acquisitions.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeBenefitPlan">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares issued during the period to an employee benefit plan, such as a defined contribution or defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeBenefitPlan</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number, after forfeiture, of shares or units issued under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes shares or units issued under employee stock ownership plan (ESOP).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(02)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued pursuant to acquisitions during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeBenefitPlan">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of shares issued during the period to an employee benefit plan, such as a defined contribution or defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeBenefitPlan</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued as a result of the exercise of stock options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of stockholders' equity (deficit), net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity, attributable to both the parent and noncontrolling interests. Amount excludes temporary equity. Alternate caption for the concept is permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124436220&amp;loc=d3e21930-107793<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124436220&amp;loc=d3e21914-107793<br><br>Reference 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https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126732423&amp;loc=SL123482106-238011<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123596393&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124436220&amp;loc=d3e21711-107793<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 14: 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611717792">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>OPERATING ACTIVITIES</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 29,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 96,891<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 21,418<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,115<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,764<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,406<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits', window );">Deferred income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,801<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(32,793)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,805)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts', window );">Provision for doubtful accounts receivable</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,330<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,782<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,109<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss', window );">Net unrealized loss (gain) from marketable securities</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,960<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,262)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(140)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,930<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,490<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,856<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense', window );">Other</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,379<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,096)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">492<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in assets and liabilities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable', window );">Trade accounts receivable</a></td>
<td class="num">(21,322)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,728)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,702<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets', window );">Disbursement prefunding, prepaid expenses, other current assets, and other assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(8,003)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,247)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,719)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities', window );">Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, other current liabilities, and other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,110)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(264)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,081)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities', window );">Customer deposits at IDT Financial Services Limited (Gibraltar-based bank)</a></td>
<td class="num">(15,966)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,906)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(70,401)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,712)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,989<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,428)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities</a></td>
<td class="nump">29,407<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">66,620<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(29,591)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>INVESTING ACTIVITIES</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Capital expenditures</a></td>
<td class="num">(21,879)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(16,765)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(16,041)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="num">(7,552)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,673)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(450)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_CashAcquiredFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity', window );">Cash acquired from acquisition of interest in variable interest entity</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,336<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant', window );">Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock and warrant</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock', window );">Exercise of warrant to purchase shares of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Purchase of convertible preferred stock in equity method investment</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,051)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities', window );">Purchases of debt securities and equity investments</a></td>
<td class="num">(24,454)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(43,187)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(22,429)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities', window );">Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemption of equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,157<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,230<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,457<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net cash used in investing activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(33,779)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(44,059)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(32,463)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>FINANCING ACTIVITIES</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution', window );">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(514)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(848)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(934)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PaymentForAcquisitionOfWarrantInVariableInterestEntity', window );">Payment for acquisition of warrant in variable interest entity</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(791)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt', window );">Proceeds from other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,301<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">729<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt', window );">Repayment of other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,319)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(108)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(510)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfInterestInCorporateUnit', window );">Proceeds from sale of redeemable equity in subsidiary</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable', window );">Proceeds from note payable</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable', window );">Repayment of note payable</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit', window );">Proceeds from borrowings under revolving credit facility</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,429<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit', window );">Repayments of borrowings under revolving credit facility</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,566)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,429)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised', window );">Proceeds from exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="nump">137<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">687<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">276<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock', window );">Repurchases of Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="num">(26,222)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,192)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,482)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net cash used in financing activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(15,617)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,523)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,650)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="num">(17,365)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,656<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,727<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect', window );">Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="num">(37,354)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,694<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(55,977)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year</a></td>
<td class="nump">226,916<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">201,222<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">257,199<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of year</a></td>
<td class="nump">189,562<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">226,916<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">201,222<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract', window );"><strong>SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet', window );">Cash payments made for interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">461<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">486<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">388<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid', window );">Cash payments made for income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">109<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">193<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">60<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH FINANCING AND INVESTING ACTIVITIES</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionValueOfLiabilitiesAssumed1', window );">Liabilities incurred for acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,849<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">628<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">375<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationGiven1', window );">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock issued for acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationReceived1', window );">Cashless exercise of stock options in exchange for shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">14,930<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssued1', window );">Stock issued for matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,042<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_CashAcquiredFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash acquired from acquisition of interest in variable interest entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_CashAcquiredFromAcquisitionOfInterestInVariableInterestEntity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_PaymentForAcquisitionOfWarrantInVariableInterestEntity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Payment for acquisition of warrant in variable interest entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_PaymentForAcquisitionOfWarrantInVariableInterestEntity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of payments for purchase of common stock and warrants.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exercise of warrant to purchase shares of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; including effect from exchange rate change. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123444420&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) and income tax credits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current period expense charged against earnings on long-lived, physical assets not used in production, and which are not intended for resale, to allocate or recognize the cost of such assets over their useful lives; or to record the reduction in book value of an intangible asset over the benefit period of such asset; or to reflect consumption during the period of an asset that is not used in production.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) from effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; held in foreign currencies. Excludes amounts for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123444420&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of cash paid during the current period to foreign, federal, state, and local authorities as taxes on income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amounts payable to vendors for goods and services received and the amount of obligations and expenses incurred but not paid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from customers for the credit sale of goods and services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 912<br> -SubTopic 310<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126938201&amp;loc=d3e55415-109406<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in current liabilities classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in prepaid expenses, and assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash paid for interest, excluding capitalized interest, classified as operating activity. Includes, but is not limited to, payment to settle zero-coupon bond for accreted interest of debt discount and debt instrument with insignificant coupon interest rate in relation to effective interest rate of borrowing attributable to accreted interest of debt discount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3367-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestPaidNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrealized and realized gain (loss) on investment in marketable security, including other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionValueOfLiabilitiesAssumed1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount of [all] liabilities that an Entity assumes in acquiring a business or in consideration for an asset received in a noncash (or part noncash) acquisition. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that affect recognized assets or liabilities but that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of the transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4313-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4332-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionValueOfLiabilitiesAssumed1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (expense) included in net income that results in no cash inflow (outflow), classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationGiven1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The value of the noncash (or part noncash) consideration given (for example, liability, equity) in a transaction. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of a transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4313-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4332-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationGiven1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationReceived1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The value of the noncash (or part noncash) consideration received in a transaction. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of a transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4313-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4332-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationReceived1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow to reacquire common stock during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash outflow to owners or shareholders, excluding ordinary dividends. Includes special dividends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of a business, net of the cash acquired from the purchase.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the purchase of or advances to an equity method investments, which are investments in joint ventures and entities in which the entity has an equity ownership interest normally of 20 to 50 percent and exercises significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow for purchase of marketable security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124260329&amp;loc=d3e26853-111562<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from contractual arrangement with the lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from a borrowing supported by a written promise to pay an obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from debt classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow associated with the aggregate amount received by the entity through sale or maturity of marketable securities (held-to-maturity or available-for-sale) during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfInterestInCorporateUnit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow resulting from the sale of an interest in a corporate unit during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfInterestInCorporateUnit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from exercise of option under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=SL79508275-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI 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-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120409616&amp;loc=SL4591551-111686<br><br>Reference 32: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120409616&amp;loc=SL4591552-111686<br><br>Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22658-107794<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense (reversal of expense) for expected credit loss on accounts receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124255953&amp;loc=SL82919249-210447<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow for payment of an obligation from a lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for a borrowing supported by a written promise to pay an obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow for the payment of debt classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssued1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The fair value of stock issued in noncash financing activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4332-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4313-108586<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616965376">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock', window );">Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zNIQrJ27qxo8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
1&#8212;<span id="xdx_829_zCajjlvT0QV3">Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock_z8KPIRbzMHJi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86D_zXrqtvcrJH4h">Description
of Business</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Corporation (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) is a global provider of financial technology, or fintech, cloud communications, and
traditional communications services. The Company has three reportable business segments, Fintech, net2phone (formerly net2phone-Unified Communications
as a Service (&#8220;UCaaS&#8221;)), and Traditional Communications.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_zMo5jfg3Rvxl" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86A_zgjN6SbIuNOa">Basis
of Consolidation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
method of accounting applied to long-term investments, whether consolidated, equity or cost, involves an evaluation of the significant
terms of each investment that explicitly grant or suggest evidence of control or influence over the operations of the investee and includes
the identification of any variable interests in which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The consolidated financial statements include
the Company&#8217;s controlled subsidiaries and the variable interest entity in which the Company is the primary beneficiary (see Note
13). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions between the consolidated entities are eliminated.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--InvestmentPolicyTextBlock_zK2SFnqCkTZ8" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_869_zyYvXHJkxWmd">Accounting
for Investments</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investments
in businesses that the Company does not control, but in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over operating
and financial matters, are accounted for using the equity method. Investments in which the Company does not have the ability to exercise
significant influence over operating and financial matters are accounted for using the cost method. Investments in hedge funds are accounted
for using the equity method unless the Company&#8217;s interest is so minor that it has virtually no influence over operating and financial
policies, in which case these investments are accounted for using the cost method. The Company periodically evaluates its equity and
cost method investments for impairment due to declines considered to be other than temporary. If the Company determines that a decline
in fair value is other than temporary, then a charge to earnings is recorded in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221; in the accompanying
consolidated statements of income, and a new basis in the investment is established.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_zeeQVaNwCYu9" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_869_zDw2x2HaZBse">Use
of Estimates</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#8220;U.S.
GAAP&#8221;) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying
notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock_zjC7HYYKo7zi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_869_zGKBKMrWcau9">Revenue
Recognition</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for its revenues under Accounting Standards Update (&#8220;ASU&#8221;) No. 2014-09, <i>Revenue from Contracts with Customers
(Topic 606)</i>, and the amendments thereto (collectively referred to as Accounting Standards Codification, or &#8220;ASC&#8221; 606).
The core principle of ASC 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers
in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, and
the guidance defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle. The five-step process is as follows: (i) identify the contract(s)
with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract(s), (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the
transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract(s), and (v) recognize revenue when, or as, the entity satisfies a performance
obligation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock_zpXh7Hh3Ew76" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86F_zKAyFGwdxQk3">Direct
Cost of Revenues</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Direct
cost of revenues consists primarily of termination and origination costs, toll-free costs, and network costs&#8212;including customer/carrier
interconnect charges and fiber circuit charges. These costs include an estimate of charges for which invoices have not yet been received,
and estimated amounts for pending disputes with other carriers. Direct cost of revenues also includes the cost of airtime top-up minutes.
Direct cost of revenues excludes depreciation and amortization expense.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock_zYL3f1TxT6Eh" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash
and Cash Equivalents</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_840_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesPolicy_zyJiKUI59qtk" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_868_zzXYxoOmdK7j">Debt
Securities</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s investments in debt securities are classified as &#8220;available-for-sale.&#8221; Available-for-sale debt securities
are required to be carried at their fair value, with unrealized gains and losses (net of income taxes) that are considered temporary
in nature recorded in &#8220;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company
uses the specific identification method in computing the gross realized gains and gross realized losses on the sales of debt securities.
The Company periodically evaluates its investments in debt securities for impairment due to declines in market value considered to be
other than temporary. Such impairment evaluations include, in addition to persistent, declining market prices, general economic and Company-specific
evaluations. If the Company determines that a decline in market value is other than temporary, then a charge to operations is recorded
in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated statements of income and a new cost basis in the investment
is established.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_849_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsPolicyTextBlock_zFtcyZrG76sk" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86B_zN13L5u3qBYb">Equity
Investments</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investments
in equity securities (except those accounted for under the equity method or that result in consolidation) are measured at fair value,
with changes in fair value recognized in net income. For investments in equity securities without a readily determinable fair value,
the Company elects the measurement alternative and measures these investments at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting
from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer. At each reporting date,
the Company reassesses whether the investment still qualifies for this measurement alternative. Further, at each reporting date, the
Company performs a qualitative assessment to evaluate whether the investment is impaired. If the qualitative assessment indicates that
the investment is impaired and the fair value of the investment is less than its carrying value, the carrying amount of the investment
will be reduced and the resulting loss recognized in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated statements
of income in the period the impairment is identified.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--DisbursementPrefundingPolicyTextBlock_zn7M521386mc" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_869_zG6e01AG9Kui">Disbursement
Prefunding</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company maintains relationships with disbursement partners in various countries for its money transfer and Mobile Top-Up services. The
Company maintains prefunding balances with these disbursement partners, so they can satisfy the Company&#8217;s customer liabilities.
The Company does not earn interest on these balances. The balances are not compensating balances and are not legally restricted.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_84A_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock_z9GRVF7qKp81" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86C_zU9r5wGqIQAc">Property,
Plant, and Equipment and Intangible Assets</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equipment,
computer software, and furniture and fixtures are recorded at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated
useful lives, which range as follows: equipment&#8212;<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zAH9RDl68Y73" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">5</span>, <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zSKRwFqXyHwf" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">7</span> or <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zCm23sQE5vM9" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">20</span> years; computer software&#8212;<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zbe9yQRZVCJk" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">2</span>, <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zncCWecX32dl" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">3</span> or <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zgJgV3z4xZT1" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">5</span> years; and furniture and fixtures&#8212;<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_zftXqtLTrAWl" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">5</span>,
<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_ztBiI4iBbCJ9" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">7</span> or <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_zFialTGJGhs6" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">10</span> years. Leasehold improvements are recorded at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the term of their lease
or their estimated useful lives, whichever is shorter.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
fair value of non-compete agreements, customer relationships, and tradenames acquired in  business combinations are amortized over their
estimated useful lives (see Notes 6 and 12).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company tests the recoverability of its property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets with finite useful lives whenever events
or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The Company tests for recoverability
based on the projected undiscounted cash flows to be derived from such asset. If the projected undiscounted future cash flows are less
than the carrying value of the asset, the Company will record an impairment loss, if any, based on the difference between the estimated
fair value and the carrying value of the asset. The Company generally measures fair value by considering sale prices for similar assets
or by discounting estimated future cash flows from such asset using an appropriate discount rate. Cash flow projections and fair value
estimates require significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions prove to be incorrect, the
Company may be required to record impairments in future periods and such impairments could be material.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy_zLHYWGOv8k91" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_863_zZIE0GjIVp95">Goodwill</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Goodwill
is the excess of the consideration paid for a business over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill and
other indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized. Instead, these assets are reviewed annually (or more frequently under
various conditions) for impairment. The Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is
necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. However, the Company may elect to perform the quantitative goodwill
impairment test even if no indications of a potential impairment exist.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">When
performing its quantitative annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test the Company is comparing the fair value of its reporting units
with their carrying amounts. The Company would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the
reporting unit&#8217;s fair value; however, the loss recognized would not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting
unit. Additionally, the Company considers income tax effects from any tax-deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of its reporting
unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. The fair value of the reporting units is estimated using discounted
cash flow methodologies, as well as considering third party market value indicators. The Company&#8217;s use of a discounted cash flow
methodology includes estimates of future revenue based upon budgets and projections. The Company also develops estimates for future levels
of gross and operating profits and projected capital expenditures. The Company&#8217;s methodology also includes the use of estimated
discount rates based upon industry and competitor analysis as well as other factors. Calculating the fair value of the reporting units
requires significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions regarding the fair value of the reporting
units prove to be incorrect, the Company may be required to record impairments to its goodwill in future periods and such impairments
could be material.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_845_eus-gaap--AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock_zZgVf7mM5h1j" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_865_zo5P44NgynUl">Advertising
Expense</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cost
of advertising is charged to selling, general and administrative expenses in the period in which it is incurred. In fiscal 2022, fiscal
2021, and fiscal 2020, advertising expense was $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zgeK1ARXiiPa" title="Advertising expense">17.0</span> million, $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zlmUQ0JTEb68" title="Advertising expense">15.3</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zbODDzgYtSt2" title="Advertising expense">15.7 </span>million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--InternalUseSoftwarePolicy_zmnfHinLOYJ1" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86A_z1CJGOLOOcya">Capitalized
Internal Use Software Costs</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_901_ecustom--InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_z10bUC9d2ZW1" title="Internal use software policy description">The
Company capitalizes the cost of internal-use software that has a useful life in excess of one year</span>. These costs consist of payments made
to third parties and the salaries of employees working on such software development. Subsequent additions, modifications or upgrades
to internal-use software are capitalized only to the extent that they allow the software to perform a task it previously did not perform.
Software maintenance and training costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. Capitalized internal use software costs
are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Amortization expense related to such capitalized software in
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zTkdN715jAaf" title="Amortization expense">12.2</span> million, $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_z0xHy2p2CmNj" title="Amortization expense">12.6</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zMb9qeNR61Vc" title="Amortization expense">14.6</span> million, respectively. Unamortized capitalized
internal use software costs at July 31, 2022 and 2021 were $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_z74UB0pqhFce" title="Unamortized capital expense">18.7</span> million and $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet_iI_pn5n6_c20210731_z3XUpM4OzWak" title="Unamortized capital expense">16.7</span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--MaintenanceCostPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zEabTVuL3aFj" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_861_zBKQkBAdawmf">Repairs
and Maintenance</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company charges the cost of repairs and maintenance, including the cost of replacing minor items not constituting substantial betterment,
to selling, general and administrative expenses as these costs are incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_znN5iIHE84Ab" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_860_zveKvx0e7gGj">Foreign
Currency Translation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Assets
and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries denominated in foreign currencies are translated to U.S. Dollars at end-of-period rates of exchange,
and their monthly results of operations are translated to U.S. Dollars at the average rates of exchange for that month. Gains or losses
resulting from such foreign currency translations are recorded in &#8220;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#8221; in the accompanying
consolidated balance sheets. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are reported in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221;
in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock_z6WwL3vt2J3a" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_868_zYd8c9Xk6ov7">Income
Taxes</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between
the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance is
provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The ultimate realization
of deferred tax assets depends on the generation of future taxable income during the period in which related temporary differences become
deductible. The Company considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning
strategies in its assessment of a valuation allowance. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected
to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred
tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date of such change.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company uses a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Company
determines whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related
appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. In evaluating whether a tax position has met the more-likely-than-not
recognition threshold, the Company presumes that the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority that has full knowledge
of all relevant information. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured to determine the amount
of tax benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater
than <span id="xdx_900_ecustom--IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731_zw7TL0u2T9Oc" title="Tax position ultimate settlement, percentage">50</span> percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Differences between tax positions taken in a tax return and amounts
recognized in the financial statements will generally result in one or more of the following: an increase in a liability for income taxes
payable, a reduction of an income tax refund receivable, a reduction in a deferred tax asset, or an increase in a deferred tax liability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company classifies interest and penalties on income taxes as a component of income tax expense.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock_zqNZT25oW154" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_866_zUzWSVvmKLCc">Contingencies</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accrues for loss contingencies when both (a) information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that
it is probable that a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and (b) the amount of loss can reasonably be
estimated. When the Company accrues for loss contingencies and the reasonable estimate of the loss is within a range, the Company records
its best estimate within the range. When no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the Company accrues the
minimum amount in the range. The Company discloses an estimated possible loss or a range of loss when it is at least reasonably possible
that a loss may have been incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_z1VPUK5SqNsg" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Earnings
Per Share</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Basic
earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted
average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is determined
in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject
to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect
of such increase is anti-dilutive.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zCai1jo6htfj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#8217;s
common stockholders consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B2_z5qcTKZt2mo9" style="display: none">Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Year ended July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220731_zySBngcBGso" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20200801__20210731_zlbnaU7SGrud" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20190801__20200731_ztjSOCoU3Hj1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zQxKEpBPTVnj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%">Basic weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">25,791</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">25,495</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">26,278</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_pn3n3_zYp8sJJ2t2Z8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Stock options</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">434</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">229</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_pn3n3_zMPcvguT2I0a" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">131</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">329</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">162</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pn3n3_z1WNdVoj22Qc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Diluted weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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<p id="xdx_8A9_zTh3EdSuty49" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_zX9UfD090Dvd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following outstanding stock options were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise prices of the
stock options were greater than the average market price of the Company&#8217;s stock during the period:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BF_z0IMgsXdreCc" style="display: none">Schedule of Outstanding Stock Options Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Year ended July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
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<p id="xdx_8AB_zd2xEPMb0Vzj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy_zqu8r0V0cRhe" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86C_zx1CojSxU2I3">Stock-Based
Compensation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes compensation expense for its grants of stock-based awards based on the estimated fair value on the grant date. Compensation
cost for awards is recognized using the straight-line method over the requisite service period, which is usually the vesting period.
Stock-based compensation is included in selling, general and administrative expense.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk_znhwAvoxjdf8" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86A_zCH4Mz9ctLli">Vulnerability
Due to Certain Concentrations</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Financial
instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, restricted
cash and cash equivalents, debt securities, equity investments, and trade accounts receivable. The Company holds cash and cash equivalents
at several major financial institutions, which often exceed FDIC insurance limits. Historically, the Company has not experienced any
losses due to such concentration of credit risk. The Company&#8217;s temporary cash investments policy is to limit the dollar amount
of investments with any one financial institution and monitor the credit ratings of those institutions. While the Company may be exposed
to credit losses due to the nonperformance of the holders of its deposits, the Company does not expect the settlement of these transactions
to have a material effect on its results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Concentration
of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is limited due to the large number of customers in various geographic regions
and industry segments comprising the Company&#8217;s customer base. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of consolidated revenues
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021 or fiscal 2020. However, the Company&#8217;s five largest customers collectively accounted for <span id="xdx_906_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zEw1r9vVAkha" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage">12.5</span>%, <span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zFCzrpoDpZy9" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage">14.5</span>%,
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the five largest receivable balances collectively accounted for <span id="xdx_904_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zcSMxOh66T0c" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage">17.3</span>% and <span id="xdx_907_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_z9iYulpHrwMd" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage">9.7</span>% of the consolidated gross trade accounts receivable at
July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. This concentration of customers increases the Company&#8217;s risk associated with nonpayment by
those customers. In an effort to reduce such risk, the Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its significant customers. In addition,
the Company attempts to mitigate the credit risk related to specific IDT Global (formerly known as Carrier Services) customers by also
buying services from the customer, in order to create an opportunity to offset its payables and receivables and reduce its net trade
receivable exposure risk. When it is practical to do so, the Company will increase its purchases from IDT Global customers with receivable
balances that exceed the Company&#8217;s applicable payables in order to maximize the offset and reduce its credit risk.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_840_eus-gaap--ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy_zZ7YtTcfygMi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_861_zjFTa0KNtKFl">Allowance
for Doubtful Accounts</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company estimates the balance of its allowance for doubtful accounts by analyzing accounts receivable balances by age and applying historical
write-off and collection trend rates. The Company&#8217;s estimates include separately providing for customer receivables based on specific
circumstances and credit conditions, and when it is deemed probable that the balance is uncollectible. Account balances are written off
against the allowance when it is determined that the receivable will not be recovered. The change in the allowance for doubtful accounts
is as follows:</span></p>

<p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--AccountsReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossTableTextBlock_zpq3YYQehuCe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zcEBREfuOoxh" style="display: none">Schedule of Changes In Allowance For Doubtful Accounts</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Balance at beginning of year</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">end of year</p></td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; width: 36%; text-align: left">Allowance for doubtful accounts</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zRVJ0PVvgvHd" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year">4,438</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zBY8ASCgn4M7" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Additions charged to costs and expenses">2,330</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_fKDEp_z9YRq8WtfBVk" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions">(886</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zqjzRGQaCQQ" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year">5,444</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_z2cjL1yX5Y94" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Additions charged to costs and expenses">3,109</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731_fKDEp_zrOYhe8ptA9l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions">(2,468</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F08_zjquKOqRBlAk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F16_zVIaBGAJ6iC" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Primarily uncollectible
accounts written off, net of recoveries.</span></td>
</tr></table>

<p id="xdx_8A8_zsmavfKjA0p3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_848_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zXydR0TINMo1" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_861_zCwkxBMxGsG6">Fair
Value Measurements</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fair
value of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities is defined as an exit price, which is the price that would be received to
sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The three-tier
hierarchy for inputs used to measure fair value, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, is
as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    1</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">quoted
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">quoted
    prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">unobservable
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
financial asset or liability&#8217;s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant
to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment
and may affect the valuation of the assets and liabilities being measured and their placement within the fair value hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for its leases under ASU No. 2016-02, <i>Leases (Topic 842)</i>, and the amendments thereto (collectively referred
to as &#8220;ASC 842&#8221;). ASC 842 established a right-of-use (&#8220;ROU&#8221;) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU
asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet on the lease commencement date for all leases with terms longer than 12 months.
Leases are classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income
statement. The lease liability represents the present value of the Company&#8217;s obligation to make payments over the lease term.
The present value of the lease payments is calculated using the incremental borrowing rate based on the rate of interest that the
Company would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. Operating
leases with a term of 12 months or less are not recorded in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets and the Company
recognizes lease cost for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zu65AVpNz1Zi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_862_z3mgFYTAcLF1">Recently
Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">In June 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&#8220;FASB&#8221;),
issued ASU No. 2022-03, <i>Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)</i>, <i>Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual
Sale Restrictions,</i> that clarifies that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit
of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value. The ASU also requires specific disclosures
related to equity securities that are subject to contractual sales restrictions. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU prospectively
on August 1, 2024. The Company is evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, <i>Financial
Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326)</i>, <i>Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,</i> that changes the
impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For receivables, loans and other instruments, entities
will be required to use a new forward-looking current expected credit loss model that generally will result in the earlier
recognition of allowance for losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, entities will measure credit
losses in a manner similar to current practice, except the losses will be recognized as allowances instead of reductions in the
amortized cost of the securities. In addition, an entity will have to disclose significantly more information about allowances,
credit quality indicators, and past due securities. The new provisions will be applied as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained
earnings. The Company will adopt the new standard on August 1, 2023. The Company is evaluating the impact that the new standard will
have on its consolidated financial statements.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499619865312">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Segment Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Business Segment Information</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80B_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_zvCGjcpErQd5" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
2&#8212;<span id="xdx_82E_zZD4vgYFskz3">Business Segment Information</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--NumberOfReportableSegments_dc_uInteger_c20210801__20220731_zCvNdS7aCEoc" title="Number of Reportable Segments">three</span> reportable business segments, Fintech, net2phone, and Traditional Communications. The Company&#8217;s reportable
segments are distinguished by types of service, customers, and methods used to provide their services. The operating results of these
business segments are regularly reviewed by the Company&#8217;s chief operating decision maker. The accounting policies of the segments
are the same as the accounting policies of the Company as a whole. There are no significant asymmetrical allocations to segments. The
Company evaluates the performance of its business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In fiscal 2022, a line of business was reclassified to the net2phone segment from the Traditional Communications segment. Comparative
segment information has been reclassified and restated in all periods to conform to the current period presentation.&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Fintech segment is comprised of National Retail Solutions (&#8220;NRS&#8221;), an operator of a nationwide point of sale (&#8220;POS&#8221;)
network providing payment processing, digital advertising, transaction data, and ancillary services, and BOSS Money, a provider of international
money remittance and related value/payment transfer services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net2phone segment is comprised of net2phone&#8217;s cloud communications offerings.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Traditional Communications segment includes Mobile Top-Up, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging,
and data to international and domestic mobile accounts, BOSS Revolution Calling, an international long-distance calling service marketed
primarily to immigrant communities in the United States and Canada, and IDT Global, a wholesale provider of international voice and SMS
termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional Communications also includes other small
businesses and offerings including early-stage business initiatives and mature businesses in harvest mode.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
costs mainly include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing,
corporate governance including Board of Directors&#8217; fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance,
corporate legal,  and other corporate-related general and administrative
expenses. Corporate does not generate any revenues, nor does it incur any direct cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zFx7m7oh6GJ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B3_zbSIAqpnbWqa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Corporate</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Total</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold">Year ended July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 35%">Revenues</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues">108,764</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z42x8vKKu0k7" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues">58,185</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1081">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Income (loss) from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zIpxmXHxaQBj" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">(11,132</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zI6Hu4Ehdh64" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">(8,926</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zvyhlyvFULd3" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">60,089</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zqROX8DuXO61" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(2,724</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zdzESilBpchi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(5,374</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zKaNGj2kG4va" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(9,940</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zIkvTsmJ9Zbk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(77</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zHIkXZxrwhN9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(18,115</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">1,328,144</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1111">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zEafzoQcAok2" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">(15,460</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_ziUCniSjA0y6" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">56,990</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zMEminSB2yn3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(1,751</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z3WgUmxLqs43" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(5,053</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zJNtZZez9Rvc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(10,884</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_z3BwKASR4lx3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(76</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731_zW6illvWozz4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(17,764</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Year ended July 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Revenues</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">59,924</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zEFJs1Tfi4zg" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">32,454</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">1,253,391</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1141">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">1,345,769</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Income (loss) from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zoY9R0gbIbzf" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">3,381</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zVGA9wKWvJJk" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">(16,765</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_z8cc1Ppi2iB6" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">40,985</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zBTn1A4e3ro7" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">(9,659</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zZUhIaAu2aFi" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">17,942</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Depreciation and amortization</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zSTQ7PZpdjDl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(1,524</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zlrvIfyTswha" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(4,147</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zVdski2uSNs9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(14,689</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zIN3ogtFgTmg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(46</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731_zOruntUDX3f" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(20,406</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>


<p id="xdx_8A4_zKlKjVnGDFCi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
assets for the reportable segments are not provided because a significant portion of the Company&#8217;s assets are servicing multiple
segments and the Company does not track such assets separately by segment.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Geographic
Information</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--LongLivedAssetsByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_z0nYhZI85Mff" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
long-lived assets and total assets held outside of the United States, which are located primarily in Western Europe, were as follows:&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BC_zF2I5j7KYLT" style="display: none">Schedule of Net Long-lived Assets and Total Assets by Geographic Areas</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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                                                           <p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">States</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Other</p>
                                                           <p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Countries</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Total</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 46%; text-align: left">Long-lived assets, net</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_c20210731_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net">30,829</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621512432">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock', window );">Revenue Recognition</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_z7t1q83LVaz2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
3&#8212;<span id="xdx_82D_zDAavVDDcte1">Revenue Recognition</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contracts
with Customers</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">The Company earns revenue from contracts with customers, primarily
through the provision of retail telecommunications and payment offerings as well as wholesale international voice and SMS termination.
BOSS Money, NRS, and net2phone are technology-driven, synergistic businesses that leverage the Company&#8217;s core assets. BOSS Money
and NRS&#8217; revenues are primarily recognized at a point in time, and net2phone&#8217;s revenue is mainly recognized over time. Traditional
Communications are mostly minute-based, paid-voice communications services, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time. The
Company&#8217;s most significant revenue streams are from Mobile Top-Up, BOSS Revolution Calling, and IDT Global. Mobile Top-Up and BOSS
Revolution Calling are sold direct-to-consumers and through distributors and retailers.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mobile
Top-Up</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mobile
Top-Up is sold direct-to-consumers and through distributors and retailers in the same manner as BOSS Revolution Calling. The Company
does not terminate the minutes in its Mobile Top-Up transactions. The Company&#8217;s performance obligation is to recharge (top-up)
the airtime balance of a mobile account on behalf of the Company&#8217;s customer. The Company has contracts with various mobile operators
or aggregators to provide the Mobile Top-Up service. The Company determined that it is the principal in primarily all its Mobile Top-Up
transactions as the Company controls the service to top-up a mobile account on behalf of the Company&#8217;s customer. However, for the
portion of its Mobile Top-Up business where the Company has no customer service responsibilities, no inventory risk, and does not establish
the price, the Company determined that, as the Company is not considered to control the arrangement, it acts as an agent of the mobile
operators. The Company records gross revenues based on the amount billed to the customer when it is the principal in the arrangement
and records revenue net of the associated costs incurred when it acts as an agent in the arrangement. The performance obligation is satisfied,
and revenue is recognized when the recharge of the mobile account occurs. Accordingly, transfer of control happens at the point in time
that the airtime is recharged, which is when the Company has a right to payment and the customer has accepted the service.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling direct-to-consumers</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">BOSS Revolution Calling direct-to-consumers is offered on a pay-as-you-go
basis or in unlimited plans. The customer prepays for service in both cases, which results in a contract liability (deferred revenue).
The contract term for pay-as-you-go plans is minute-to-minute that includes separate performance obligations for the series of material
rights to renew the contract. The performance obligation is satisfied immediately after it arises, and the amount of consideration is
known when the obligation is satisfied. Since the Company&#8217;s satisfaction of its performance obligation and the customer&#8217;s
use of the service occur simultaneously, the Company recognizes revenue at the point in time when minutes are utilized, since the customer
obtained control and the Company has a present right to payment. For unlimited plans, the Company has a stand-ready obligation to provide
service over time for an agreed upon term. Unlimited plans include fixed consideration over the term. Plan fees for unlimited plans are
generally refundable at the request of the customer up to three days after payment if there was no usage. Since the Company&#8217;s satisfaction
of its performance obligation and the customer&#8217;s use of the service occur over the term of the plan, the Company recognizes revenue
over a period of time as the service is rendered. The Company uses an output method as time elapses because it reflects the pattern by
which the Company satisfies its performance obligation through the transfer of service to the customer. The fixed upfront consideration
is recognized evenly over the service period, which is generally 24 hours, 7 days, or one month.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling sold through distributors and retailers</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BOSS
Revolution Calling sold through distributors and retailers is the same service as BOSS Revolution Calling sold direct-to-consumers.
The Company sells capacity to international calling minutes to retailers, or to distributors who resell to retailers. The retailer
or distributor is the Company&#8217;s customer in these transactions. The Company&#8217;s sales price to retailers and distributors,
net of discounts, is less than the end user rate for BOSS Revolution Calling minutes. The customer or the Company may terminate
their agreement at any time upon thirty days written notice without penalty. Retailers may sell BOSS Revolution Calling on a
pay-as-you-go basis or in unlimited plans. As described above, for pay-as-you-go, the Company recognizes revenue at the point in
time when minutes are utilized, and for unlimited plans, the Company recognizes revenue over a period of time as the service is
rendered. Retailers and distributors also receive initial commissions upon sale to end users, and renewal commissions when certain
end users subsequently purchase minutes directly from the Company. Initial and renewal commission payments are accounted for as a
reduction of the transaction price over time as the end user uses the service.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global services are offered to both postpaid and prepaid customers. Postpaid customers are billed in arrears and typically consist of
credit-worthy companies such as Tier 1 carriers and mobile network operators. Prepaid customers are typically smaller communications
companies and independent call aggregators. There is no performance obligation until the transport and termination of international long-distance
calls commences. The initial contract durations range from six months to one year with successive extensions. During the initial term,
the contract can only be terminated in certain instances (such as bankruptcy of either party, damage to the other party&#8217;s network,
fraud, or breach of contract). However, no penalties are applied if the agreement is terminated in the initial term. After the initial
term has expired, either party may terminate the agreement with notice of 30 days to 60 days depending on the agreement. The term of
the contract is essentially minute-to-minute as there is no penalty for an early termination and no obligation to send traffic.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
iteration is a separate optional purchase that is occurring over the contract duration (that is, minute-by-minute). The satisfaction
of the performance obligation is occurring at a point in time (as the minutes are transferred) because the provision of the service and
the satisfaction of the performance obligation are essentially occurring simultaneously. Revenue is recognized at the point in time upon
delivery of the service.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has not generally entered into contracts that have retroactive pricing features. Additionally, as the performance obligations
are considered minute-by-minute obligations in the original contract, any modification of the original contract that leads to a conclusion
that there is a new contract would not result in any adjustment related to the original contract&#8217;s consideration.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company provides discounts to its larger customers based on the expectation of a significant volume of minutes that are consistent with
that class of customer in the wholesale carrier market. The discounts do not provide a material right to the customer because the customer
receives the same pricing for all usage under the contract.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global&#8217;s contracts may include tiered pricing based on minute volumes. The Company determined that its retroactive tiered pricing
should be accounted for as variable consideration because the final transaction price is unknown until the customer completes or fails
to complete the specified threshold. Currently, contracts with retroactive tiered pricing are not material. The Company estimates the
amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price only to the extent that it is probable that a subsequent change
in the estimate would not result in a significant revenue reversal.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company enters into Notification of Reciprocal Transmission (&#8220;NORT&#8221;) transactions, in which the Company commits to purchase
a specific number of wholesale carrier minutes to other specific destinations at specified rates, and the counterparty commits to purchase
from the Company a specific number of minutes to specific destinations at specified rates. The number of minutes purchased and sold is
not necessarily the same. The rates in these reciprocal transactions are generally not at prevailing market rates, and the amounts paid
to the counterparty in excess of market rates are reflected as a reduction in revenue received from the customer. In addition, the Company
enters into transactions in which it swaps minutes with another carrier. The Company recognizes revenue and the related direct cost of
revenue for these reciprocal and swap transactions based on the fair value of the minutes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Global&#8217;s NORT contracts include the promise of minimum guaranteed amounts of traffic. The performance obligation represents a stand
ready obligation to provide the specified number of minutes over the contractual term. The initial terms of NORT contracts generally
range from one month to six months. Since the Company&#8217;s satisfaction of its performance obligation of routing calls to their destination
includes a minimum guaranteed amount of traffic, the Company recognizes revenue over a period of time as the service is rendered. The
customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company&#8217;s performance as the Company performs. The Company
uses an output method as the usage of minutes occur because it reflects the pattern by which the Company satisfies its performance obligation
through the transfer of service to the customer.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disaggregated
Revenues</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_z2AMuiRKAEfc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table shows the Company&#8217;s revenues disaggregated by business segment and service offered to customers:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B6_zq0lpdJETNRl" style="display: none">Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Year ended July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20200801__20210731_zWmhl9cCaQIl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">57,464</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">49,595</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zEeuxgMRE2Tb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">24,749</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">11,980</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z5CPuDva9FAb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Total Fintech</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">74,344</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">59,924</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_ztdr6O02RCq" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">32,454</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--MobileTopUpMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zJTITp03ULfj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">461,603</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionCallingMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zoQo6XbMWFb9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">BOSS Revolution Calling</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTGlobalMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_znqHELqNvy8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">360,996</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">394,334</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zXTGHh3eBEz5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Other</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">50,301</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">56,378</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zUNu44m9Q4Il" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,197,108</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<p id="xdx_8AA_zxUJ22gzvTIf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_zpx73K4npumg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table shows the Company&#8217;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location.
On July 31, 2020, the Company restructured certain operations for tax purposes resulting in the change of geographic sourcing of revenues
from the Netherlands to the United States, and on February 1, 2021, geographic sourcing was changed from the United States to the United
Kingdom.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zsHDWi35VCpc" style="display: none">Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">(in thousands)</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fintech</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">net2phone</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Total</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Outside the United States:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zZ1cQ6ydujM" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1247">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zbseknQHfkR9" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">311,847</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z6mYeiAUcFDf" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">311,847</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Netherlands</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zxvQRVSlA9d6" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1253">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zXZJSmULB2jc" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">30</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zPCkj3yAzB8" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1257">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zpJeDiCq7cV" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">30</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Other</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zc06X7wuwo3k" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">1,996</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zvhhAIFL2FR5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">28,050</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zI5ifgvfVWic" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">48,778</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zb8rBqRbGyR" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">78,824</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total outside the United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zKw1hluzHRdi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">1,996</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zhCtcQA3kQIb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">28,080</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zIO6AxuBEQNk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">360,625</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zwVUcQfbHu7k" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">390,701</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_ziLLRbNBDjl4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">58,185</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zX51BPxKONO3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">1,197,108</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z5MRRIrj2CM5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">1,364,057</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zKbzOO4jI4Kh" style="text-align: right" title="Total">74,344</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_z9EDAl4khawi" style="text-align: right" title="Total">23,093</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zCZ9F10Sjm22" style="text-align: right" title="Total">1,033,814</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zviMcWrDfzwk" style="text-align: right" title="Total">1,131,251</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Outside the United States:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">United Kingdom</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z2nLGU7ixpAj" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1293">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zbzqQUOyMHqf" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1295">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zRCzvXXnUqHd" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">241,590</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zt9yo0fUxeP2" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">241,590</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Netherlands</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zrC5FSkMEMm6" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1301">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_z8mufF40Nau7" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">28</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zlnJvEbfcDd4" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1305">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zphYQ2mykWW3" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">28</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Other</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zPMBoKABKGHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1309">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zouoKFBIKx9a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">21,381</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zD9gZPu7zHw4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">52,740</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zVfQnN7vykQ8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">74,121</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total outside the United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zdJbGhACHahg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1317">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zWtqO6VcB6tj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">21,409</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zZIegFqRXVDi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">294,330</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zqPG09GADM6l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">315,739</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zVYcfCViJZFj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">74,344</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zVCDkdFHg0U3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">44,502</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zpdm7NVwlhx1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">1,328,144</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zQQ05dgkRsVk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">1,446,990</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Year ended July 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zuRm8NZYnkZf" style="text-align: right" title="Total">59,924</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z1JwDNCLhDrk" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">131,716</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Netherlands</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zU73O3QGK5l7" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1349">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zEZwIdeeqP62" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">14</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zovRBcXYWDU4" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">210,729</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_za4d6TfUm9R9" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">210,743</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Other</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zwIOEWDDBnD6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1357">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zsbpBeygSD9d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">16,922</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zQX1miA9U4Dj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">61,038</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zHjpw1n7Czs" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">77,960</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total outside the United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_z2KizIPdDGYj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1365">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zgiE4PR6d9tc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">16,948</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zIJPMaAzq3I4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">403,471</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zVBczeEikDZe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">420,419</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z4oTw2h7NnZb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">59,924</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zf7KQQfebmga" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">32,454</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zdSIyIaydFb3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">1,253,391</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zkXVJtOw46e" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">1,345,769</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A8_zgW4ClXi3COe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Remaining
Performance Obligations</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company does not have any significant revenue from performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous reporting periods.
The Company&#8217;s remaining performance obligations at July 31, 2022 and 2021 had an original expected duration of one year or less.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accounts
Receivable and Contract Balances</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to the Company&#8217;s customers. Trade accounts receivable in the
Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets represent unconditional rights to consideration. The Company would record a contract asset
when revenue is recognized in advance of its right to bill and receive consideration. The Company has not identified any contract assets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contract
liabilities arise when the Company receives consideration or bills its customers prior to providing the goods or services promised in
the contract. The Company&#8217;s contract liability balance is primarily payments received for prepaid BOSS Revolution Calling. Contract
liabilities are recognized as revenue when services are provided to the customer. The Company estimates its expected breakage revenue
by revenue stream recorded each month, based on inputs and assumptions about usage of the deferred revenue balances. The Company used
its historical deferred revenue usage data by revenue stream to calculate the percentage of deferred revenue by month that will become
breakage. The historical data indicated that customers utilize a very high percentage of minutes purchased in the first three months.
The Company reviews its estimates quarterly based on updated data and adjusts the monthly estimates accordingly.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
contract liability balances are presented in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets as &#8220;Deferred revenue&#8221;. The Company&#8217;s
revenue recognized in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning
of the period was $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_z4B3EycM4Je9" title="Contract liability">28.2</span> million, $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zkmSElyDmdrj" title="Contract liability">28.7</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_z3AZozrkbtii" title="Contract liability">32.3</span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition and Fulfillment Costs</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes its incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer that it expects to recover as an asset. The Company&#8217;s
incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are sales commissions paid to employees and third parties on sales to end users.
If the amortization period would be one year or less for the asset that would be recognized from deferring these costs, the Company applies
the practical expedient whereby the Company charges these costs to expense when incurred. For net2phone sales, the Company defers
these costs and amortizes them over the expected customer relationship period when it is expected to exceed one year.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s costs to fulfill its contracts do not meet the criteria to be recognized as an asset, therefore these costs are charged
to expense as incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_zjMj52DQTL5g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_zBgmSxqFIDS8" style="display: none">Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220731_zQf8hTZrh0n4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210731_zOsM5mIAv2Hf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zezOgz9l2dZe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,085</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">3,460</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zWRjXgDdUY34" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other assets&#8221;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,469</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,151</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCCNzHg2_zb3mBx2LWtTi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">7,554</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">6,611</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A2_zAc6yEOWIX7b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company&#8217;s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs was $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zMfki94k6Mw2" title="Capitalized contract cost, amortization">4.4</span>
million, $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zW258ubLlzT9" title="Capitalized contract cost, amortization">3.6</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zzsstQyyWL1a" title="Capitalized contract cost, amortization">2.4</span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=49130388<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130551-203045<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130556-203045<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130554-203045<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130550-203045<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130554-203045<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130554-203045<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130554-203045<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130558-203045<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130554-203045<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621557248">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock', window );">Leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_zrKd1m4vXDBd" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
4&#8212;<span id="xdx_82F_ztxA9EJapLLi">Leases</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s leases primarily consist of operating leases for office space. These leases have remaining terms from less than <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zYxCyrCmeAJ" title="Lessee, operating lease, term of contract">one year</span>
to <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zD26idsBX7oi" title="Lessee, operating lease, term of contract">six years</span>. net2phone also has operating leases for office equipment. Certain of these leases include renewal options that may
be exercised and/or options to terminate the lease. The Company has concluded that it is not reasonably certain that it would exercise
the options to extend or terminate the leases.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone
is the lessee in equipment leases that are classified as finance leases. The assets and liabilities related to these finance leases are
not material to the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company leases office and parking space in a building and parking garage located at 520 Broad St, Newark, New Jersey that was owned
by the Company&#8217;s former subsidiary, Rafael Holdings, Inc. (&#8220;Rafael&#8221;). On August 22, 2022, Rafael sold the building
and parking garage to an unrelated third party. The Company&#8217;s lease in that building continues with the new owner. The Company
also leases office space in Israel from Rafael. Howard S. Jonas, the Chairman of the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors, is also the
Chairman of the Board of Directors of Rafael. <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--GeographicDistributionAxis__custom--NewarkMember_zeAvESdMBFj">The
Newark lease expires in April 2025 and the Israel lease expires in July 2025.</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company incurred lease costs of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zlMrNUCUATWe" title="Incurred lease cost">2.0</span>
million, $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zHDP7kGllqN1" title="Incurred lease cost">1.9</span> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million,
and $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zdf2OD8dWrZf" title="Incurred lease cost">1.9</span>
million, respectively, in connection with the Rafael leases, which is included in operating lease cost in the table
below.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zTJFJSZAJa6d" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#8217;s operating leases were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zNa6ofDO51n5" style="display: none">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases</span>&#160;</span></p>

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                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20210801__20220731_z1S2hY4ARtRh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20190801__20200731_zZWgiQtDAYF4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 46%; text-align: left">Operating lease cost</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,901</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">2,824</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">2,832</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Short-term lease cost</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,348</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">620</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">246</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL LEASE COST</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,249</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,444</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,078</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Operating cash flows from operating
leases</p></td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,857</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,779</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,745</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,857</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,779</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,745</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p id="xdx_8A5_zk4yxobstGcj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_898_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zDJNfRy6eUu4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zGSgIyGWL0X2">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</span>&#160;</span></p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Weighted-average remaining lease term-operating leases</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Weighted-average discount rate-operating leases</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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<p id="xdx_8A4_zmWWF1MloVH7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, the Company entered into new office leases with an aggregate operating lease liability of $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_z0Y8EVcvTafh" title="Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Operating Lease Liability">2.2</span> million and
$<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zR1Fee62jHql" title="Operating lease liability">0.6</span> million, respectively. The Company&#8217;s aggregate operating lease liability was as follows:</span></p>

<p id="xdx_895_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zAAIUk95nBxh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_zPbmUi06JKSi" style="display: none">Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20210731_zjwAsQYhw4F2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zB0cbkHhqr06" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities included in &#8220;Other current liabilities&#8221;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,899</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">2,456</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zZVzmlBhhupg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,606</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzDbj_zlkLB5WtagU8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">7,929</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AC_zvdOKpuH7UP8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zSLCzSuBaqRh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zDJnto9PGgN5" style="display: none">Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20220731_zZ55U9dGbuoi">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Year ending July 31:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z90lglJVuHH6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 78%; text-align: left">2023</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 18%; text-align: right">3,088</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zI6VveOvN2yd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,502</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z5Bw7R5JI8Z3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">2025</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,872</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zI2T2BusnHg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">2026</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">194</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_znLagtLL0jGe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">2027</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">141</p></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zmDDto2Cz0A4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Thereafter</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">48</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzXtU_zFkXH3CIGfy7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total lease payments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,845</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_z8ALbxkaEKi9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Less imputed interest</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(340</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total operating lease liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">7,505</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>


<p id="xdx_8A0_zn0KNAnwyOVc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"/><p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for operating leases of lessee. Includes, but is not limited to, description of operating lease and maturity analysis of operating lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&amp;trid=77888251<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621690656">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_zrv1g04Neke4" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
5&#8212;<span id="xdx_827_zFjaYiJNA9s2">Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zt0K4xcX6s4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B2_zEeUQ4XXfELe" style="display: none">Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220731_zCOsnZmkztok" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20210731_zRCdy4ZEJXni" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zMUa0b3UedKe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">98,352</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">107,147</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zPCdN4QisnU7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">91,210</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">119,769</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzDIV_zditijp1LrCl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">189,562</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">226,916</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8A6_zbaK9rpXPtW5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022 and 2021, restricted cash and cash equivalents included $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_zs2244JxSqAk" title="Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current">86.6</span> million and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_zXHNn6kCHpT7" title="Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current">115.8</span> million, respectively, in restricted
cash and cash equivalents for customer deposits held by IDT Financial Services Limited (&#8220;IDT Financial Services&#8221;), the Company&#8217;s
Gibraltar-based bank. Certain of the electronic money financial services regulations in Gibraltar require IDT Financial Services to safeguard
cash held for customer deposits, segregate cash held for customer deposits from any other cash that IDT Financial Services holds and
utilize the cash only for the intended payment transaction.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Company
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company treats unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC, which
provide the Company&#8217;s international money transfer services in the United States, as substantially restricted and unavailable for
other purposes. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, &#8220;Cash and cash equivalents&#8221; in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets
included an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTPaymentServicesMember_zjWNY39JGlmf" title="Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value">17.3</span> million and $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTPaymentServicesMember_zbExtVfT8nf5" title="Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value">15.3</span> million, respectively, held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of
New York, LLC, that was unavailable for other purposes.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618535120">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Acquisitions<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationAndAssetAcquisitionAbstract', window );"><strong>Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock_zT4cXiZZ7Njk" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
6&#8212;<span id="xdx_823_zeYJRi3066kg">Acquisitions</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Integra
CCS</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 3, 2022, the Company&#8217;s subsidiary, net2phone 2.0, Inc. (&#8220;net2phone 2.0&#8221;), which owns and operates the net2phone
segment, purchased all of the outstanding shares of Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. for an aggregate purchase price of up to $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Consideration Transferred">15.0</span> million.
Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. are located in Uruguay and use the trade name Integra CCS (&#8220;Integra&#8221;). Integra provides cloud-based
contact-center-as-a-service (&#8220;CCaaS&#8221;) in the Americas and Europe including omnichannel support, social media integrations,
chat-bot communications, workflow management, development tools for tailored contact center solutions and numerous third-party software
integrations. The  net2phone segment and Integra are highly synergistic and CCaaS is expected to be a source of
growth and expansion when combined with net2phone&#8217;s global sales and channel partner network.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
operating results of the acquired companies from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included in the Company&#8217;s
consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
purchase price consisted of: (a) cash of $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_pn5n6" title="Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross">7.2</span> million that was paid at closing, (b) <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions_pid_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zib82fzR3T6c" title="Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Acquisitions">27,765</span> shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common
stock with a value of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_pn5n6" title="Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions">1.0</span> million that were issued at closing, (c) $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred">3.3</span> million, half of which will be paid at the end of 12 months
after closing and the remainder will be paid at the end of 24 months after closing, subject to holdback for the settlement of claims
against the sellers, if any, and (d) <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zKxhFrCDlJf8" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Description">contingent consideration of up to $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High">3.5</span> million based on annual cumulative incremental recurring
seat revenue of the net2phone segment over a four-year period, payable in cash and/or equity at net2phone 2.0&#8217;s discretion.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z71zI0IDqBre" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BF_zJw9OloaSjEc" style="display: none">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zaspyen1HZP4" style="text-indent: 60pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_z8cQzB7ws7Lh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 78%; text-align: left">Cash paid</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 18%; text-align: right">7,200</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(81</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,119</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_pn3n3_z3o4VJqgrnkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,000</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pn3n3_ziRjJ44lj8V6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Future payments subject to holdback</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,158</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Contingent consideration</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration">1,361</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">12,638</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8A6_z4c4obHVqZuj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition-date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow models. This fair value measurement
was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. There was no change in the
estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to July 31, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zp6EYE5guopi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_z3kVUL41zLe1" style="display: none">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zDqxnWoZIaif" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">332</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">4</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Other current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">21</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment (mainly acquired technology)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">777</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Customer relationships (<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zaNMA7LMx45a" title="Useful lives, years">7</span>-year useful lives)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,230</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Non-compete agreements (<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_z31rcUqkNBv6" title="Useful lives, years">6</span>-year useful lives)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease right-of-use asset</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Deferred income tax assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable_iNI_pn3n3_di_z6zHjrEEhHf1" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts payable</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther_iNI_pn3n3_di_zbYzLHbNWLbl" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_iNI_pn3n3_di_znaCYSKuavQ2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(243</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_zUc58Vq9PL77" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liability current portion</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(176</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_z43fxoMbdmI1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liability noncurrent portion</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(556</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue_iNI_pn3n3_di_zRW84vUszcwi" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncontrolling interests</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Net assets acquired excluding cash</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">12,638</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A9_zUsmp3LxFePl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
goodwill was assigned to the net2phone segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforce and the expected synergies
from the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Leaf
Global Fintech Corporation</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 1, 2022, the Company&#8217;s subsidiary, IDT International Telecom, Inc. (&#8220;IDTIT&#8221;), purchased all of the outstanding
shares of Leaf Global Fintech Corporation (&#8220;Leaf&#8221;) for up to $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_c20220227__20220301__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_pn4n6" title="Business Combination, Consideration Transferred">6.05</span> million. Leaf is a provider of digital wallet services
in emerging markets currently serving unbanked customers in Rwanda, Uganda, and Kenya. The Leaf wallet is a mobile platform available
on both smartphones and non-smartphones through an app or by utilizing a USSD interface accessed via a short code. The Leaf digital wallet
enables customers to store, send, receive, and exchange currencies on their phones domestically and across borders. The Leaf platform
leverages the Stellar network for storing and disseminating transaction data while maintaining value with stablecoins. Stellar is an
open-source, decentralized blockchain network that connects global financial infrastructure, optimized for payments and specifically
to support cross-border transactions. The Company intends to utilize Leaf&#8217;s blockchain-based digital wallet to, among other things,
provide secure storage and share value to the people worldwide who use feature phones rather than smartphones, as well as expand Leaf&#8217;s
affordable mobile technology to traders, refugees, migrants, and others worldwide.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Leaf&#8217;s
operating results from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included in the Company&#8217;s consolidated financial
statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
purchase price is comprised of (a) $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_c20220227__20220301__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_pn5n6" title="Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross">0.5</span> million paid in cash at the closing, (b) a working capital adjustment for a maximum of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pp0p0_c20220227__20220301__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_z4RXM8S234D5" title="Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred">50,000</span>,
and (c) <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_zvPxUD7ARwa9" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Description">contingent consideration of up to $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High">5.5</span> million based on annual gross profit over a five-year period</span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zX4r9X2maVIf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B7_zSP2MQ0w3Nuj" style="display: none">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zymJum0pl8Y2" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_zTA90d27vIi4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Cash paid</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">500</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zV6W535MRbsc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(167</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zMYA0T1hm81d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">333</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Contingent consideration</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration">3,330</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_z40RNX0Jivue" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,663</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A9_z1xW0VTxh7Td" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition-date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow models. This fair value measurement
was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. There was no change in the
estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to July 31, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zgE2ZZji2id6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B3_z6GEiiwm4rL8" style="display: none">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zuPP7T2n2MKb" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_ztWhWl0BOaYd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Current assets</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">9</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3_zNNUPF6KULog" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment (mainly acquired technology)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">324</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_ztZjO15fPB5j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Goodwill</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,199</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3_z2ZFh5m0RS0i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Tradename (<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zsMCv29195Ii" title="Useful lives, years">5</span>-year useful life)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">131</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3_zAkXkChaoWbl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Net assets acquired excluding cash</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,663</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AE_z5mJR6agwOTa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
goodwill was assigned to the Fintech segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforce and the expected synergies from
the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">In September 2022, the Company determined that the requirements
for a portion of the contingent consideration payments related to the Leaf acquisition would not be met. The Company recorded a gain
of $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_pn5n6_c20220901__20220930__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zV1R93Vd8qS" title="Write-off of contingent consideration">1.6</span> million on the write-off of this contingent consideration payment obligation in the first quarter of fiscal 2023.</p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sochitel
UK Ltd.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 3, 2020, IDTIT acquired <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_z6cMywaeRZcg" title="Business acquired percentage">51</span>% of the issued shares of Sochitel UK Ltd. (&#8220;Sochitel&#8221;), a global hub and digital distribution
platform for mobile top-up, electronic vouchers, and other value transfer services primarily in Africa. Sochitel&#8217;s operating results
from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included in the Company&#8217;s consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zNxEZkRe5aBa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B6_zr4IE7cmYsv" style="display: none">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zilatKi34e4b" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_zBbiwu30Gk8f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Cash paid</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">2,732</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zVCTGVeQbDp7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(344</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zuUdEEbs8Lid" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,388</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Contingent consideration</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration">393</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_zHl89a3QJKTb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,781</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A2_z9HJM7v1Y4Pi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zceLSj63GlP1" title="Contingent consideration, description">The
contingent consideration of $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_z6f1oEm00u39" title="Payment on contigent consideration">0.5</span> million will be paid no later than November 30, 2022 if Sochitel meets an EBITDA threshold between October
1, 2021 and September 30, 2022</span>. The acquisition date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow
models. This fair value measurement was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement.
There was no change in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to July 31, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zZNr4gwGaVG" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_z9P1ehQoZ9P8" style="display: none">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zzXCDMNjfin5" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_iI_pn3n3_zlHo9z4qc5Cg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">656</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_iI_pn3n3_zNMlsAwY5DEh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,644</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3_zMBROigKosBl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">75</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_z9XLGkKC5016" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Goodwill</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,025</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Customer relationships (<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zVOWX6bhD0Td" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life">15</span>-year useful life)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,960</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3_zXS61mx4Qx87" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Tradenames (<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zjcbyhCDBDWg" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life">20</span>-year useful life)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">440</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets_iI_pn3n3_zxTl0Ehwijnf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Deferred income tax assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">197</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_zbl1uuXgE829" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">30</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable_iNI_pn3n3_di_zHKoPDnLesC6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts payable</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,306</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_iNI_pn3n3_di_zbLLWnnoIUtk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(423</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther_iNI_pn3n3_di_zDPt7sNG6xW4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(329</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue_iNI_pn3n3_di_zJ2Ep4hBBVQe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncontrolling interests</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(2,188</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3_zEcwdBz6rtaf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Net assets acquired excluding cash</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,781</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A1_zw6Nb8wF2JF4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
goodwill was assigned to the Traditional Communications segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforces and the expected
synergies from the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to a Put/Call Option Agreement related to the <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--OptionIndexedToIssuersEquityTypeAxis__custom--PutCallOptionAgreementMember_z6iDjvII0k6i" title="Business acquired percentage">5</span>% of the issued shares of Sochitel that the seller did not initially sell to IDTIT (&#8220;Option
Shares&#8221;), the seller exercised its option and on March 22, 2021, IDTIT purchased the Option Shares for $<span id="xdx_909_ecustom--OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice_iI_pn5n6_c20210322__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zDrm5CN5KIkh" title="Option of shares value">0.3</span> million. The purchase
of the Option Shares resulted in a $<span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction_pn5n6_c20210321__20210322__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--NoncontrollingInterestMember_zixyASzpITBa" title="Purchase of option shares reduction">0.2</span> million reduction in &#8220;Noncontrolling interests&#8221; and a $<span id="xdx_902_ecustom--PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction_pp0p0_c20210321__20210322__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_zjmkEhXywIf5" title="Purchase of option shares reduction">21,000</span> reduction in &#8220;Additional
paid-in capital&#8221; in the consolidated balance sheets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 15, 2021, IDTIT purchased <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_ztX3FZJqzkKc" title="Business acquired percentage">19</span>% of Sochitel&#8217;s issued shares from the remaining noncontrolling interest holder. The purchase
price was cash of $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn5n6_c20210614__20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_z1m4zuLCNxA9" title="Purchase price">1.0</span> million plus contingent consideration of up to $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability_iI_pn5n6_c20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zNwrMHjDKuz8" title="Contingent consideration">0.3</span> million if Sochitel meets certain Adjusted EBITDA targets
(as defined in the purchase agreement) no later than April 1, 2023. The acquisition date fair value of the contingent consideration of
$<span id="xdx_907_ecustom--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zBqnvP6FOER4" title="Fair value of contingent consideration">0.2</span> million was estimated using cash flow models. This fair value measurement was based on significant inputs not observable in the
market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. The purchase of the shares resulted in a $<span id="xdx_905_ecustom--NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity_pn5n6_c20210614__20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zlBqzQu6YXTa" title="Reduction in noncontrolling interest">1.0 </span>million reduction in &#8220;Noncontrolling
interests,&#8221; a $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_pn5n6_c20210614__20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zUZgiR72ACxi" title="Reduction in additional paid in capital">0.3</span> million reduction in &#8220;Additional paid-in capital,&#8221; and $<span id="xdx_901_ecustom--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zLbhPXyODQyf" title="Fair value of contingent consideration">0.2</span> million liability in the consolidated
balance sheets. There was no change in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date
to July 31, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pro
Forma Disclosures</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s pro forma results of operations as if the acquisitions occurred as of August 1, 2019 were not materially different from
the actual results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationAndAssetAcquisitionAbstract">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for a business combination (or series of individually immaterial business combinations) completed during the period, including background, timing, and recognized assets and liabilities. The disclosure may include leverage buyout transactions (as applicable).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2303972<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4946-128472<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499624431568">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt Securities<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesTradingAndAvailableForSaleAbstract', window );"><strong>Debt Securities, Trading and Available-for-Sale [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Debt Securities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zxdThNoSqFqg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
7&#8212;<span id="xdx_82D_zXx47SOS4Mm">Debt Securities</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_zfMivDd5a1Ma" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zVM7E1VfVOz7" style="display: none">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Amortized <br/> Cost</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Gross <br/> Unrealized <br/> Gains</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Gross <br/> Unrealized <br/> Losses</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fair Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 40%">Certificates of deposit<sup id="xdx_F46_zIRVjprgdi9j">*</sup></td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zUJ0i29YE7G" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">2,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____ztVPX4eFPzKf" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1699">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zFN2YoIJtAJf" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(14</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zxTfP7ZlFMMa" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">1,986</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">13,848</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1707">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zOp2ScPdNL6" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(114</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">13,734</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">3,966</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax">1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z9vqo7HTX4Sh" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(416</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">3,551</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Municipal bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">3,035</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1723">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zDArEDN6zf3h" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(3</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">3,032</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">22,849</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax">1</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731_zWcFEesgTcx2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(547</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">22,303</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Certificates of deposit<sup id="xdx_F43_zLPoitzbfDs8">*</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zvKQDjqfmEYd" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">1,200</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zL6GjdK4BEB2" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax">3</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zbLBcy91YvXb" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1741">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z430MENGJ8Nf" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">1,203</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">1,669</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1747">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zx2ucxwWwdDa" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(17</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">1,652</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">6,327</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax">38</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z35I8hc7O212" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(33</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">6,332</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Municipal bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">4,825</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1763">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zFHBCUc28yU7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1765">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">4,825</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax">41</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731_zRfyDtDQSP19" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(50</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">14,012</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td id="xdx_F05_zfMGYKFpoN89" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F15_zWXZiipKfX4l" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
    of the certificates of deposit held by the Company has a CUSIP, was purchased in the secondary market through a broker and may be
    sold in the secondary market.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p id="xdx_8AA_zj5L24PM3rZ6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proceeds
from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zLUG7a68OTe6" title="Proceeds from Sale and Maturity of Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">21.2</span> million, $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_c20200801__20210731_pn5n6" title="Proceeds from Sale and Maturity of Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">26.2</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zs24PKlBF2Tk" title="Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale">6.5</span> million
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively. There were no realized gains or realized losses from sales of debt securities
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_z5Dn8JJVnORh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
contractual maturities of the Company&#8217;s available-for-sale debt securities at July 31, 2022 were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B6_znANlWHkf21c" style="display: none">Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20220731_zT0Y6L3T8T53" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fair Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zYDBztQOGoe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 84%; text-align: left">Within one year</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">15,374</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zfRZVIs1E77i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">After one year through five years</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,729</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zMersWnB713h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">After five years through ten years</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,634</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zbSpUaL9QOJk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">After ten years</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">566</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDz3sI_znqBWi9UCZej" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">22,303</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AE_zCpNx21nk4vk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zUedIMyStdo3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for which other-than-temporary impairments were not
recognized:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B8_z1BVEhP31SF2" style="display: none">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Unrealized <br/> Losses</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fair <br/>Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%">Certificates of deposit</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_pn3n3" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">14</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_pn3n3" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">1,986</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">114</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">13,734</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">416</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">3,514</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Municipal bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">3</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">2,412</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">547</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">21,646</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">17</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">1,652</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">33</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">3,293</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">50</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">4,945</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A3_zPWY7Ueyhi44" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zsZqrFrqKaac" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2021, there were no securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer. At July 31, 2022, the following
available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BB_zEIrZ9kuf8jk" style="display: none">Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</span></span></p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 68%">July 31, 2022</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right; width: 12%">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right; width: 12%">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zJLJYWiiJju3" style="text-align: right">72</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right">892</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">234</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1,731</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">306</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,623</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8AE_z6Lx1aNsfgfl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022, the Company did not intend to sell any of the debt securities included in the table above, and it is not more likely than
not that the Company will be required to sell any of these securities before recovery of the unrealized losses, which may be at maturity.</span></p>
<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499726043904">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity Investments<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock', window );">Equity Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock_zY60sDFA14q6" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
8&#8212;<span><span id="xdx_821_zXhZG0vVTLG1">Equity Investments</span></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89F_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zDrM7yIKWBg1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
investments consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B6_zhp6Dw8oFnw5" style="display: none">Schedule of Equity Investments</span></span></p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31<br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zkj1wAzuD5G9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Zedge, Inc. Class B common stock, <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_908_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zmxjPg0y3m4d" title="Number of related party shares received"><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_90A_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z3Cr2ASgiFv6" title="Number of related party shares received">42,282</span></span> shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zWOPKJZarxh2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock, <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_902_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zj0rlOC6k078" title="Number of related party shares received">290,214</span> and <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_905_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z36zpBtcKiZ3" title="Number of related party shares received">246,565</span> shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">586</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Rafael Holdings, Inc. restricted Class B common stock, <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_909_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_dxL_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zmt6cOHoFF1f" title="Number of related party shares received::XDX::-"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1859">nil </span></span>and <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_901_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z9sBe5iIiXhd" title="Number of related party shares received">43,649 </span>shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,209</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__custom--OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_zv8M3Aah0jol" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other marketable equity securities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,630</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_znXxFABgEu6d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Fixed income mutual funds</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">12,299</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">23,467</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_z8b2QTgRCNtd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Current equity investments</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">17,091</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">42,434</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zb0u8JNfkdWg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Visa Inc. Series C Convertible Participating Preferred Stock (&#8220;Visa Series C Preferred&#8221;)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,132</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">2,465</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zdWoLgVZStP1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Visa Inc. Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock (&#8220;Visa
Series A Preferred&#8221;)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,230</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_z9p3zon35qga" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,001</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,901</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--HedgeFundsMember_zOizbVXtjYDa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Hedge funds</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,238</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,563</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--OtherInvestmentsMember_zMFCvNJvsIXf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Other</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">825</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,725</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zkrerjkMJMa4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Noncurrent equity investments</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">7,426</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">11,654</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AF_zmkr4k2yiZDa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company received the shares of Zedge Inc. (&#8220;Zedge&#8221;) Class B common stock and <span id="xdx_901_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember_zwzb3nf8kypf" title="Related party shares received">28,320 </span>of
the shares of Rafael Class B common stock set forth in the table above in connection with the lapsing of restrictions on Zedge and
Rafael restricted stock held by certain of the Company&#8217;s employees and the Company&#8217;s payment of taxes on behalf of its
employees related thereto. Howard S. Jonas is the Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors of Zedge.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 7, 2020, the Company purchased from Rafael <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zaGhXGCXI39b" title="Owned shares">218,245</span> newly issued shares of Rafael&#8217;s Class B common stock and a warrant
to purchase up to <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights_iI_pid_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zXvWZWY3XhH8" title="Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights">43,649</span> shares of Rafael&#8217;s Class B common stock at an exercise price of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zeHmcJCkpRRd" title="Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights">22.91</span> at any time on or after December
7, 2020 and on or prior to June 6, 2022. The aggregate purchase price of $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zr1hF2ge5qRe" title="Investment Owned, at Fair Value">5.0</span> million was allocated $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_pn5n6" title="Investment Owned, at Fair Value">4.6</span> million to the shares and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember_pn5n6" title="Investment Owned, at Fair Value">0.4</span>
million to the warrant based on their relative purchase date fair values. The fair value of the warrant on the acquisition date was estimated
using a Black-Scholes valuation model that represented a Level 3 measurement. The purchase price was based on a per share price of $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_pid_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zRNOPLVLMxU1" title="Shares Issued, Price Per Share">22.91</span>,
which was the closing price of Rafael&#8217;s Class B common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the trading day immediately preceding
the purchase date. On March 15, 2021, the Company exercised the warrant in full and purchased <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights_iI_pid_c20210315__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonMember_z1SepUn2gjdh" title="Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights">43,649 </span>shares of Rafael&#8217;s Class B
common stock for cash of $<span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants_c20210315__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonMember_pn5n6" title="Class of warrant, exercise price of warrants">1.0</span> million. The aggregate <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zF4QWmtwvCD2" title="Owned shares">261,894</span> shares of Rafael&#8217;s Class B common stock were not available for sale,
assignment, or transfer. These restrictions lapsed in June 2021 for <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210630__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zkOeAXnaI3qa" title="Owned shares">218,245</span> shares and September 2021 for <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210930__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zXr1r9nDmJH5" title="Owned shares">43,649</span> shares.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
June 2016, upon the acquisition of Visa Europe Limited by Visa, Inc. (&#8220;Visa&#8221;), IDT Financial Services Limited received <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20160630__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zTMadPoDYbAa" title="Owned shares">1,830</span>
shares of Visa Series C Preferred among other consideration. At July 31, 2020, each share of Visa Series C Preferred was convertible
into <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion_iI_pid_c20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_z13IgI3Po6dc" title="Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Issued upon Conversion">13.722</span>
shares of Visa Class A common stock (the &#8220;Conversion Adjustment), subject to certain conditions, and will be convertible at
the holder&#8217;s option beginning in June 2028. On September 24, 2020, in connection with Visa&#8217;s first mandatory release
assessment, the Company received <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20200924__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zOsQXPVytyP2" title="Owned shares">125</span>
shares of Visa Series A Preferred and the Conversion Adjustment for Visa Series C Preferred was reduced to <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion_iI_pid_c20200924__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zUdc6vSuOaY9" title="Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Issued upon Conversion">6.861</span>.
In June 2021, the <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210630__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zm0wNrIKE909" title="Owned shares">125</span>
shares of Visa Series A Preferred were converted into <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210630__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zNnHMi6ZKGVc" title="Owned shares">12,500</span>
shares of Visa Class A common stock, which the Company sold for $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_pn5n6_c20210601__20210630__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zLris4VDfs6g" title="Proceeds from sale of common stock">2.9</span>
million. On July 28, 2022, in connection with Visa&#8217;s second mandatory release assessment, the Company received <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20220728__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zV97i5ZnJe6a" title="Owned shares">58</span> shares of Visa Series A
Preferred and the Conversion Adjustment for Visa Series C Preferred was reduced to <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion_iI_pid_c20220728__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zIC3dr72UUf8" title="Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Issued upon Conversion">3.645</span>. In August 2022, the <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20220831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zKqSxgl5V9D4" title="Owned shares">58</span> shares of Visa Series
A Preferred were converted into <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20220831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zJxoSxVC93L1" title="Owned shares">5,800</span> shares of Visa Class A common stock, which the Company sold for $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_pn5n6_c20220801__20220831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zQYFGaoCM0Dk" title="Proceeds from sale of common stock">1.3</span> million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_z5XFP6qFm9U7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#8217;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B0_zaWFxETXF1c4" style="display: none">Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 93%; margin-left: 0.5in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210801__20220731_zRl9rgp9uM34" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210731_zcL2WuApNus3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20190801__20200731_zHdm1fyEUEI5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zoV21TUriGLh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,743</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,109</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right">3,919</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_z7GcE7xePiI3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(1,230</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(1,870</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1948">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_zW3UmudPsVee" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(103</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">510</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">206</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zzZIy5dIPGD8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Upward adjustments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1954">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1955">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_pn3n3_zQAcMVrZExt7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Redemptions</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(9</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(6</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(19</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_z5gyHeKXMkkf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Impairments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1962">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1963">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1964">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zeK2l8wYqsbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,401</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,743</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">4,109</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AD_zqZt1RM3HIX7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company decreased the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held by $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zze7toxfZIaf" title="Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Downward Price Adjustment Annual Amount">0.1</span> million in fiscal 2022, and the Company
increased the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held by $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_pn5n6" title="Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Upward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount">0.5 </span>million and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zC2nPNzR2TQk" title="Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Upward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount">0.2</span> million in fiscal 2021 and fiscal
2020, respectively, based on the fair value of Visa Class A common stock and a discount for lack of current marketability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_z1P0lsnvja11" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value included the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B9_zVbC3wDGnP69" style="display: none">Schedule of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731_zvFPM03bDPke" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20200801__20210731_z56Cudb57R1l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20190801__20200731_zQP0eNfjmcKh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zzsbVuBI0DL7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left">Net (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(19,248</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">8,830</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(336</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_z3duSoGZJdcl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Less: net gains recognized during the period on equity investments redeemed during the period</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">10</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1,090</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1984">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_zkWQWyctafvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the
    reporting date</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(19,258</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">7,740</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(336</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
unrealized gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value in the table above included the following: </span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Year
    ended July 31 (in thousands)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731_zlNx6Q76IuQ6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2022</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20200801__20210731_zx5IYUzT3Ou7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2021</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20190801__20200731_zQQxGrXiupp4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2020</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized (losses) gains
    recognized during the period on equity investments:</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_zdE0e9reLlV7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 52%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rafael
    Class B common stock</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(14,101</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8,291</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(195</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_zAww9h7bMD7g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Zedge
    Class B common stock</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(533</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">591</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(9</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_zRTBXPZQ5Zd6" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the
    reporting date</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(19,258</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">7,740</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(336</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
</table>

<p id="xdx_8A2_zuz3jc72xBv6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>



<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
Method Investment</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 2, 2021, the Company paid $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn5n6_c20210130__20210202__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_zlv4Qlyf9Hfa" title="Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments">4.0</span> million to purchase shares of series B convertible preferred stock of a communications company
(the equity method investee, or &#8220;EMI&#8221;), and on August 10, 2021, the Company paid $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn5n6_c20210809__20210810__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_zclGRCLZUDP9" title="Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments">1.1</span> million to purchase shares of the EMI&#8217;s
series C convertible preferred stock and additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s series B convertible preferred stock. The initial shares
purchased represented <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210202__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_zv1J1JUJlqqk" title="Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage">23.95</span>% of the outstanding shares of the EMI on an as converted basis. The subsequent purchases increased the Company&#8217;s
ownership to <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210810__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_z4tdAxaw6FGg" title="Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage">26.57</span>% on an as converted basis.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for this investment using the equity method since the series B and series C convertible preferred stock are in-substance
common stock, and the Company can exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the EMI.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company determined that on the dates of the acquisitions, there were differences of $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_c20210202_pn5n6" title="Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity">3.4</span> million and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_iI_pn5n6_c20210810_zrOpj5JnM1L6" title="Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity">1.0</span> million between its investment
in the EMI and its proportional interest in the equity of the EMI, which represented the share of the EMI&#8217;s customer list on the
dates of the acquisitions attributed to the Company&#8217;s interest in the EMI. <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment_c20210801__20220731_zP15ed4cLG4c" title="Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity, Accounting Treatment">These basis differences are being amortized over the
6-year estimated life of the customer list</span>. In the accompanying consolidated statements of income, the amortization of equity method
basis difference is included in the equity in the net loss of investee, which is recorded in &#8220;Other (expense) income, net&#8221;
(see Note 18).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, the Company received three secured promissory notes from the EMI in exchange for loans of an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zJnQUC4Zazl3" title="Receivable with Imputed Interest, Face Amount">2.5</span> million.
The notes provide for interest on the principal amount at <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zIDnEVfmsM9k">15</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%
per annum payable monthly. The notes are due and payable in <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_ddxL_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zhaxvKHEDBYl" title="Receivable with imputed interest due dates::XDX::2023-02-01"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2019">February 2023</span></span>. At July 31, 2022</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">,
the notes were included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. In September 2022, the Company received a secured promissory note from the EMI in exchange for a loan of $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount_iI_pn5n6_c20220930__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHczXRA8CD6d">0.6</span> million. The note provides
for interest on the principal amount at <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20220901__20220930__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zjCUe1KkjMx9">15</span>% per annum payable monthly. The note is due and payable on <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_dd_c20220901__20220930__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_z8YgOlG1erj9">February 3, 2023</span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zKIzrxcdej08" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s equity method investment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B0_zFG4axK0aw3c" style="display: none">Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zvceED58lSpi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zkaBVRuw6W15" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 66%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 13%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,901</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 13%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2027">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zNIKlYoLW7l3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,051</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">4,000</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zDVYnnytNUq7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in the net loss of investee</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2,224</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(816</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_z1achCEZHRQ2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Amortization of equity method basis difference</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(727</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(283</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td>
    </tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,001</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,901</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td>
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<p id="xdx_8A0_zb4qARhzrdll" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_891_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock_zhxyh8lpS6P3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summarized
financial information of the EMI was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B3_za9e2RXSQXDe" style="display: none">Summary of Statements of Operations</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31<br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zzFPXHBszvBe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zqT3TJzyHit9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Current assets</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,911</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right">1,467</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AssetsNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncurrent assets</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,462</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,549</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_z5M37qCEwyG7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Current liabilities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(11,480</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(4,041</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_zcQUyQEQf2xa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncurrent liabilities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2052">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(50</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHox1t8trraa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Year ended</p>
                                                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31, 2022</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zNqeH0qljQwf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">From the date of acquisition to</p>
                                                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31, 2021</p></td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_z22annTXru8c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; font-weight: bold">REVENUES</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">7,889</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">1,898</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">COSTS AND EXPENSES:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_pn3n3_z8khbGMLEli9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Direct cost of revenues</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">9,451</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,937</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_pn3n3_zpo7hQlXOY13" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">5,834</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,388</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OperatingExpenses_pn3n3_zEMv9AzVJchg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL COSTS AND EXPENSES</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">15,285</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">5,325</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_zeuykGjePo31" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">LOSS FROM OPERATIONS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7,396</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(3,427</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_pn3n3_zrXq8kxxKdF6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(342</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">101</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7,738</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(3,326</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8AB_zyYYZ4UWTBOa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for cash, cash equivalents, investments in debt and equity instruments (including cost and equity investees and related income statement amounts), equity and cost method investments, investments in joint ventures and any other investment.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499619895376">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock', window );">Fair Value Measurements</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_zKHofDyE4P9" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
9&#8212;<span id="xdx_828_zcOMb3gUxgTc">Fair Value Measurements</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_znETJS3WcD59" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BA_zhhj1dn7gDo7" style="display: none">Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Level 1</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Level 2</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Level 3</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Total</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 44%; text-align: left">Debt securities</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities">13,734</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities">8,569</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2084">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities">22,303</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">17,091</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2090">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2092">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">17,091</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2096">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">1,230</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">1,132</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">2,362</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">30,825</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">9,799</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">1,132</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">41,756</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Acquisition consideration included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zkIKxYZ3S172" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2112">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zsmkAiTDCEgb" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2114">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zZepqoTgyvNi" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(2,578</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zQ5StvySrwhk" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(2,578</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Other noncurrent liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zaUpYucsM6i7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2120">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDguZbo1Puzj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2122">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z802yhiDGVu2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(5,968</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zK1gQqZfEBe1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(5,968</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2128">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2130">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(8,546</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(8,546</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Debt securities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities">1,652</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities">12,360</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2140">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities">14,012</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">2,465</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">2,465</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">14,569</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">2,465</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">58,911</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Acquisition consideration included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zPXGnttGEzn3" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2168">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_ziX6jrKCX52j" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2170">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z5U8t8kQdlFj" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(628</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z8d7AHNCl5m" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(628</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Other noncurrent liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z2luIEyP7EJ7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2176">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zHapvwtM4209" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2178">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zliPXMPjLpg1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(397</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zmh3fx8biARe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(397</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2186">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(1,025</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(1,025</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A9_zUdWeSjiv7ud" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had $<span id="xdx_908_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Investment in hedge funds">3.2</span> million and $<span id="xdx_909_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_c20210731_pn5n6" title="Investment in hedge funds">3.6</span> million, respectively, in investments in hedge funds, which were included
in noncurrent &#8220;Equity investments&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company&#8217;s investments in hedge
funds were accounted for using the equity method, therefore they were not measured at fair value.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zxh73vD1y5ca" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following tables summarize the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B8_z368TkvgEeh" style="display: none">Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20200801__20210731_zaVCQUZAx1Eg" style="text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20190801__20200731_zqthScGatH73" style="text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>Year ended July 31,</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right">3,825</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right">3,619</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zTUQF6T0fYq1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2202">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">354</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2204">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zIevgKuXwc73" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Exercise of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2206">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(380</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2208">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_z43Idcs3vBF8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,870</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2212">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<p id="xdx_8A4_zLk4JjvnDBBb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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following tables summarize the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B5_zSwHDuZgYZo2" style="display: none">Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span></span></p>

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  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>Year ended July 31,</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2230">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">628</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">375</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total (gain) loss included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInEarnings_pn3n3_zvNokzZn3Ygd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2238">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_pn3n3_zLXwZyqtJ3Fg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities at the end of the period</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2248">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2250">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8A7_zP77yZnvSizk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fair
Value of Other Financial Instruments</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
estimated fair value of the Company&#8217;s other financial instruments was determined using available market information or other appropriate
valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting these data to develop estimates of fair value. Consequently,
the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized or would be paid in a current market exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Cash
and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, other current assets, customer deposits, and other current liabilities.</i>
At July 31, 2022 and 2021, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated fair value because of the short period of
time to maturity. The fair value estimates for cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents were classified as Level
1 and other current assets, customer deposits, and other current liabilities were classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
assets and other liabilities.</i> At July 31, 2022 and 2021, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated fair value.
The fair values were estimated based on the Company&#8217;s assumptions, which were classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618535120">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Property, Plant, and Equipment<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Property, Plant, and Equipment</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_zw98JNJBXxu2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
10&#8212;<span id="xdx_828_zi43qDhSE1X3">Property, Plant, and Equipment</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_zHAhL9pDBTm6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property,
plant, and equipment consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BC_zrGy5XicRXd2" style="display: none">Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="width: 68%">Equipment</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zQRMReuKENJ7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Computer software</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LeaseholdImprovementsGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zgiYkRSZnfM1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Leasehold improvements</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,727</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zbhtvxDEpY2b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Furniture and fixtures</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">681</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">588</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAEGzQ2W_maPPAENzLFN_zRyfh7ppm9L2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property, plant and equipment, gross</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">199,624</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">194,332</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msPPAENzLFN_zIB7fGmcRZK3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Less accumulated depreciation and amortization</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(162,758</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(163,503</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAENzLFN_z7CiqFTqOYOd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">36,866</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">30,829</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8A1_zVYavlvSwsO5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company reduced its gross property, plant, and equipment and accumulated depreciation and amortization by $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_c20210801__20220731_pn5n6" title="Disposal of property, plant and equipment">17.4</span> million and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_c20200801__20210731_pn5n6" title="Disposal of property, plant and equipment">23.9</span> million
in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively, for property, plant, and equipment that was fully depreciated and no longer in service.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Depreciation
and amortization expense of property, plant, and equipment was $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--Depreciation_c20210801__20220731_pn5n6" title="Depreciation expense">16.8</span> million, $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zlWjps2mAP01" title="Depreciation expense">17.1</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_znaUZBTtUSJh" title="Depreciation expense">20.0</span> million in fiscal 2022, fiscal
2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_hus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zYORAUhdujO5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Telephone
equipment leased to customers included in &#8220;Equipment&#8221; in the table above was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zbgIlAF3stC" style="display: none">Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>July 31</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zmLU3qoPqzuf" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zSbFEKNA7kS3" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 68%">Equipment</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">9,844</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">7,438</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msPPAENzs0Y_zIcrUGVhCuuk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Less accumulated depreciation</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(3,129</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(2,071</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAENzs0Y_zFAfkr575qrb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">6,715</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">5,367</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A6_zCGDLLkCO7V7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Depreciation
expense of telephone equipment leased to customers was $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--Depreciation_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_pn5n6" title="Depreciation expense">1.4</span> million, $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zCP2VnJj2ZH" title="Depreciation expense">1.1</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zU19LXgH2Qmh" title="Depreciation expense">0.6</span> million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and
fiscal 2020, respectively.</span></p>
<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for long-lived, physical asset used in normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, work of art, historical treasure, and similar asset classified as collections.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618554880">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--GoodwillDisclosureTextBlock_z0Pnn2piwR32" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
11&#8212;<span id="xdx_82B_zuTJghOa2E33">Goodwill</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsAndGoodwillTableTextBlock_z5riMvELXD19" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
table below reconciles the change in the carrying amount of goodwill by operating segment for the period from July 31, 2019 to July 31,
2022:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B7_zxODuKmAc59e" style="display: none">Schedule of Change in Carrying Amount of Goodwill by Operating Segment</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 36%; font-weight: bold">Balance at July 31, 2019</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%">$</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2309">&#8212;</span></span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">11,209</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">11,209</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for goodwill.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499619726320">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Intangible Assets<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Other Intangible Assets</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zwAOBUGH3hmg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
12&#8212;<span id="xdx_827_zfqFqky6Idl1">Other Intangible Assets</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_zJrFkrGgC9S1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
table below presents information on the Company&#8217;s amortized intangible assets:</span></p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Customer relationships</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Net Balance">7,578</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8A0_zHGOe1GQ1qJ1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amortization
expense of intangible assets was $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_z4gr1x82RyF1" title="Amortization of Intangible Assets">1.3</span> million, $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zQdskkkEt5I5" title="Amortization of Intangible Assets">0.7</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zGmtPW5hyKie" title="Amortization of Intangible Assets">0.4</span> million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively.
The Company estimates that amortization expense of intangible assets with finite lives will be $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zduPstDthUQ7" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year One">1.5</span> million, $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zGU2Z0isBRf" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Two">1.4</span> million, $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zCyKFBhe7od6" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Three">1.2</span> million,
$<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zSPWN4xBTZyf" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Four">1.2</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zLptkOYpqFX2" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Five">1.2</span> million in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2024, fiscal 2025, fiscal 2026, and fiscal 2027, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499619724928">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Variable Interest Entity<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Variable Interest Entity</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock_zweUG4QOOAh3" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
13&#8212;<span id="xdx_824_zNc7nccWLPhk">Variable Interest Entity</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of May 31, 2021, the Company entered into a Warrant Purchase Agreement with the shareholders of an entity (the &#8220;VIE&#8221;)
that operates money transfer businesses. The purchase price of the warrant was cash of $<span id="xdx_902_ecustom--PaymentsToAcquireWarrant_pn5n6_c20210501__20210531__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VariableInterestEntityMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_zwy5DTWCebic" title="Payments to acquire warrant">0.8</span>
million and a contingent payment of $<span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent_pn5n6_c20210501__20210531__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VariableInterestEntityMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_zSAicwUj5Odg" title="Contingent consideration potential payment noncurrent">0.1</span>
million. The Company has various management rights and protective provisions pursuant to the Warrant Purchase Agreement. Primarily
as a result of the Warrant Purchase Agreement, the Company can obtain <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210501__20210531__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VariableInterestEntityMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_zhvyfPY91XZ" title="Variable interest entity, qualitative or quantitative information, ownership percentage">90%</span>
of the ownership interests in the VIE. The Company determined that, effective May 31, 2021, it had the power to direct the
activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and the Company has the obligation to absorb losses
of and the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to it. The Company therefore determined that
it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and as a result, the Company consolidates the VIE. The Company does not currently own any
interest in the VIE and thus the net income incurred by the VIE was attributed to noncontrolling interests in the accompanying
statements of income.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_890_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zHbciOCHtUTe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s net income and aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_zxwr120wSdYj" style="display: none">Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210801__20220731_zwe5OFXso1Q9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Year ended</p>
                                                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31, 2022</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210601__20210731_ztWvh1dsywJb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">For the period from May 31, 2021 to July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_pn3n3_zLGRYoyNUz57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Net income of the VIE</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">248</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right">54</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_pn3n3_zo7uk2SIrLvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(94</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">8</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AD_zRyib5Qetnk1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89B_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_z8EvVc5dgBKl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_zAQ2TkeN3jK4" style="display: none">VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31<br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20220731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_z8jINcAhfgS8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zYktI2N4ito9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">ASSETS</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,808</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">1,364</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Restricted cash</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,490</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,848</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">31</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">91</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">14</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">344</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other current assets</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,387</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">858</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Due from the Company</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">86</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2491">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">467</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">637</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other intangibles, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">889</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1,042</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL ASSETS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">9,172</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">8,184</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">LIABILITIES AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts payable</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2502">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">312</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">20</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">26</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">5,559</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">4,491</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Due to the Company</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2511">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">8</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(9</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(7</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncontrolling interests</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,602</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,354</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">9,172</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">8,184</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A0_z7UyfNnBpHRk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s assets may only be used to settle the VIE&#8217;s obligations and may not be used for other consolidated entities. The VIE&#8217;s
liabilities are non-recourse to the general credit of the Company&#8217;s other consolidated entities.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for a variable interest entity (VIE), including but not limited to, judgments and assumptions in determining whether to consolidate and in identifying the primary beneficiary, gain (loss) recognized on the initial consolidation of the VIE, terms of arrangements, amounts and classification of the VIE's assets and liabilities, and the entity's maximum exposure to loss.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2197479<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499612216432">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock', window );">Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_zNy8zXU0TGg9" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
14&#8212;<span id="xdx_82A_zefnd7lS8FGc">Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zzygHB7CQnNi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the other operating (expense) gain, net by business segment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_z6rvtUzKLJ72" style="display: none">Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7,671</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(2,876</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(3,658</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Corporate &#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">6,635</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,101</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,127</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">45</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2537">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">net2phone&#8212;write-off of contingent consideration liability</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">303</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2540">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2541">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(10</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(100</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(638</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Traditional Communications&#8212;gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2547">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,000</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2549">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Traditional Communications&#8212;net2phone indemnification claim</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(96</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(472</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,244</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary_maOOIENzHrI_zujLbnUYwXjc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Traditional Communications&#8212; accrual for non-income related taxes related to a foreign subsidiary</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2555">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2556">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(2,150</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsOther_iN_di_msOOIENzHrI_zugc6QNCz3W8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Traditional Communications&#8212;other</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(967</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(500</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_iT_pn3n3_mtOOIENzHrI_z1uYWFb7rl9k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(826</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">731</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(5,063</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8A4_zgp1CuoWltF6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Straight
Path Communications Inc. Class Action</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
discussed in Note 23, the Company (as well as other defendants) has been named in a pending putative class action on behalf of the stockholders
of the Company&#8217;s former subsidiary, Straight Path Communications Inc. (&#8220;Straight Path&#8221;), and a derivative complaint.
The Company incurred legal fees and recorded offsetting gains from insurance claims related to this action in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021,
and fiscal 2020.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Write-off
of Contingent Consideration</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
fiscal 2022, the Company determined that the requirements for a contingent consideration payment related to an acquisition consummated
in December 2019 would not be met before the expiration date for such contingency. The Company recognized a gain on the write-off of
the contingent consideration payment obligation.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Gain
from Sale of Rights under Class Action Lawsuit</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 21, 2020, the Company received $<span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties_pn5n6_c20201219__20201221__us-gaap--LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis__custom--PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_zufD3NpZ3Pq9" title="Proceed from sale to third parties">2.0</span> million from the sale to a third party of all its rights under the Payment Card Interchange
Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation related to claims that merchants paid excessive fees to accept Visa and Mastercard cards
between January 1, 2004 and January 25, 2019.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indemnification
Claim</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Beginning
in June 2019, as part of a commercial resolution, the Company indemnified a net2phone cable telephony customer related to patent infringement
claims brought against the customer.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accrual
for Non-Income Related Taxes</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2020, the Company recorded an accrual for non-income related taxes related to one of its foreign subsidiaries.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499612216432">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revolving Credit Facility and Note Payable<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Debt Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Revolving Credit Facility and Note Payable</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--DebtDisclosureTextBlock_zAKtobW7PrO7" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
15&#8212;<span id="xdx_82F_zcPz4beP268j">Revolving Credit Facility and Note Payable</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revolving
Credit Facility</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc. (&#8220;IDT Telecom&#8221;), entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021,
with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zndBY2m9aye" title="Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity">25.0</span> million. IDT Telecom may use the proceeds
to finance working capital requirements and for certain closing costs of the facility. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, there were <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20220731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_z2ZkKGtKo73b" title="Revolving credit amount outstanding"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20210731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_ztD4lzft76a5" title="Revolving credit amount outstanding">no</span></span> amounts
outstanding under this facility. In fiscal 2022, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zw5uMrqSa1tg" title="Repayments of lines of credit"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zTSbl3TYAeKl" title="Proceeds from lines of credit">2.6</span></span> million under the facility. <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zIty8e64Zn75" title="Line of Credit Facility, Description">The
revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#8217;s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum
at the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. LIBOR multiplied by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus
125 to 175 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. Interest is
payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2024. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly
unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zcum43xq7TX8" title="Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity">25.0</span> million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending
upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter.</span> IDT Telecom is required to comply with various
affirmative and negative covenants as well as maintain certain targets based on financial ratios during the term of the revolving credit
facility. As of July 31, 2022 and 2021, IDT Telecom was in compliance with all of the covenants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Telecom had a credit agreement dated as of October 31, 2019, with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal
amount of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20191031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--CreditAgreementMember_z59uVlOc3Gvl" title="Line of credit, maximum borrowing capacity">25.0</span> million until its maturity date on July 15, 2020. <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--CreditAgreementMember_zZxF1Pd7jr5g" title="Credit facility, description">The principal outstanding incurred interest per annum at the LIBOR
rate adjusted by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus 125 basis points.</span> IDT Telecom paid a quarterly unused commitment fee
of <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20191001__20191031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--CreditAgreementMember_z3654fVNskjh" title="Average percentage of commitment fee per annum">0.3%</span> per annum on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20191031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--CreditAgreementMember_zTOxSwgBW4Ik" title="Revolving credit, unused portion amount">25.0</span> million commitment.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
Payable</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 20, 2020, IDT Domestic Telecom, Inc. (&#8220;IDT DT&#8221;), a subsidiary of the Company, received loan proceeds of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromNotesPayable_pn5n6_c20200419__20200420__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zKzVexYH9NT3" title="Proceeds from Notes Payable">10.0</span> million
(the &#8220;PPP Loan&#8221;) from TD Bank, N.A., pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the &#8220;PPP&#8221;) under the Coronavirus
Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (&#8220;CARES Act&#8221;) administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. On April 29,
2020, IDT DT returned all $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfNotesPayable_pn5n6_c20200428__20200429__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zhUZypbLAVHg" title="Repayments of Notes Payable">10.0</span> million in proceeds from the PPP Loan.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499612217824">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accrued Expenses<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract', window );"><strong>Payables and Accruals [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Accrued Expenses</a></td>
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16&#8212;<span id="xdx_820_zHxufo3GSY03">Accrued Expenses</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_z4DCJLuDLsm8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accrued
expenses consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_z3EEe1NCqLYj" style="display: none">Schedule of Accrued Expenses</span>&#160;</span></p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220731_zqXaVQtsMSu" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210731_zI3dSf8nmtT9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Carrier minutes termination</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">28,869</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">35,738</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Regulatory fees and taxes</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">48,146</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">52,292</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_z4YlDtnFnzK1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Compensation costs</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">16,145</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15,465</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zNhwYytr8M8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,122</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<p id="xdx_8A2_z5Md8CvSiO2d" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for accounts payable and accrued liabilities at the end of the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a),20,24)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499619726320">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</a></td>
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17&#8212;<span id="xdx_820_zdiFMXh8KtK1">Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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redeem all or any portion of the NRS common shares that it purchased at the per share purchase price during a period of 182 days following
the fifth anniversary of this transaction. The redemption right shall terminate upon the consummation of (i) a sale of NRS or its assets
for cash or securities that are listed on a national securities exchange, (ii) a public offering of NRS&#8217; securities, or (iii) a
distribution of NRS&#8217; capital stock following which NRS&#8217; common shares are listed on a national securities exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock sold to Alta Fox have been classified as mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated
balance sheet because they may be redeemed at the option of Alta Fox, although the shares are not mandatorily redeemable. The carrying
amount of the shares includes the noncontrolling interest in the net income of NRS.</span></p>

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<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for noncontrolling interest in consolidated subsidiaries, which could include the name of the subsidiary, the ownership percentage held by the parent, the ownership percentage held by the noncontrolling owners, the amount of the noncontrolling interest, the location of this amount on the balance sheet (when not reported separately), an explanation of the increase or decrease in the amount of the noncontrolling interest, the noncontrolling interest share of the net Income or Loss of the subsidiary, the location of this amount on the income statement (when not reported separately), the nature of the noncontrolling interest such as background information and terms, the amount of the noncontrolling interest represented by preferred stock, a description of the preferred stock, and the dividend requirements of the preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2197479<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499619713792">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other (Expense) Income, Net<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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18&#8212;<span id="xdx_82B_zN08ykoSbFeb">Other (Expense) Income, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(824</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">7,916</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1,267</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8A1_zhfksKXYvZvj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621790256">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80B_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_zyxbE2r73Lzi" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
19&#8212;<span id="xdx_82B_zPFGjt1taeo6">Income Taxes</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock_z8zB7Ck5qj1k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
components of income before income taxes are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_zdAoPX8fLcV4" style="display: none">Components of Income Before Income Taxes</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
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<p id="xdx_8AC_zyQSwdlLqGLj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zmbN8SAop2dc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Significant
components of the Company&#8217;s deferred income tax assets consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BC_z8Or6m7DQzba" style="display: none">Significant Components of Deferred Income Taxes</span>&#160;</span></p>

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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%; text-align: left">Bad debt reserve</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">959</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_z1L1S3bBicRh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">730</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">778</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zY4suVY4v7z" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(640</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxDeferredIncome_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zUOM363rwYVg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Deferred revenue</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2698">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtDTAGzZ44_maDTALNzjVU_zfWc5bLOR2Hk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">48,289</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTALNzjVU_zWIRc5KYrOD1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(11,588</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtDTALNzjVU_zK6mhZKA2mb9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<p id="xdx_8A6_zNmpSg3HjXgj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock_zoUaZbH67kQh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
(provision for) benefit from income taxes consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zsCF2yDvxZAa" style="display: none">Schedule of (Provision for) Benefits from Income Taxes</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220731_zYtjYxq3Bqla" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zOiqM19ucVM6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">26,408</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zSzvt1lBF53g" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">State and local</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(57</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">6,639</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(4,434</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtDITEBzjME_maITEBz2xK_z34Xa0R0x9la" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">32,990</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtITEBz2xK_zSN44VCyyEJi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">31,667</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,700</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AC_z0rNcfBMzZsj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock_zQrUJu50K9ll" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
differences between income taxes expected at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and income taxes provided are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B7_zBO20eLMzRUh" style="display: none">Schedule of Differences Between Income Taxes Expected Federal Statutory Income Taxes</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left">U.S. federal income tax at statutory rate</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7,325</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(13,697</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(3,721</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zZf2BskLqLNi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Valuation allowance</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,147</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">47,862</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15,470</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zkDJDSbAlmPj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Foreign tax rate differential</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(190</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(3,702</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zgRPAJynzzbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Nondeductible expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,044</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(636</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(813</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zWs9AWLX5ru4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">299</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">88</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseRestructuringCharges_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zqRtwQ4Vo9qg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Foreign restructuring</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,510</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(3,266</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zxu1agJLGmxi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">State and local income tax, net of federal benefit</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(461</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(356</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtITEBzt8p_zijLyd46cka1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">(PROVISION FOR) BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(5,878</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AB_zs44XZJMHSJf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s cumulative undistributed foreign earnings are included in accumulated deficit in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance
sheets and consisted of approximately $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--UndistributedEarningsOfForeignSubsidiaries_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zLcnOp0VJcW8" title="Undistributed Earnings of Foreign Subsidiaries">297</span> million at July 31, 2022. The Company has concluded that the earnings remain permanently reinvested.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022, the Company had U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--OperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zKISLZp4faQh" title="Operating Loss Carryforwards">100</span>
million. These loss carryforwards are available to offset future U.S. federal taxable income. <span id="xdx_906_ecustom--OperatingLossExpirationDescription_c20210801__20220731_zaRD4S9sL78" title="Operating loss expiration description">U.S.
federal net operating loss carryforwards of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsSubjectToExpiration_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zzNHqOQxTjFd" title="Net operating loss carryforwards subject to expiration">97</span>
million expire in fiscal 2027 through fiscal 2038, and $<span id="xdx_903_ecustom--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNoExpiration_pn6n6_c20210801__20220731_zK8xFirdRsU9" title="Net operating loss carryforwards no expiration">3</span> million do not expire.</span> The Company has foreign net operating loss
carryforwards of approximately $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsForeign_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_z6AI7UMKVlM3" title="Foreign net operating loss carry forwards">75</span>
million, of which approximately $<span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zJvHOdza60Oa" title="Foreign net operating loss carry forwards no expiration">63</span>
million does not expire, approximately $<span id="xdx_900_ecustom--ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwoToTenYears_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_znrdlFuie2zk" title="Foreign net operating loss, expiration in two to ten years.">11</span>
million expires in two to ten years and approximately $<span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwentyYears_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zSr6xAdr5Sa1" title="Foreign net operating loss, expiration in twenty years">1</span>
million expires in twenty years. These foreign loss carryforwards are available to offset future taxable income in the countries in
which the losses were incurred. <span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--NetOperatingLossCarryForwardsYearOfExpiration_c20210801__20220731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__srt--SubsidiariesMember_z9BaNv3Hlxs8" title="Net operating losses expiration, description">The
Company&#8217;s subsidiary, net2phone, has additional U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn6n6_c20220731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__srt--SubsidiariesMember_z9312xX7tSfk" title="Operating Loss Carryforwards">14</span>
million, which will expire through fiscal 2027.</span> With the reacquisition of net2phone by the Company in March 2006, its losses
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--SummaryOfValuationAllowanceTextBlock_zmopDutDuWJf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zJ7nhLMCZC0b" style="display: none">Summary of Changes in Valuation Allowance</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from deferred income taxes, net:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Valuation allowance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_z1SMkkna8nPl" style="text-align: right" title="Balance at beginning of year">58,700</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_c20200801__20210731_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Additions charged to costs and expenses">835</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zmdBE6t1NXOa" style="text-align: right" title="Deductions">(47,995</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iE_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zmYF7KgMWdw" style="text-align: right" title="Balance at end of year">11,540</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from deferred income taxes, net:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Valuation allowance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zRdDxqVg5RG5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Balance at beginning of year">74,170</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_c20190801__20200731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Additions charged to costs and expenses"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2826">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zhnEsaV3U9Wc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Deductions">(15,470</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iE_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zqP9CNrQxONc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Balance at end of year">58,700</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AB_zH4g5ypzRYgk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2021, the Company released $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis__custom--ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_zyY4rH7h3kl8" title="Valuation Allowance, Deferred Tax Asset, Increase (Decrease), Amount">46.5</span> million of its valuation allowance on the portion of the deferred income tax assets that it is
more likely than not going to utilize. This release was mostly related to domestic deferred income tax assets. The Company used the framework
of ASC <i>Income Taxes (Topic 740)</i> to determine whether the valuation allowance should be maintained or reversed. The Company considered
the scheduled expiration of its net operating losses included in its deferred tax assets, projected future taxable income, and tax planning
strategies in its assessment of the valuation allowance. The primary factors that resulted in the valuation allowance release were the
three consecutive years of profitability in the United States and expected future profitability in both the United States and the United
Kingdom that will utilize a significant portion of the net operating losses. The Company&#8217;s tax planning strategies were not a significant
factor in the analysis.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2020, due to taxable income in the United States, the Company utilized deferred tax assets and released the corresponding valuation
allowance to offset income tax expense of $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis__custom--ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember_zI4ZJqFQXUl" title="SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction">3.5</span> million. In addition, in fiscal 2020, the Company released an additional $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis__custom--ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_zAlL7lm5rTM9" title="SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction">8.4</span> million
of the valuation allowance on the portion of the deferred tax assets that it is more likely than not going to utilize because the Company
forecasted future profitability in the United States.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not have any unrecognized income tax benefits. There were no changes in the balance of unrecognized
income tax benefits in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020. At July 31, 2022, the Company did not expect any changes in unrecognized
income tax benefits during the next twelve months. In fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company did not record any interest
and penalties on income taxes. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, there was no accrued interest included in current income taxes payable.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">In September 2017, the Company, IDT DT, and certain other affiliates
were certified by the New Jersey Economic Development Authority (&#8220;NJEDA&#8221;) as having met all of the requirements of the Grow
New Jersey Assistance Act Tax Credit Program. The program provides for credits against a corporation&#8217;s New Jersey corporate business
tax liability and that, tax credits may be sold subject to certain conditions.&#160;The tax credits are dependent on the corporation maintaining
a minimum number of employees in New Jersey.&#160;The Company has applied for several years of credits. To date, only the Company&#8217;s
report for its 2019 tax filing period has received an award recommendation from the NJEDA. The award recommendation was in the amount
of $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxCredits_pn5n6_c20170901__20170930_zHFg72dXAT38" title="Tax credit award recommendation amount">1.8</span> million and is subject to the NJEDA&#8217;s quality control and quality assurance review.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company currently remains subject to examinations of its tax returns as follows: U.S. federal tax returns for fiscal 2019 to fiscal 2022,
state and local tax returns generally for fiscal 2018 to fiscal 2022, and foreign tax returns generally for fiscal 2018 to fiscal 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618637168">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>EQUITY:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Equity</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_zXPR9uE2M6wi" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
20&#8212;<span id="xdx_82E_zQxptYInFpja">Equity</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Class
A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
rights of holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical except for certain voting and conversion rights and
restrictions on transferability. The holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock receive identical dividends per share when
and if declared by the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors. In addition, the holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock
have identical and equal priority rights per share in liquidation. The Class A common stock and Class B common stock do not have any
other contractual participation rights. The holders of Class A common stock are entitled to three votes per share and the holders of
Class B common stock are entitled to one-tenth of a vote per share. Each share of Class A common stock may be converted into one share
of Class B common stock, at any time, at the option of the holder. Shares of Class A common stock are subject to certain limitations
on transferability that do not apply to shares of Class B common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock
Repurchases</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has an existing stock repurchase program authorized by its Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of the
Company&#8217;s Class B common stock. The Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zmZ5VvjENv8d" title="Aggregate repurchased shares">8.0</span>
million shares in the aggregate. In fiscal 2022, the Company repurchased <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_pdd" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased">554,744</span>
shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_z31Mks6q08Sa" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased">13.4</span>
million. In fiscal 2021, the Company repurchased <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zw7MhRsV5Tdc" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased">463,792</span>
shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zZr7Q4MWUBw6" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased">2.8</span>
million. In fiscal 2020, the Company repurchased <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zmG7aYCrOts6" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased">671,117</span>
shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zYshX6LQQprj" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased">4.2</span>
million. At July 31, 2022, <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zG7EkoslMfe5" title="Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Number of Shares Authorized to be Repurchased">5.2</span>
million shares remained available for repurchase under the stock repurchase program.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company paid $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zWZBNL79bzzc" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased">9.0</span>
million, $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_z0nryxtqxoFd" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased">1.3</span>
million, and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_ztlc5Twga699" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased">0.3</span>
million, respectively, to repurchase <span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zxwV0BKkqeO5" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased">200,438</span>; <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zecAxV3wFF4l" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased">109,381</span>;
and <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zLlfyJ5y7Umh" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased">37,348</span>
shares, respectively, of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of the Company to satisfy the
employees&#8217; tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of deferred stock units (&#8220;DSUs&#8221;) and lapsing
of restrictions on restricted stock. Such shares are repurchased by the Company based on their fair market value on the trading day
immediately prior to the vesting date.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499624095952">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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21&#8212;<span id="xdx_82F_zYM7kimpci7i">Stock-Based Compensation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock-Based
Compensation Plan</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan is intended to provide incentives to officers, employees, directors, and consultants of the Company,
including stock options, stock appreciation rights, limited rights, DSUs, and restricted stock. On December 15, 2021, the Company&#8217;s
stockholders approved an amendment to the Company&#8217;s 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of the
Company&#8217;s Class B common stock available for the grant of awards thereunder by an additional <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized_c20211214__20211215__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zlmCPQmRO7F4" title="Additional number of shares authorized">175,000</span> shares. On December 12, 2019,
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the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock available for the grant of awards thereunder by an additional <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized_pn5n6_c20191210__20191212__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zWDrHyHrVX8i" title="Additional number of shares authorized">0.4</span> million shares. At July 31,
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and <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zJj6IjPJyeS6" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant">0.1</span> million shares were available for future grants.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock
Options</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Option
awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company&#8217;s stock on the date of grant. <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zCJOJ9oeu91a" title="Vesting description">Option
awards generally vest on a graded basis over three years of service and have ten-year contractual terms</span>. <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_do_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zz9GNkPlqWEb" title="Options granted"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_do_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zmvmEnxiFcJ4" title="Options granted">No</span></span> option awards were granted
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, or fiscal 2020. The fair value of stock options was estimated on the date of the grant using a Black-Scholes
valuation model. Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock and other factors.
The Company uses historical data on exercise of stock options, post vesting forfeitures and other factors to estimate the expected term
of the stock-based payments granted. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_zelKx2nQDiHh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of stock option activity for the Company is as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B4_zcIhD4ru5E77" style="display: none">Schedule of Stock Option Activity</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Number of<br/> Options<br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Exercise<br/> Price</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Remaining<br/> Contractual<br/> Term (in years)</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Aggregate<br/> Intrinsic Value<br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%">Outstanding at July 31, 2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z1zgLTxiuCa1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Outstanding, Beginning balance">1,035</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731_zk5VMTfO7po1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning balance">14.89</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zGTQtiec8zW9" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Granted"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2892">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20210801__20220731_zFvMdUjAXOG8" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Granted"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2894">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Exercised</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zrCuKjB8Y9r3" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Exercised">(1,010</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_ziaoGtlduVob" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercised">(14.92</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cancelled / Forfeited</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zETHKrhDd6Dd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Cancelled / Forfeited"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2900">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zQAd43EIyJS5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Cancelled / Forfeited"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2902">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">OUTSTANDING AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zD5ILnDgUldb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, outstanding, Ending balance">25</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_z7pdCntjOsJ3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending balance">13.72</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20210801__20220731_zelmpy6IEPV" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Outstanding">2.1</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zKcpsm5wGsEj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding">308</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">EXERCISABLE AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z2zhmAaAPYxj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Exercisable">25</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_zO5jsJPhftR4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercisable">13.72</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_dtY_c20210801__20220731_zmhiwpy8IuA7" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Exercisable">2.1</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zykax7Ng9o1i" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable">308</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A1_zLly5vDspFtl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company received cash from the exercise of stock options of $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zmLXi30Wi2Ng" title="Proceeds from Stock Options Exercised">0.1</span> million, $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zsiNMeB8wat8" title="Proceeds from Stock Options Exercised">0.7</span> million,
and $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zJlnfENH7I06" title="Proceeds from Stock Options Exercised">0.3</span> million, respectively, for which the Company issued <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_z1Ty9hHPeY5l" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period">1,010,000</span>; <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zRhSs6yYx3Ma" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period">81,041</span>; and <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zYi29W0kqigc" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period">32,551</span> shares, respectively, of its Class B common
stock. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zWYoPyWeUKb" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value">19.7</span> million, $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zUlOBQnGOxP4" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value">0.2</span> million,
and $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_z0NVVbhlTv1b" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value">16,000</span>, respectively. At July 31, 2022, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
stock options exercised in fiscal 2022 included the exercise in April 2022 by Howard S. Jonas of stock options for <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pn6n6_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zUZ8eKF4vOuh" title="Options to purchase shares of common stock">1.0</span>
million shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock that were granted on <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate_dd_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zIC8MmFl4Va2" title="Options grant date">May
2, 2017</span>. The exercise price of these options was $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_c20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zi1ULncFSXo3" title="Exercise price of options">14.93</span>
per share and the expiration date was <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate_dd_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_z9CN3qTEn41g" title="Option expiration date">May
1, 2022</span>. Mr. Jonas used <span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_pip0_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zdC6M42HXo9g" title="Number of shares used as options">528,635</span>
shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock with a value of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_z4einACPg2sl" title="Aggregate exercise price of options">14.9</span>
million to pay the aggregate exercise price of the options. In addition, Mr. Jonas tendered <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_pip0_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zrQo4HuO5b24" title="Stock option exercised, shares">137,364</span>
shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock with a value of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zB0wU8zxiM64" title="Stock option exercised, value">3.9</span>
million to satisfy a portion of his tax obligations in connection with his stock option exercises.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restricted
Stock</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
fair value of restricted shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock is determined based on the closing price of the Company&#8217;s
Class B common stock on the grant date. <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zTqWdHXB19ud" title="Vesting description">Share awards generally vest on a graded basis over three years of service.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zdy1bW7A79u9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of the status of the Company&#8217;s grants of restricted shares of Class B common stock is presented below:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BD_zUcwXyHN7G6k" style="display: none">Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Number of Non-vested Shares<br/>
(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Non-vested restricted shares at July 31, 2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zartXHNj28yl" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Beginning Balance">195</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zdFzrguAu2rb" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Beginning balance">4.49</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zsUDcyVeL6fd" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Granted">6</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zv6xrvsoO3th" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Granted">39.65</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Vested</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zxwkSPctm5Rd" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Vested">(198</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zGK67iwsEeW9" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Vested">(5.19</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Forfeited</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z6Xx88Bd8DPf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Forfeited"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2970">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zKGW4vZOLRvi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Forfeited"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2972">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">NON-VESTED RESTRICTED SHARES AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z1ygXY8neA22" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Ending Balance">3</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zQz8zYYjHXua" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Ending balance">31.80</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AF_zh6CQ3ttFdOa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022, there was $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zXiBzFZppBqk" title="Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Excluding Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount">0.1</span> million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock-based compensation arrangements,
which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zQeZM4jt8yFf" title="Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition">1.4</span> years. The total grant date fair value of shares vested in fiscal
2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zhLiMq6tQmLa" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value">1.0</span> million, $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zDqEsim7OxR3" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value">0.2</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zZsCdJHPXTva" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value">0.3</span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred
Stock Units Equity Incentive Program</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company had an equity incentive program in the form of DSUs that, upon vesting, entitled the grantees to receive shares of the Company&#8217;s
Class B common stock. Subject to continued full time employment or other service to the Company, <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zw8uxVoVlF4d" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Description">the DSUs were eligible for vesting in
three equal amounts on each of January 6, 2020, January 5, 2021, and January 5, 2022. The number of shares issuable on each vesting date
varied between 50% to 200% of the number of DSUs that vested on that vesting date, depending on the market price for the underlying Class
B common stock on the vesting date relative to the market price at the time of the grant.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 5, 2022, January 5, 2021, and January 6, 2020, in accordance with the program and based on elections made by certain grantees,
the Company issued <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20220104__20220105__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_z0ZfJXI1mP71" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period">301,296</span>; <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20210104__20210105__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zvZ0mz65yfU3" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period">283,838</span>; and <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20200102__20200106__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zSyMHQYPXh15" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period">100,284</span> shares, respectively, of its Class B common stock in respect of vested DSUs.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">Effective as of September 21, 2020,
the Company also granted <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_z3qwsI45O4o4" title="Number of deferred stock units granted">4,000</span>
DSUs that, upon vesting, entitled the grantee to receive shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock. In September 2022 and
September 2021, the Company issued <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20220901__20220930__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zq1t9goiR6R7">1,333</span>
and <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20210901__20210930__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zeqcCbg37Ne2">1,334</span> shares, respectively, of its Class B common stock in respect of vested DSUs. The remaining <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zx8i4xaIArN">1,333</span> DSUs are eligible
for vesting on <span id="xdx_906_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod_pid_dd_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zTtHhi19H2u2">September 22, 2023</span>.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_zWq8NEhUIhk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of the status of the Company&#8217;s grants of DSUs is presented below:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B3_zF0o74p7hw4l" style="display: none">Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Number of Non-vested</p>
                                                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">DSUs<br/>
(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Weighted-Average</p>
                                                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Grant- Date</p>
                                                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Fair Value</p></td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Non-vested shares at July 31, 2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zbIVCmDb6lfd" style="width: 14%; text-align: right">154</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731_zuLc5pVcTsKk" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Beginning balance">10.39</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zsjwXzYmiet3" style="text-align: right">4</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pid_c20210801__20220731_zh0jRmKxBMn7" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Granted">6.96</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Vested</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zc8j99G9aa9d" style="text-align: right">(152</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zEKyIWwX29Hd" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Vested">(10.34</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Forfeited</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zDFOFMdH03Q8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(3</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zONLrno3xJk3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Forfeited">(11.19</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">NON-VESTED SHARES AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zMRBV8cHh6i4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_zChbtwi0LTxi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Ending balance">6.96</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A7_zMclMTL6Fb1e" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At July 31, 2022, there was $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions_iI_c20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zGMFo9y1wq2a" title="Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Excluding Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount">11,000</span> of total unrecognized compensation
cost related to non-vested DSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of <span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zBz6pYRnlld5" title="Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition">0.7</span> years. The
total grant date fair value of DSUs vested in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zsDQIh5v5NG7" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value">1.6</span> million, $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zyla5K84UV85" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value">1.5</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zCeK10bmIJmb" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value">1.1</span> million,
respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
Restricted Stock Grants</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
February 2022, restricted shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock representing <span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_pid_dp_uPure_c20220201__20220228__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--NRSCommonClassBMember_zbyBFBLiT7Qg" title="Outstanding capital stock, percent">0.4</span>% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis were granted to certain employees of the Company for services provided. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense and
an increase in &#8220;Additional paid-in capital&#8221; of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_pn5n6_c20220201__20220228__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--NRSCommonClassBMember_zXQyzVijh1B1" title="Stock based compensation">1.2</span> million for these grants, based on the estimated fair value on the grant
date.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Effective
as of June 30, 2022, restricted shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock representing <span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_pid_dp_uPure_c20220601__20220630__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--NRSCommonClassBMember_zxZx4G59QlW1" title="Outstanding capital stock, percent">1.2</span>% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully
diluted basis were granted to certain NRS employees. The restrictions on the shares will lapse in three installments on each of June
1, 2024, 2026, and 2027. The Company estimated that the fair value of the restricted shares on the grant date was $<span id="xdx_908_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220630__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zuBpdh0AZB48" title="Aggregate estimated fair value on grant date recognized over the vesting period">3.3</span> million, which
will be recognized over the vesting period.&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Grant
of Restricted Equity in net2phone 2.0, Inc.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 31, 2020, a compensatory arrangement with each of Howard S. Jonas and Shmuel Jonas, the Company&#8217;s Chief Executive Officer,
was finalized. Howard S. Jonas and Shmuel Jonas each received <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_dc_c20201230__20201231__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwoPhoneIncMember_z9ghJt5FqFQd" title="Number of restricted shares issued">fifty</span> restricted shares of net2phone 2.0&#8217;s Class B common stock,
which represented an aggregate of <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_pid_dp_uPure_c20201230__20201231__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwoPhoneIncMember_zV8O9BmfP3v" title="Common stock outstanding, percentage">10</span>% of net2phone 2.0&#8217;s issued and outstanding common stock at July 31, 2022. <span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwoPhoneIncMember_zzg2IaOgbyog" title="Grant of restricted equity description">The restricted shares
will vest if: (a) for any fiscal quarter of net2phone 2.0 between November 1, 2020 and October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0 records subscription
revenue that is at least $18 million, and (b) as of October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0&#8217;s valuation is $100 million or more. The restricted
shares will also vest in the event, prior to October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0 or its assets are sold at an equity valuation and on a cash-free
basis of $100 million or more, regardless of whether the revenue threshold was satisfied prior thereto. The restricted shares entitle
each grantee to proceeds only on a sale, spin-off, initial public offering, or other monetization of net2phone 2.0 and have protection
from dilution for the first $15 million invested in net2phone 2.0 following the grant</span>. It is probable that these restricted shares will
vest by October 31, 2023. The aggregate estimated fair value on the grant date was $<span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20201231__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwoPhoneIncMember_ziyIgMgNV8A" title="Aggregate estimated fair value on grant date recognized over the vesting period">0.2</span> million based on a Monte Carlo simulation of
a range of possible future revenue amounts on risk-neutral basis, to which a net revenue multiple was applied to determine the future
enterprise value. The aggregate estimated fair value is being recognized over the vesting period.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<span></span>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499722694032">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>EQUITY:</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock', window );">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_zOhf3jQZ8ock" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
22&#8212;<span id="xdx_821_zWET6DxvFYre">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_zHkavwp5XF16" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BA_zRxPyfNfrix2" style="display: none">Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Loss</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Unrealized<br/> gain (loss) on<br/> available-for-<br/> sale securities</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Foreign<br/> currency<br/> translation</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Accumulated<br/> other<br/> comprehensive<br/> loss</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%; font-weight: bold">Balance at July 31, 2019</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zhRtgxQmyUJh" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl3049">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zCZ48LaXUeGf" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax">(4,858</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zRthpdpVrI9j" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax">(4,858</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zoeKml9swjl6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax">42</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zFbxJc0sjpA5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax">(2,594</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zcxfkWoO0Zx8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax">(2,552</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Balance at July 31, 2020</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zEeWib8nnUR5" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">42</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zdrBsToiE1Ff" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">(7,452</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zp53MCQlGA69" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">(7,410</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zc4RVeOTeTRe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation">(51</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_z6zVlJ2Jbsmi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation">(2,722</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation">(585</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zX8uTkvPCzy9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">(10,759</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zWxRwyhiDCkf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">(11,305</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618525248">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Commitments and Contingencies</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_z37J8b0rzYBh" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
23&#8212;<span id="xdx_82C_z83byRQ3BeF">Commitments and Contingencies</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Coronavirus
Disease (COVID-19)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company continues to monitor and respond to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of its business, including its customers,
employees, suppliers, vendors, and business partners.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operationally,
the Company&#8217;s employees transitioned to work-from-home during the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and, to a large degree, continue
to work-from-home. Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, certain of the Company&#8217;s employees returned to work in the Company&#8217;s
offices on a hybrid basis. The Company&#8217;s salespeople, customer service employees, technicians, and delivery employees continue
to serve its independent retailers, channel partners, and customers with minimal interruption.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">COVID-19
had mixed financial impacts on the Company beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and continuing through the fourth quarter of
fiscal 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal
Proceedings</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 22, 2019, Jose Rosales filed a putative class action against IDT America, IDT Domestic Telecom and IDT International in California
state court alleging certain violations of employment law. Plaintiff alleges that these companies failed to compensate members of the
putative class in accordance with California law. In August 2019, the Company filed a cross complaint against Rosales alleging trade
secret and other violations. On February 2, 2022, the court approved a settlement agreement between the parties. The settlement did not
have a material effect on the Company&#8217;s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 24, 2018, Sprint Communications Company L.P. filed a patent infringement claim against the Company and certain of its affiliates
in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,298,064; 6,330,224; 6,343,084; 6,452,932;
6,463,052; 6,473,429; 6,563,918; 6,633,561; 6,697,340; 6,999,463; 7,286,561; 7,324,534; 7,327,728; 7,505,454; and 7,693,131. Plaintiff
was seeking damages and injunctive relief. On June 28, 2018, Sprint dismissed the complaint without prejudice. The Company is evaluating
the underlying claim, and at this stage, is unable to estimate its potential liability, if any. The Company intends to vigorously defend
any claim of infringement of the listed patents.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 5, 2017, plaintiff JDS1, LLC, on behalf of itself and all other similarly situated stockholders of Straight Path, and
derivatively on behalf of Straight Path as nominal defendant, filed a putative class action and derivative complaint in the Court of
Chancery of the State of Delaware against the Company, The Patrick Henry Trust (a trust formed by Howard S. Jonas that held record
and beneficial ownership of certain shares of Straight Path he formerly held), Howard S. Jonas, and each of Straight Path&#8217;s
directors. The complaint alleges that the Company aided and abetted Straight Path Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Davidi Jonas, and Howard S. Jonas in his capacity as controlling stockholder of Straight Path, in breaching their fiduciary duties
to Straight Path in connection with the settlement of claims between Straight Path and the Company related to potential
indemnification claims concerning Straight Path&#8217;s obligations under the Consent Decree it entered into with the Federal
Communications Commission (&#8220;FCC&#8221;), as well as the sale of Straight Path&#8217;s subsidiary Straight Path IP Group, Inc.
to the Company in connection with that settlement. That action was consolidated with a similar action that was initiated by The
Arbitrage Fund. The Plaintiffs are seeking, among other things, (i) a declaration that the action may be maintained as a class
action or in the alternative, that demand on the Straight Path Board is excused; (ii) that the term sheet is invalid; (iii) awarding
damages for the unfair price stockholders received in the merger between Straight Path and Verizon Communications Inc. for their
shares of Straight Path&#8217;s Class B common stock; and (iv) ordering Howard S. Jonas, Davidi Jonas, and the Company to disgorge
any profits for the benefit of the class Plaintiffs. On August 28, 2017, the Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. On September 24,
2017, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint, which was ultimately denied, and which denial was affirmed by the
Delaware Supreme Court. On February 17, 2022, the court denied the Company&#8217;s motion for summary judgment. On March 10, 2022,
JDS1, LLC withdrew its application to serve as class representative and lead plaintiff. On May 16, 2022, the court denied The
Arbitrage Fund&#8217;s motion to serve as class representative and lead plaintiff, and approved intervenor Ardell Howard&#8217;s
motion to serve as class representative. The trial commenced on August 29, 2022 for a period of five days. The trial is currently
scheduled to continue and conclude in December 2022. The Company is vigorously defending this matter (see Note 14). At this stage,
the Company is unable to estimate its potential liability, if any.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the foregoing, the Company is subject to other legal proceedings that have arisen in the ordinary course of business and
have not been finally adjudicated. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, the Company believes that none of the other legal
proceedings to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on the Company&#8217;s results of operations, cash flows,
or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sales
Tax Contingency</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. The Company has evaluated its state tax filings with respect to the Wayfair
decision and is in the process of reviewing its remittance practices. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that the
Company has liability for periods for which it has not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions
were successful it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial position, and operating results. One
or more jurisdictions may change their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to the Company&#8217;s operations,
and if such changes were made it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial position, and operating
results.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Regulatory
Fees Audit</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s 2017 FCC Form 499-A, which reports its calendar year 2016 revenue, is currently under audit by the Universal Service
Administrative Company (&#8220;USAC&#8221;). The Internal Audit Division of USAC issued preliminary audit findings and the Company has,
in accordance with audit procedures, appealed certain of the findings. The Company awaits a final decision by USAC on the preliminary
audit findings. Depending on the findings contained in the final decision, the Company may further appeal to the FCC. Although a final
decision remains pending, the Company has been invoiced $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_c20220731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_pn5n6" title="Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss">2.9</span> million and $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_c20220731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--UniversalServiceFundMember_pn5n6" title="Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss">1.8</span> million on behalf of the Federal Telecommunications Relay
Services Fund and on behalf of the Universal Service Fund, respectively. The Company does not intend to remit payment for these fees
unless and until a negative decision on its appeal has been issued. In response to the aforementioned preliminary audit findings, the
Company made certain changes to its filing policies and procedures for years that remain potentially under audit. At July 31, 2022 and
2021, the Company&#8217;s accrued expenses included $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Accrued liabilities">33.2</span> million and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_c20210731_pn5n6" title="Accrued liabilities">38.3</span> million, respectively, for FCC-related regulatory fees for
the year covered by the audit, as well as prior and subsequent years.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchase
Commitments</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2022, the Company had purchase commitments of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PurchaseObligation_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Purchase obligation">4.7</span> million primarily for equipment and services.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Performance
Bonds</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has performance bonds issued through third parties for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states&#8217;
financial requirements for money remittance licenses and telecommunications resellers. At July 31, 2022, the Company had aggregate performance
bonds of $<span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--PerformanceBondsOutstanding_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Performance bonds outstanding">22.0</span> million outstanding.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">FCC
Investigation of Straight Path Spectrum LLC</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">On September 20, 2016, the Company received a letter of inquiry from the
Enforcement Bureau of the FCC requesting certain information and materials related to an investigation of potential violations by Straight
Path Spectrum LLC (formerly a subsidiary of the Company and Straight Path) in connection with licenses to operate on the 28 GHz and 39
GHz bands of the Fixed Microwave Services. The Company cooperated with the FCC in this matter. On August 24, 2022, the Enforcement Bureau
of the FCC&#8217;s Spectrum Enforcement Division informed the Company that the Bureau had completed its review of the record regarding
the renewal of spectrum licenses included in the Company&#8217;s spin-off of Straight Path and, at this time, does not plan to take further
action in the matter.</p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621790256">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Party Transactions<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Party Transactions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Related Party Transactions</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock_zGEu4dkROo8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
24&#8212;<span id="xdx_82A_zWUB2W2BXfOe">Related Party Transactions</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rafael
Holdings, Inc.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the spin-off of Rafael in March 2018, the Company and Rafael entered into a Transition Services Agreement pursuant to
which certain administrative and other services are provided by the Company and Rafael. The Company charged Rafael $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party">0.3</span> million, $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party">0.3</span>
million, and $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party">0.4</span> million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively, for services provided, net of the amounts charged
by Rafael to the Company. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, other current assets reported in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets
included net receivable from Rafael of $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current">0.1</span> million and $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_c20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current">0.2</span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
Note 4 for the Company&#8217;s lease arrangements with Rafael.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Genie
Energy Ltd.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company entered into a Transition Services Agreement with Genie Energy Ltd. (&#8220;Genie&#8221;) prior to the spin-off of Genie in October
2011, which provides for certain services to be performed by the Company and Genie. The Company charged Genie $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party">1.3</span> million, $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party">1.3</span> million,
and $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party">1.1</span> million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively, for services provided and other items, net of the amounts
charged by Genie to the Company. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, other current assets reported in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance
sheets included receivables from Genie of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current">0.4</span> million and $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_c20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current">0.2</span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
Related Party Transactions</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company provides office space, certain connectivity and other services to Jonas Media Group, a publishing firm owned by Howard S. Jonas.
Billings for such services were $<span id="xdx_909_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zCzPUvxpwcf1" title="Receivable from subsidiaries included in services">2,000</span>; $<span id="xdx_905_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_z8IBKEIN9hS9" title="Receivable from subsidiaries included in services">9,000</span>; and $<span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zO3d9K3EwYtl" title="Receivable from subsidiaries included in services">15,000</span> in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively. The balance owed
to the Company by Jonas Media Group was $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zm4NXBCrioj1" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current">2,000</span> and $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_c20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zBXm6tXAyg31" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current">26,000</span> as of July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In September 2020, the Company
reduced its fiscal 2021 billings by $<span id="xdx_900_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices_iI_c20200930__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zDG1SgBQUAKl" title="Receivable from subsidiaries included in adjusted amount">7,000</span>. The adjusted amount owed to the Company by Jonas Media Group was $<span id="xdx_904_ecustom--AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zVz0Byyj6hh5" title="Adjusted due from other related parties current">19,000</span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mason
and Company Consulting, LLC (&#8220;Mason and Co.&#8221;), a company owned solely by Jonathan Mason, receives annual commissions and
fees for the insurance brokerage referral and placement of certain of the Company&#8217;s insurance policies. Jonathan Mason is the husband
of Joyce J. Mason, the Company&#8217;s General Counsel, and brother-in-law of Howard S. Jonas. Based on information the Company received
from Jonathan Mason, the Company believes that Mason and Co. received commissions and fees from payments made by the Company in the aggregate
amount of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_znl0SIkijEGi" title="Commissions and fees from payment by company">76,000</span> in fiscal 2022, $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_zPcXOF35lBLh" title="Commissions and fees from payment by company">63,000</span> in fiscal 2021, and $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_zuZ9KzK0iG8h" title="Commissions and fees from payment by company">63,000</span> in fiscal 2020. Neither Howard S. Jonas nor Joyce Mason has any
ownership or other interest in Mason and Co., or the commissions paid to Mason and Co., other than via the familial relationships with
Jonathan Mason.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
DT leases space in a building in the Bronx, New York. The building is owned by a limited liability company that is jointly owned by Howard
S. Jonas and Shmuel Jonas. The lease, which became effective November 1, 2012, had a one-year term with a one-year renewal option. Since
the expiration of this lease and until May 31, 2020, the parties continued IDT DT&#8217;s occupancy of the space on the same terms. Aggregate
annual rent under the lease was $<span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty_c20190801__20200531_zyth2e8LV1yg" title="Annual rent payment">60,900</span>. On June 1, 2020, IDT DT released the space and moved into smaller space at an annual rent of
$<span id="xdx_907_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty_c20200529__20200601_zAkuRRSa6d17" title="Annual rent payment">18,600</span>.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company had loans receivable outstanding from employees aggregating $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--DueFromEmployeesCurrent_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Outstanding net loan receivable from employees">0.5</span> million and $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--DueFromEmployeesCurrent_c20210731_pn5n6" title="Outstanding net loan receivable from employees">0.2</span> million at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively,
which are included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122745<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39691-107864<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621790256">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Defined Contribution Plans<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Retirement Benefits [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CompensationAndEmployeeBenefitPlansOtherThanShareBasedCompensationTextBlock', window );">Defined Contribution Plans</a></td>
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25&#8212;<span id="xdx_825_zhsrUjq9JJ7b">Defined Contribution Plans</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company maintains a 401(k) Plan available to all employees meeting certain eligibility criteria. The plan permits participants to contribute
up to the maximum amount allowed by law. The plan provides for discretionary matching contributions that vest over the <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionVestingPeriod_c20210801__20220731" title="Employment period contributions, description">first five years</span>
of employment. The plan permits the discretionary matching contributions to be granted as of December 31 of each year. All contributions
made by participants vest immediately into the participant&#8217;s account. On May 27, 2021, the Company contributed <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20210526__20210527__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_znrh42Wv4ZJg" title="Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues">35,839</span> newly issued
shares of its Class B common stock to the Company&#8217;s 401(k) Plan for $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_pn5n6_c20210526__20210527__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zNTNy6Duyy0e" title="Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues">1.0</span> million of matching contributions. In fiscal 2022, fiscal
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The Company&#8217;s Class A common stock and Class B common stock are not investment options for the plan&#8217;s participants.</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure of an entity's employee compensation and benefit plans, excluding share-based compensation and including, but not limited to, postemployment and postretirement benefit plans, defined benefit pension plans, defined contribution plans, non-qualified and supplemental benefit plans, deferred compensation, life insurance, severance, health care, unemployment and other benefit plans.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621886448">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock', window );">Description of Business</a></td>
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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
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traditional communications services. The Company has three reportable business segments, Fintech, net2phone (formerly net2phone-Unified Communications
as a Service (&#8220;UCaaS&#8221;)), and Traditional Communications.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock', window );">Basis of Consolidation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_zMo5jfg3Rvxl" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86A_zgjN6SbIuNOa">Basis
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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
method of accounting applied to long-term investments, whether consolidated, equity or cost, involves an evaluation of the significant
terms of each investment that explicitly grant or suggest evidence of control or influence over the operations of the investee and includes
the identification of any variable interests in which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The consolidated financial statements include
the Company&#8217;s controlled subsidiaries and the variable interest entity in which the Company is the primary beneficiary (see Note
13). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions between the consolidated entities are eliminated.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentPolicyTextBlock', window );">Accounting for Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--InvestmentPolicyTextBlock_zK2SFnqCkTZ8" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_869_zyYvXHJkxWmd">Accounting
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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investments
in businesses that the Company does not control, but in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over operating
and financial matters, are accounted for using the equity method. Investments in which the Company does not have the ability to exercise
significant influence over operating and financial matters are accounted for using the cost method. Investments in hedge funds are accounted
for using the equity method unless the Company&#8217;s interest is so minor that it has virtually no influence over operating and financial
policies, in which case these investments are accounted for using the cost method. The Company periodically evaluates its equity and
cost method investments for impairment due to declines considered to be other than temporary. If the Company determines that a decline
in fair value is other than temporary, then a charge to earnings is recorded in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221; in the accompanying
consolidated statements of income, and a new basis in the investment is established.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates', window );">Use of Estimates</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_zeeQVaNwCYu9" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_869_zDw2x2HaZBse">Use
of Estimates</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#8220;U.S.
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notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock', window );">Revenue Recognition</a></td>
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Recognition</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for its revenues under Accounting Standards Update (&#8220;ASU&#8221;) No. 2014-09, <i>Revenue from Contracts with Customers
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the guidance defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle. The five-step process is as follows: (i) identify the contract(s)
with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract(s), (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the
transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract(s), and (v) recognize revenue when, or as, the entity satisfies a performance
obligation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Direct
cost of revenues consists primarily of termination and origination costs, toll-free costs, and network costs&#8212;including customer/carrier
interconnect charges and fiber circuit charges. These costs include an estimate of charges for which invoices have not yet been received,
and estimated amounts for pending disputes with other carriers. Direct cost of revenues also includes the cost of airtime top-up minutes.
Direct cost of revenues excludes depreciation and amortization expense.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Cash and Cash Equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock_zYL3f1TxT6Eh" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash
and Cash Equivalents</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesPolicy', window );">Debt Securities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_840_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesPolicy_zyJiKUI59qtk" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_868_zzXYxoOmdK7j">Debt
Securities</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s investments in debt securities are classified as &#8220;available-for-sale.&#8221; Available-for-sale debt securities
are required to be carried at their fair value, with unrealized gains and losses (net of income taxes) that are considered temporary
in nature recorded in &#8220;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company
uses the specific identification method in computing the gross realized gains and gross realized losses on the sales of debt securities.
The Company periodically evaluates its investments in debt securities for impairment due to declines in market value considered to be
other than temporary. Such impairment evaluations include, in addition to persistent, declining market prices, general economic and Company-specific
evaluations. If the Company determines that a decline in market value is other than temporary, then a charge to operations is recorded
in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated statements of income and a new cost basis in the investment
is established.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Equity Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_849_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsPolicyTextBlock_zFtcyZrG76sk" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86B_zN13L5u3qBYb">Equity
Investments</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investments
in equity securities (except those accounted for under the equity method or that result in consolidation) are measured at fair value,
with changes in fair value recognized in net income. For investments in equity securities without a readily determinable fair value,
the Company elects the measurement alternative and measures these investments at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting
from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer. At each reporting date,
the Company reassesses whether the investment still qualifies for this measurement alternative. Further, at each reporting date, the
Company performs a qualitative assessment to evaluate whether the investment is impaired. If the qualitative assessment indicates that
the investment is impaired and the fair value of the investment is less than its carrying value, the carrying amount of the investment
will be reduced and the resulting loss recognized in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated statements
of income in the period the impairment is identified.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisbursementPrefundingPolicyTextBlock', window );">Disbursement Prefunding</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--DisbursementPrefundingPolicyTextBlock_zn7M521386mc" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_869_zG6e01AG9Kui">Disbursement
Prefunding</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company maintains relationships with disbursement partners in various countries for its money transfer and Mobile Top-Up services. The
Company maintains prefunding balances with these disbursement partners, so they can satisfy the Company&#8217;s customer liabilities.
The Company does not earn interest on these balances. The balances are not compensating balances and are not legally restricted.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock', window );">Property, Plant, and Equipment and Intangible Assets</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_84A_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock_z9GRVF7qKp81" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86C_zU9r5wGqIQAc">Property,
Plant, and Equipment and Intangible Assets</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equipment,
computer software, and furniture and fixtures are recorded at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated
useful lives, which range as follows: equipment&#8212;<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zAH9RDl68Y73" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">5</span>, <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zSKRwFqXyHwf" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">7</span> or <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zCm23sQE5vM9" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">20</span> years; computer software&#8212;<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zbe9yQRZVCJk" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">2</span>, <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zncCWecX32dl" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">3</span> or <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zgJgV3z4xZT1" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">5</span> years; and furniture and fixtures&#8212;<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_zftXqtLTrAWl" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">5</span>,
<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_ztBiI4iBbCJ9" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">7</span> or <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_zFialTGJGhs6" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets">10</span> years. Leasehold improvements are recorded at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the term of their lease
or their estimated useful lives, whichever is shorter.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
fair value of non-compete agreements, customer relationships, and tradenames acquired in  business combinations are amortized over their
estimated useful lives (see Notes 6 and 12).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company tests the recoverability of its property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets with finite useful lives whenever events
or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The Company tests for recoverability
based on the projected undiscounted cash flows to be derived from such asset. If the projected undiscounted future cash flows are less
than the carrying value of the asset, the Company will record an impairment loss, if any, based on the difference between the estimated
fair value and the carrying value of the asset. The Company generally measures fair value by considering sale prices for similar assets
or by discounting estimated future cash flows from such asset using an appropriate discount rate. Cash flow projections and fair value
estimates require significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions prove to be incorrect, the
Company may be required to record impairments in future periods and such impairments could be material.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy_zLHYWGOv8k91" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_863_zZIE0GjIVp95">Goodwill</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Goodwill
is the excess of the consideration paid for a business over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill and
other indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized. Instead, these assets are reviewed annually (or more frequently under
various conditions) for impairment. The Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is
necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. However, the Company may elect to perform the quantitative goodwill
impairment test even if no indications of a potential impairment exist.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">When
performing its quantitative annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test the Company is comparing the fair value of its reporting units
with their carrying amounts. The Company would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the
reporting unit&#8217;s fair value; however, the loss recognized would not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting
unit. Additionally, the Company considers income tax effects from any tax-deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of its reporting
unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. The fair value of the reporting units is estimated using discounted
cash flow methodologies, as well as considering third party market value indicators. The Company&#8217;s use of a discounted cash flow
methodology includes estimates of future revenue based upon budgets and projections. The Company also develops estimates for future levels
of gross and operating profits and projected capital expenditures. The Company&#8217;s methodology also includes the use of estimated
discount rates based upon industry and competitor analysis as well as other factors. Calculating the fair value of the reporting units
requires significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions regarding the fair value of the reporting
units prove to be incorrect, the Company may be required to record impairments to its goodwill in future periods and such impairments
could be material.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Advertising Expense</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_845_eus-gaap--AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock_zZgVf7mM5h1j" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_865_zo5P44NgynUl">Advertising
Expense</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cost
of advertising is charged to selling, general and administrative expenses in the period in which it is incurred. In fiscal 2022, fiscal
2021, and fiscal 2020, advertising expense was $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zgeK1ARXiiPa" title="Advertising expense">17.0</span> million, $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zlmUQ0JTEb68" title="Advertising expense">15.3</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zbODDzgYtSt2" title="Advertising expense">15.7 </span>million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InternalUseSoftwarePolicy', window );">Capitalized Internal Use Software Costs</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--InternalUseSoftwarePolicy_zmnfHinLOYJ1" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86A_z1CJGOLOOcya">Capitalized
Internal Use Software Costs</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_901_ecustom--InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_z10bUC9d2ZW1" title="Internal use software policy description">The
Company capitalizes the cost of internal-use software that has a useful life in excess of one year</span>. These costs consist of payments made
to third parties and the salaries of employees working on such software development. Subsequent additions, modifications or upgrades
to internal-use software are capitalized only to the extent that they allow the software to perform a task it previously did not perform.
Software maintenance and training costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. Capitalized internal use software costs
are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Amortization expense related to such capitalized software in
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zTkdN715jAaf" title="Amortization expense">12.2</span> million, $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_z0xHy2p2CmNj" title="Amortization expense">12.6</span> million, and $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zMb9qeNR61Vc" title="Amortization expense">14.6</span> million, respectively. Unamortized capitalized
internal use software costs at July 31, 2022 and 2021 were $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_z74UB0pqhFce" title="Unamortized capital expense">18.7</span> million and $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet_iI_pn5n6_c20210731_z3XUpM4OzWak" title="Unamortized capital expense">16.7</span> million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MaintenanceCostPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Repairs and Maintenance</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--MaintenanceCostPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zEabTVuL3aFj" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_861_zBKQkBAdawmf">Repairs
and Maintenance</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company charges the cost of repairs and maintenance, including the cost of replacing minor items not constituting substantial betterment,
to selling, general and administrative expenses as these costs are incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Foreign Currency Translation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_znN5iIHE84Ab" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_860_zveKvx0e7gGj">Foreign
Currency Translation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Assets
and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries denominated in foreign currencies are translated to U.S. Dollars at end-of-period rates of exchange,
and their monthly results of operations are translated to U.S. Dollars at the average rates of exchange for that month. Gains or losses
resulting from such foreign currency translations are recorded in &#8220;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#8221; in the accompanying
consolidated balance sheets. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are reported in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221;
in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock', window );">Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock_z6WwL3vt2J3a" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_868_zYd8c9Xk6ov7">Income
Taxes</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between
the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance is
provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The ultimate realization
of deferred tax assets depends on the generation of future taxable income during the period in which related temporary differences become
deductible. The Company considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning
strategies in its assessment of a valuation allowance. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected
to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred
tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date of such change.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company uses a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Company
determines whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related
appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. In evaluating whether a tax position has met the more-likely-than-not
recognition threshold, the Company presumes that the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority that has full knowledge
of all relevant information. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured to determine the amount
of tax benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater
than <span id="xdx_900_ecustom--IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731_zw7TL0u2T9Oc" title="Tax position ultimate settlement, percentage">50</span> percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Differences between tax positions taken in a tax return and amounts
recognized in the financial statements will generally result in one or more of the following: an increase in a liability for income taxes
payable, a reduction of an income tax refund receivable, a reduction in a deferred tax asset, or an increase in a deferred tax liability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company classifies interest and penalties on income taxes as a component of income tax expense.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock', window );">Contingencies</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock_zqNZT25oW154" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_866_zUzWSVvmKLCc">Contingencies</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accrues for loss contingencies when both (a) information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that
it is probable that a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and (b) the amount of loss can reasonably be
estimated. When the Company accrues for loss contingencies and the reasonable estimate of the loss is within a range, the Company records
its best estimate within the range. When no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the Company accrues the
minimum amount in the range. The Company discloses an estimated possible loss or a range of loss when it is at least reasonably possible
that a loss may have been incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock', window );">Earnings Per Share</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_z1VPUK5SqNsg" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Earnings
Per Share</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Basic
earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted
average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is determined
in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject
to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect
of such increase is anti-dilutive.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zCai1jo6htfj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#8217;s
common stockholders consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B2_z5qcTKZt2mo9" style="display: none">Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Year ended July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220731_zySBngcBGso" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20200801__20210731_zlbnaU7SGrud" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20190801__20200731_ztjSOCoU3Hj1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zQxKEpBPTVnj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%">Basic weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">25,791</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">25,495</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">26,278</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Effect of dilutive securities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_pn3n3_zYp8sJJ2t2Z8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Stock options</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">434</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">229</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_pn3n3_zMPcvguT2I0a" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">131</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">329</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">162</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pn3n3_z1WNdVoj22Qc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Diluted weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">26,356</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">26,053</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">26,441</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8A9_zTh3EdSuty49" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_zX9UfD090Dvd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following outstanding stock options were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise prices of the
stock options were greater than the average market price of the Company&#8217;s stock during the period:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BF_z0IMgsXdreCc" style="display: none">Schedule of Outstanding Stock Options Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Year ended July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20210801__20220731_ziVy1YAG88Bi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210731_z2ctN4mVtCg1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20190801__20200731_z9kgUsNgu6hf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_zmL8IBtck6af" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%; text-align: left">Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1018">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right">535</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right">1,138</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AB_zd2xEPMb0Vzj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy', window );">Stock-Based Compensation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy_zqu8r0V0cRhe" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86C_zx1CojSxU2I3">Stock-Based
Compensation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes compensation expense for its grants of stock-based awards based on the estimated fair value on the grant date. Compensation
cost for awards is recognized using the straight-line method over the requisite service period, which is usually the vesting period.
Stock-based compensation is included in selling, general and administrative expense.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk', window );">Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk_znhwAvoxjdf8" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_86A_zCH4Mz9ctLli">Vulnerability
Due to Certain Concentrations</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Financial
instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, restricted
cash and cash equivalents, debt securities, equity investments, and trade accounts receivable. The Company holds cash and cash equivalents
at several major financial institutions, which often exceed FDIC insurance limits. Historically, the Company has not experienced any
losses due to such concentration of credit risk. The Company&#8217;s temporary cash investments policy is to limit the dollar amount
of investments with any one financial institution and monitor the credit ratings of those institutions. While the Company may be exposed
to credit losses due to the nonperformance of the holders of its deposits, the Company does not expect the settlement of these transactions
to have a material effect on its results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Concentration
of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is limited due to the large number of customers in various geographic regions
and industry segments comprising the Company&#8217;s customer base. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of consolidated revenues
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021 or fiscal 2020. However, the Company&#8217;s five largest customers collectively accounted for <span id="xdx_906_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zEw1r9vVAkha" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage">12.5</span>%, <span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zFCzrpoDpZy9" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage">14.5</span>%,
and <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zNrOISyACj25" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage">12.7</span>% of its consolidated revenues in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively. The Company&#8217;s customers with
the five largest receivable balances collectively accounted for <span id="xdx_904_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zcSMxOh66T0c" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage">17.3</span>% and <span id="xdx_907_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_z9iYulpHrwMd" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage">9.7</span>% of the consolidated gross trade accounts receivable at
July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. This concentration of customers increases the Company&#8217;s risk associated with nonpayment by
those customers. In an effort to reduce such risk, the Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its significant customers. In addition,
the Company attempts to mitigate the credit risk related to specific IDT Global (formerly known as Carrier Services) customers by also
buying services from the customer, in order to create an opportunity to offset its payables and receivables and reduce its net trade
receivable exposure risk. When it is practical to do so, the Company will increase its purchases from IDT Global customers with receivable
balances that exceed the Company&#8217;s applicable payables in order to maximize the offset and reduce its credit risk.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy', window );">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_840_eus-gaap--ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy_zZ7YtTcfygMi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_861_zjFTa0KNtKFl">Allowance
for Doubtful Accounts</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company estimates the balance of its allowance for doubtful accounts by analyzing accounts receivable balances by age and applying historical
write-off and collection trend rates. The Company&#8217;s estimates include separately providing for customer receivables based on specific
circumstances and credit conditions, and when it is deemed probable that the balance is uncollectible. Account balances are written off
against the allowance when it is determined that the receivable will not be recovered. The change in the allowance for doubtful accounts
is as follows:</span></p>

<p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--AccountsReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossTableTextBlock_zpq3YYQehuCe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zcEBREfuOoxh" style="display: none">Schedule of Changes In Allowance For Doubtful Accounts</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
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                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">end of year</p></td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; width: 36%; text-align: left">Allowance for doubtful accounts</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zRVJ0PVvgvHd" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year">4,438</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_fKDEp_z9YRq8WtfBVk" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions">(886</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zN3yJZY6Dcgg" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year">5,882</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Allowance for doubtful accounts</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zdrHdxASTHI6" style="text-align: right">6,085</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zrNccr5ED8xg" style="text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year">4,438</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Allowance for doubtful accounts</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zqjzRGQaCQQ" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year">5,444</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_z2cjL1yX5Y94" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Additions charged to costs and expenses">3,109</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731_fKDEp_zrOYhe8ptA9l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions">(2,468</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zOEwt4Km9Zs1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year">6,085</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F08_zjquKOqRBlAk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F16_zVIaBGAJ6iC" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Primarily uncollectible
accounts written off, net of recoveries.</span></td>
</tr></table>

<p id="xdx_8A8_zsmavfKjA0p3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Fair Value Measurements</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_848_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zXydR0TINMo1" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_861_zCwkxBMxGsG6">Fair
Value Measurements</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fair
value of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities is defined as an exit price, which is the price that would be received to
sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The three-tier
hierarchy for inputs used to measure fair value, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, is
as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    1</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">quoted
    prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    2</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">quoted
    prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly
    or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    3</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">unobservable
    inputs based on the Company&#8217;s assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
financial asset or liability&#8217;s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant
to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment
and may affect the valuation of the assets and liabilities being measured and their placement within the fair value hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock', window );">Leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_848_eus-gaap--LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_zmcLQ4tq5J7j" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_865_zrUb2fJyqWub">Leases</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for its leases under ASU No. 2016-02, <i>Leases (Topic 842)</i>, and the amendments thereto (collectively referred
to as &#8220;ASC 842&#8221;). ASC 842 established a right-of-use (&#8220;ROU&#8221;) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU
asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet on the lease commencement date for all leases with terms longer than 12 months.
Leases are classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income
statement. The lease liability represents the present value of the Company&#8217;s obligation to make payments over the lease term.
The present value of the lease payments is calculated using the incremental borrowing rate based on the rate of interest that the
Company would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. Operating
leases with a term of 12 months or less are not recorded in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets and the Company
recognizes lease cost for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>

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<span></span>
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<td class="text"><p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zu65AVpNz1Zi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_862_z3mgFYTAcLF1">Recently
Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">In June 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&#8220;FASB&#8221;),
issued ASU No. 2022-03, <i>Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)</i>, <i>Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual
Sale Restrictions,</i> that clarifies that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit
of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value. The ASU also requires specific disclosures
related to equity securities that are subject to contractual sales restrictions. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU prospectively
on August 1, 2024. The Company is evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, <i>Financial
Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326)</i>, <i>Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,</i> that changes the
impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For receivables, loans and other instruments, entities
will be required to use a new forward-looking current expected credit loss model that generally will result in the earlier
recognition of allowance for losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, entities will measure credit
losses in a manner similar to current practice, except the losses will be recognized as allowances instead of reductions in the
amortized cost of the securities. In addition, an entity will have to disclose significantly more information about allowances,
credit quality indicators, and past due securities. The new provisions will be applied as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained
earnings. The Company will adopt the new standard on August 1, 2023. The Company is evaluating the impact that the new standard will
have on its consolidated financial statements.</p>
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<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 720<br> -SubTopic 35<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6420018&amp;loc=d3e36677-107848<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the business description and basis of presentation concepts. Business description describes the nature and type of organization including but not limited to organizational structure as may be applicable to holding companies, parent and subsidiary relationships, business divisions, business units, business segments, affiliates and information about significant ownership of the reporting entity. Basis of presentation describes the underlying basis used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS).</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for cash and cash equivalents, including the policy for determining which items are treated as cash equivalents. Other information that may be disclosed includes (1) the nature of any restrictions on the entity's use of its cash and cash equivalents, (2) whether the entity's cash and cash equivalents are insured or expose the entity to credit risk, (3) the classification of any negative balance accounts (overdrafts), and (4) the carrying basis of cash equivalents (for example, at cost) and whether the carrying amount of cash equivalents approximates fair value.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for commitments and contingencies, which may include policies for recognizing and measuring loss and gain contingencies.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 460<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126907703&amp;loc=d3e12565-110249<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 954<br> -SubTopic 450<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6491354&amp;loc=d3e6049-115624<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for credit risk.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy regarding (1) the principles it follows in consolidating or combining the separate financial statements, including the principles followed in determining the inclusion or exclusion of subsidiaries or other entities in the consolidated or combined financial statements and (2) its treatment of interests (for example, common stock, a partnership interest or other means of exerting influence) in other entities, for example consolidation or use of the equity or cost methods of accounting. The accounting policy may also address the accounting treatment for intercompany accounts and transactions, noncontrolling interest, and the income statement treatment in consolidation for issuances of stock by a subsidiary.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126899994&amp;loc=d3e18823-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=d3e5614-111684<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 705<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122478<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for computing basic and diluted earnings or loss per share for each class of common stock and participating security. Addresses all significant policy factors, including any antidilutive items that have been excluded from the computation and takes into account stock dividends, splits and reverse splits that occur after the balance sheet date of the latest reporting period but before the issuance of the financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3630-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets, liabilities and instruments classified in shareholders' equity. Disclosures include, but are not limited to, how an entity that manages a group of financial assets and liabilities on the basis of its net exposure measures the fair value of those assets and liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for (1) transactions denominated in a currency other than the reporting enterprise's functional currency, (2) translating foreign currency financial statements that are incorporated into the financial statements of the reporting enterprise by consolidation, combination, or the equity method of accounting, and (3) remeasurement of the financial statements of a foreign reporting enterprise in a hyperinflationary economy.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2175825<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for goodwill. This accounting policy also may address how an entity assesses and measures impairment of goodwill, how reporting units are determined, how goodwill is allocated to such units, and how the fair values of the reporting units are determined.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13854-109267<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&amp;trid=2144439<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122137925&amp;loc=d3e14258-109268<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for income taxes, which may include its accounting policies for recognizing and measuring deferred tax assets and liabilities and related valuation allowances, recognizing investment tax credits, operating loss carryforwards, tax credit carryforwards, and other carryforwards, methodologies for determining its effective income tax rate and the characterization of interest and penalties in the financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123427490&amp;loc=d3e32247-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32847-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32840-109319<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431353&amp;loc=SL116659661-227067<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123427490&amp;loc=d3e32280-109318<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32809-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InternalUseSoftwarePolicy">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for costs incurred when both (1) the software is acquired, internally developed, or modified solely to meet the entity's internal needs, and (2) during the software's development or modification, no substantive plan exists or is being developed to market the software externally.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118172244&amp;loc=d3e17916-109280<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 50<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=16397303&amp;loc=d3e19379-109286<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InternalUseSoftwarePolicy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for investment in financial asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(3)(b))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for leasing arrangement entered into by lessee.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918666-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MaintenanceCostPolicyPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of the accounting policy for maintenance costs. Does not include planned major maintenance activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MaintenanceCostPolicyPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesPolicy">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for investment classified as marketable security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980459&amp;loc=d3e62652-112803<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesPolicy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy pertaining to new accounting pronouncements that may impact the entity's financial reporting. Includes, but is not limited to, quantification of the expected or actual impact.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for long-lived, physical asset used in normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, work of art, historical treasure, and similar asset classified as collections.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 958<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126982197&amp;loc=d3e99779-112916<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 958<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126982197&amp;loc=d3e99893-112916<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for determining the allowance for doubtful accounts for trade and other accounts receivable balances, and when impairments, charge-offs or recoveries are recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123577603&amp;loc=d3e5144-111524<br></p></div>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for revenue. Includes revenue from contract with customer and from other sources.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for award under share-based payment arrangement. Includes, but is not limited to, methodology and assumption used in measuring cost.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(ii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(v)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2228938<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 14.D.2.Q6)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122041274&amp;loc=d3e301413-122809<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(i)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for the use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e6191-108592<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e6161-108592<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e6143-108592<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e5967-108592<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e6061-108592<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e6132-108592<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e5967-108592<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618646144">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zCai1jo6htfj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#8217;s
common stockholders consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B2_z5qcTKZt2mo9" style="display: none">Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share</span></span></p>

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                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220731_zySBngcBGso" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 46%">Basic weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">25,791</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">25,495</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">26,278</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">131</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">329</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>Diluted weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">26,356</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">26,441</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<td class="text"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_zX9UfD090Dvd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following outstanding stock options were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise prices of the
stock options were greater than the average market price of the Company&#8217;s stock during the period:</span></p>

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                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20190801__20200731_z9kgUsNgu6hf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right">535</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right">1,138</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Changes In Allowance For Doubtful Accounts</a></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F08_zjquKOqRBlAk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F16_zVIaBGAJ6iC" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Primarily uncollectible
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of allowance for credit loss on accounts receivable.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611662112">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Segment Information (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 35%">Revenues</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues">108,764</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z42x8vKKu0k7" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues">58,185</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues">1,197,108</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1081">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues">1,364,057</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Income (loss) from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_ztMyoVwYU0H7" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">5,315</td><td style="text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zIpxmXHxaQBj" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">(11,132</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zXFsWMaUn2Ud" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">74,832</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zI6Hu4Ehdh64" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">(8,926</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zvyhlyvFULd3" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">60,089</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Depreciation and amortization</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zqROX8DuXO61" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(2,724</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zdzESilBpchi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(5,374</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zKaNGj2kG4va" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(9,940</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zIkvTsmJ9Zbk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(77</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zHIkXZxrwhN9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(18,115</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Year ended July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Revenues</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">74,344</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zaFna9HqTi9l" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">44,502</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">1,328,144</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1111">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zQZBKOont0Yb" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">1,446,990</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">(Loss) income from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zs83vaHUkzpb" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">(1,462</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zEafzoQcAok2" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">(15,460</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zNuZLkpfDJ86" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">81,305</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_z4xYfEv9ofZd" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">(7,393</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_ziUCniSjA0y6" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">56,990</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Depreciation and amortization</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zMEminSB2yn3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(1,751</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z3WgUmxLqs43" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(5,053</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zJNtZZez9Rvc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(10,884</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_z3BwKASR4lx3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(76</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731_zW6illvWozz4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(17,764</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Year ended July 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Revenues</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">59,924</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zEFJs1Tfi4zg" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">32,454</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">1,253,391</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1141">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">1,345,769</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Income (loss) from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zoY9R0gbIbzf" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">3,381</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zVGA9wKWvJJk" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">(16,765</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_z8cc1Ppi2iB6" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">40,985</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zBTn1A4e3ro7" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">(9,659</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zZUhIaAu2aFi" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations">17,942</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Depreciation and amortization</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zSTQ7PZpdjDl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(1,524</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zlrvIfyTswha" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(4,147</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zVdski2uSNs9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(14,689</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zIN3ogtFgTmg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(46</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731_zOruntUDX3f" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization">(20,406</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>


<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongLivedAssetsByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Net Long-lived Assets and Total Assets by Geographic Areas</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--LongLivedAssetsByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_z0nYhZI85Mff" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
long-lived assets and total assets held outside of the United States, which are located primarily in Western Europe, were as follows:&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BC_zF2I5j7KYLT" style="display: none">Schedule of Net Long-lived Assets and Total Assets by Geographic Areas</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">United</p>
                                                           <p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">States</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Other</p>
                                                           <p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Countries</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Total</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 46%; text-align: left">Long-lived assets, net</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611626832">
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  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_zpx73K4npumg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table shows the Company&#8217;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location.
On July 31, 2020, the Company restructured certain operations for tax purposes resulting in the change of geographic sourcing of revenues
from the Netherlands to the United States, and on February 1, 2021, geographic sourcing was changed from the United States to the United
Kingdom.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zsHDWi35VCpc" style="display: none">Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">(in thousands)</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fintech</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">net2phone</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Total</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Year ended July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 28%; text-align: left">United States</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zNQCiKBVfXNb" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Total">836,483</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Outside the United States:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">United Kingdom</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zZ1cQ6ydujM" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1247">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z6mYeiAUcFDf" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">311,847</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Netherlands</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zxvQRVSlA9d6" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1253">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zXZJSmULB2jc" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">30</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zPCkj3yAzB8" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1257">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zpJeDiCq7cV" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">30</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Other</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zc06X7wuwo3k" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">1,996</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zvhhAIFL2FR5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">28,050</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zI5ifgvfVWic" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">48,778</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zb8rBqRbGyR" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">78,824</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total outside the United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zKw1hluzHRdi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">1,996</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zhCtcQA3kQIb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">28,080</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zIO6AxuBEQNk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">360,625</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zwVUcQfbHu7k" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">390,701</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_ziLLRbNBDjl4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">58,185</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zX51BPxKONO3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">1,197,108</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z5MRRIrj2CM5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">1,364,057</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Year ended July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zKbzOO4jI4Kh" style="text-align: right" title="Total">74,344</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_z9EDAl4khawi" style="text-align: right" title="Total">23,093</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zCZ9F10Sjm22" style="text-align: right" title="Total">1,033,814</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zviMcWrDfzwk" style="text-align: right" title="Total">1,131,251</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Outside the United States:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">United Kingdom</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z2nLGU7ixpAj" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1293">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Netherlands</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zrC5FSkMEMm6" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1301">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_z8mufF40Nau7" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">28</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zphYQ2mykWW3" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">28</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Other</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zVfQnN7vykQ8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">74,121</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total outside the United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zdJbGhACHahg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1317">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zVCDkdFHg0U3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">44,502</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zQQ05dgkRsVk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">1,446,990</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Year ended July 31, 2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zuRm8NZYnkZf" style="text-align: right" title="Total">59,924</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zjLbacMjhEp3" style="text-align: right" title="Total">15,506</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Total">849,920</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Total">925,350</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Outside the United States:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">United Kingdom</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zsYNmkKpC1Vh" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1341">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zFWvgYl4KYj1" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">12</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zUQ3C4KbY3qg" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">131,704</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z1JwDNCLhDrk" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">131,716</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Netherlands</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zU73O3QGK5l7" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1349">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zEZwIdeeqP62" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">14</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zovRBcXYWDU4" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">210,729</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_za4d6TfUm9R9" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">210,743</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Other</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zwIOEWDDBnD6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1357">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zsbpBeygSD9d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">16,922</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zQX1miA9U4Dj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">61,038</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zHjpw1n7Czs" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">77,960</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total outside the United States</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_z2KizIPdDGYj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1365">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zgiE4PR6d9tc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">16,948</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zIJPMaAzq3I4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">403,471</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zVBczeEikDZe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States">420,419</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z4oTw2h7NnZb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">59,924</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zf7KQQfebmga" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">32,454</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zdSIyIaydFb3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">1,253,391</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zkXVJtOw46e" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total">1,345,769</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_zjMj52DQTL5g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_zBgmSxqFIDS8" style="display: none">Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220731_zQf8hTZrh0n4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210731_zOsM5mIAv2Hf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zezOgz9l2dZe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,085</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">3,460</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zWRjXgDdUY34" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other assets&#8221;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,469</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,151</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCCNzHg2_zb3mBx2LWtTi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">7,554</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">6,611</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of cost capitalized in obtaining or fulfilling contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905575&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499619892592">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zTJFJSZAJa6d" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#8217;s operating leases were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zNa6ofDO51n5" style="display: none">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Year ended July 31</p>
                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20210801__20220731_z1S2hY4ARtRh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20200801__20210731_zXSa6iQx5bj1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20190801__20200731_zZWgiQtDAYF4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_zeeyn8Y0MIV2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%; text-align: left">Operating lease cost</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,901</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">2,824</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">2,832</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_pn3n3_zHZMTlraFZQi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Short-term lease cost</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,348</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">620</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">246</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_pn3n3_zEoTNCFvEkxj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL LEASE COST</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,249</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,444</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,078</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zmsNQaahBOJ5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Operating cash flows from operating
leases</p></td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,857</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,779</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,745</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_z1Vv5PIDUogj" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
                                 Operating cash flows from operating leases</p></td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,857</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,779</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,745</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_898_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zDJNfRy6eUu4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zGSgIyGWL0X2">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Weighted-average remaining lease term-operating leases</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20220731_zaWi3Q0amiNd" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term">2.8</span> years</b></span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20210731_zTgb05g1LnY9" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term">3.4</span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Weighted-average discount rate-operating leases</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20220731_z8NqJ2EULan6" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent">3.0</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210731_zAKQSYH1QMs" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent">2.9</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
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<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_895_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zAAIUk95nBxh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_zPbmUi06JKSi" style="display: none">Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20220731_zdhnmAwfprXb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20210731_zjwAsQYhw4F2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zB0cbkHhqr06" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities included in &#8220;Other current liabilities&#8221;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,899</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">2,456</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zZVzmlBhhupg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,606</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">5,473</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzDbj_zlkLB5WtagU8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">7,505</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">7,929</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zSLCzSuBaqRh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zDJnto9PGgN5" style="display: none">Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20220731_zZ55U9dGbuoi">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Year ending July 31:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z90lglJVuHH6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zI6VveOvN2yd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z5Bw7R5JI8Z3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">2025</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zI2T2BusnHg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">2026</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_znLagtLL0jGe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">2027</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zmDDto2Cz0A4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Thereafter</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzXtU_zFkXH3CIGfy7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total lease payments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,845</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_z8ALbxkaEKi9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Less imputed interest</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(340</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total operating lease liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">7,505</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of Operating Lease Liability [Table Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases [Table Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of lessee's lease cost. Includes, but is not limited to, interest expense for finance lease, amortization of right-of-use asset for finance lease, operating lease cost, short-term lease cost, variable lease cost and sublease income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of undiscounted cash flows of lessee's operating lease liability. Includes, but is not limited to, reconciliation of undiscounted cash flows to operating lease liability recognized in statement of financial position.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock</td>
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<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618442960">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zt0K4xcX6s4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B2_zEeUQ4XXfELe" style="display: none">Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span></span></p>

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                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220731_zCOsnZmkztok" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20210731_zRCdy4ZEJXni" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zMUa0b3UedKe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">98,352</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">107,147</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zPCdN4QisnU7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">91,210</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">119,769</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzDIV_zditijp1LrCl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">189,562</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">226,916</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of cash and cash equivalents.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616222384">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Acquisitions (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</a></td>
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acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BF_zJw9OloaSjEc" style="display: none">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zaspyen1HZP4" style="text-indent: 60pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_z8cQzB7ws7Lh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 78%; text-align: left">Cash paid</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 18%; text-align: right">7,200</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zW77V0OpVENb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(81</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zXVQqNrS4C07" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,119</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_pn3n3_z3o4VJqgrnkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,000</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pn3n3_ziRjJ44lj8V6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Future payments subject to holdback</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,158</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Contingent consideration</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration">1,361</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_zRtU0e6QdN66" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">12,638</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zp6EYE5guopi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_z3kVUL41zLe1" style="display: none">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zDqxnWoZIaif" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">332</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">4</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">21</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment (mainly acquired technology)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">777</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Goodwill</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">8,433</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_iI_pn3n3_z0EozzKW0eOi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Customer relationships (<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zaNMA7LMx45a" title="Useful lives, years">7</span>-year useful lives)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,230</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Tradename (<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_z5x2jiwpJjog" title="Useful lives, years">5</span>-year useful life)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">400</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Non-compete agreements (<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_z31rcUqkNBv6" title="Useful lives, years">6</span>-year useful lives)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">660</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease right-of-use asset</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">732</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">24</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Deferred income tax assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable_iNI_pn3n3_di_z6zHjrEEhHf1" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts payable</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther_iNI_pn3n3_di_zbYzLHbNWLbl" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_iNI_pn3n3_di_znaCYSKuavQ2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(243</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_zUc58Vq9PL77" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liability current portion</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(176</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_z43fxoMbdmI1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liability noncurrent portion</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(556</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue_iNI_pn3n3_di_zRW84vUszcwi" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncontrolling interests</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Net assets acquired excluding cash</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">12,638</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember', window );">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zX4r9X2maVIf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B7_zSP2MQ0w3Nuj" style="display: none">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zymJum0pl8Y2" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_zTA90d27vIi4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Cash paid</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">500</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zV6W535MRbsc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(167</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zMYA0T1hm81d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">333</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Contingent consideration</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration">3,330</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_z40RNX0Jivue" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,663</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zgE2ZZji2id6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B3_z6GEiiwm4rL8" style="display: none">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zuPP7T2n2MKb" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_ztWhWl0BOaYd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Current assets</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">9</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3_zNNUPF6KULog" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment (mainly acquired technology)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">324</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_ztZjO15fPB5j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Goodwill</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,199</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3_z2ZFh5m0RS0i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Tradename (<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zsMCv29195Ii" title="Useful lives, years">5</span>-year useful life)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">131</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3_zAkXkChaoWbl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember', window );">Sochitel UK Ltd. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zNxEZkRe5aBa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B6_zr4IE7cmYsv" style="display: none">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zilatKi34e4b" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_zBbiwu30Gk8f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Cash paid</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">2,732</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zVCTGVeQbDp7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(344</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zuUdEEbs8Lid" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,388</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Contingent consideration</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration">393</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_zHl89a3QJKTb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,781</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zZNr4gwGaVG" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_z9P1ehQoZ9P8" style="display: none">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zzXCDMNjfin5" style="text-indent: 50pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_iI_pn3n3_zlHo9z4qc5Cg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">656</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_iI_pn3n3_zNMlsAwY5DEh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,644</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3_zMBROigKosBl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">75</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_z9XLGkKC5016" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Goodwill</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,025</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Customer relationships (<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zVOWX6bhD0Td" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life">15</span>-year useful life)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,960</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3_zXS61mx4Qx87" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Tradenames (<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zjcbyhCDBDWg" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life">20</span>-year useful life)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">440</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets_iI_pn3n3_zxTl0Ehwijnf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Deferred income tax assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">197</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_zbl1uuXgE829" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">30</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable_iNI_pn3n3_di_zHKoPDnLesC6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts payable</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,306</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_iNI_pn3n3_di_zbLLWnnoIUtk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(423</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther_iNI_pn3n3_di_zDPt7sNG6xW4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(329</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue_iNI_pn3n3_di_zJ2Ep4hBBVQe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncontrolling interests</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(2,188</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3_zEcwdBz6rtaf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Net assets acquired excluding cash</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,781</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of contingent payment arrangements including the terms that will result in payment and the accounting treatment that will be followed if such contingencies occur, including the potential impact on earnings per share if contingencies are to be settled in common stock of the entity. The description also may include the period over which amounts are expected to be paid, and changes in the amount since the previous reporting period. This also includes contingent options and commitments.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of a material business combination completed during the period, including background, timing, and recognized assets and liabilities. This table does not include leveraged buyouts.</p></div>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499617033600">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt Securities (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesTradingAndAvailableForSaleAbstract', window );"><strong>Debt Securities, Trading and Available-for-Sale [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_zfMivDd5a1Ma" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zVM7E1VfVOz7" style="display: none">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Amortized <br/> Cost</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Gross <br/> Unrealized <br/> Gains</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Gross <br/> Unrealized <br/> Losses</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fair Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 40%">Certificates of deposit<sup id="xdx_F46_zIRVjprgdi9j">*</sup></td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zUJ0i29YE7G" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">2,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____ztVPX4eFPzKf" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1699">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zFN2YoIJtAJf" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(14</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zxTfP7ZlFMMa" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">1,986</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">13,848</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1707">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zOp2ScPdNL6" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(114</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">13,734</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">3,966</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax">1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z9vqo7HTX4Sh" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(416</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">3,551</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Municipal bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">3,035</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1723">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zDArEDN6zf3h" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(3</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">3,032</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">22,849</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax">1</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731_zWcFEesgTcx2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(547</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">22,303</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Certificates of deposit<sup id="xdx_F43_zLPoitzbfDs8">*</sup></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zvKQDjqfmEYd" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">1,200</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zL6GjdK4BEB2" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax">3</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zbLBcy91YvXb" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1741">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z430MENGJ8Nf" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">1,203</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">1,669</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1747">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zx2ucxwWwdDa" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(17</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">1,652</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">6,327</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax">38</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z35I8hc7O212" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(33</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">6,332</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Municipal bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">4,825</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1763">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zFHBCUc28yU7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1765">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">4,825</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost">14,021</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax">41</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731_zRfyDtDQSP19" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax">(50</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale">14,012</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td id="xdx_F05_zfMGYKFpoN89" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F15_zWXZiipKfX4l" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
    of the certificates of deposit held by the Company has a CUSIP, was purchased in the secondary market through a broker and may be
    sold in the secondary market.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_z5Dn8JJVnORh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
contractual maturities of the Company&#8217;s available-for-sale debt securities at July 31, 2022 were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B6_znANlWHkf21c" style="display: none">Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20220731_zT0Y6L3T8T53" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fair Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zYDBztQOGoe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 84%; text-align: left">Within one year</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">15,374</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zfRZVIs1E77i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">After one year through five years</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,729</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zMersWnB713h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">After five years through ten years</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,634</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zbSpUaL9QOJk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">After ten years</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">566</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDz3sI_znqBWi9UCZej" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">22,303</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zUedIMyStdo3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for which other-than-temporary impairments were not
recognized:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B8_z1BVEhP31SF2" style="display: none">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Unrealized <br/> Losses</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fair <br/>Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%">Certificates of deposit</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_pn3n3" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">14</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_pn3n3" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">1,986</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">114</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">13,734</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">416</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">3,514</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Municipal bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">3</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">2,412</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">547</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">21,646</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">17</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">1,652</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">33</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">3,293</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss">50</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position">4,945</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zsZqrFrqKaac" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2021, there were no securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer. At July 31, 2022, the following
available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BB_zEIrZ9kuf8jk" style="display: none">Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Unrealized <br/> Losses</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Fair <br/>Value</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%">July 31, 2022</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right; width: 12%">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right; width: 12%">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">U.S. Treasury bills and notes</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zJLJYWiiJju3" style="text-align: right">72</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right">892</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Corporate bonds</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">234</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1,731</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">306</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,623</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2196928<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in unrealized loss position, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621729376">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity Investments (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Equity Investments</a></td>
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    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Zedge, Inc. Class B common stock, <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_908_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zmxjPg0y3m4d" title="Number of related party shares received"><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_90A_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z3Cr2ASgiFv6" title="Number of related party shares received">42,282</span></span> shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zb0u8JNfkdWg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Visa Inc. Series C Convertible Participating Preferred Stock (&#8220;Visa Series C Preferred&#8221;)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,725</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zkrerjkMJMa4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Noncurrent equity investments</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_z5XFP6qFm9U7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#8217;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B0_zaWFxETXF1c4" style="display: none">Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 93%; margin-left: 0.5in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210801__20220731_zRl9rgp9uM34" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210731_zcL2WuApNus3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20190801__20200731_zHdm1fyEUEI5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zoV21TUriGLh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,743</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,109</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right">3,919</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_z7GcE7xePiI3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(1,230</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(1,870</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1948">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_zW3UmudPsVee" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(103</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">510</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">206</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zzZIy5dIPGD8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Upward adjustments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1954">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1955">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_pn3n3_zQAcMVrZExt7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Redemptions</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(9</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(6</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(19</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_z5gyHeKXMkkf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Impairments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1962">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1963">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1964">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zeK2l8wYqsbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,401</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,743</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">4,109</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_z1P0lsnvja11" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value included the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B9_zVbC3wDGnP69" style="display: none">Schedule of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731_zvFPM03bDPke" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20200801__20210731_z56Cudb57R1l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20190801__20200731_zQP0eNfjmcKh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zzsbVuBI0DL7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left">Net (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(19,248</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">8,830</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(336</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_z3duSoGZJdcl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Less: net gains recognized during the period on equity investments redeemed during the period</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1,090</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1984">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_zkWQWyctafvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the
    reporting date</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(19,258</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">7,740</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(336</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
unrealized gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value in the table above included the following: </span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Year
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731_zlNx6Q76IuQ6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2022</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized (losses) gains
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_zdE0e9reLlV7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(14,101</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(195</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_zAww9h7bMD7g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Zedge
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(533</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">591</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(9</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_zRTBXPZQ5Zd6" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the
    reporting date</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(19,258</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">7,740</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(336</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
</table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock', window );">Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zKIzrxcdej08" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s equity method investment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B0_zFG4axK0aw3c" style="display: none">Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zvceED58lSpi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zkaBVRuw6W15" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    </tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 66%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 13%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,901</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 13%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2027">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td>
    </tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zNIKlYoLW7l3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,051</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">4,000</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td>
    </tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zDVYnnytNUq7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in the net loss of investee</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2,224</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(816</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td>
    </tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_z1achCEZHRQ2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Amortization of equity method basis difference</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(727</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(283</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td>
    </tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,001</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,901</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td>
    </tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock', window );">Summary of Statements of Operations</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_891_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock_zhxyh8lpS6P3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summarized
financial information of the EMI was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B3_za9e2RXSQXDe" style="display: none">Summary of Statements of Operations</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31<br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zzFPXHBszvBe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zqT3TJzyHit9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Current assets</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,911</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right">1,467</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AssetsNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncurrent assets</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,462</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,549</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_z5M37qCEwyG7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Current liabilities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(11,480</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(4,041</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_zcQUyQEQf2xa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncurrent liabilities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2052">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(50</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#8212;(Continued)</b></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHox1t8trraa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Year ended</p>
                                                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31, 2022</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zNqeH0qljQwf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">From the date of acquisition to</p>
                                                                               <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31, 2021</p></td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_z22annTXru8c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; font-weight: bold">REVENUES</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">7,889</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">1,898</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">COSTS AND EXPENSES:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_pn3n3_z8khbGMLEli9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Direct cost of revenues</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">9,451</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,937</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_pn3n3_zpo7hQlXOY13" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">5,834</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,388</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OperatingExpenses_pn3n3_zEMv9AzVJchg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL COSTS AND EXPENSES</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">15,285</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">5,325</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_zeuykGjePo31" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">LOSS FROM OPERATIONS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7,396</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(3,427</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_pn3n3_zrXq8kxxKdF6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other (expense) income, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(342</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">101</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_pn3n3_zSrbZvSlGwD3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">NET LOSS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7,738</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(3,326</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure unaudited statements of operations [Table Text Block]</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of equity investment [Table Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of equity method investments including, but not limited to, name of each investee or group of investments, percentage ownership, difference between recorded amount of an investment and the value of the underlying equity in the net assets, and summarized financial information.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117539-209714<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117539-209714<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117539-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of unrealized gains and losses on investments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618339904">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis</a></td>
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    <td>July 31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">17,091</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2090">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2092">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2096">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">1,230</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">1,132</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">2,362</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">9,799</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">1,132</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">41,756</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Acquisition consideration included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zkIKxYZ3S172" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2112">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Other noncurrent liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zaUpYucsM6i7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2120">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDguZbo1Puzj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2122">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z802yhiDGVu2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(5,968</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zK1gQqZfEBe1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(5,968</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2130">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(8,546</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(8,546</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Debt securities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities">1,652</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities">12,360</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2140">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities">14,012</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">40,225</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">2,209</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2148">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">42,434</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2152">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2154">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">2,465</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">2,465</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">41,877</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">14,569</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">2,465</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total">58,911</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Acquisition consideration included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zPXGnttGEzn3" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2168">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_ziX6jrKCX52j" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2170">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z5U8t8kQdlFj" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(628</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z8d7AHNCl5m" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(628</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Other noncurrent liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z2luIEyP7EJ7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2176">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zHapvwtM4209" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2178">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zliPXMPjLpg1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(397</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zmh3fx8biARe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(397</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2184">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2186">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(1,025</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(1,025</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zxh73vD1y5ca" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following tables summarize the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B8_z368TkvgEeh" style="display: none">Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zTUQF6T0fYq1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_z43Idcs3vBF8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,870</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_pn3n3_zn0FnCo834u" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total (losses) gains included in &#8220;Other  (expense) income, net&#8221;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,465</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2222">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2223">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2224">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_ztwa4IFgQoy4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following tables summarize the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B5_zSwHDuZgYZo2" style="display: none">Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210801__20220731_zGSNJ96emJxg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20200801__20210731_zI3TWGgLA4ia" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20190801__20200731_zCOpFiBX6P1a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>Year ended July 31,</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,025</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right">396</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2230">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition_pn3n3_zvo1yPDIEfM3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Transfer into Level 3 from acquisitions</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">7,849</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">628</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">375</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total (gain) loss included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInEarnings_pn3n3_zvNokzZn3Ygd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">&#8220;Other operating (expense) gain, net&#8221;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(303</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2237">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2238">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_pn3n3_zLXwZyqtJ3Fg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">&#8220;Foreign currency translation adjustments&#8221;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(25</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">21</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">8,546</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1,025</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">396</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities at the end of the period</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2248">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2249">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2250">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the fair value measurement of assets using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, separately presenting changes during the period attributable to the following: (1) total gains or losses for the period (realized and unrealized), segregating those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) and gains or losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), and a description of where those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) are reported in the statement of income (or activities); (2) purchases, sales, issues, and settlements (each type disclosed separately); and (3) transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 (for example, transfers due to changes in the observability of significant inputs), by class of asset.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622199392">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Property, Plant, and Equipment (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment</a></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BC_zrGy5XicRXd2" style="display: none">Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment</span></span></p>

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    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">40,811</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zQRMReuKENJ7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,727</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">199,624</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">194,332</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(163,503</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">30,829</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment</a></td>
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equipment leased to customers included in &#8220;Equipment&#8221; in the table above was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zbgIlAF3stC" style="display: none">Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment</span></span></p>

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    <td style="width: 68%">Equipment</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">9,844</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">7,438</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msPPAENzs0Y_zIcrUGVhCuuk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(3,129</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(2,071</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618665584">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsAndGoodwillTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Change in Carrying Amount of Goodwill by Operating Segment</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsAndGoodwillTableTextBlock_z5riMvELXD19" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
table below reconciles the change in the carrying amount of goodwill by operating segment for the period from July 31, 2019 to July 31,
2022:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B7_zxODuKmAc59e" style="display: none">Schedule of Change in Carrying Amount of Goodwill by Operating Segment</span>&#160;</span></p>

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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2338">&#8212;</span></td>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold">Balance at beginning</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod_pn3n3_zvaCaGfYQZFj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: right"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">3,199</p></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments_pn3n3_z2QCXPvLKESh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2358">&#8212;</span></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of goodwill and intangible assets, which may be broken down by segment or major class.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618418704">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Intangible Assets (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Company's Amortized Intangible Assets</a></td>
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table below presents information on the Company&#8217;s amortized intangible assets:</span></p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life, by either major class or business segment.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618535120">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Variable Interest Entity (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_890_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zHbciOCHtUTe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s net income and aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_zxwr120wSdYj" style="display: none">Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE</span>&#160;</span></p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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                                                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">July 31, 2022</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210601__20210731_ztWvh1dsywJb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">For the period from May 31, 2021 to July 31, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_pn3n3_zLGRYoyNUz57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Net income of the VIE</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">248</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right">54</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(94</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">8</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock', window );">VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89B_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_z8EvVc5dgBKl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_zAQ2TkeN3jK4" style="display: none">VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</span>&#160;</span></p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31<br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">ASSETS</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,808</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,490</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">31</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">14</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">344</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other current assets</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,387</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">858</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Due from the Company</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">86</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2491">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">467</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">637</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">889</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1,042</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL ASSETS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">9,172</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">8,184</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">LIABILITIES AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2502">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">312</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">20</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">26</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">5,559</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">4,491</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Due to the Company</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2511">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">8</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(9</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(7</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncontrolling interests</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,602</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,354</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">9,172</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">8,184</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of condensed balance sheet, including, but not limited to, balance sheets of consolidated entities and consolidation eliminations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br> -Number 210<br> -Section 12<br> -Paragraph (a)<br> -Subsection 04<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-04(a))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e24072-122690<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618442960">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zzygHB7CQnNi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the other operating (expense) gain, net by business segment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_z6rvtUzKLJ72" style="display: none">Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31<br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--LegalFees_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzHrI_z8mtxUGwZbh1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left">Corporate &#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7,671</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(2,876</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(3,658</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_maOOIENzHrI_zp5BUF8jHWZ7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Corporate &#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">6,635</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,101</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,127</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_maOOIENzHrI_zmHGoYlNABde" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Fintech&#8212;other</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">45</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2537">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzHrI_zlFzH9qz2rMg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">net2phone&#8212;write-off of contingent consideration liability</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">303</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2540">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2541">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--Net2PhoneOtherNet_iN_di_msOOIENzHrI_zUFPKjB5UIU7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>net2phone&#8212;other</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(10</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(100</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(638</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_maOOIENzHrI_ztswIgReMCji" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Traditional Communications&#8212;gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2547">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,000</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2549">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim_iN_di_msOOIENzHrI_zHODq9QOMsXk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Traditional Communications&#8212;net2phone indemnification claim</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(96</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(472</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,244</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary_maOOIENzHrI_zujLbnUYwXjc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Traditional Communications&#8212; accrual for non-income related taxes related to a foreign subsidiary</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2555">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2556">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(2,150</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsOther_iN_di_msOOIENzHrI_zugc6QNCz3W8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Traditional Communications&#8212;other</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(967</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(500</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_iT_pn3n3_mtOOIENzHrI_z1uYWFb7rl9k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(826</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">731</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(5,063</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of other operating (expenses) gains, net [Tabel Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618665584">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accrued Expenses (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract', window );"><strong>Payables and Accruals [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Accrued Expenses</a></td>
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expenses consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_z3EEe1NCqLYj" style="display: none">Schedule of Accrued Expenses</span>&#160;</span></p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220731_zqXaVQtsMSu" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210731_zI3dSf8nmtT9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--CarrierMinutesTermination_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zEl1ijVjbGbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Carrier minutes termination</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">28,869</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">35,738</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Regulatory fees and taxes</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">48,146</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">52,292</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_z4YlDtnFnzK1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Compensation costs</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">16,145</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15,465</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Maintenance and support</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,122</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,258</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Commissions (money transfer and Mobile Top-Up)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,204</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,213</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Legal and professional fees</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">6,601</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">6,134</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">129,085</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of accrued liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622037440">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other (Expense) Income, Net (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_zCB6HlpI5ifb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other (expense) income, net consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zcEkAtRYonmf" style="display: none">Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20210801__20220731_z1sYQjTMdGOe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210731_zUJzZIViFP3e" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20190801__20200731_zPuO22HiExz9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zDbIDZHgXHck" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left">Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(1,742</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">1,009</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">370</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zBaahJtTDwi2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in net loss of investee</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2,951</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,099</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2641">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zpFwSxQctdah" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Write-off of tax assets related to prior periods</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2643">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2644">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,346</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--GainLossOnInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_ziqMbibgXL8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">(Losses) gains on investments</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(19,248</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">8,830</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(336</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td>Other</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(1,411</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(824</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">45</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_iT_pn3n3_mtNIEzYgG_ztLAUlXAR9Td" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">TOTAL</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(25,352</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">7,916</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1,267</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of non-operating income or non-operating expense that may include amounts earned from dividends, interest on securities, gains (losses) on securities sold, equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net gain (loss) on sales of business, interest expense and other miscellaneous income or expense items.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622199648">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock', window );">Components of Income Before Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock_z8zB7Ck5qj1k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
components of income before income taxes are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_zdAoPX8fLcV4" style="display: none">Components of Income Before Income Taxes</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20210801__20220731_zGKT65KNfR37" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20200801__20210731_zeniLVTBKARg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20190801__20200731_zFjM9PHCBMyj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic_pn3n3_maILFCOzB94_z9fhi8c3Fmzc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%">Domestic</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">25,025</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">60,969</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">13,380</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign_pn3n3_maILFCOzB94_zwHJhv38thJ8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Foreign</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">9,858</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">4,255</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">4,338</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_pn3n3_mtILFCOzB94_zXPCaarHLQw" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">34,883</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">65,224</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">17,718</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock', window );">Significant Components of Deferred Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zmbN8SAop2dc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Significant
components of the Company&#8217;s deferred income tax assets consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BC_z8Or6m7DQzba" style="display: none">Significant Components of Deferred Income Taxes</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220731_zsRsM7HbYnGh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210731_zRxp0GB0aWGf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Deferred income tax assets:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_zeSK5PDCX4ba" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%; text-align: left">Bad debt reserve</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">959</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">1,011</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_zD3ll05Sjtm6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,570</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,456</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_z1w7y03wH8E7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Stock options and restricted stock</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">42</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">980</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_z1L1S3bBicRh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Charitable contributions</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">730</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">778</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zY4suVY4v7z" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Depreciation</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(640</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(373</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zolYzzepT0Tl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Unrealized gain</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,895</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,826</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_zDUs7v4BOlu1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Net operating loss</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">40,733</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">49,368</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxDeferredIncome_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zUOM363rwYVg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Deferred revenue</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2698">&#8212;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(352</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtDTAGzZ44_maDTALNzjVU_zfWc5bLOR2Hk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">48,289</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">53,042</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTALNzjVU_zWIRc5KYrOD1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Valuation allowance</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(11,588</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(11,540</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtDTALNzjVU_zK6mhZKA2mb9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">NET DEFERRED INCOME TAX ASSETS</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">36,701</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">41,502</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of (Provision for) Benefits from Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock_zoUaZbH67kQh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
(provision for) benefit from income taxes consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zsCF2yDvxZAa" style="display: none">Schedule of (Provision for) Benefits from Income Taxes</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220731_zYtjYxq3Bqla" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20200801__20210731_z4A0F6vaKLhd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20190801__20200731_zZsOwKaZNTjj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Current:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maCITEBzYVZ_zQANtdZetdz6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Federal</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>(45</b></p></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2713">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2714">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maCITEBzYVZ_zMsU2e8vSaSe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 52%; text-align: left">State and local</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(863</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(512</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(46</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maCITEBzYVZ_zsLRv1mo8uz6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Foreign</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(729</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(811</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(177</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtCITEBzYVZ_maITEBz2xK_zqs0jDNQBZKc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Current</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(1,637</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1,323</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(223</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Deferred:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zOiqM19ucVM6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Federal</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2,596</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">26,408</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">8,345</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zSzvt1lBF53g" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">State and local</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(19</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(57</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">12</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zbW2qKPBWtSc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Foreign</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(1,626</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">6,639</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(4,434</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtDITEBzjME_maITEBz2xK_z34Xa0R0x9la" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(4,241</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">32,990</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,923</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtITEBz2xK_zSN44VCyyEJi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">(PROVISION FOR) BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(5,878</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">31,667</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,700</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Differences Between Income Taxes Expected Federal Statutory Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock_zQrUJu50K9ll" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
differences between income taxes expected at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and income taxes provided are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B7_zBO20eLMzRUh" style="display: none">Schedule of Differences Between Income Taxes Expected Federal Statutory Income Taxes</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210801__20220731_zxZeGZoN6tCi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2022</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20200801__20210731_zdNoVO46USrj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2021</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20190801__20200731_zouXIyCCSMI1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2020</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zTcG20wnAP3l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left">U.S. federal income tax at statutory rate</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7,325</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(13,697</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(3,721</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zZf2BskLqLNi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Valuation allowance</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,147</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">47,862</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15,470</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zkDJDSbAlmPj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Foreign tax rate differential</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(1,059</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(190</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(3,702</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zgRPAJynzzbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Nondeductible expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,044</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(636</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(813</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zWs9AWLX5ru4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Other</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">299</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">88</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseRestructuringCharges_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zqRtwQ4Vo9qg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Foreign restructuring</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(461</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtITEBzt8p_zijLyd46cka1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">(PROVISION FOR) BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">31,667</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SummaryOfValuationAllowanceTextBlock', window );">Summary of Changes in Valuation Allowance</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--SummaryOfValuationAllowanceTextBlock_zmopDutDuWJf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
change in the valuation allowance is as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zJ7nhLMCZC0b" style="display: none">Summary of Changes in Valuation Allowance</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year ended July 31 <br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Balance at<br/> beginning of<br/> year</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Additions<br/> charged to<br/> costs and<br/> expenses</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Deductions</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Balance at<br/> end of year</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from deferred income taxes, net:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; width: 40%; text-align: left">Valuation allowance</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zZ0D22uKDt75" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Balance at beginning of year">11,540</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_c20210801__20220731_pn3n3" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Additions charged to costs and expenses">48</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zX3m34cVXJn6" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Deductions"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2812">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zdPVX5n7zGW1" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Balance at end of year">11,588</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from deferred income taxes, net:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Valuation allowance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_z1SMkkna8nPl" style="text-align: right" title="Balance at beginning of year">58,700</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_c20200801__20210731_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Additions charged to costs and expenses">835</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zmdBE6t1NXOa" style="text-align: right" title="Deductions">(47,995</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iE_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zmYF7KgMWdw" style="text-align: right" title="Balance at end of year">11,540</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">2020</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Reserves deducted from deferred income taxes, net:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Valuation allowance</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zRdDxqVg5RG5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Balance at beginning of year">74,170</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_c20190801__20200731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Additions charged to costs and expenses"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2826">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zhnEsaV3U9Wc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Deductions">(15,470</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iE_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zqP9CNrQxONc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Balance at end of year">58,700</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of income before income tax between domestic and foreign jurisdictions.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(1)(Note 1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of valuation allowances to reduce deferred tax assets to net realizable value, including identification of the deferred tax asset more likely than not will not be fully realized and the corresponding amount of the valuation allowance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SummaryOfValuationAllowanceTextBlock</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622004864">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Stock Option Activity</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_zelKx2nQDiHh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of stock option activity for the Company is as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B4_zcIhD4ru5E77" style="display: none">Schedule of Stock Option Activity</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Number of<br/> Options<br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Exercise<br/> Price</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Remaining<br/> Contractual<br/> Term (in years)</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Aggregate<br/> Intrinsic Value<br/> (in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%">Outstanding at July 31, 2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z1zgLTxiuCa1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Outstanding, Beginning balance">1,035</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731_zk5VMTfO7po1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning balance">14.89</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zGTQtiec8zW9" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Granted"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2892">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20210801__20220731_zFvMdUjAXOG8" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Granted"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2894">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Exercised</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zrCuKjB8Y9r3" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Exercised">(1,010</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_ziaoGtlduVob" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercised">(14.92</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cancelled / Forfeited</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zETHKrhDd6Dd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Cancelled / Forfeited"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2900">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zQAd43EIyJS5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Cancelled / Forfeited"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2902">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">OUTSTANDING AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zD5ILnDgUldb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, outstanding, Ending balance">25</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_z7pdCntjOsJ3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending balance">13.72</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20210801__20220731_zelmpy6IEPV" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Outstanding">2.1</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zKcpsm5wGsEj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding">308</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">EXERCISABLE AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z2zhmAaAPYxj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Exercisable">25</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_zO5jsJPhftR4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercisable">13.72</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_dtY_c20210801__20220731_zmhiwpy8IuA7" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Exercisable">2.1</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zykax7Ng9o1i" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable">308</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_zWq8NEhUIhk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of the status of the Company&#8217;s grants of DSUs is presented below:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B3_zF0o74p7hw4l" style="display: none">Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Number of Non-vested</p>
                                                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">DSUs<br/>
(in thousands)</p></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Weighted-Average</p>
                                                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Grant- Date</p>
                                                                              <p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Fair Value</p></td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Non-vested shares at July 31, 2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zbIVCmDb6lfd" style="width: 14%; text-align: right">154</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731_zuLc5pVcTsKk" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Beginning balance">10.39</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zsjwXzYmiet3" style="text-align: right">4</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pid_c20210801__20220731_zh0jRmKxBMn7" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Granted">6.96</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Vested</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zc8j99G9aa9d" style="text-align: right">(152</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zEKyIWwX29Hd" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Vested">(10.34</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Forfeited</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zDFOFMdH03Q8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(3</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zONLrno3xJk3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Forfeited">(11.19</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">NON-VESTED SHARES AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zMRBV8cHh6i4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_zChbtwi0LTxi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Ending balance">6.96</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zdy1bW7A79u9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
summary of the status of the Company&#8217;s grants of restricted shares of Class B common stock is presented below:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BD_zUcwXyHN7G6k" style="display: none">Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"/><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Number of Non-vested Shares<br/>
(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>Vested</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zxwkSPctm5Rd" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Vested">(198</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zGK67iwsEeW9" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Vested">(5.19</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td>Forfeited</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold">NON-VESTED RESTRICTED SHARES AT JULY 31, 2022</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z1ygXY8neA22" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Ending Balance">3</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zQz8zYYjHXua" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Ending balance">31.80</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure for stock option plans. Includes, but is not limited to, outstanding awards at beginning and end of year, grants, exercises, forfeitures, and weighted-average grant date fair value.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of the number and weighted-average grant date fair value for restricted stock and restricted stock units that were outstanding at the beginning and end of the year, and the number of restricted stock and restricted stock units that were granted, vested, or forfeited during the year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615240448">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>EQUITY:</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
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accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BA_zRxPyfNfrix2" style="display: none">Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Loss</span></span></p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Unrealized<br/> gain (loss) on<br/> available-for-<br/> sale securities</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Foreign<br/> currency<br/> translation</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">Accumulated<br/> other<br/> comprehensive<br/> loss</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%; font-weight: bold">Balance at July 31, 2019</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zhRtgxQmyUJh" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl3049">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zCZ48LaXUeGf" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax">(4,858</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zRthpdpVrI9j" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax">(4,858</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zoeKml9swjl6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax">42</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zFbxJc0sjpA5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax">(2,594</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zcxfkWoO0Zx8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax">(2,552</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold">Balance at July 31, 2020</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zEeWib8nnUR5" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">42</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zdrBsToiE1Ff" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">(7,452</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zp53MCQlGA69" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">(7,410</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zc4RVeOTeTRe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation">(51</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_z6zVlJ2Jbsmi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation">(2,722</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zkEmi7BPaERg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation">(2,773</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold">Balance at July 31, 2021</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zjdeihFAewQl" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance">(9</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zfeJBwWRgWn5" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance">(10,174</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zG2RSRdmRBdj" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance">(10,183</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation">(585</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zpHrJOQOb4xj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">(546</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zX8uTkvPCzy9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">(10,759</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zWxRwyhiDCkf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">(11,305</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450520&amp;loc=d3e32583-110901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32211-110900<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622067072">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - shares<br> shares in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
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<td class="nump">25,791<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,495<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,278<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants', window );">Stock options</a></td>
<td class="nump">434<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">229<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends', window );">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">131<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">329<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">162<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Diluted weighted-average number of shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,356<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,053<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,441<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Additional shares included in the calculation of diluted EPS as a result of the potentially dilutive effect of call options and warrants using the treasury stock method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 26<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1828-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1757-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1707-109256<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of additional shares included in diluted EPS for potentially dilutive effect of nonvested equity-based payment award containing forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, whether paid or unpaid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 68B<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=SL5498026-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1500-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1707-109256<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1757-109256<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1505-109256<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618516752">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Outstanding Stock Options Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - shares<br> shares in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">535<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,138<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>69
<FILENAME>R56.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622264320">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Changes In Allowance For Doubtful Accounts (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent', window );">Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,438<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,085<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,444<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts', window );">Allowance for doubtful accounts, Additions charged to costs and expenses</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,330<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,782<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,109<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs', window );">Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(886)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,429)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,468)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent', window );">Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,882<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,438<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,085<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Primarily uncollectible
accounts written off, net of recoveries.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of allowance for credit loss on accounts receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123577603&amp;loc=d3e5074-111524<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124255206&amp;loc=SL82895884-210446<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(4))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of direct write-downs of accounts receivable charged against the allowance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124255953&amp;loc=SL82919249-210447<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense (reversal of expense) for expected credit loss on accounts receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124255953&amp;loc=SL82919249-210447<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>70
<FILENAME>R57.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615115632">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense', window );">Advertising expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 17.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15.3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15.7<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1', window );">Amortization expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">12.2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12.6<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14.6<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet', window );">Unamortized capital expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 18.7<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 16.7<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage', window );">Tax position ultimate settlement, percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember', window );">Revenue Benchmark [Member] | Customer Concentration Risk [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage', window );">Concentration risk threshold percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">12.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12.70%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember', window );">Accounts Receivable [Member] | Customer Concentration Risk [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage', window );">Concentration risk threshold percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">17.30%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9.70%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_EquipmentMember', window );">Equipment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets</a></td>
<td class="text">7 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=IDT_ComputerSoftwareMember', window );">Computer Software [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember', window );">Furniture and Fixtures [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets</a></td>
<td class="text">7 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember', window );">Software and Software Development Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription', window );">Internal use software policy description</a></td>
<td class="text">The
Company capitalizes the cost of internal-use software that has a useful life in excess of one year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member] | Equipment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member] | Computer Software [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member] | Furniture and Fixtures [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member] | Equipment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets</a></td>
<td class="text">20 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member] | Computer Software [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member] | Furniture and Fixtures [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets</a></td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Concentration risk threshold percentage.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Income tax uncertainties policy largest amount of benefit greater than percentage.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Internal use software policy description.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount charged to advertising expense for the period, which are expenses incurred with the objective of increasing revenue for a specified brand, product or product line.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 720<br> -SubTopic 35<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6420018&amp;loc=d3e36677-107848<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense for amortization of capitalized computer software costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 985<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6501960&amp;loc=d3e128462-111756<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 985<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6501960&amp;loc=d3e128487-111756<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The carrying amount of capitalized computer software costs net of accumulated amortization as of the balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 985<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6501960&amp;loc=d3e128462-111756<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Useful life of long lived, physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Examples include, but not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis=us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis=us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_EquipmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_EquipmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=IDT_ComputerSoftwareMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=IDT_ComputerSoftwareMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>71
<FILENAME>R58.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622115840">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,364,057<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,446,990<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,345,769<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income (loss) from operations</a></td>
<td class="nump">60,089<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56,990<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,942<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(18,115)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(17,764)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(20,406)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">108,764<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">74,344<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">59,924<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income (loss) from operations</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,315<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,462)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,381<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,724)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,751)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,524)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">58,185<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">44,502<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,454<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income (loss) from operations</a></td>
<td class="num">(11,132)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(15,460)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(16,765)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,374)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,053)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,147)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,197,108<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,328,144<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,253,391<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income (loss) from operations</a></td>
<td class="nump">74,832<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">81,305<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,985<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(9,940)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,884)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(14,689)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateMember', window );">Corporate Segment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income (loss) from operations</a></td>
<td class="num">(8,926)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,393)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,659)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (77)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (76)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (46)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current period expense charged against earnings on long-lived, physical assets not used in production, and which are not intended for resale, to allocate or recognize the cost of such assets over their useful lives; or to record the reduction in book value of an intangible asset over the benefit period of such asset; or to reflect consumption during the period of an asset that is not used in production.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616432464">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Net Long-lived Assets and Total Assets by Geographic Areas (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Long-lived assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 36,866<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 30,829<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">497,094<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">512,655<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US', window );">UNITED STATES</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Long-lived assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">22,732<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,949<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">254,839<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">228,328<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OtherCountriesMember', window );">Other Countries [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Long-lived assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">14,134<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,880<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 242,255<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 284,327<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124429447&amp;loc=SL124453093-239630<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OtherCountriesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OtherCountriesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622260416">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Segment Information (Details Narrative)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Jul. 31, 2022 </div>
<div>Integer</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments', window );">Number of Reportable Segments</a></td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of segments reported by the entity. A reportable segment is a component of an entity for which there is an accounting requirement to report separate financial information on that component in the entity's financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8672-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:integerItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615017296">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,364,057<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,446,990<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,345,769<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">108,764<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">74,344<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">59,924<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">58,185<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">44,502<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,454<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,197,108<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,328,144<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,253,391<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember', window );">BOSS Revolution Money Transfer [Member] | Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">57,464<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">49,595<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">47,944<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember', window );">National Retail Solutions [Member] | Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">51,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,749<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,980<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_MobileTopUpMember', window );">Mobile Top-Up [Member] | Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">473,213<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">461,603<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">334,424<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember', window );">BOSS Revolution Calling [Member] | Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">387,936<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">455,244<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">468,255<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTGlobalMember', window );">IDT Global [Member] | Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">292,337<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">360,996<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">394,334<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_OtherMember', window );">Other [Member] | Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 43,622<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 50,301<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 56,378<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">311,847<span></span>
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<td class="nump">241,590<span></span>
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<td class="nump">131,716<span></span>
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<tr class="rh">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
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<td class="nump">30<span></span>
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<td class="nump">28<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">78,824<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">390,701<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">315,739<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">420,419<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">108,764<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">74,344<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">59,924<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member] | UNITED STATES</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">106,768<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">74,344<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">59,924<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member] | UNITED KINGDOM</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member] | NETHERLANDS</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member] | Others [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,996<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member] | Non-US [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,996<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">58,185<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">44,502<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,454<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member] | UNITED STATES</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">30,105<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,093<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,506<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member] | UNITED KINGDOM</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member] | NETHERLANDS</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">30<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member] | Others [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,050<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,381<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,922<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member] | Non-US [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,080<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,409<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,948<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,197,108<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,328,144<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,253,391<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member] | UNITED STATES</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">836,483<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,033,814<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">849,920<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member] | UNITED KINGDOM</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">311,847<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">241,590<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">131,704<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member] | NETHERLANDS</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">210,729<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member] | Others [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">48,778<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">52,740<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">61,038<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 360,625<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 294,330<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 403,471<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616236112">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
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<td class="nump">3,469<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,151<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,554<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,611<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905575&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer; classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905575&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer; classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905575&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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</html>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616235952">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized', window );">Contract liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 28.2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 28.7<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 32.3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization', window );">Capitalized contract cost, amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4.4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.6<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.4<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization expense for asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905575&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized that was previously included in balance of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration from customer has been received or is due.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</div>
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</html>
</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>78
<FILENAME>R65.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616220048">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost', window );">Operating lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,901<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,824<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,832<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost', window );">Short-term lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,348<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">620<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">246<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseCost', window );">TOTAL LEASE COST</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,249<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,444<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,078<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments', window );">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,857<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,779<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,745<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lease cost recognized by lessee for lease contract.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of single lease cost, calculated by allocation of remaining cost of lease over remaining lease term. Includes, but is not limited to, single lease cost, after impairment of right-of-use asset, calculated by amortization of remaining right-of-use asset and accretion of lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow from operating lease, excluding payments to bring another asset to condition and location necessary for its intended use.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918643-209977<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of short-term lease cost, excluding expense for lease with term of one month or less.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611661984">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1', window );">Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years 9 months 18 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">3 years 4 months 24 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent', window );">Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent</a></td>
<td class="nump">3.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2.90%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average discount rate for operating lease calculated at point in time.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(4)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining lease term for operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</div>
</body>
</html>
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<TYPE>XML
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499620003824">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Operating lease liabilities included in &#8220;Other current liabilities&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,899<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,456<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,606<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,473<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,505<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,929<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<TYPE>XML
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616430640">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths', window );">2023</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,088<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo', window );">2024</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,502<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree', window );">2025</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,872<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour', window );">2026</a></td>
<td class="nump">194<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive', window );">2027</a></td>
<td class="nump">141<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive', window );">Thereafter</a></td>
<td class="nump">48<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue', window );">Total lease payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,845<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount', window );">Less imputed interest</a></td>
<td class="num">(340)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Total operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,505<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,929<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due after fifth rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in fifth rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in fourth rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in third rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in second rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in next rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments in excess of discounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621950256">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost', window );">Incurred lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,901<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,824<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,832<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Operating lease liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember', window );">Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost', window );">Incurred lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeographicDistributionAxis=IDT_NewarkMember', window );">Newark [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription', window );">Lessee, Operating Lease, Description</a></td>
<td class="text">The
Newark lease expires in April 2025 and the Israel lease expires in July 2025.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract', window );">Lessee, operating lease, term of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract', window );">Lessee, operating lease, term of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">6 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of lessee's operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918673-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Term of lessee's operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918673-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of single lease cost, calculated by allocation of remaining cost of lease over remaining lease term. Includes, but is not limited to, single lease cost, after impairment of right-of-use asset, calculated by amortization of remaining right-of-use asset and accretion of lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for operating lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GeographicDistributionAxis=IDT_NewarkMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GeographicDistributionAxis=IDT_NewarkMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615246288">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 98,352<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 107,147<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">91,210<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">119,769<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">TOTAL CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 189,562<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 226,916<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 201,222<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 257,199<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499619911088">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 91,210<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 119,769<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value</a></td>
<td class="nump">98,352<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">107,147<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember', window );">IDT Financial Services Limited [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current</a></td>
<td class="nump">86,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">115,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember', window );">IDT Payment Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 17,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td>debit</td>
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<td>instant</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615265648">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 03, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 01, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 15, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 03, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,552<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,673<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 450<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Cash paid</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition', window );">Cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="num">(81)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,119<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred', window );">Future payments subject to holdback</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,158<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Contingent consideration</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,361<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,638<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember', window );">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Cash paid</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition', window );">Cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(167)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">333<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Contingent consideration</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,330<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,663<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember', window );">Sochitel UK Ltd. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Cash paid</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,732<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition', window );">Cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(344)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,388<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Contingent consideration</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">393<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,781<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of consideration transferred, consisting of acquisition-date fair value of assets transferred by the acquirer, liabilities incurred by the acquirer, and equity interest issued by the acquirer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6613-128477<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6578-128477<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities incurred by the acquirer as part of consideration transferred in a business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6578-128477<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6911189&amp;loc=d3e6405-128476<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6613-128477<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability recognized arising from contingent consideration in a business combination, expected to be settled beyond one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6911189&amp;loc=d3e6408-128476<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph b<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966325&amp;loc=d3e6819-128478<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow associated with the acquisition of business during the period (for example, cash that was held by the acquired business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3179-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of business during the period. The cash portion only of the acquisition price.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of a business, net of the cash acquired from the purchase.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued pursuant to acquisitions during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611928080">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 03, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 01, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 03, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 26,380<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,897<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,858<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,209<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables', window );">Trade accounts receivable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 332<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets', window );">Prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Property, plant, and equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">777<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,433<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships', window );">Customer relationships (15-year useful life)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,230<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles', window );">Tradenames (20-year useful life)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements', window );">Non-compete agreements (6-year useful lives)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">660<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating lease right-of-use asset</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">732<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets', window );">Other assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(243)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Operating lease liability current portion</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(176)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating lease liability noncurrent portion</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(556)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet', window );">Net assets acquired excluding cash</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,638<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember', window );">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets', window );">Current assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 9<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Property, plant, and equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">324<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,199<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles', window );">Tradenames (20-year useful life)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">131<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet', window );">Net assets acquired excluding cash</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,663<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember', window );">Sochitel UK Ltd. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables', window );">Trade accounts receivable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 656<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets', window );">Prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,644<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Property, plant, and equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">75<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships', window );">Customer relationships (15-year useful life)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,960<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles', window );">Tradenames (20-year useful life)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">440<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets', window );">Other assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets', window );">Deferred income tax assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">197<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable', window );">Trade accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,306)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther', window );">Other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(329)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(423)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue', window );">Noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,188)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet', window );">Net assets acquired excluding cash</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,781<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed current liabilities, accrued liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed Customer relationships.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed liabilities other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed non-complete agreements</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed operating lease liability current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed operating lease liability noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed operating lease right of use asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This element represents the fair value of the noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other assets expected to be realized or consumed before one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits in future periods, and amount of other assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount due from customers or clients for goods or services, including trade receivables, that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, and amounts due from others, including related parties expected to be converted to cash, sold or exchanged within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities incurred for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business and related party payables, assumed at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of identifiable intangible assets recognized as of the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 37<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123455525&amp;loc=d3e2207-128464<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other assets expected to be realized or consumed after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of property, plant, and equipment recognized as of the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 37<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123455525&amp;loc=d3e2207-128464<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount recognized for assets, including goodwill, in excess of (less than) the aggregate liabilities assumed.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(10)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122137925&amp;loc=d3e14258-109268<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(15))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611840336">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details) (Parenthetical)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 03, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 01, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 03, 2020</div></th>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member] | Customer Relationships [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life</a></td>
<td class="text">7 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member] | Trade Names [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member] | Noncompete Agreements [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life</a></td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember', window );">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member] | Trade Names [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life</a></td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember', window );">Sochitel UK Ltd. [Member] | Customer Relationships [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life</a></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611186224">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Acquisitions (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 03, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 01, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 15, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 22, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 03, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1', window );">Write-off of contingent consideration</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(303,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember', window );">Noncontrolling Interest [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember', window );">Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,638,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Purchase price</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,158,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member] | Net2phone 2.0, Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Purchase price</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription', window );">Contingent consideration, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">contingent consideration of up to $3.5 million based on annual cumulative incremental recurring
seat revenue of the net2phone segment over a four-year period, payable in cash and/or equity at net2phone 2.0&#8217;s discretion.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh', window );">Payment on contigent consideration</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member] | Net2phone 2.0, Inc [Member] | Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,765<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember', window );">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,663,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Purchase price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember', window );">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1', window );">Write-off of contingent consideration</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,600,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember', window );">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member] | IDT International Telecom, Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,050,000.00<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Purchase price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription', window );">Contingent consideration, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">contingent consideration of up to $5.5 million based on annual gross profit over a five-year period<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh', window );">Payment on contigent consideration</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember', window );">Sochitel UK Ltd. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,781,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Purchase price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,732,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription', window );">Contingent consideration, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The
contingent consideration of $0.5 million will be paid no later than November 30, 2022 if Sochitel meets an EBITDA threshold between October
1, 2021 and September 30, 2022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh', window );">Payment on contigent consideration</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired', window );">Business acquired percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">51.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice', window );">Option of shares value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability', window );">Contingent consideration</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue', window );">Fair value of contingent consideration</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity', window );">Reduction in noncontrolling interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther', window );">Reduction in additional paid in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember', window );">Sochitel UK Ltd. [Member] | Noncontrolling Interest [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction', window );">Purchase of option shares reduction</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember', window );">Sochitel UK Ltd. [Member] | Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction', window );">Purchase of option shares reduction</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 21,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember', window );">Sochitel UK Ltd. [Member] | Put/Call Option Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired', window );">Business acquired percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination contingent consideration liability fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Reduction in noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exercise price of the open option contracts written on the investment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Purchase of option shares reduction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other increase (decrease) in additional paid in capital (APIC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of voting equity interests acquired at the acquisition date in the business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=79982066&amp;loc=d3e1392-128463<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of consideration transferred, consisting of acquisition-date fair value of assets transferred by the acquirer, liabilities incurred by the acquirer, and equity interest issued by the acquirer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6613-128477<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6578-128477<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities incurred by the acquirer as part of consideration transferred in a business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6578-128477<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6911189&amp;loc=d3e6405-128476<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6613-128477<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in the value of a contingent consideration liability, including, but not limited to, differences arising upon settlement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e7008-128479<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For contingent consideration arrangements recognized in connection with a business combination, this element represents a description of such arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For contingent consideration arrangements recognized in connection with a business combination, this element represents an estimate of the high-end of the potential range (undiscounted) of the consideration which may be paid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability recognized arising from contingent consideration in a business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966325&amp;loc=d3e6819-128478<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6911189&amp;loc=d3e6408-128476<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of business during the period. The cash portion only of the acquisition price.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of stock issued during the period pursuant to acquisitions.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued pursuant to acquisitions during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_SochitelUKLtdMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OptionIndexedToIssuersEquityTypeAxis=IDT_PutCallOptionAgreementMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615140608">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 22,849<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">41<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(547)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(50)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">22,303<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember', window );">Certificates of Deposit [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(14)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,986<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,203<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember', window );">US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">13,848<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,669<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(114)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(17)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">13,734<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,652<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember', window );">Corporate Bond Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">3,966<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,327<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">38<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(416)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(33)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">3,551<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,332<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember', window );">Municipal Bonds [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">3,035<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,825<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(3)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,032<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,825<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Each
    of the certificates of deposit held by the Company has a CUSIP, was purchased in the secondary market through a broker and may be
    sold in the secondary market.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before tax, of unrealized gain in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before tax, of unrealized loss in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amortized cost of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124258926&amp;loc=SL82898722-210454<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(6))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124258926&amp;loc=SL82898722-210454<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124260329&amp;loc=d3e26610-111562<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (aa)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622006304">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesTradingAndAvailableForSaleAbstract', window );"><strong>Debt Securities, Trading and Available-for-Sale [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue', window );">Within one year</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,374<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue', window );">After one year through five years</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,729<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue', window );">After five years through ten years</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,634<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue', window );">After ten years</a></td>
<td class="nump">566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 22,303<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing in sixth through tenth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27198-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980459&amp;loc=SL120269850-112803<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing in second through fifth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27198-111563<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980459&amp;loc=SL120269850-112803<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing after tenth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980459&amp;loc=SL120269850-112803<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27198-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing in next fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980459&amp;loc=SL120269850-112803<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27198-111563<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(6))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124258926&amp;loc=SL82898722-210454<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124260329&amp;loc=d3e26610-111562<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (aa)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615044624">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 547<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 50<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,646<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,945<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember', window );">Certificates of Deposit [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">14<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,986<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember', window );">US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">114<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,734<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,652<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember', window );">Corporate Bond Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">416<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,514<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,293<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember', window );">Municipal Bonds [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,412<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in unrealized loss position without allowance for credit loss.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27290-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124269663&amp;loc=SL82922888-210455<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590138&amp;loc=SL82922954-210456<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated unrealized loss on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in unrealized loss position, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27290-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124269663&amp;loc=SL82922888-210455<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<FILENAME>R79.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622061168">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer (Details)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jul. 31, 2022 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 306<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,623<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember', window );">US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">72<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer</a></td>
<td class="nump">892<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember', window );">Corporate Bond Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">234<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,731<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124269663&amp;loc=SL82922890-210455<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27337-111563<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590138&amp;loc=SL82922954-210456<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated unrealized loss on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27337-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124269663&amp;loc=SL82922890-210455<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621524064">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt Securities (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesTradingAndAvailableForSaleAbstract', window );"><strong>Debt Securities, Trading and Available-for-Sale [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities', window );">Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 21.2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 26.2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6.5<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesTradingAndAvailableForSaleAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from sale, maturity, prepayment and call of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3151-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3179-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124260329&amp;loc=d3e26853-111562<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>94
<FILENAME>R81.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611175968">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 17,091<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 42,434<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,426<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,654<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember', window );">Other Marketable Equity Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,089<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,630<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_MutualFundMember', window );">Mutual Fund [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,299<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,467<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember', window );">Hedge Funds [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,238<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,563<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember', window );">Other Investments [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">825<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,725<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Zedge Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">117<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">649<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">586<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,479<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember', window );">Restricted Common Class B [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,209<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember', window );">Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] | Visa Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,132<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,465<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember', window );">Series A Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] | Visa Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,230<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember', window );">Series B and Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,901<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI), classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(2))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123594786&amp;loc=SL75136599-209740<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount of investments that are intended to be held for an extended period of time (longer than one operating cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(12))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_MutualFundMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_MutualFundMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_ZedgeIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_ZedgeIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_VisaIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_VisaIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622188416">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) (Parenthetical) - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Zedge Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived', window );">Number of related party shares received</a></td>
<td class="nump">42,282<span></span>
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<td class="nump">42,282<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived', window );">Number of related party shares received</a></td>
<td class="nump">290,214<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">246,565<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember', window );">Restricted Common Class B [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived', window );">Number of related party shares received</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,649<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of related party shares received.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_ZedgeIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_ZedgeIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>96
<FILENAME>R83.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611003664">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount', window );">Balance, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,743<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,109<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,919<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment', window );">Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,230)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,870)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer', window );">Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer</a></td>
<td class="num">(103)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">510<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">206<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount', window );">Upward adjustments</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount', window );">Redemptions</a></td>
<td class="num">(9)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(19)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount', window );">Impairments</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount', window );">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,401<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,743<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,109<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Redemptions Amount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117539-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of impairment loss on investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117539-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain from upward price adjustment on investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117539-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>97
<FILENAME>R84.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615167744">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss', window );">Net (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (19,248)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,830<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (336)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed', window );">Less: net gains recognized during the period on equity investments redeemed during the period</a></td>
<td class="nump">10<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,090<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss', window );">Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date</a></td>
<td class="num">(19,258)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,740<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(336)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Rafael Class B Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss', window );">Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date</a></td>
<td class="num">(14,101)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,291<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(195)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Zedge Class B Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss', window );">Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (533)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 591<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (9)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of recognized unrealized gain (loss) net on equity securities redeemed (FV-NI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrealized and realized gain (loss) on investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117546-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrealized gain (loss) on investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(3)(d))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117546-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615105056">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentsLineItems', window );"><strong>Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Equity in the net loss of investee</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,951)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,099)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember', window );">Equity Method Investee [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentsLineItems', window );"><strong>Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments', window );">Balance, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,901<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Equity in the net loss of investee</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,224)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(816)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference', window );">Amortization of equity method basis difference</a></td>
<td class="num">(727)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(283)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments', window );">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,901<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amortization of equity method basis difference.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This item represents the carrying amount on the entity's balance sheet of its investment in common stock of an equity method investee. This is not an indicator of the fair value of the investment, rather it is the initial cost adjusted for the entity's share of earnings and losses of the investee, adjusted for any distributions (dividends) and other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237563&amp;loc=d3e33749-111570<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(10))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8813-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) for proportionate share of equity method investee's income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(12))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(10))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(13)(f))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237563&amp;loc=d3e33749-111570<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the purchase of or advances to an equity method investments, which are investments in joint ventures and entities in which the entity has an equity ownership interest normally of 20 to 50 percent and exercises significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616628384">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Statements of Operations (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentsLineItems', window );"><strong>Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 362,627<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 388,135<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(305,072)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(339,334)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,364,057<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,446,990<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,345,769<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative</a></td>
<td class="nump">250,481<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">218,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">214,846<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">TOTAL COSTS AND EXPENSES</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,303,142<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,390,731<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,322,764<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">LOSS FROM OPERATIONS</a></td>
<td class="nump">60,089<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56,990<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,942<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Other (expense) income, net</a></td>
<td class="num">(25,352)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,916<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,267)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">NET LOSS</a></td>
<td class="nump">29,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">96,891<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 21,418<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember', window );">Equity Method Investee [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentsLineItems', window );"><strong>Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,911<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsNoncurrent', window );">Noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,462<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,549<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(11,480)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,041)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(50)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">REVENUES</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,889<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,898<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Direct cost of revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,451<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,937<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,834<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,388<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">TOTAL COSTS AND EXPENSES</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,285<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,325<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">LOSS FROM OPERATIONS</a></td>
<td class="num">(7,396)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,427)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Other (expense) income, net</a></td>
<td class="num">(342)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">101<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">NET LOSS</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (7,738)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,326)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold or consumed after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cost of product sold and service rendered, excluding depreciation, depletion, and amortization.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(2)(a))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(2)(d))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124433192&amp;loc=SL2890621-112765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation due after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 201.5-02(25))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
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210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 42<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e9054-108599<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentsLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentsLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615595136">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity Investments (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
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<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 10, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 02, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 28, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 15, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 07, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 24, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities', window );">Proceeds from sale of common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 21,157<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 26,230<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,457<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount', window );">Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Upward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity', window );">Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment', window );">Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity, Accounting Treatment</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">These basis differences are being amortized over the
6-year estimated life of the customer list<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember', window );">Equity Method Investee [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount', window );">Receivable with Imputed Interest, Face Amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate', window );">Receivable with Imputed Interest, Effective Yield (Interest Rate)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates', window );">Receivable with imputed interest due dates</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Feb.  03,  2023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Feb.  01,  2023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember', window );">Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue', window );">Investment Owned, at Fair Value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember', window );">Unrestricted Common Class B of Rafael Holdings Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived', window );">Related party shares received</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,320<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Class B Common Stock [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares', window );">Owned shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">218,245<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">261,894<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,649<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">218,245<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,649<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 22.91<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue', window );">Investment Owned, at Fair Value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare', window );">Shares Issued, Price Per Share</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 22.91<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Warrants Class B Common Stock [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue', window );">Investment Owned, at Fair Value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonMember', window );">Class B Common [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,649<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants', window );">Class of warrant, exercise price of warrants</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember', window );">Visa Series C Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares', window );">Owned shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,830<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion', window );">Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Issued upon Conversion</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13.722<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount', window );">Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Downward Price Adjustment Annual Amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount', window );">Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Upward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember', window );">Visa Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares', window );">Owned shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">125<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">125<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion', window );">Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Issued upon Conversion</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3.645<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6.861<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember', window );">Visa Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member] | Visa Class A Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares', window );">Owned shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities', window );">Proceeds from sale of common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember', window );">Series B Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] | Equity Method Investee [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23.95%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember', window );">Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] | Equity Method Investee [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">26.57%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Class of warrant or right total exercise price of warrants.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of related party shares received.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exercise price per share or per unit of warrants or rights outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21475-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of securities into which the class of warrant or right may be converted. For example, but not limited to, 500,000 warrants may be converted into 1,000,000 shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21475-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares issued for each share of convertible preferred stock that is converted.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(27))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21475-112644<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=SL123496180-112644<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21506-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Difference between amount at which an investment accounted for under the equity method of accounting is carried (reported) on the balance sheet and amount of underlying equity in net assets the reporting Entity has in the investee.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the accounting treatment for the difference between the amount at which an investment accounted for under the equity method of accounting is reported on the balance sheet and the amount of underlying equity in net assets the reporting entity has in the investee.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The percentage of ownership of common stock or equity participation in the investee accounted for under the equity method of accounting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of loss from downward price adjustment on investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117539-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain from upward price adjustment on investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117539-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of the investment at close of period. For schedules of investments that are categorized, the value would be aggregated by category. For investment in and advances to affiliates, if operations of any controlled companies are different in character from those of the company, group such affiliates within divisions and by type of activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99383244&amp;loc=d3e12121-115841<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 5D<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-13D(Column C))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122147990&amp;loc=SL120429264-123010<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-12B(Column C))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122147990&amp;loc=d3e611197-123010<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Balance held at close of period in number of shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99383244&amp;loc=d3e12121-115841<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-12B(Column B))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122147990&amp;loc=d3e611197-123010<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the purchase of or advances to an equity method investments, which are investments in joint ventures and entities in which the entity has an equity ownership interest normally of 20 to 50 percent and exercises significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow associated with the aggregate amount received by the entity through sale or maturity of marketable securities (held-to-maturity or available-for-sale) during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the receivable or note with imputed interest is due, in YYYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124435984&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Yield on the receivable, on which interest has been imputed, as calculated from its issuance value or purchase price. The calculated effective interest rate considers factors such as the issued face value or price paid for the receivable, the time period between payments, and the time until maturity [full receipt] of the receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124435984&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124429444&amp;loc=SL124452920-239629<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The principal amount of the receivable or note before consideration of the discount or premium.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124435984&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124429444&amp;loc=SL124452920-239629<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share or per unit amount of equity securities issued.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis=IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis=IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>101
<FILENAME>R88.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611792080">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 22,303<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember', window );">Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="nump">22,303<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset', window );">Equity investments included in current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,091<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,434<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets', window );">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,362<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,465<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">41,756<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,911<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,578)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(628)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,968)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(397)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(8,546)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,025)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member', window );">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,734<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,652<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset', window );">Equity investments included in current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,091<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,225<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets', window );">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">30,825<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">41,877<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member', window );">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,569<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,360<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset', window );">Equity investments included in current assets</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,209<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets', window );">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,230<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,799<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,569<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member', window );">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset', window );">Equity investments included in current assets</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets', window );">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,132<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,465<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,132<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,465<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,578)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(628)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,968)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(397)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (8,546)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,025)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Contingent consideration included in other liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity investments included in current assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity investments included in noncurrent assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(6))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124258926&amp;loc=SL82898722-210454<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124260329&amp;loc=d3e26610-111562<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (aa)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability recognized arising from contingent consideration in a business combination, expected to be settled within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6911189&amp;loc=d3e6408-128476<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph b<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966325&amp;loc=d3e6819-128478<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability recognized arising from contingent consideration in a business combination, expected to be settled beyond one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6911189&amp;loc=d3e6408-128476<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph b<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966325&amp;loc=d3e6819-128478<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value portion of investment securities, including, but not limited to, marketable securities, derivative financial instruments, and investments accounted for under the equity method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499619773280">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue', window );">Balance, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,465<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,825<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,619<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant', window );">Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">354<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant', window );">Exercise of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(380)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment', window );">Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,230)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,870)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1', window );">Total (losses) gains included in &#8220;Other (expense) income, net&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="num">(103)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">536<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">206<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue', window );">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,132<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,465<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,825<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod', window );">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of change in unrealized gains or losses included in earnings for assets held at end of period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exercise of rafael holdings inc warrant.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant</td>
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<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Purchase of Rafael Holdings Inc warrant.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income from asset measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of financial instrument classified as an asset measured using unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue</td>
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<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611686384">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue', window );">Balance, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 396<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition', window );">Transfer into Level 3 from acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,849<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">628<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">375<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInEarnings', window );">&#8220;Other operating (expense) gain, net&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="num">(303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome', window );">&#8220;Foreign currency translation adjustments&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="num">(25)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue', window );">BALANCE, END OF PERIOD</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,546<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">396<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod', window );">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities at the end of the period</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of change in unrealized gains or losses included in earnings for liabilities held at end of period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value measurement with unobservable inputs reconciliation recurring basis liabilities transfers into Level three from acquisition.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income from liability measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInEarnings</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI) from liability measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of financial instrument classified as a liability measured using unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td>instant</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618391216">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds', window );">Investment in hedge funds</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.6<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Investment in hedge funds.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611777568">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross', window );">Equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 40,811<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 50,039<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross', window );">Computer software</a></td>
<td class="nump">156,258<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">141,978<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseholdImprovementsGross', window );">Leasehold improvements</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,874<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,727<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesGross', window );">Furniture and fixtures</a></td>
<td class="nump">681<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">588<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">199,624<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">194,332<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Less accumulated depreciation</a></td>
<td class="num">(162,758)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(163,503)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Net</a></td>
<td class="nump">36,866<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,829<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=IDT_TelephoneEquipmentMember', window );">Telephone Equipment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,844<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,438<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Less accumulated depreciation</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,129)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,071)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Net</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,715<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,367<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization for physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before accumulated amortization of capitalized costs for computer software, including but not limited to, acquired and internally developed computer software.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 985<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6501960&amp;loc=d3e128462-111756<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before accumulated depreciation of equipment commonly used in offices and stores that have no permanent connection to the structure of a building or utilities. Examples include, but are not limited to, desks, chairs, tables, and bookcases.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before accumulated depreciation of additions or improvements to assets held under a lease arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before accumulated depreciation of tangible personal property used to produce goods and services, including, but is not limited to, tools, dies and molds, computer and office equipment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124429447&amp;loc=SL124453093-239630<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>106
<FILENAME>R93.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622060880">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Property, Plant, and Equipment (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals', window );">Disposal of property, plant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 17.4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 23.9<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Depreciation', window );">Depreciation expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">16.8<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17.1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 20.0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=IDT_TelephoneEquipmentMember', window );">Telephone Equipment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Depreciation', window );">Depreciation expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.6<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Depreciation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives. Includes production and non-production related depreciation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Depreciation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of divestiture of long-lived, physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=IDT_TelephoneEquipmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=IDT_TelephoneEquipmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>107
<FILENAME>R94.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616309264">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Change in Carrying Amount of Goodwill by Operating Segment (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems', window );"><strong>Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Balance at beginning</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,897<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,858<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,209<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod', window );">Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,632<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,437<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(541)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">212<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments', window );">Adjustment</a></td>
<td class="nump">392<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Balance at end</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,380<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,897<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,858<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems', window );"><strong>Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Balance at beginning</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod', window );">Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,199<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustments</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments', window );">Adjustment</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Balance at end</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,199<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems', window );"><strong>Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Balance at beginning</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,523<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,519<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod', window );">Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,433<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,437<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(213)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">82<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments', window );">Adjustment</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Balance at end</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,743<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,523<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,519<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems', window );"><strong>Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Balance at beginning</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,374<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,339<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,209<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod', window );">Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(328)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">130<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments', window );">Adjustment</a></td>
<td class="nump">392<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Balance at end</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,438<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,374<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,339<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Goodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(10)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122137925&amp;loc=d3e14258-109268<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(15))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized resulting from a business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122137925&amp;loc=d3e14258-109268<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of foreign currency translation gain (loss) which increases (decreases) an asset representing future economic benefits from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) from adjustments after acquisition date under purchase accounting of an asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123586518&amp;loc=d3e961-128460<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611902736">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Company's Amortized Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems', window );"><strong>Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life</a></td>
<td class="text">8 years 2 months 12 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">11 years 4 months 24 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Gross Carrying Amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,386<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,222<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated Amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,777)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,644)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Net Balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,609<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,578<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TradeNamesMember', window );">Trade Names [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems', window );"><strong>Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life</a></td>
<td class="text">11 years 4 months 24 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">13 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Gross Carrying Amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,480<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,080<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated Amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(700)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(506)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Net Balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,780<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,574<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember', window );">Noncompete Agreements [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems', window );"><strong>Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years 6 months<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">4 years 10 months 24 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Gross Carrying Amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,316<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 680<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated Amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(549)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(380)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Net Balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 767<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember', window );">Customer Relationships [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems', window );"><strong>Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life</a></td>
<td class="text">7 years 9 months 18 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">11 years 6 months<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Gross Carrying Amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,590<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,462<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated Amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,528)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,758)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Net Balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,062<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,704<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average amortization period of finite-lived intangible assets acquired either individually or as part of a group of assets, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16265-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated amount of amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(16))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 928<br> -SubTopic 340<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6473545&amp;loc=d3e61844-108004<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 926<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120154696&amp;loc=d3e54445-107959<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TradeNamesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TradeNamesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611773616">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Intangible Assets (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets', window );">Amortization of Intangible Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.7<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.4<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths', window );">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year One</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.5<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo', window );">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Two</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree', window );">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Three</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour', window );">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Four</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive', window );">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Five</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense charged against earnings to allocate the cost of intangible assets (nonphysical assets not used in production) in a systematic and rational manner to the periods expected to benefit from such assets. As a noncash expense, this element is added back to net income when calculating cash provided by or used in operations using the indirect method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16225-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with finite life expected to be recognized in next fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with finite life expected to be recognized in fifth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with finite life expected to be recognized in fourth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with finite life expected to be recognized in third fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with finite life expected to be recognized in second fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499624124672">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">2 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount', window );">Net income of the VIE</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 54<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 248<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity', window );">Aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 8<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (94)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Variable interest entity aggregate funding repaid to provided by reporting entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Variable interest entity net income losst amount</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>111
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616519200">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems', window );"><strong>Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 98,352<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 107,147<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Trade accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">64,315<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46,644<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,526<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,694<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">30,773<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,779<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property, plant, and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">36,866<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,829<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Other intangibles, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,609<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,578<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">TOTAL ASSETS</a></td>
<td class="nump">497,094<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">512,655<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Trade accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">29,080<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,502<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">117,109<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">129,085<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">36,588<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,930<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(11,305)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,183)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (7,410)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (4,858)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,750<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS</a></td>
<td class="nump">497,094<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">512,655<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember', window );">Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems', window );"><strong>Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,808<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,364<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent', window );">Restricted cash</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,490<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,848<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Trade accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">31<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">91<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">14<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">344<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,387<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">858<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due from the Company</a></td>
<td class="nump">86<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property, plant, and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">637<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Other intangibles, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">889<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,042<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">TOTAL ASSETS</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,172<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,184<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Trade accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">312<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">20<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,559<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,491<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent', window );">Due to the Company</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(9)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,602<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,354<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,172<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,184<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(4))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(3))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(ii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e681-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI 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-Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name 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-SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123419778&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116870748&amp;loc=SL6758485-165988<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(18))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of receivables to be collected from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth, at the financial statement date. which are usually due within one year (or one business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(C))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3)(a)(2))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(k)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Portion of the carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties that is payable after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(k)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.23)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(C))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123596393&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which is directly or indirectly attributable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (that is, noncontrolling interest, previously referred to as minority interest).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(24))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123596393&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.31)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(22))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated amortization of finite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits within a future period of one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6387103&amp;loc=d3e6435-108320<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905020&amp;loc=d3e5879-108316<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(7))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124429447&amp;loc=SL124453093-239630<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount due to the entity within one year of the balance sheet date (or one operating cycle, if longer) from outside sources, including trade accounts receivable, notes and loans receivable, as well as any other types of receivables, net of allowances established for the purpose of reducing such receivables to an amount that approximates their net realizable value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-06(3))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120401414&amp;loc=d3e604059-122996<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>112
<FILENAME>R99.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499620381280">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Variable Interest Entity (Details Narrative) - Variable Interest Entity [Member] - Warrant Purchase Agreement [Member]<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>May 31, 2021 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems', window );"><strong>Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PaymentsToAcquireWarrant', window );">Payments to acquire warrant</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.8<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent', window );">Contingent consideration potential payment noncurrent</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage', window );">Variable interest entity, qualitative or quantitative information, ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">90.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Contingent consideration potential payment noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_PaymentsToAcquireWarrant">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Payments to acquire warrant.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_PaymentsToAcquireWarrant</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of the Variable Interest Entity's (VIE) voting interest owned by (or beneficial interest in) the reporting entity (directly or indirectly).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123419778&amp;loc=SL6759159-111685<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_VariableInterestEntityMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_VariableInterestEntityMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=IDT_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=IDT_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>113
<FILENAME>R100.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616671584">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LegalFees', window );">Corporate &#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (7,671)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (2,876)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,658)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds', window );">Corporate &#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,635<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,101<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,127<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement', window );">Fintech&#8212;other</a></td>
<td class="nump">20<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">45<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1', window );">net2phone&#8212;write-off of contingent consideration liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">303<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_Net2PhoneOtherNet', window );">net2phone&#8212;other</a></td>
<td class="num">(10)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(638)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit', window );">Traditional Communications&#8212;gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim', window );">Traditional Communications&#8212;net2phone indemnification claim</a></td>
<td class="num">(96)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(472)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,244)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary', window );">Traditional Communications&#8212; accrual for non-income related taxes related to a foreign subsidiary</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,150)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther', window );">Traditional Communications&#8212;other</a></td>
<td class="num">(7)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(967)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(500)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (826)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 731<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (5,063)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fintech money transfer settlement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_Net2PhoneOtherNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net2phone other, net.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_Net2PhoneOtherNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Traditional Communications-accrual for non-income related taxes related to a foreign subsidiary.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Traditional communications gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Traditional Communications-net2phone indemnification claim.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Traditional communications other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in the value of a contingent consideration liability, including, but not limited to, differences arising upon settlement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e7008-128479<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LegalFees">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense provided in the period for legal costs incurred on or before the balance sheet date pertaining to resolved, pending or threatened litigation, including arbitration and mediation proceedings.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LegalFees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net amount of other operating income and expenses, the components of which are not separately disclosed on the income statement, from items that are associated with the entity's normal revenue producing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of insurance proceeds for an event or transaction that is unusual in nature or infrequent in occurrence, or both.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114868883&amp;loc=SL114871943-224233<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499623405360">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details Narrative)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Dec. 21, 2020 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis=IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember', window );">Payment Card Interchange Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems', window );"><strong>Loss Contingencies [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties', window );">Proceed from sale to third parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Proceed from sale to third parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis=IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis=IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>115
<FILENAME>R102.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616066496">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revolving Credit Facility and Note Payable (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 29, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 20, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 17, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit', window );">Repayments of lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,429<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit', window );">Proceeds from lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,429<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable', window );">Proceeds from Notes Payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable', window );">Repayments of Notes Payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTTelecomMember', window );">IDT Telecom [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit', window );">Repayments of lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit', window );">Proceeds from lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=IDT_TDBankMember', window );">TD Bank [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable', window );">Proceeds from Notes Payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable', window );">Repayments of Notes Payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | TD Bank [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity', window );">Line of credit, maximum borrowing capacity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 25,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit', window );">Revolving credit amount outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription', window );">Credit facility, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The
revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#8217;s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum
at the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. LIBOR multiplied by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus
125 to 175 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. Interest is
payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2024. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly
unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $25.0 million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending
upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity', window );">Revolving credit, unused portion amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 25,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | TD Bank [Member] | Credit Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity', window );">Line of credit, maximum borrowing capacity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 25,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription', window );">Credit facility, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The principal outstanding incurred interest per annum at the LIBOR
rate adjusted by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus 125 basis points.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity', window );">Revolving credit, unused portion amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 25,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage', window );">Average percentage of commitment fee per annum</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.30%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The carrying value as of the balance sheet date of the current and noncurrent portions of long-term obligations drawn from a line of credit, which is a bank's commitment to make loans up to a specific amount. Examples of items that might be included in the application of this element may consist of letters of credit, standby letters of credit, and revolving credit arrangements, under which borrowings can be made up to a maximum amount as of any point in time conditional on satisfaction of specified terms before, as of and after the date of drawdowns on the line. Includes short-term obligations that would normally be classified as current liabilities but for which (a) postbalance sheet date issuance of a long term obligation to refinance the short term obligation on a long term basis, or (b) the enterprise has entered into a financing agreement that clearly permits the enterprise to refinance the short-term obligation on a long term basis and the following conditions are met (1) the agreement does not expire within 1 year and is not cancelable by the lender except for violation of an objectively determinable provision, (2) no violation exists at the BS date, and (3) the lender has entered into the financing agreement is expected to be financially capable of honoring the agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(16))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the terms of a credit facility arrangement. Terms typically include interest rate, collateral required, guarantees required, repayment requirements, and restrictions on use of assets and activities of the entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Maximum borrowing capacity under the credit facility without consideration of any current restrictions on the amount that could be borrowed or the amounts currently outstanding under the facility.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of borrowing capacity currently available under the credit facility (current borrowing capacity less the amount of borrowings outstanding).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The fee, expressed as a percentage of the line of credit facility, for available but unused credit capacity under the credit facility.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from contractual arrangement with the lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from a borrowing supported by a written promise to pay an obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromNotesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow for payment of an obligation from a lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for a borrowing supported by a written promise to pay an obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTTelecomMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTTelecomMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=IDT_TDBankMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=IDT_TDBankMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=IDT_CreditAgreementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=IDT_CreditAgreementMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616493728">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract', window );"><strong>Payables and Accruals [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_CarrierMinutesTermination', window );">Carrier minutes termination</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 28,869<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 35,738<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent', window );">Regulatory fees and taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">48,146<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">52,292<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Compensation costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">16,145<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,465<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport', window );">Maintenance and support</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,122<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,258<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent', window );">Commissions (money transfer and Mobile Top-Up)</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,204<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,213<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent', window );">Legal and professional fees</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,601<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,134<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Other</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,985<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 117,109<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 129,085<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accrued maintenance and support.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accrued regulatory fees current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_CarrierMinutesTermination">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrier minutes termination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_CarrierMinutesTermination</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for professional fees, such as for legal and accounting services received. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for sales commissions. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of the carrying values as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for obligations related to services received from employees, such as accrued salaries and bonuses, payroll taxes and fringe benefits. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expenses incurred but not yet paid classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
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<SEQUENCE>117
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499624131536">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details Narrative) - Common Class B [Member] - National Retail Solutions [Member]<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Sep. 29, 2021 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems', window );"><strong>Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction', window );">Capital stock outstanding percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">2.50%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction', window );">Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 10<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sale of stock percentage of subsidiary equity issued in transaction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash received on stock transaction after deduction of issuance costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499620189648">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized', window );">Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (1,742)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,009<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 370<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Equity in net loss of investee</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,951)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,099)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods', window );">Write-off of tax assets related to prior periods</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,346)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">(Losses) gains on investments</a></td>
<td class="num">(19,248)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,830<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(336)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncome', window );">Other</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,411)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(824)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">45<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">TOTAL</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (25,352)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,916<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,267)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Write-off of tax assets related to prior periods.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized gain (loss) recognized in the income statement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124440516&amp;loc=d3e30840-110895<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=125521441&amp;loc=d3e30690-110894<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27405-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(c),9(a))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) for proportionate share of equity method investee's income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(12))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(10))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(13)(f))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237563&amp;loc=d3e33749-111570<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue and income classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.4)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499611692896">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Components of Income Before Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic', window );">Domestic</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 25,025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 60,969<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,380<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign', window );">Foreign</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,858<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,255<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,338<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Income before income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 34,883<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 65,224<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 17,718<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of earnings or loss from continuing operations before income taxes that is attributable to domestic operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 940<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126941158&amp;loc=d3e41242-110953<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(10))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399901&amp;loc=d3e537907-122884<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(15))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of earnings or loss from continuing operations before income taxes that is attributable to foreign operations, which is defined as Income or Loss generated from operations located outside the entity's country of domicile.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499623220368">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Significant Components of Deferred Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts', window );">Bad debt reserve</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 959<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,011<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,570<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,456<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost', window );">Stock options and restricted stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">42<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">980<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards', window );">Charitable contributions</a></td>
<td class="nump">730<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">778<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Depreciation</a></td>
<td class="num">(640)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(373)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities', window );">Unrealized gain</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,895<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,826)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards', window );">Net operating loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">40,733<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">49,368<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxDeferredIncome', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(352)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross', window );">Total deferred income tax assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">48,289<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">53,042<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance', window );">Valuation allowance</a></td>
<td class="num">(11,588)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,540)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (58,700)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (74,170)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet', window );">NET DEFERRED INCOME TAX ASSETS</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 36,701<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 41,502<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Deferred tax liabilities unrealized loss gains on trading securities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible charitable contribution carryforwards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards</td>
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<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, without jurisdictional netting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible operating loss carryforwards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences from share-based compensation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences from accrued liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before allocation of valuation allowance, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary difference from allowance for credit loss on accounts receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax assets for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable temporary differences from property, plant, and equipment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxDeferredIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable temporary differences from tax deferred revenue or income classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxDeferredIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499616886256">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of (Provision for) Benefits from Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Federal</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (45)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">State and local</a></td>
<td class="num">(863)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(512)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(46)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Foreign</a></td>
<td class="num">(729)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(811)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(177)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Current</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,637)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,323)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(223)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Federal</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,596)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,408<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,345<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">State and local</a></td>
<td class="num">(19)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(57)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Foreign</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,626)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,639<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,434)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Deferred</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,241)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,990<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,923<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">(PROVISION FOR) BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (5,878)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 31,667<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current federal tax expense (benefit) attributable to income (loss) from continuing operations. Includes, but is not limited to, current national tax expense (benefit) for non-US (United States of America) jurisdiction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(1)(Note 1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current foreign income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(1)(Note 1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to taxable income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(1)(Note 1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current state and local tax expense (benefit) attributable to income (loss) from continuing operations. Includes, but is not limited to, current regional, territorial, and provincial tax expense (benefit) for non-US (United States of America) jurisdiction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(1)(Note 1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred federal tax expense (benefit) attributable to income (loss) from continuing operations. Includes, but is not limited to, deferred national tax expense (benefit) for non-US (United States of America) jurisdiction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(1)(Note 1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred foreign income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(1)(Note 1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(1)(Note 1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred state and local tax expense (benefit) attributable to income (loss) from continuing operations. Includes, but is not limited to, deferred regional, territorial, and provincial tax expense (benefit) for non-US (United States of America) jurisdiction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(1)(Note 1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32672-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22663-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123586238&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(9))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22658-107794<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499621937552">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Differences Between Income Taxes Expected Federal Statutory Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate', window );">U.S. federal income tax at statutory rate</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (7,325)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (13,697)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,721)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance', window );">Valuation allowance</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,147<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">47,862<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,470<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential', window );">Foreign tax rate differential</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,059)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(190)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,702)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther', window );">Nondeductible expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,044<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(636)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(813)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments', window );">Other</a></td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">299<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">88<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseRestructuringCharges', window );">Foreign restructuring</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,510)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,266)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes', window );">State and local income tax, net of federal benefit</a></td>
<td class="num">(686)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(461)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(356)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">(PROVISION FOR) BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (5,878)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 31,667<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32672-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22663-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123586238&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(9))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22658-107794<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to increase (decrease) in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to foreign income tax expense (benefit).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of income tax expense or benefit for the period computed by applying the domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to other nondeductible expenses.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to nondeductible restructuring charges.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseRestructuringCharges</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to other adjustments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to state and local income tax expense (benefit).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>123
<FILENAME>R110.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499623204112">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Changes in Valuation Allowance (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance', window );">Balance at beginning of year</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,540<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 58,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 74,170<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense', window );">Additions charged to costs and expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">48<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">835<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions', window );">Deductions</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(47,995)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(15,470)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance', window );">Balance at end of year</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,588<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,540<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 58,700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax assets for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in valuation and qualifying accounts and reserves from charge to cost and expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-09(Column C)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e24092-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of decrease in valuation and qualifying accounts and reserves.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-09(Column D))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e24092-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>124
<FILENAME>R111.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615537856">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UndistributedEarningsOfForeignSubsidiaries', window );">Undistributed Earnings of Foreign Subsidiaries</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 297,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards', window );">Operating Loss Carryforwards</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_OperatingLossExpirationDescription', window );">Operating loss expiration description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">U.S.
federal net operating loss carryforwards of $97
million expire in fiscal 2027 through fiscal 2038, and $3 million do not expire.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsSubjectToExpiration', window );">Net operating loss carryforwards subject to expiration</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 97,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNoExpiration', window );">Net operating loss carryforwards no expiration</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsForeign', window );">Foreign net operating loss carry forwards</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">75,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration', window );">Foreign net operating loss carry forwards no expiration</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">63,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwoToTenYears', window );">Foreign net operating loss, expiration in two to ten years.</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwentyYears', window );">Foreign net operating loss, expiration in twenty years</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions', window );">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (47,995)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (15,470)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxCredits', window );">Tax credit award recommendation amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember', window );">Valuation Allowance Utilized Future Expense [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount', window );">Valuation Allowance, Deferred Tax Asset, Increase (Decrease), Amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 46,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions', window );">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember', window );">Valuation Allowance Utilized Current Expense [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions', window );">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=srt_SubsidiariesMember', window );">Subsidiaries [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards', window );">Operating Loss Carryforwards</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NetOperatingLossCarryForwardsYearOfExpiration', window );">Net operating losses expiration, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The
Company&#8217;s subsidiary, net2phone, has additional U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $14
million, which will expire through fiscal 2027.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_SubsidiaryTaxNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsAnnualLimitAmountUnderInternalRevenueCode', window );">Total Subsidiary Tax Net Operating Loss Carry Forwards Annual Limit Amount Under Internal Revenue Code</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNoExpiration">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net operating loss carryforwards no expiration.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNoExpiration</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwentyYears">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Foreign net operating loss, expiration in twenty years.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwentyYears</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>instant</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwoToTenYears">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Foreign net operating loss, expiration in two to ten years.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwoToTenYears</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Foreign net operating loss carryforwards no expiration.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_NetOperatingLossCarryForwardsYearOfExpiration">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net operating losses expiration, description.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_NetOperatingLossCarryForwardsYearOfExpiration</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_OperatingLossExpirationDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net operating losses expiration, description.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_OperatingLossExpirationDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_SubsidiaryTaxNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsAnnualLimitAmountUnderInternalRevenueCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total Subsidiary Tax Net Operating Loss Carry Forwards Annual Limit Amount Under Internal Revenue Code.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_SubsidiaryTaxNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsAnnualLimitAmountUnderInternalRevenueCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsForeign">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible foreign operating loss carryforwards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsForeign</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsSubjectToExpiration">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible operating loss carryforwards that are subject to expiration dates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsSubjectToExpiration</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxCredits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to tax credits. Including, but not limited to, research credit, foreign tax credit, investment tax credit, and other tax credits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxCredits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of operating loss carryforward, before tax effects, available to reduce future taxable income under enacted tax laws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32559-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UndistributedEarningsOfForeignSubsidiaries">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries intended to be permanently reinvested outside the country of domicile.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 740<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6487024&amp;loc=d3e29054-158556<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6424122&amp;loc=d3e41874-109331<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 740<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6479915&amp;loc=d3e66715-112838<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126928070&amp;loc=d3e28200-109314<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UndistributedEarningsOfForeignSubsidiaries</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in the valuation allowance for a specified deferred tax asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of decrease in valuation and qualifying accounts and reserves.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-09(Column D))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e24092-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=IDT_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=srt_SubsidiariesMember</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622152656">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased', window );">Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Number of Shares Authorized to be Repurchased</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Class B Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased', window );">Aggregate repurchased shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired', window );">Class B common stock shares repurchased</a></td>
<td class="nump">554,744<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">463,792<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">671,117<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13.4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.8<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4.2<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Class B Common Stock [Member] | Employees [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired', window );">Class B common stock shares repurchased</a></td>
<td class="nump">200,438<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">109,381<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">37,348<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares authorized to be repurchased by an entity's Board of Directors under a stock repurchase plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The remaining number of shares authorized to be repurchased by an entity's Board of Directors under a stock repurchase plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares that have been repurchased during the period and are being held in treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the cost of common and preferred stock that were repurchased during the period. Recorded using the cost method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<SEQUENCE>126
<FILENAME>R113.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615154960">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Stock Option Activity (Details)<br> $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Jul. 31, 2022 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber', window );">Number of Options, Outstanding, Beginning balance | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,035<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning balance | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 14.89<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Number of Options, Granted | shares</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Granted | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Number of Options, Exercised | shares</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,010)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercised | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (14.92)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod', window );">Number of Options, Cancelled / Forfeited | shares</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Cancelled / Forfeited | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber', window );">Number of Options, outstanding, Ending balance | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">25<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending balance | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13.72<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2', window );">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years 1 month 6 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue', window );">Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 308<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber', window );">Number of Options, Exercisable | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">25<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercisable | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13.72<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1', window );">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Exercisable</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years 1 month 6 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1', window );">Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 308<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares into which fully or partially vested stock options outstanding as of the balance sheet date can be currently converted under the option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted-average price as of the balance sheet date at which grantees can acquire the shares reserved for issuance on vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable under the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For presentations that combine terminations, the number of shares under options that were cancelled during the reporting period as a result of occurrence of a terminating event specified in contractual agreements pertaining to the stock option plan or that expired.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price of options that were either forfeited or expired.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net number of share options (or share units) granted during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(01)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount by which the current fair value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of options outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of options outstanding, including both vested and non-vested options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(ii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which grantees can acquire the shares reserved for issuance under the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(ii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which option holders acquired shares when converting their stock options into shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(02)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average per share amount at which grantees can acquire shares of common stock by exercise of options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(01)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of difference between fair value of the underlying shares reserved for issuance and exercise price of vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining contractual term for vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable or convertible, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining contractual term for option awards outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(02)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499622078192">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares (Details)<br> shares in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Jul. 31, 2022 </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber', window );">Number of Non-vested Shares, Beginning Balance | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">154<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Beginning balance | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 10.39<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Number of Non-vested Shares, Granted | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">4<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Granted | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 6.96<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod', window );">Number of Non-vested Shares, Vested | shares</a></td>
<td class="num">(152)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Vested | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (10.34)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod', window );">Number of Non-vested Shares, Forfeited | shares</a></td>
<td class="num">(3)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Forfeited | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (11.19)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber', window );">Number of Non-vested Shares, Ending Balance | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Ending balance | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 6.96<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber', window );">Number of Non-vested Shares, Beginning Balance | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">195<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Beginning balance | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4.49<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Number of Non-vested Shares, Granted | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">6<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Granted | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 39.65<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod', window );">Number of Non-vested Shares, Vested | shares</a></td>
<td class="num">(198)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Vested | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (5.19)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod', window );">Number of Non-vested Shares, Forfeited | shares</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Forfeited | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber', window );">Number of Non-vested Shares, Ending Balance | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Ending balance | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 31.80<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that were forfeited during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(03)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average fair value as of the grant date of equity-based award plans other than stock (unit) option plans that were not exercised or put into effect as a result of the occurrence of a terminating event.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(03)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of grants made during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(01)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted average fair value at grant date for nonvested equity-based awards issued during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(01)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of non-vested equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that validly exist and are outstanding as of the balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(ii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(i)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share or unit weighted-average fair value of nonvested award under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes share and unit options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(i)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(ii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that vested during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(02)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted average fair value as of grant date pertaining to an equity-based award plan other than a stock (or unit) option plan for which the grantee gained the right during the reporting period, by satisfying service and performance requirements, to receive or retain shares or units, other instruments, or cash in accordance with the terms of the arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(02)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<th class="th" colspan="5">1 Months Ended</th>
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<th class="th"><div>Jan. 05, 2021</div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised', window );">Proceeds from Stock Options Exercised</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 137,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 687,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 276,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Options to purchase shares of common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,010,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price of options</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13.72<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14.89<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Aggregate exercise price of options</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 137,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 687,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">276,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod', window );">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">152,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Number of deferred stock units granted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,930,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,490,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,856,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NetTwoPhoneIncMember', window );">Net2phone, Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross', window );">Common stock outstanding, percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue', window );">Aggregate estimated fair value on grant date recognized over the vesting period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross', window );">Number of restricted shares issued</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription', window );">Grant of restricted equity description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The restricted shares
will vest if: (a) for any fiscal quarter of net2phone 2.0 between November 1, 2020 and October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0 records subscription
revenue that is at least $18 million, and (b) as of October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0&#8217;s valuation is $100 million or more. The restricted
shares will also vest in the event, prior to October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0 or its assets are sold at an equity valuation and on a cash-free
basis of $100 million or more, regardless of whether the revenue threshold was satisfied prior thereto. The restricted shares entitle
each grantee to proceeds only on a sale, spin-off, initial public offering, or other monetization of net2phone 2.0 and have protection
from dilution for the first $15 million invested in net2phone 2.0 following the grant<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember', window );">Deferred Stock Units [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue', window );">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,600,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,100,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Number of deferred stock units granted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,333<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod', window );">[custom:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Sep. 22,  2023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember', window );">Restricted Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights', window );">Vesting description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Share awards generally vest on a graded basis over three years of service.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions', window );">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Excluding Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1', window );">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 year 4 months 24 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue', window );">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">300,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember', window );">Restricted Stock [Member] | National Retail Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue', window );">Aggregate estimated fair value on grant date recognized over the vesting period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember', window );">Deferred Stock Units [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions', window );">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Excluding Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1', window );">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">8 months 12 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=us-gaap_StockOptionMember', window );">Equity Option [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights', window );">Vesting description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Option
awards generally vest on a graded basis over three years of service and have ten-year contractual terms<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Options granted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised', window );">Proceeds from Stock Options Exercised</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 700,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 300,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Options to purchase shares of common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,010,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">81,041<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,551<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue', window );">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,700,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 16,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized', window );">Additional number of shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">175,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized', window );">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Authorized</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,700,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant', window );">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod', window );">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">198,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Number of deferred stock units granted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Deferred Stock Units [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDescription', window );">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">the DSUs were eligible for vesting in
three equal amounts on each of January 6, 2020, January 5, 2021, and January 5, 2022. The number of shares issuable on each vesting date
varied between 50% to 200% of the number of DSUs that vested on that vesting date, depending on the market price for the underlying Class
B common stock on the vesting date relative to the market price at the time of the grant.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod', window );">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period</a></td>
<td class="nump">301,296<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">283,838<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100,284<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,333<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,334<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Number of deferred stock units granted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Howard S Jonas [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Options to purchase shares of common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate', window );">Options grant date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">May  02,  2017<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price of options</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14.93<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate', window );">Option expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">May  01,  2022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised', window );">Number of shares used as options</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">528,635<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Aggregate exercise price of options</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,900,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding', window );">Stock option exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">137,364<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Stock option exercised, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,900,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_NRSCommonClassBMember', window );">NRS Common Class B [Member] | National Retail Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross', window );">Common stock outstanding, percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1.20%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.40%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Grant of restricted equity description.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Vesting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the equity-based award date, in YYYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Common stock outstanding percentage.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate estimated fair value on grant date recognized over the vesting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Stock issued during period shares used for stock options exercised.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Stock issued during period shares used for tax withholding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase to additional paid-in capital (APIC) for recognition of cost for award under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126964447&amp;loc=d3e11149-113907<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126964447&amp;loc=d3e11178-113907<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126961718&amp;loc=d3e4534-113899<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted-average period over which cost not yet recognized is expected to be recognized for award under share-based payment arrangement, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost to be recognized for nonvested award under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes share and unit options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from exercise of option under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=SL79508275-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of service or performance condition required to be met for earning right to award under share-based payment arrangement. Includes, but is not limited to, combination of market, performance or service condition.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of terms of share-based payment arrangement. Includes, but is not limited to, type of award or grantee and reason for issuance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of grants made during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(01)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that vested during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(02)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of share-based awards for which the grantee gained the right by satisfying service and performance requirements, to receive or retain shares or units, other instruments, or cash.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the equity-based award expires, in YYYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of additional shares authorized for issuance under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares authorized for issuance under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The difference between the maximum number of shares (or other type of equity) authorized for issuance under the plan (including the effects of amendments and adjustments), and the sum of: 1) the number of shares (or other type of equity) already issued upon exercise of options or other equity-based awards under the plan; and 2) shares (or other type of equity) reserved for issuance on granting of outstanding awards, net of cancellations and forfeitures, if applicable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated difference between fair value of underlying shares on dates of exercise and exercise price on options exercised (or share units converted) into shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross number of share options (or share units) granted during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(01)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which grantees can acquire the shares reserved for issuance under the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(ii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of shares issued during the period, including shares forfeited, as a result of Restricted Stock Awards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(02)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued as a result of the exercise of stock options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the cost of common and preferred stock that were repurchased during the period. Recorded using the cost method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NetTwoPhoneIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NetTwoPhoneIncMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=us-gaap_StockOptionMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=us-gaap_StockOptionMember</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<td></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_HowardSJonasMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_HowardSJonasMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_NRSCommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_NRSCommonClassBMember</td>
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<tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499615033200">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (10,183)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (7,410)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (4,858)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,122)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,773)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,552)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(11,305)<span></span>
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<td class="num">(10,183)<span></span>
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<td class="num">(7,410)<span></span>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember', window );">AOCI, Accumulated Gain (Loss), Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Parent [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(9)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="num">(537)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(51)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(546)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember', window );">Accumulated Foreign Currency Adjustment Attributable to Parent [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(10,174)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,452)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,858)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="num">(585)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,722)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,594)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (10,759)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (10,174)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (7,452)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems</td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(4))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(3))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(ii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e681-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431353&amp;loc=SL124442407-227067<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32136-110900<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124507222&amp;loc=d3e1436-108581<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32211-110900<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450520&amp;loc=d3e32583-110901<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431353&amp;loc=SL124442411-227067<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499618979760">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems', window );"><strong>Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Accrued liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 33.2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 38.3<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PurchaseObligation', window );">Purchase obligation</a></td>
<td class="nump">4.7<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding', window );">Performance bonds outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">22.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember', window );">Federal Telecommunications Relay Services Fund [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems', window );"><strong>Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss', window );">Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">2.9<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember', window );">Universal Service Fund [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems', window );"><strong>Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss', window );">Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.8<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>In certain circumstances, the company is required to provide performance bonds in connection with its contractual commitments. Company has indemnified the surety for any expenses paid out under these performance bonds.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.15(a))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Reflects the estimated amount of loss from the specified contingency as of the balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 450<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121557415&amp;loc=d3e14435-108349<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 450<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121557415&amp;loc=d3e14557-108349<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 460<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124440162&amp;loc=d3e12021-110248<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PurchaseObligation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Minimum amount of purchase arrangement in which the entity has agreed to expend funds to procure goods or services from a supplier.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PurchaseObligation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499623173232">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Party Transactions (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">10 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 01, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Related Party Transaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty', window );">Annual rent payment</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 60,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromEmployeesCurrent', window );">Outstanding net loan receivable from employees</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=IDT_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember', window );">Mason and Co [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Related Party Transaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty', window );">Commissions and fees from payment by company</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">76,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">63,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 63,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_RafaelSpinOffMember', window );">Rafael Spin Off [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Related Party Transaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty', window );">Costs and Expenses, Related Party</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due from Other Related Parties, Current</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember', window );">Genie and Subsidiarie [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Related Party Transaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty', window );">Costs and Expenses, Related Party</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due from Other Related Parties, Current</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_JonasMember', window );">Jonas Media Group [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Related Party Transaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due from Other Related Parties, Current</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices', window );">Receivable from subsidiaries included in services</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices', window );">Receivable from subsidiaries included in adjusted amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Adjusted due from other related parties current</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Adjusted due from other related parties current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This amount for related party transaction billings adjustment to related party for services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Related party transaction billings to related party for services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Related party transaction lease annual rent payments to related party.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Costs of sales and operating expenses for the period incurred from transactions with related parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueFromEmployeesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amounts due from an Entity employee, not to include stockholders or officers, which are usually due within 1 year (or 1 business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39599-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueFromEmployeesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount receivable from related parties classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(k)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Expenses recognized resulting from transactions (excluding transactions that are eliminated in consolidated or combined financial statements) with related party.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=IDT_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=IDT_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_RafaelSpinOffMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_RafaelSpinOffMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_JonasMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_JonasMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.2.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140499614980656">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Defined Contribution Plans (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr>
<th class="th"><div>May 27, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">first five years<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1.0<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 0.8<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1.0<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues</a></td>
<td class="nump">35,839<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1.0<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost for defined contribution plan.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the value of new stock issued during the period. Includes shares issued in an initial public offering or a secondary public offering.</p></div>
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    <us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zNIQrJ27qxo8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
1&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_829_zCajjlvT0QV3"&gt;Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock_z8KPIRbzMHJi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86D_zXrqtvcrJH4h"&gt;Description
of Business&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
Corporation (the &#x201c;Company&#x201d;) is a global provider of financial technology, or fintech, cloud communications, and
traditional communications services. The Company has three reportable business segments, Fintech, net2phone (formerly net2phone-Unified Communications
as a Service (&#x201c;UCaaS&#x201d;)), and Traditional Communications.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_zMo5jfg3Rvxl" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86A_zgjN6SbIuNOa"&gt;Basis
of Consolidation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
method of accounting applied to long-term investments, whether consolidated, equity or cost, involves an evaluation of the significant
terms of each investment that explicitly grant or suggest evidence of control or influence over the operations of the investee and includes
the identification of any variable interests in which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The consolidated financial statements include
the Company&#x2019;s controlled subsidiaries and the variable interest entity in which the Company is the primary beneficiary (see Note
13). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions between the consolidated entities are eliminated.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--InvestmentPolicyTextBlock_zK2SFnqCkTZ8" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_869_zyYvXHJkxWmd"&gt;Accounting
for Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Investments
in businesses that the Company does not control, but in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over operating
and financial matters, are accounted for using the equity method. Investments in which the Company does not have the ability to exercise
significant influence over operating and financial matters are accounted for using the cost method. Investments in hedge funds are accounted
for using the equity method unless the Company&#x2019;s interest is so minor that it has virtually no influence over operating and financial
policies, in which case these investments are accounted for using the cost method. The Company periodically evaluates its equity and
cost method investments for impairment due to declines considered to be other than temporary. If the Company determines that a decline
in fair value is other than temporary, then a charge to earnings is recorded in &#x201c;Other  (expense) income, net&#x201d; in the accompanying
consolidated statements of income, and a new basis in the investment is established.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_zeeQVaNwCYu9" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_869_zDw2x2HaZBse"&gt;Use
of Estimates&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#x201c;U.S.
GAAP&#x201d;) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying
notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock_zjC7HYYKo7zi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_869_zGKBKMrWcau9"&gt;Revenue
Recognition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company accounts for its revenues under Accounting Standards Update (&#x201c;ASU&#x201d;) No. 2014-09, &lt;i&gt;Revenue from Contracts with Customers
(Topic 606)&lt;/i&gt;, and the amendments thereto (collectively referred to as Accounting Standards Codification, or &#x201c;ASC&#x201d; 606).
The core principle of ASC 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers
in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, and
the guidance defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle. The five-step process is as follows: (i) identify the contract(s)
with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract(s), (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the
transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract(s), and (v) recognize revenue when, or as, the entity satisfies a performance
obligation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock_zpXh7Hh3Ew76" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86F_zKAyFGwdxQk3"&gt;Direct
Cost of Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Direct
cost of revenues consists primarily of termination and origination costs, toll-free costs, and network costs&#x2014;including customer/carrier
interconnect charges and fiber circuit charges. These costs include an estimate of charges for which invoices have not yet been received,
and estimated amounts for pending disputes with other carriers. Direct cost of revenues also includes the cost of airtime top-up minutes.
Direct cost of revenues excludes depreciation and amortization expense.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock_zYL3f1TxT6Eh" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash
and Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_840_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesPolicy_zyJiKUI59qtk" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_868_zzXYxoOmdK7j"&gt;Debt
Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s investments in debt securities are classified as &#x201c;available-for-sale.&#x201d; Available-for-sale debt securities
are required to be carried at their fair value, with unrealized gains and losses (net of income taxes) that are considered temporary
in nature recorded in &#x201c;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#x201d; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company
uses the specific identification method in computing the gross realized gains and gross realized losses on the sales of debt securities.
The Company periodically evaluates its investments in debt securities for impairment due to declines in market value considered to be
other than temporary. Such impairment evaluations include, in addition to persistent, declining market prices, general economic and Company-specific
evaluations. If the Company determines that a decline in market value is other than temporary, then a charge to operations is recorded
in &#x201c;Other  (expense) income, net&#x201d; in the accompanying consolidated statements of income and a new cost basis in the investment
is established.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_849_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsPolicyTextBlock_zFtcyZrG76sk" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86B_zN13L5u3qBYb"&gt;Equity
Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Investments
in equity securities (except those accounted for under the equity method or that result in consolidation) are measured at fair value,
with changes in fair value recognized in net income. For investments in equity securities without a readily determinable fair value,
the Company elects the measurement alternative and measures these investments at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting
from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer. At each reporting date,
the Company reassesses whether the investment still qualifies for this measurement alternative. Further, at each reporting date, the
Company performs a qualitative assessment to evaluate whether the investment is impaired. If the qualitative assessment indicates that
the investment is impaired and the fair value of the investment is less than its carrying value, the carrying amount of the investment
will be reduced and the resulting loss recognized in &#x201c;Other  (expense) income, net&#x201d; in the accompanying consolidated statements
of income in the period the impairment is identified.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--DisbursementPrefundingPolicyTextBlock_zn7M521386mc" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_869_zG6e01AG9Kui"&gt;Disbursement
Prefunding&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company maintains relationships with disbursement partners in various countries for its money transfer and Mobile Top-Up services. The
Company maintains prefunding balances with these disbursement partners, so they can satisfy the Company&#x2019;s customer liabilities.
The Company does not earn interest on these balances. The balances are not compensating balances and are not legally restricted.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84A_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock_z9GRVF7qKp81" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86C_zU9r5wGqIQAc"&gt;Property,
Plant, and Equipment and Intangible Assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equipment,
computer software, and furniture and fixtures are recorded at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated
useful lives, which range as follows: equipment&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zAH9RDl68Y73" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zSKRwFqXyHwf" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; or &lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zCm23sQE5vM9" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;20&lt;/span&gt; years; computer software&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zbe9yQRZVCJk" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zncCWecX32dl" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; or &lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zgJgV3z4xZT1" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; years; and furniture and fixtures&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_zftXqtLTrAWl" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;,
&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_ztBiI4iBbCJ9" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; or &lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_zFialTGJGhs6" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; years. Leasehold improvements are recorded at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the term of their lease
or their estimated useful lives, whichever is shorter.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
fair value of non-compete agreements, customer relationships, and tradenames acquired in  business combinations are amortized over their
estimated useful lives (see Notes 6 and 12).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company tests the recoverability of its property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets with finite useful lives whenever events
or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The Company tests for recoverability
based on the projected undiscounted cash flows to be derived from such asset. If the projected undiscounted future cash flows are less
than the carrying value of the asset, the Company will record an impairment loss, if any, based on the difference between the estimated
fair value and the carrying value of the asset. The Company generally measures fair value by considering sale prices for similar assets
or by discounting estimated future cash flows from such asset using an appropriate discount rate. Cash flow projections and fair value
estimates require significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions prove to be incorrect, the
Company may be required to record impairments in future periods and such impairments could be material.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy_zLHYWGOv8k91" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_863_zZIE0GjIVp95"&gt;Goodwill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Goodwill
is the excess of the consideration paid for a business over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill and
other indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized. Instead, these assets are reviewed annually (or more frequently under
various conditions) for impairment. The Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is
necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. However, the Company may elect to perform the quantitative goodwill
impairment test even if no indications of a potential impairment exist.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;When
performing its quantitative annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test the Company is comparing the fair value of its reporting units
with their carrying amounts. The Company would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the
reporting unit&#x2019;s fair value; however, the loss recognized would not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting
unit. Additionally, the Company considers income tax effects from any tax-deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of its reporting
unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. The fair value of the reporting units is estimated using discounted
cash flow methodologies, as well as considering third party market value indicators. The Company&#x2019;s use of a discounted cash flow
methodology includes estimates of future revenue based upon budgets and projections. The Company also develops estimates for future levels
of gross and operating profits and projected capital expenditures. The Company&#x2019;s methodology also includes the use of estimated
discount rates based upon industry and competitor analysis as well as other factors. Calculating the fair value of the reporting units
requires significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions regarding the fair value of the reporting
units prove to be incorrect, the Company may be required to record impairments to its goodwill in future periods and such impairments
could be material.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_845_eus-gaap--AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock_zZgVf7mM5h1j" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_865_zo5P44NgynUl"&gt;Advertising
Expense&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cost
of advertising is charged to selling, general and administrative expenses in the period in which it is incurred. In fiscal 2022, fiscal
2021, and fiscal 2020, advertising expense was $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zgeK1ARXiiPa" title="Advertising expense"&gt;17.0&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zlmUQ0JTEb68" title="Advertising expense"&gt;15.3&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zbODDzgYtSt2" title="Advertising expense"&gt;15.7 &lt;/span&gt;million, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--InternalUseSoftwarePolicy_zmnfHinLOYJ1" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86A_z1CJGOLOOcya"&gt;Capitalized
Internal Use Software Costs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_901_ecustom--InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_z10bUC9d2ZW1" title="Internal use software policy description"&gt;The
Company capitalizes the cost of internal-use software that has a useful life in excess of one year&lt;/span&gt;. These costs consist of payments made
to third parties and the salaries of employees working on such software development. Subsequent additions, modifications or upgrades
to internal-use software are capitalized only to the extent that they allow the software to perform a task it previously did not perform.
Software maintenance and training costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. Capitalized internal use software costs
are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Amortization expense related to such capitalized software in
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zTkdN715jAaf" title="Amortization expense"&gt;12.2&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_z0xHy2p2CmNj" title="Amortization expense"&gt;12.6&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zMb9qeNR61Vc" title="Amortization expense"&gt;14.6&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively. Unamortized capitalized
internal use software costs at July 31, 2022 and 2021 were $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_z74UB0pqhFce" title="Unamortized capital expense"&gt;18.7&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet_iI_pn5n6_c20210731_z3XUpM4OzWak" title="Unamortized capital expense"&gt;16.7&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--MaintenanceCostPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zEabTVuL3aFj" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_861_zBKQkBAdawmf"&gt;Repairs
and Maintenance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company charges the cost of repairs and maintenance, including the cost of replacing minor items not constituting substantial betterment,
to selling, general and administrative expenses as these costs are incurred.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_znN5iIHE84Ab" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_860_zveKvx0e7gGj"&gt;Foreign
Currency Translation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Assets
and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries denominated in foreign currencies are translated to U.S. Dollars at end-of-period rates of exchange,
and their monthly results of operations are translated to U.S. Dollars at the average rates of exchange for that month. Gains or losses
resulting from such foreign currency translations are recorded in &#x201c;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#x201d; in the accompanying
consolidated balance sheets. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are reported in &#x201c;Other  (expense) income, net&#x201d;
in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock_z6WwL3vt2J3a" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_868_zYd8c9Xk6ov7"&gt;Income
Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between
the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance is
provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The ultimate realization
of deferred tax assets depends on the generation of future taxable income during the period in which related temporary differences become
deductible. The Company considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning
strategies in its assessment of a valuation allowance. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected
to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred
tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date of such change.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company uses a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Company
determines whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related
appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. In evaluating whether a tax position has met the more-likely-than-not
recognition threshold, the Company presumes that the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority that has full knowledge
of all relevant information. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured to determine the amount
of tax benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater
than &lt;span id="xdx_900_ecustom--IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731_zw7TL0u2T9Oc" title="Tax position ultimate settlement, percentage"&gt;50&lt;/span&gt; percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Differences between tax positions taken in a tax return and amounts
recognized in the financial statements will generally result in one or more of the following: an increase in a liability for income taxes
payable, a reduction of an income tax refund receivable, a reduction in a deferred tax asset, or an increase in a deferred tax liability.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company classifies interest and penalties on income taxes as a component of income tax expense.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock_zqNZT25oW154" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_866_zUzWSVvmKLCc"&gt;Contingencies&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company accrues for loss contingencies when both (a) information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that
it is probable that a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and (b) the amount of loss can reasonably be
estimated. When the Company accrues for loss contingencies and the reasonable estimate of the loss is within a range, the Company records
its best estimate within the range. When no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the Company accrues the
minimum amount in the range. The Company discloses an estimated possible loss or a range of loss when it is at least reasonably possible
that a loss may have been incurred.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_z1VPUK5SqNsg" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Earnings
Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Basic
earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted
average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is determined
in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject
to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect
of such increase is anti-dilutive.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zCai1jo6htfj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#x2019;s
common stockholders consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B2_z5qcTKZt2mo9" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220731_zySBngcBGso" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20200801__20210731_zlbnaU7SGrud" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20190801__20200731_ztjSOCoU3Hj1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zQxKEpBPTVnj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%"&gt;Basic weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;25,791&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;25,495&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;26,278&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Effect of dilutive securities:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_pn3n3_zYp8sJJ2t2Z8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;434&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;229&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_pn3n3_zMPcvguT2I0a" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Non-vested restricted Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;131&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;329&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;162&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pn3n3_z1WNdVoj22Qc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Diluted weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;26,356&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;26,053&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;26,441&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A9_zTh3EdSuty49" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_zX9UfD090Dvd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following outstanding stock options were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise prices of the
stock options were greater than the average market price of the Company&#x2019;s stock during the period:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_z0IMgsXdreCc" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Outstanding Stock Options Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20210801__20220731_ziVy1YAG88Bi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210731_z2ctN4mVtCg1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20190801__20200731_z9kgUsNgu6hf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_zmL8IBtck6af" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%; text-align: left"&gt;Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1018"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;535&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;1,138&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AB_zd2xEPMb0Vzj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy_zqu8r0V0cRhe" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86C_zx1CojSxU2I3"&gt;Stock-Based
Compensation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company recognizes compensation expense for its grants of stock-based awards based on the estimated fair value on the grant date. Compensation
cost for awards is recognized using the straight-line method over the requisite service period, which is usually the vesting period.
Stock-based compensation is included in selling, general and administrative expense.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk_znhwAvoxjdf8" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86A_zCH4Mz9ctLli"&gt;Vulnerability
Due to Certain Concentrations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Financial
instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, restricted
cash and cash equivalents, debt securities, equity investments, and trade accounts receivable. The Company holds cash and cash equivalents
at several major financial institutions, which often exceed FDIC insurance limits. Historically, the Company has not experienced any
losses due to such concentration of credit risk. The Company&#x2019;s temporary cash investments policy is to limit the dollar amount
of investments with any one financial institution and monitor the credit ratings of those institutions. While the Company may be exposed
to credit losses due to the nonperformance of the holders of its deposits, the Company does not expect the settlement of these transactions
to have a material effect on its results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Concentration
of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is limited due to the large number of customers in various geographic regions
and industry segments comprising the Company&#x2019;s customer base. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of consolidated revenues
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021 or fiscal 2020. However, the Company&#x2019;s five largest customers collectively accounted for &lt;span id="xdx_906_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zEw1r9vVAkha" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage"&gt;12.5&lt;/span&gt;%, &lt;span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zFCzrpoDpZy9" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage"&gt;14.5&lt;/span&gt;%,
and &lt;span id="xdx_905_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zNrOISyACj25" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage"&gt;12.7&lt;/span&gt;% of its consolidated revenues in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively. The Company&#x2019;s customers with
the five largest receivable balances collectively accounted for &lt;span id="xdx_904_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zcSMxOh66T0c" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage"&gt;17.3&lt;/span&gt;% and &lt;span id="xdx_907_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_z9iYulpHrwMd" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage"&gt;9.7&lt;/span&gt;% of the consolidated gross trade accounts receivable at
July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. This concentration of customers increases the Company&#x2019;s risk associated with nonpayment by
those customers. In an effort to reduce such risk, the Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its significant customers. In addition,
the Company attempts to mitigate the credit risk related to specific IDT Global (formerly known as Carrier Services) customers by also
buying services from the customer, in order to create an opportunity to offset its payables and receivables and reduce its net trade
receivable exposure risk. When it is practical to do so, the Company will increase its purchases from IDT Global customers with receivable
balances that exceed the Company&#x2019;s applicable payables in order to maximize the offset and reduce its credit risk.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_840_eus-gaap--ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy_zZ7YtTcfygMi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_861_zjFTa0KNtKFl"&gt;Allowance
for Doubtful Accounts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company estimates the balance of its allowance for doubtful accounts by analyzing accounts receivable balances by age and applying historical
write-off and collection trend rates. The Company&#x2019;s estimates include separately providing for customer receivables based on specific
circumstances and credit conditions, and when it is deemed probable that the balance is uncollectible. Account balances are written off
against the allowance when it is determined that the receivable will not be recovered. The change in the allowance for doubtful accounts
is as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--AccountsReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossTableTextBlock_zpq3YYQehuCe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zcEBREfuOoxh" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Changes In Allowance For Doubtful Accounts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Balance at beginning of year&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Additions charged to costs and expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_F56_zNYKl1yf6NRi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Deductions (1)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Balance at&lt;/p&gt;
                                              &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;end of year&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; width: 36%; text-align: left"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zRVJ0PVvgvHd" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year"&gt;4,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zBY8ASCgn4M7" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Additions charged to costs and expenses"&gt;2,330&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_fKDEp_z9YRq8WtfBVk" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions"&gt;(886&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zN3yJZY6Dcgg" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year"&gt;5,882&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zdrHdxASTHI6" style="text-align: right"&gt;6,085&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zb1HgVFpdnEk" style="text-align: right"&gt;1,782&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_di_c20200801__20210731_fKDEp_zSFxwFPdLVc1" style="text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions"&gt;(3,429&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zrNccr5ED8xg" style="text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year"&gt;4,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zqjzRGQaCQQ" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year"&gt;5,444&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_z2cjL1yX5Y94" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Additions charged to costs and expenses"&gt;3,109&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731_fKDEp_zrOYhe8ptA9l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions"&gt;(2,468&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zOEwt4Km9Zs1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year"&gt;6,085&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F08_zjquKOqRBlAk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F16_zVIaBGAJ6iC" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Primarily uncollectible
accounts written off, net of recoveries.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A8_zsmavfKjA0p3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: -0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_848_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zXydR0TINMo1" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_861_zCwkxBMxGsG6"&gt;Fair
Value Measurements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Fair
value of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities is defined as an exit price, which is the price that would be received to
sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The three-tier
hierarchy for inputs used to measure fair value, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, is
as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Level
    1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;quoted
    prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Level
    2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;quoted
    prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly
    or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Level
    3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;unobservable
    inputs based on the Company&#x2019;s assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;A
financial asset or liability&#x2019;s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant
to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment
and may affect the valuation of the assets and liabilities being measured and their placement within the fair value hierarchy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_848_eus-gaap--LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_zmcLQ4tq5J7j" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_865_zrUb2fJyqWub"&gt;Leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company accounts for its leases under ASU No. 2016-02, &lt;i&gt;Leases (Topic 842)&lt;/i&gt;, and the amendments thereto (collectively referred
to as &#x201c;ASC 842&#x201d;). ASC 842 established a right-of-use (&#x201c;ROU&#x201d;) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU
asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet on the lease commencement date for all leases with terms longer than 12 months.
Leases are classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income
statement. The lease liability represents the present value of the Company&#x2019;s obligation to make payments over the lease term.
The present value of the lease payments is calculated using the incremental borrowing rate based on the rate of interest that the
Company would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. Operating
leases with a term of 12 months or less are not recorded in the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheets and the Company
recognizes lease cost for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zu65AVpNz1Zi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_862_z3mgFYTAcLF1"&gt;Recently
Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;In June 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&#x201c;FASB&#x201d;),
issued ASU No. 2022-03, &lt;i&gt;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual
Sale Restrictions,&lt;/i&gt; that clarifies that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit
of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value. The ASU also requires specific disclosures
related to equity securities that are subject to contractual sales restrictions. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU prospectively
on August 1, 2024. The Company is evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, &lt;i&gt;Financial
Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses (Topic 326)&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,&lt;/i&gt; that changes the
impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For receivables, loans and other instruments, entities
will be required to use a new forward-looking current expected credit loss model that generally will result in the earlier
recognition of allowance for losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, entities will measure credit
losses in a manner similar to current practice, except the losses will be recognized as allowances instead of reductions in the
amortized cost of the securities. In addition, an entity will have to disclose significantly more information about allowances,
credit quality indicators, and past due securities. The new provisions will be applied as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained
earnings. The Company will adopt the new standard on August 1, 2023. The Company is evaluating the impact that the new standard will
have on its consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock_z8KPIRbzMHJi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86D_zXrqtvcrJH4h"&gt;Description
of Business&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
Corporation (the &#x201c;Company&#x201d;) is a global provider of financial technology, or fintech, cloud communications, and
traditional communications services. The Company has three reportable business segments, Fintech, net2phone (formerly net2phone-Unified Communications
as a Service (&#x201c;UCaaS&#x201d;)), and Traditional Communications.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_zMo5jfg3Rvxl" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86A_zgjN6SbIuNOa"&gt;Basis
of Consolidation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
method of accounting applied to long-term investments, whether consolidated, equity or cost, involves an evaluation of the significant
terms of each investment that explicitly grant or suggest evidence of control or influence over the operations of the investee and includes
the identification of any variable interests in which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The consolidated financial statements include
the Company&#x2019;s controlled subsidiaries and the variable interest entity in which the Company is the primary beneficiary (see Note
13). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions between the consolidated entities are eliminated.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--InvestmentPolicyTextBlock_zK2SFnqCkTZ8" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_869_zyYvXHJkxWmd"&gt;Accounting
for Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Investments
in businesses that the Company does not control, but in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over operating
and financial matters, are accounted for using the equity method. Investments in which the Company does not have the ability to exercise
significant influence over operating and financial matters are accounted for using the cost method. Investments in hedge funds are accounted
for using the equity method unless the Company&#x2019;s interest is so minor that it has virtually no influence over operating and financial
policies, in which case these investments are accounted for using the cost method. The Company periodically evaluates its equity and
cost method investments for impairment due to declines considered to be other than temporary. If the Company determines that a decline
in fair value is other than temporary, then a charge to earnings is recorded in &#x201c;Other  (expense) income, net&#x201d; in the accompanying
consolidated statements of income, and a new basis in the investment is established.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:InvestmentPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:UseOfEstimates contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_zeeQVaNwCYu9" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_869_zDw2x2HaZBse"&gt;Use
of Estimates&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#x201c;U.S.
GAAP&#x201d;) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying
notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:UseOfEstimates>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock_zjC7HYYKo7zi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_869_zGKBKMrWcau9"&gt;Revenue
Recognition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company accounts for its revenues under Accounting Standards Update (&#x201c;ASU&#x201d;) No. 2014-09, &lt;i&gt;Revenue from Contracts with Customers
(Topic 606)&lt;/i&gt;, and the amendments thereto (collectively referred to as Accounting Standards Codification, or &#x201c;ASC&#x201d; 606).
The core principle of ASC 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers
in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, and
the guidance defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle. The five-step process is as follows: (i) identify the contract(s)
with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract(s), (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the
transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract(s), and (v) recognize revenue when, or as, the entity satisfies a performance
obligation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock_zpXh7Hh3Ew76" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86F_zKAyFGwdxQk3"&gt;Direct
Cost of Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Direct
cost of revenues consists primarily of termination and origination costs, toll-free costs, and network costs&#x2014;including customer/carrier
interconnect charges and fiber circuit charges. These costs include an estimate of charges for which invoices have not yet been received,
and estimated amounts for pending disputes with other carriers. Direct cost of revenues also includes the cost of airtime top-up minutes.
Direct cost of revenues excludes depreciation and amortization expense.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock_zYL3f1TxT6Eh" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash
and Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesPolicy contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_840_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesPolicy_zyJiKUI59qtk" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_868_zzXYxoOmdK7j"&gt;Debt
Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s investments in debt securities are classified as &#x201c;available-for-sale.&#x201d; Available-for-sale debt securities
are required to be carried at their fair value, with unrealized gains and losses (net of income taxes) that are considered temporary
in nature recorded in &#x201c;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#x201d; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company
uses the specific identification method in computing the gross realized gains and gross realized losses on the sales of debt securities.
The Company periodically evaluates its investments in debt securities for impairment due to declines in market value considered to be
other than temporary. Such impairment evaluations include, in addition to persistent, declining market prices, general economic and Company-specific
evaluations. If the Company determines that a decline in market value is other than temporary, then a charge to operations is recorded
in &#x201c;Other  (expense) income, net&#x201d; in the accompanying consolidated statements of income and a new cost basis in the investment
is established.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesPolicy>
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Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Investments
in equity securities (except those accounted for under the equity method or that result in consolidation) are measured at fair value,
with changes in fair value recognized in net income. For investments in equity securities without a readily determinable fair value,
the Company elects the measurement alternative and measures these investments at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting
from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer. At each reporting date,
the Company reassesses whether the investment still qualifies for this measurement alternative. Further, at each reporting date, the
Company performs a qualitative assessment to evaluate whether the investment is impaired. If the qualitative assessment indicates that
the investment is impaired and the fair value of the investment is less than its carrying value, the carrying amount of the investment
will be reduced and the resulting loss recognized in &#x201c;Other  (expense) income, net&#x201d; in the accompanying consolidated statements
of income in the period the impairment is identified.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</IDT:EquityInvestmentsPolicyTextBlock>
    <IDT:DisbursementPrefundingPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--DisbursementPrefundingPolicyTextBlock_zn7M521386mc" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_869_zG6e01AG9Kui"&gt;Disbursement
Prefunding&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company maintains relationships with disbursement partners in various countries for its money transfer and Mobile Top-Up services. The
Company maintains prefunding balances with these disbursement partners, so they can satisfy the Company&#x2019;s customer liabilities.
The Company does not earn interest on these balances. The balances are not compensating balances and are not legally restricted.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</IDT:DisbursementPrefundingPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84A_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock_z9GRVF7qKp81" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86C_zU9r5wGqIQAc"&gt;Property,
Plant, and Equipment and Intangible Assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equipment,
computer software, and furniture and fixtures are recorded at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated
useful lives, which range as follows: equipment&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zAH9RDl68Y73" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zSKRwFqXyHwf" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; or &lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--EquipmentMember_zCm23sQE5vM9" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;20&lt;/span&gt; years; computer software&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zbe9yQRZVCJk" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zncCWecX32dl" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; or &lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--ComputerSoftwareMember_zgJgV3z4xZT1" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; years; and furniture and fixtures&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_zftXqtLTrAWl" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;,
&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_ztBiI4iBbCJ9" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; or &lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesMember_zFialTGJGhs6" title="Estimated useful lives of long-lived assets"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; years. Leasehold improvements are recorded at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the term of their lease
or their estimated useful lives, whichever is shorter.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
fair value of non-compete agreements, customer relationships, and tradenames acquired in  business combinations are amortized over their
estimated useful lives (see Notes 6 and 12).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company tests the recoverability of its property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets with finite useful lives whenever events
or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The Company tests for recoverability
based on the projected undiscounted cash flows to be derived from such asset. If the projected undiscounted future cash flows are less
than the carrying value of the asset, the Company will record an impairment loss, if any, based on the difference between the estimated
fair value and the carrying value of the asset. The Company generally measures fair value by considering sale prices for similar assets
or by discounting estimated future cash flows from such asset using an appropriate discount rate. Cash flow projections and fair value
estimates require significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions prove to be incorrect, the
Company may be required to record impairments in future periods and such impairments could be material.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_MinimumMember_us-gaap_EquipmentMember">P5Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquipmentMember">P7Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_MaximumMember_us-gaap_EquipmentMember">P20Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_MinimumMember_custom_ComputerSoftwareMember">P2Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_ComputerSoftwareMember">P3Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_MaximumMember_custom_ComputerSoftwareMember">P5Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_MinimumMember_us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember">P5Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember">P7Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_MaximumMember_us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember">P10Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy_zLHYWGOv8k91" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_863_zZIE0GjIVp95"&gt;Goodwill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Goodwill
is the excess of the consideration paid for a business over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill and
other indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized. Instead, these assets are reviewed annually (or more frequently under
various conditions) for impairment. The Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is
necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. However, the Company may elect to perform the quantitative goodwill
impairment test even if no indications of a potential impairment exist.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;When
performing its quantitative annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test the Company is comparing the fair value of its reporting units
with their carrying amounts. The Company would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the
reporting unit&#x2019;s fair value; however, the loss recognized would not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting
unit. Additionally, the Company considers income tax effects from any tax-deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of its reporting
unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. The fair value of the reporting units is estimated using discounted
cash flow methodologies, as well as considering third party market value indicators. The Company&#x2019;s use of a discounted cash flow
methodology includes estimates of future revenue based upon budgets and projections. The Company also develops estimates for future levels
of gross and operating profits and projected capital expenditures. The Company&#x2019;s methodology also includes the use of estimated
discount rates based upon industry and competitor analysis as well as other factors. Calculating the fair value of the reporting units
requires significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions regarding the fair value of the reporting
units prove to be incorrect, the Company may be required to record impairments to its goodwill in future periods and such impairments
could be material.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_845_eus-gaap--AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock_zZgVf7mM5h1j" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_865_zo5P44NgynUl"&gt;Advertising
Expense&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cost
of advertising is charged to selling, general and administrative expenses in the period in which it is incurred. In fiscal 2022, fiscal
2021, and fiscal 2020, advertising expense was $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zgeK1ARXiiPa" title="Advertising expense"&gt;17.0&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zlmUQ0JTEb68" title="Advertising expense"&gt;15.3&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zbODDzgYtSt2" title="Advertising expense"&gt;15.7 &lt;/span&gt;million, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">17000000.0</us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">15300000</us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">15700000</us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense>
    <us-gaap:InternalUseSoftwarePolicy contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--InternalUseSoftwarePolicy_zmnfHinLOYJ1" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86A_z1CJGOLOOcya"&gt;Capitalized
Internal Use Software Costs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_901_ecustom--InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_z10bUC9d2ZW1" title="Internal use software policy description"&gt;The
Company capitalizes the cost of internal-use software that has a useful life in excess of one year&lt;/span&gt;. These costs consist of payments made
to third parties and the salaries of employees working on such software development. Subsequent additions, modifications or upgrades
to internal-use software are capitalized only to the extent that they allow the software to perform a task it previously did not perform.
Software maintenance and training costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. Capitalized internal use software costs
are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Amortization expense related to such capitalized software in
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zTkdN715jAaf" title="Amortization expense"&gt;12.2&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_z0xHy2p2CmNj" title="Amortization expense"&gt;12.6&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zMb9qeNR61Vc" title="Amortization expense"&gt;14.6&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively. Unamortized capitalized
internal use software costs at July 31, 2022 and 2021 were $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_z74UB0pqhFce" title="Unamortized capital expense"&gt;18.7&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet_iI_pn5n6_c20210731_z3XUpM4OzWak" title="Unamortized capital expense"&gt;16.7&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:InternalUseSoftwarePolicy>
    <IDT:InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember">The
Company capitalizes the cost of internal-use software that has a useful life in excess of one year</IDT:InternalUseSoftwarePolicyDescription>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">12200000</us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">12600000</us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">14600000</us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">18700000</us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">16700000</us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet>
    <us-gaap:MaintenanceCostPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--MaintenanceCostPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zEabTVuL3aFj" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_861_zBKQkBAdawmf"&gt;Repairs
and Maintenance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company charges the cost of repairs and maintenance, including the cost of replacing minor items not constituting substantial betterment,
to selling, general and administrative expenses as these costs are incurred.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:MaintenanceCostPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_znN5iIHE84Ab" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_860_zveKvx0e7gGj"&gt;Foreign
Currency Translation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Assets
and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries denominated in foreign currencies are translated to U.S. Dollars at end-of-period rates of exchange,
and their monthly results of operations are translated to U.S. Dollars at the average rates of exchange for that month. Gains or losses
resulting from such foreign currency translations are recorded in &#x201c;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#x201d; in the accompanying
consolidated balance sheets. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are reported in &#x201c;Other  (expense) income, net&#x201d;
in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock_z6WwL3vt2J3a" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_868_zYd8c9Xk6ov7"&gt;Income
Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between
the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance is
provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The ultimate realization
of deferred tax assets depends on the generation of future taxable income during the period in which related temporary differences become
deductible. The Company considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning
strategies in its assessment of a valuation allowance. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected
to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred
tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date of such change.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company uses a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Company
determines whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related
appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. In evaluating whether a tax position has met the more-likely-than-not
recognition threshold, the Company presumes that the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority that has full knowledge
of all relevant information. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured to determine the amount
of tax benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater
than &lt;span id="xdx_900_ecustom--IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731_zw7TL0u2T9Oc" title="Tax position ultimate settlement, percentage"&gt;50&lt;/span&gt; percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Differences between tax positions taken in a tax return and amounts
recognized in the financial statements will generally result in one or more of the following: an increase in a liability for income taxes
payable, a reduction of an income tax refund receivable, a reduction in a deferred tax asset, or an increase in a deferred tax liability.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company classifies interest and penalties on income taxes as a component of income tax expense.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock>
    <IDT:IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.50</IDT:IncomeTaxUncertaintiesPolicyLargestAmountOfBenefitGreaterThanPercentage>
    <us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock_zqNZT25oW154" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_866_zUzWSVvmKLCc"&gt;Contingencies&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company accrues for loss contingencies when both (a) information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that
it is probable that a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and (b) the amount of loss can reasonably be
estimated. When the Company accrues for loss contingencies and the reasonable estimate of the loss is within a range, the Company records
its best estimate within the range. When no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the Company accrues the
minimum amount in the range. The Company discloses an estimated possible loss or a range of loss when it is at least reasonably possible
that a loss may have been incurred.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_z1VPUK5SqNsg" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Earnings
Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Basic
earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted
average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is determined
in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject
to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect
of such increase is anti-dilutive.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zCai1jo6htfj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#x2019;s
common stockholders consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B2_z5qcTKZt2mo9" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220731_zySBngcBGso" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20200801__20210731_zlbnaU7SGrud" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20190801__20200731_ztjSOCoU3Hj1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zQxKEpBPTVnj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%"&gt;Basic weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;25,791&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;25,495&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;26,278&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Effect of dilutive securities:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_pn3n3_zYp8sJJ2t2Z8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;434&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;229&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_pn3n3_zMPcvguT2I0a" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Non-vested restricted Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;131&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;329&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;162&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pn3n3_z1WNdVoj22Qc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Diluted weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;26,356&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;26,053&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;26,441&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A9_zTh3EdSuty49" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_zX9UfD090Dvd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following outstanding stock options were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise prices of the
stock options were greater than the average market price of the Company&#x2019;s stock during the period:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_z0IMgsXdreCc" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Outstanding Stock Options Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20210801__20220731_ziVy1YAG88Bi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210731_z2ctN4mVtCg1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20190801__20200731_z9kgUsNgu6hf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_zmL8IBtck6af" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%; text-align: left"&gt;Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1018"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;535&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;1,138&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AB_zd2xEPMb0Vzj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zCai1jo6htfj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#x2019;s
common stockholders consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B2_z5qcTKZt2mo9" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220731_zySBngcBGso" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20200801__20210731_zlbnaU7SGrud" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20190801__20200731_ztjSOCoU3Hj1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zQxKEpBPTVnj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%"&gt;Basic weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;25,791&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;25,495&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;26,278&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Effect of dilutive securities:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_pn3n3_zYp8sJJ2t2Z8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;434&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;229&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_pn3n3_zMPcvguT2I0a" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Non-vested restricted Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;131&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;329&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;162&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pn3n3_z1WNdVoj22Qc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Diluted weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;26,356&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;26,053&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;26,441&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">25791000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">25495000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">26278000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">434000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">229000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">1000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">131000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">329000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">162000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">26356000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">26053000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">26441000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_zX9UfD090Dvd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following outstanding stock options were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise prices of the
stock options were greater than the average market price of the Company&#x2019;s stock during the period:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_z0IMgsXdreCc" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Outstanding Stock Options Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20210801__20220731_ziVy1YAG88Bi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210731_z2ctN4mVtCg1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20190801__20200731_z9kgUsNgu6hf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_zmL8IBtck6af" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%; text-align: left"&gt;Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1018"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;535&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;1,138&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">535000</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
    <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">1138000</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy_zqu8r0V0cRhe" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86C_zx1CojSxU2I3"&gt;Stock-Based
Compensation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company recognizes compensation expense for its grants of stock-based awards based on the estimated fair value on the grant date. Compensation
cost for awards is recognized using the straight-line method over the requisite service period, which is usually the vesting period.
Stock-based compensation is included in selling, general and administrative expense.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy>
    <us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk_znhwAvoxjdf8" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86A_zCH4Mz9ctLli"&gt;Vulnerability
Due to Certain Concentrations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Financial
instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, restricted
cash and cash equivalents, debt securities, equity investments, and trade accounts receivable. The Company holds cash and cash equivalents
at several major financial institutions, which often exceed FDIC insurance limits. Historically, the Company has not experienced any
losses due to such concentration of credit risk. The Company&#x2019;s temporary cash investments policy is to limit the dollar amount
of investments with any one financial institution and monitor the credit ratings of those institutions. While the Company may be exposed
to credit losses due to the nonperformance of the holders of its deposits, the Company does not expect the settlement of these transactions
to have a material effect on its results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Concentration
of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is limited due to the large number of customers in various geographic regions
and industry segments comprising the Company&#x2019;s customer base. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of consolidated revenues
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021 or fiscal 2020. However, the Company&#x2019;s five largest customers collectively accounted for &lt;span id="xdx_906_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zEw1r9vVAkha" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage"&gt;12.5&lt;/span&gt;%, &lt;span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zFCzrpoDpZy9" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage"&gt;14.5&lt;/span&gt;%,
and &lt;span id="xdx_905_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zNrOISyACj25" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage"&gt;12.7&lt;/span&gt;% of its consolidated revenues in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively. The Company&#x2019;s customers with
the five largest receivable balances collectively accounted for &lt;span id="xdx_904_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_zcSMxOh66T0c" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage"&gt;17.3&lt;/span&gt;% and &lt;span id="xdx_907_ecustom--ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember_z9iYulpHrwMd" title="Concentration risk threshold percentage"&gt;9.7&lt;/span&gt;% of the consolidated gross trade accounts receivable at
July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. This concentration of customers increases the Company&#x2019;s risk associated with nonpayment by
those customers. In an effort to reduce such risk, the Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its significant customers. In addition,
the Company attempts to mitigate the credit risk related to specific IDT Global (formerly known as Carrier Services) customers by also
buying services from the customer, in order to create an opportunity to offset its payables and receivables and reduce its net trade
receivable exposure risk. When it is practical to do so, the Company will increase its purchases from IDT Global customers with receivable
balances that exceed the Company&#x2019;s applicable payables in order to maximize the offset and reduce its credit risk.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk>
    <IDT:ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember_us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.125</IDT:ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage>
    <IDT:ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember_us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.145</IDT:ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage>
    <IDT:ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember_us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.127</IDT:ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage>
    <IDT:ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember_us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.173</IDT:ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage>
    <IDT:ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember_us-gaap_CustomerConcentrationRiskMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.097</IDT:ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage>
    <us-gaap:ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_840_eus-gaap--ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy_zZ7YtTcfygMi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_861_zjFTa0KNtKFl"&gt;Allowance
for Doubtful Accounts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company estimates the balance of its allowance for doubtful accounts by analyzing accounts receivable balances by age and applying historical
write-off and collection trend rates. The Company&#x2019;s estimates include separately providing for customer receivables based on specific
circumstances and credit conditions, and when it is deemed probable that the balance is uncollectible. Account balances are written off
against the allowance when it is determined that the receivable will not be recovered. The change in the allowance for doubtful accounts
is as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--AccountsReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossTableTextBlock_zpq3YYQehuCe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zcEBREfuOoxh" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Changes In Allowance For Doubtful Accounts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Balance at beginning of year&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Additions charged to costs and expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_F56_zNYKl1yf6NRi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Deductions (1)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Balance at&lt;/p&gt;
                                              &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;end of year&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; width: 36%; text-align: left"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zRVJ0PVvgvHd" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year"&gt;4,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zBY8ASCgn4M7" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Additions charged to costs and expenses"&gt;2,330&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_fKDEp_z9YRq8WtfBVk" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions"&gt;(886&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zN3yJZY6Dcgg" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year"&gt;5,882&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zdrHdxASTHI6" style="text-align: right"&gt;6,085&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zb1HgVFpdnEk" style="text-align: right"&gt;1,782&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_di_c20200801__20210731_fKDEp_zSFxwFPdLVc1" style="text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions"&gt;(3,429&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zrNccr5ED8xg" style="text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year"&gt;4,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zqjzRGQaCQQ" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year"&gt;5,444&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_z2cjL1yX5Y94" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Additions charged to costs and expenses"&gt;3,109&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731_fKDEp_zrOYhe8ptA9l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions"&gt;(2,468&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zOEwt4Km9Zs1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year"&gt;6,085&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F08_zjquKOqRBlAk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F16_zVIaBGAJ6iC" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Primarily uncollectible
accounts written off, net of recoveries.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A8_zsmavfKjA0p3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: -0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:ReceivablesTradeAndOtherAccountsReceivableAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsPolicy>
    <us-gaap:AccountsReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--AccountsReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossTableTextBlock_zpq3YYQehuCe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zcEBREfuOoxh" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Changes In Allowance For Doubtful Accounts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Balance at beginning of year&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Additions charged to costs and expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_F56_zNYKl1yf6NRi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Deductions (1)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Balance at&lt;/p&gt;
                                              &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;end of year&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; width: 36%; text-align: left"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zRVJ0PVvgvHd" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year"&gt;4,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zBY8ASCgn4M7" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Additions charged to costs and expenses"&gt;2,330&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_fKDEp_z9YRq8WtfBVk" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions"&gt;(886&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zN3yJZY6Dcgg" style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year"&gt;5,882&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zdrHdxASTHI6" style="text-align: right"&gt;6,085&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zb1HgVFpdnEk" style="text-align: right"&gt;1,782&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_di_c20200801__20210731_fKDEp_zSFxwFPdLVc1" style="text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions"&gt;(3,429&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zrNccr5ED8xg" style="text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year"&gt;4,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from accounts receivable:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zqjzRGQaCQQ" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at beginning of year"&gt;5,444&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_z2cjL1yX5Y94" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Additions charged to costs and expenses"&gt;3,109&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731_fKDEp_zrOYhe8ptA9l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Deductions"&gt;(2,468&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iE_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zOEwt4Km9Zs1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts, Balance at end of year"&gt;6,085&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F08_zjquKOqRBlAk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F16_zVIaBGAJ6iC" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Primarily uncollectible
accounts written off, net of recoveries.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

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    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">4438000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent>
    <us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2330000</us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts>
    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001044"
      unitRef="USD">886000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs>
    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">5882000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">6085000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent>
    <us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1782000</us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts>
    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001050"
      unitRef="USD">3429000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs>
    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">4438000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent contextRef="AsOf2019-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">5444000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent>
    <us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3109000</us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts>
    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001058"
      unitRef="USD">2468000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableWriteOffs>
    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">6085000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_848_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zXydR0TINMo1" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_861_zCwkxBMxGsG6"&gt;Fair
Value Measurements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Fair
value of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities is defined as an exit price, which is the price that would be received to
sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The three-tier
hierarchy for inputs used to measure fair value, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, is
as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Level
    1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;quoted
    prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Level
    2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;quoted
    prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly
    or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Level
    3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;unobservable
    inputs based on the Company&#x2019;s assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;A
financial asset or liability&#x2019;s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant
to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment
and may affect the valuation of the assets and liabilities being measured and their placement within the fair value hierarchy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_848_eus-gaap--LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_zmcLQ4tq5J7j" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_865_zrUb2fJyqWub"&gt;Leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company accounts for its leases under ASU No. 2016-02, &lt;i&gt;Leases (Topic 842)&lt;/i&gt;, and the amendments thereto (collectively referred
to as &#x201c;ASC 842&#x201d;). ASC 842 established a right-of-use (&#x201c;ROU&#x201d;) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU
asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet on the lease commencement date for all leases with terms longer than 12 months.
Leases are classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income
statement. The lease liability represents the present value of the Company&#x2019;s obligation to make payments over the lease term.
The present value of the lease payments is calculated using the incremental borrowing rate based on the rate of interest that the
Company would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. Operating
leases with a term of 12 months or less are not recorded in the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheets and the Company
recognizes lease cost for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zu65AVpNz1Zi" style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_862_z3mgFYTAcLF1"&gt;Recently
Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;In June 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&#x201c;FASB&#x201d;),
issued ASU No. 2022-03, &lt;i&gt;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual
Sale Restrictions,&lt;/i&gt; that clarifies that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit
of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value. The ASU also requires specific disclosures
related to equity securities that are subject to contractual sales restrictions. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU prospectively
on August 1, 2024. The Company is evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, &lt;i&gt;Financial
Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses (Topic 326)&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,&lt;/i&gt; that changes the
impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For receivables, loans and other instruments, entities
will be required to use a new forward-looking current expected credit loss model that generally will result in the earlier
recognition of allowance for losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, entities will measure credit
losses in a manner similar to current practice, except the losses will be recognized as allowances instead of reductions in the
amortized cost of the securities. In addition, an entity will have to disclose significantly more information about allowances,
credit quality indicators, and past due securities. The new provisions will be applied as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained
earnings. The Company will adopt the new standard on August 1, 2023. The Company is evaluating the impact that the new standard will
have on its consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_80B_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_zvCGjcpErQd5" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
2&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82E_zZD4vgYFskz3"&gt;Business Segment Information&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company has &lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--NumberOfReportableSegments_dc_uInteger_c20210801__20220731_zCvNdS7aCEoc" title="Number of Reportable Segments"&gt;three&lt;/span&gt; reportable business segments, Fintech, net2phone, and Traditional Communications. The Company&#x2019;s reportable
segments are distinguished by types of service, customers, and methods used to provide their services. The operating results of these
business segments are regularly reviewed by the Company&#x2019;s chief operating decision maker. The accounting policies of the segments
are the same as the accounting policies of the Company as a whole. There are no significant asymmetrical allocations to segments. The
Company evaluates the performance of its business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In fiscal 2022, a line of business was reclassified to the net2phone segment from the Traditional Communications segment. Comparative
segment information has been reclassified and restated in all periods to conform to the current period presentation.&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Fintech segment is comprised of National Retail Solutions (&#x201c;NRS&#x201d;), an operator of a nationwide point of sale (&#x201c;POS&#x201d;)
network providing payment processing, digital advertising, transaction data, and ancillary services, and BOSS Money, a provider of international
money remittance and related value/payment transfer services.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
net2phone segment is comprised of net2phone&#x2019;s cloud communications offerings.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Traditional Communications segment includes Mobile Top-Up, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging,
and data to international and domestic mobile accounts, BOSS Revolution Calling, an international long-distance calling service marketed
primarily to immigrant communities in the United States and Canada, and IDT Global, a wholesale provider of international voice and SMS
termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional Communications also includes other small
businesses and offerings including early-stage business initiatives and mature businesses in harvest mode.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
costs mainly include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing,
corporate governance including Board of Directors&#x2019; fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance,
corporate legal,  and other corporate-related general and administrative
expenses. Corporate does not generate any revenues, nor does it incur any direct cost of revenues.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zFx7m7oh6GJ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
results for the business segments of the Company were as follows:&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zbSIAqpnbWqa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;net2phone&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Corporate&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Year ended July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 35%"&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;108,764&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z42x8vKKu0k7" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;58,185&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,197,108&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1081"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,364,057&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Income (loss) from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_ztMyoVwYU0H7" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;5,315&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zIpxmXHxaQBj" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(11,132&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zXFsWMaUn2Ud" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;74,832&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zI6Hu4Ehdh64" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(8,926&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zvyhlyvFULd3" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;60,089&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Depreciation and amortization&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zqROX8DuXO61" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(2,724&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zdzESilBpchi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(5,374&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zKaNGj2kG4va" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(9,940&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zIkvTsmJ9Zbk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(77&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zHIkXZxrwhN9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(18,115&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Year ended July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;74,344&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zaFna9HqTi9l" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;44,502&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,328,144&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1111"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zQZBKOont0Yb" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,446,990&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;(Loss) income from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zs83vaHUkzpb" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(1,462&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zEafzoQcAok2" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(15,460&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zNuZLkpfDJ86" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;81,305&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_z4xYfEv9ofZd" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(7,393&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_ziUCniSjA0y6" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;56,990&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Depreciation and amortization&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zMEminSB2yn3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(1,751&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z3WgUmxLqs43" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(5,053&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zJNtZZez9Rvc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(10,884&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_z3BwKASR4lx3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(76&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731_zW6illvWozz4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(17,764&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Year ended July 31, 2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;59,924&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zEFJs1Tfi4zg" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;32,454&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,253,391&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1141"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,345,769&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Income (loss) from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zoY9R0gbIbzf" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;3,381&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zVGA9wKWvJJk" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(16,765&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_z8cc1Ppi2iB6" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;40,985&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zBTn1A4e3ro7" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(9,659&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zZUhIaAu2aFi" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;17,942&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Depreciation and amortization&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zSTQ7PZpdjDl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(1,524&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zlrvIfyTswha" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(4,147&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zVdski2uSNs9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(14,689&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zIN3ogtFgTmg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(46&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731_zOruntUDX3f" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(20,406&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


&lt;p id="xdx_8A4_zKlKjVnGDFCi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
assets for the reportable segments are not provided because a significant portion of the Company&#x2019;s assets are servicing multiple
segments and the Company does not track such assets separately by segment.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Geographic
Information&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--LongLivedAssetsByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_z0nYhZI85Mff" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Net
long-lived assets and total assets held outside of the United States, which are located primarily in Western Europe, were as follows:&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BC_zF2I5j7KYLT" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Net Long-lived Assets and Total Assets by Geographic Areas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;United&lt;/p&gt;
                                                           &lt;p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Other&lt;/p&gt;
                                                           &lt;p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Countries&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%; text-align: left"&gt;Long-lived assets, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_c20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net"&gt;22,732&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OtherCountriesMember_znGBafI0vj21" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net"&gt;14,134&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_c20220731_pn3n3" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net"&gt;36,866&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Assets_c20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total assets"&gt;254,839&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OtherCountriesMember_zlK5MgU1wq5k" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total assets"&gt;242,255&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Assets_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total assets"&gt;497,094&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Long-lived assets, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_c20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net"&gt;17,949&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OtherCountriesMember_zqTGM7p4FnZ5" style="text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net"&gt;12,880&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_c20210731_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net"&gt;30,829&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Assets_c20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total assets"&gt;228,328&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OtherCountriesMember_zKpWPFCpXCid" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total assets"&gt;284,327&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Assets_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total assets"&gt;512,655&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


&lt;p id="xdx_8A7_zESA3gqI7I08" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Integer">3</us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zFx7m7oh6GJ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
results for the business segments of the Company were as follows:&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zbSIAqpnbWqa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;net2phone&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Corporate&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Year ended July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 35%"&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;108,764&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z42x8vKKu0k7" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;58,185&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,197,108&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1081"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220731_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,364,057&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Income (loss) from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_ztMyoVwYU0H7" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;5,315&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zIpxmXHxaQBj" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(11,132&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zXFsWMaUn2Ud" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;74,832&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zI6Hu4Ehdh64" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(8,926&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zvyhlyvFULd3" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;60,089&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Depreciation and amortization&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zqROX8DuXO61" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(2,724&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zdzESilBpchi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(5,374&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zKaNGj2kG4va" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(9,940&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zIkvTsmJ9Zbk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(77&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zHIkXZxrwhN9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(18,115&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Year ended July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;74,344&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zaFna9HqTi9l" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;44,502&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,328,144&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1111"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zQZBKOont0Yb" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,446,990&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;(Loss) income from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zs83vaHUkzpb" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(1,462&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zEafzoQcAok2" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(15,460&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zNuZLkpfDJ86" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;81,305&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_z4xYfEv9ofZd" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(7,393&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_ziUCniSjA0y6" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;56,990&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Depreciation and amortization&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zMEminSB2yn3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(1,751&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z3WgUmxLqs43" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(5,053&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zJNtZZez9Rvc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(10,884&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_z3BwKASR4lx3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(76&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20200801__20210731_zW6illvWozz4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(17,764&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Year ended July 31, 2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;59,924&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zEFJs1Tfi4zg" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;32,454&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,253,391&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1141"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,345,769&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Income (loss) from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zoY9R0gbIbzf" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;3,381&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zVGA9wKWvJJk" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(16,765&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_z8cc1Ppi2iB6" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;40,985&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zBTn1A4e3ro7" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;(9,659&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zZUhIaAu2aFi" style="text-align: right" title="Income (loss) from operations"&gt;17,942&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Depreciation and amortization&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zSTQ7PZpdjDl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(1,524&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zlrvIfyTswha" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(4,147&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zVdski2uSNs9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(14,689&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_zIN3ogtFgTmg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(46&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_pn3n3_di_c20190801__20200731_zOruntUDX3f" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Depreciation and amortization"&gt;(20,406&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


</us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">108764000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">58185000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1197108000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1364057000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5315000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-11132000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">74832000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-8926000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">60089000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2724000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5374000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">9940000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">77000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">18115000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">74344000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">44502000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1328144000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1446990000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1462000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-15460000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">81305000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-7393000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">56990000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1751000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5053000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">10884000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">76000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">17764000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">59924000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">32454000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1253391000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1345769000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3381000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-16765000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">40985000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-9659000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">17942000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1524000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4147000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">14689000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">46000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">20406000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:LongLivedAssetsByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--LongLivedAssetsByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_z0nYhZI85Mff" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Net
long-lived assets and total assets held outside of the United States, which are located primarily in Western Europe, were as follows:&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BC_zF2I5j7KYLT" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Net Long-lived Assets and Total Assets by Geographic Areas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;United&lt;/p&gt;
                                                           &lt;p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;States&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Other&lt;/p&gt;
                                                           &lt;p style="text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Countries&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%; text-align: left"&gt;Long-lived assets, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_c20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net"&gt;22,732&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OtherCountriesMember_znGBafI0vj21" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net"&gt;14,134&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_c20220731_pn3n3" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net"&gt;36,866&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Assets_c20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total assets"&gt;254,839&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OtherCountriesMember_zlK5MgU1wq5k" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total assets"&gt;242,255&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Assets_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total assets"&gt;497,094&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Long-lived assets, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_c20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net"&gt;17,949&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OtherCountriesMember_zqTGM7p4FnZ5" style="text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net"&gt;12,880&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_c20210731_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Long-lived assets, net"&gt;30,829&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Assets_c20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total assets"&gt;228,328&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OtherCountriesMember_zKpWPFCpXCid" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total assets"&gt;284,327&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Assets_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total assets"&gt;512,655&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


</us-gaap:LongLivedAssetsByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock>
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      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_country_US"
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      unitRef="USD">22732000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_OtherCountriesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">14134000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">36866000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
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      unitRef="USD">254839000</us-gaap:Assets>
    <us-gaap:Assets
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_OtherCountriesMember"
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      unitRef="USD">242255000</us-gaap:Assets>
    <us-gaap:Assets contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">497094000</us-gaap:Assets>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">17949000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
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      unitRef="USD">12880000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">30829000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
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      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">228328000</us-gaap:Assets>
    <us-gaap:Assets
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_OtherCountriesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">284327000</us-gaap:Assets>
    <us-gaap:Assets contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">512655000</us-gaap:Assets>
    <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_z7t1q83LVaz2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
3&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82D_zDAavVDDcte1"&gt;Revenue Recognition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Contracts
with Customers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;The Company earns revenue from contracts with customers, primarily
through the provision of retail telecommunications and payment offerings as well as wholesale international voice and SMS termination.
BOSS Money, NRS, and net2phone are technology-driven, synergistic businesses that leverage the Company&#x2019;s core assets. BOSS Money
and NRS&#x2019; revenues are primarily recognized at a point in time, and net2phone&#x2019;s revenue is mainly recognized over time. Traditional
Communications are mostly minute-based, paid-voice communications services, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time. The
Company&#x2019;s most significant revenue streams are from Mobile Top-Up, BOSS Revolution Calling, and IDT Global. Mobile Top-Up and BOSS
Revolution Calling are sold direct-to-consumers and through distributors and retailers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Mobile
Top-Up&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Mobile
Top-Up is sold direct-to-consumers and through distributors and retailers in the same manner as BOSS Revolution Calling. The Company
does not terminate the minutes in its Mobile Top-Up transactions. The Company&#x2019;s performance obligation is to recharge (top-up)
the airtime balance of a mobile account on behalf of the Company&#x2019;s customer. The Company has contracts with various mobile operators
or aggregators to provide the Mobile Top-Up service. The Company determined that it is the principal in primarily all its Mobile Top-Up
transactions as the Company controls the service to top-up a mobile account on behalf of the Company&#x2019;s customer. However, for the
portion of its Mobile Top-Up business where the Company has no customer service responsibilities, no inventory risk, and does not establish
the price, the Company determined that, as the Company is not considered to control the arrangement, it acts as an agent of the mobile
operators. The Company records gross revenues based on the amount billed to the customer when it is the principal in the arrangement
and records revenue net of the associated costs incurred when it acts as an agent in the arrangement. The performance obligation is satisfied,
and revenue is recognized when the recharge of the mobile account occurs. Accordingly, transfer of control happens at the point in time
that the airtime is recharged, which is when the Company has a right to payment and the customer has accepted the service.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;BOSS
Revolution Calling direct-to-consumers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;BOSS Revolution Calling direct-to-consumers is offered on a pay-as-you-go
basis or in unlimited plans. The customer prepays for service in both cases, which results in a contract liability (deferred revenue).
The contract term for pay-as-you-go plans is minute-to-minute that includes separate performance obligations for the series of material
rights to renew the contract. The performance obligation is satisfied immediately after it arises, and the amount of consideration is
known when the obligation is satisfied. Since the Company&#x2019;s satisfaction of its performance obligation and the customer&#x2019;s
use of the service occur simultaneously, the Company recognizes revenue at the point in time when minutes are utilized, since the customer
obtained control and the Company has a present right to payment. For unlimited plans, the Company has a stand-ready obligation to provide
service over time for an agreed upon term. Unlimited plans include fixed consideration over the term. Plan fees for unlimited plans are
generally refundable at the request of the customer up to three days after payment if there was no usage. Since the Company&#x2019;s satisfaction
of its performance obligation and the customer&#x2019;s use of the service occur over the term of the plan, the Company recognizes revenue
over a period of time as the service is rendered. The Company uses an output method as time elapses because it reflects the pattern by
which the Company satisfies its performance obligation through the transfer of service to the customer. The fixed upfront consideration
is recognized evenly over the service period, which is generally 24 hours, 7 days, or one month.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;BOSS
Revolution Calling sold through distributors and retailers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;BOSS
Revolution Calling sold through distributors and retailers is the same service as BOSS Revolution Calling sold direct-to-consumers.
The Company sells capacity to international calling minutes to retailers, or to distributors who resell to retailers. The retailer
or distributor is the Company&#x2019;s customer in these transactions. The Company&#x2019;s sales price to retailers and distributors,
net of discounts, is less than the end user rate for BOSS Revolution Calling minutes. The customer or the Company may terminate
their agreement at any time upon thirty days written notice without penalty. Retailers may sell BOSS Revolution Calling on a
pay-as-you-go basis or in unlimited plans. As described above, for pay-as-you-go, the Company recognizes revenue at the point in
time when minutes are utilized, and for unlimited plans, the Company recognizes revenue over a period of time as the service is
rendered. Retailers and distributors also receive initial commissions upon sale to end users, and renewal commissions when certain
end users subsequently purchase minutes directly from the Company. Initial and renewal commission payments are accounted for as a
reduction of the transaction price over time as the end user uses the service.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
Global&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
Global services are offered to both postpaid and prepaid customers. Postpaid customers are billed in arrears and typically consist of
credit-worthy companies such as Tier 1 carriers and mobile network operators. Prepaid customers are typically smaller communications
companies and independent call aggregators. There is no performance obligation until the transport and termination of international long-distance
calls commences. The initial contract durations range from six months to one year with successive extensions. During the initial term,
the contract can only be terminated in certain instances (such as bankruptcy of either party, damage to the other party&#x2019;s network,
fraud, or breach of contract). However, no penalties are applied if the agreement is terminated in the initial term. After the initial
term has expired, either party may terminate the agreement with notice of 30 days to 60 days depending on the agreement. The term of
the contract is essentially minute-to-minute as there is no penalty for an early termination and no obligation to send traffic.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Each
iteration is a separate optional purchase that is occurring over the contract duration (that is, minute-by-minute). The satisfaction
of the performance obligation is occurring at a point in time (as the minutes are transferred) because the provision of the service and
the satisfaction of the performance obligation are essentially occurring simultaneously. Revenue is recognized at the point in time upon
delivery of the service.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company has not generally entered into contracts that have retroactive pricing features. Additionally, as the performance obligations
are considered minute-by-minute obligations in the original contract, any modification of the original contract that leads to a conclusion
that there is a new contract would not result in any adjustment related to the original contract&#x2019;s consideration.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company provides discounts to its larger customers based on the expectation of a significant volume of minutes that are consistent with
that class of customer in the wholesale carrier market. The discounts do not provide a material right to the customer because the customer
receives the same pricing for all usage under the contract.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
Global&#x2019;s contracts may include tiered pricing based on minute volumes. The Company determined that its retroactive tiered pricing
should be accounted for as variable consideration because the final transaction price is unknown until the customer completes or fails
to complete the specified threshold. Currently, contracts with retroactive tiered pricing are not material. The Company estimates the
amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price only to the extent that it is probable that a subsequent change
in the estimate would not result in a significant revenue reversal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company enters into Notification of Reciprocal Transmission (&#x201c;NORT&#x201d;) transactions, in which the Company commits to purchase
a specific number of wholesale carrier minutes to other specific destinations at specified rates, and the counterparty commits to purchase
from the Company a specific number of minutes to specific destinations at specified rates. The number of minutes purchased and sold is
not necessarily the same. The rates in these reciprocal transactions are generally not at prevailing market rates, and the amounts paid
to the counterparty in excess of market rates are reflected as a reduction in revenue received from the customer. In addition, the Company
enters into transactions in which it swaps minutes with another carrier. The Company recognizes revenue and the related direct cost of
revenue for these reciprocal and swap transactions based on the fair value of the minutes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
Global&#x2019;s NORT contracts include the promise of minimum guaranteed amounts of traffic. The performance obligation represents a stand
ready obligation to provide the specified number of minutes over the contractual term. The initial terms of NORT contracts generally
range from one month to six months. Since the Company&#x2019;s satisfaction of its performance obligation of routing calls to their destination
includes a minimum guaranteed amount of traffic, the Company recognizes revenue over a period of time as the service is rendered. The
customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company&#x2019;s performance as the Company performs. The Company
uses an output method as the usage of minutes occur because it reflects the pattern by which the Company satisfies its performance obligation
through the transfer of service to the customer.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Disaggregated
Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_z2AMuiRKAEfc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table shows the Company&#x2019;s revenues disaggregated by business segment and service offered to customers:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_zq0lpdJETNRl" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210801__20220731_zoVptIWb6Yo5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20200801__20210731_zWmhl9cCaQIl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20190801__20200731_zTe4guqhgLfc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zsBIZm0OYaa1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%; text-align: left"&gt;BOSS Money&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;57,464&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;49,595&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;47,944&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zEeuxgMRE2Tb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;National Retail Solutions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;51,300&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;24,749&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,980&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z5CPuDva9FAb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Total Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;108,764&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;74,344&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;59,924&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_ztdr6O02RCq" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;net2phone&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;58,185&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;44,502&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;32,454&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--MobileTopUpMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zJTITp03ULfj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Mobile Top-Up&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;473,213&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;461,603&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;334,424&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionCallingMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zoQo6XbMWFb9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;BOSS Revolution Calling&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;387,936&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;455,244&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;468,255&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTGlobalMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_znqHELqNvy8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;IDT Global&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;292,337&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;360,996&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;394,334&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zXTGHh3eBEz5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;43,622&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;50,301&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;56,378&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zUNu44m9Q4Il" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Total Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,197,108&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,328,144&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,253,391&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zwTm847kcvB1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,364,057&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,446,990&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,345,769&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AA_zxUJ22gzvTIf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_zpx73K4npumg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table shows the Company&#x2019;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location.
On July 31, 2020, the Company restructured certain operations for tax purposes resulting in the change of geographic sourcing of revenues
from the Netherlands to the United States, and on February 1, 2021, geographic sourcing was changed from the United States to the United
Kingdom.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zsHDWi35VCpc" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;net2phone&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Year ended July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 28%; text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zUzxBjuzEMh5" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;106,768&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zAl2h7EcViN4" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;30,105&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zNQCiKBVfXNb" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;836,483&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_z8xDGylOPpPi" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;973,356&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zDAScKhePqNi" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1245"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zZ1cQ6ydujM" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1247"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zbseknQHfkR9" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;311,847&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z6mYeiAUcFDf" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;311,847&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Netherlands&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zxvQRVSlA9d6" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1253"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zXZJSmULB2jc" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;30&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zPCkj3yAzB8" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1257"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zpJeDiCq7cV" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;30&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zc06X7wuwo3k" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;1,996&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zvhhAIFL2FR5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;28,050&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zI5ifgvfVWic" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;48,778&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zb8rBqRbGyR" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;78,824&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zKw1hluzHRdi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;1,996&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zhCtcQA3kQIb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;28,080&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zIO6AxuBEQNk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;360,625&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zwVUcQfbHu7k" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;390,701&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z2b4vZgF3X0d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;108,764&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_ziLLRbNBDjl4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;58,185&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zX51BPxKONO3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,197,108&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z5MRRIrj2CM5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,364,057&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Year ended July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zKbzOO4jI4Kh" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;74,344&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_z9EDAl4khawi" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;23,093&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zCZ9F10Sjm22" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,033,814&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zviMcWrDfzwk" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,131,251&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z2nLGU7ixpAj" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1293"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zbzqQUOyMHqf" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1295"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zRCzvXXnUqHd" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;241,590&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zt9yo0fUxeP2" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;241,590&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Netherlands&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zrC5FSkMEMm6" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1301"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_z8mufF40Nau7" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;28&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zlnJvEbfcDd4" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1305"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zphYQ2mykWW3" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;28&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zPMBoKABKGHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1309"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zouoKFBIKx9a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;21,381&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zD9gZPu7zHw4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;52,740&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zVfQnN7vykQ8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;74,121&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zdJbGhACHahg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1317"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zWtqO6VcB6tj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;21,409&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zZIegFqRXVDi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;294,330&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zqPG09GADM6l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;315,739&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zVYcfCViJZFj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;74,344&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zVCDkdFHg0U3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;44,502&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zpdm7NVwlhx1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,328,144&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zQQ05dgkRsVk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,446,990&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Year ended July 31, 2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zuRm8NZYnkZf" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;59,924&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zjLbacMjhEp3" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;15,506&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;849,920&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;925,350&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zsYNmkKpC1Vh" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1341"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zFWvgYl4KYj1" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;12&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zUQ3C4KbY3qg" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;131,704&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z1JwDNCLhDrk" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;131,716&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Netherlands&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zU73O3QGK5l7" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1349"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zEZwIdeeqP62" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zovRBcXYWDU4" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;210,729&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_za4d6TfUm9R9" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;210,743&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zwIOEWDDBnD6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1357"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zsbpBeygSD9d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;16,922&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zQX1miA9U4Dj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;61,038&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zHjpw1n7Czs" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;77,960&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_z2KizIPdDGYj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1365"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zgiE4PR6d9tc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;16,948&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zIJPMaAzq3I4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;403,471&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zVBczeEikDZe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;420,419&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z4oTw2h7NnZb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;59,924&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zf7KQQfebmga" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;32,454&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zdSIyIaydFb3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,253,391&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zkXVJtOw46e" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,345,769&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A8_zgW4ClXi3COe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Remaining
Performance Obligations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company does not have any significant revenue from performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous reporting periods.
The Company&#x2019;s remaining performance obligations at July 31, 2022 and 2021 had an original expected duration of one year or less.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Accounts
Receivable and Contract Balances&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to the Company&#x2019;s customers. Trade accounts receivable in the
Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheets represent unconditional rights to consideration. The Company would record a contract asset
when revenue is recognized in advance of its right to bill and receive consideration. The Company has not identified any contract assets.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Contract
liabilities arise when the Company receives consideration or bills its customers prior to providing the goods or services promised in
the contract. The Company&#x2019;s contract liability balance is primarily payments received for prepaid BOSS Revolution Calling. Contract
liabilities are recognized as revenue when services are provided to the customer. The Company estimates its expected breakage revenue
by revenue stream recorded each month, based on inputs and assumptions about usage of the deferred revenue balances. The Company used
its historical deferred revenue usage data by revenue stream to calculate the percentage of deferred revenue by month that will become
breakage. The historical data indicated that customers utilize a very high percentage of minutes purchased in the first three months.
The Company reviews its estimates quarterly based on updated data and adjusts the monthly estimates accordingly.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
contract liability balances are presented in the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheets as &#x201c;Deferred revenue&#x201d;. The Company&#x2019;s
revenue recognized in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning
of the period was $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_z4B3EycM4Je9" title="Contract liability"&gt;28.2&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zkmSElyDmdrj" title="Contract liability"&gt;28.7&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_z3AZozrkbtii" title="Contract liability"&gt;32.3&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition and Fulfillment Costs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company recognizes its incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer that it expects to recover as an asset. The Company&#x2019;s
incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are sales commissions paid to employees and third parties on sales to end users.
If the amortization period would be one year or less for the asset that would be recognized from deferring these costs, the Company applies
the practical expedient whereby the Company charges these costs to expense when incurred. For net2phone sales, the Company defers
these costs and amortizes them over the expected customer relationship period when it is expected to exceed one year.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s costs to fulfill its contracts do not meet the criteria to be recognized as an asset, therefore these costs are charged
to expense as incurred.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_zjMj52DQTL5g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zBgmSxqFIDS8" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220731_zQf8hTZrh0n4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210731_zOsM5mIAv2Hf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zezOgz9l2dZe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#x201c;Other current assets&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;4,085&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;3,460&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zWRjXgDdUY34" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#x201c;Other assets&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,469&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,151&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCCNzHg2_zb3mBx2LWtTi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;7,554&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;6,611&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A2_zAc6yEOWIX7b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company&#x2019;s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs was $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zMfki94k6Mw2" title="Capitalized contract cost, amortization"&gt;4.4&lt;/span&gt;
million, $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zW258ubLlzT9" title="Capitalized contract cost, amortization"&gt;3.6&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zzsstQyyWL1a" title="Capitalized contract cost, amortization"&gt;2.4&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_z2AMuiRKAEfc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table shows the Company&#x2019;s revenues disaggregated by business segment and service offered to customers:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_zq0lpdJETNRl" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210801__20220731_zoVptIWb6Yo5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20200801__20210731_zWmhl9cCaQIl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20190801__20200731_zTe4guqhgLfc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zsBIZm0OYaa1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%; text-align: left"&gt;BOSS Money&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;57,464&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;49,595&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;47,944&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zEeuxgMRE2Tb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;National Retail Solutions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;51,300&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;24,749&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,980&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z5CPuDva9FAb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Total Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;108,764&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;74,344&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;59,924&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_ztdr6O02RCq" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;net2phone&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;58,185&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;44,502&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;32,454&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--MobileTopUpMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zJTITp03ULfj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Mobile Top-Up&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;473,213&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;461,603&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;334,424&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionCallingMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zoQo6XbMWFb9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;BOSS Revolution Calling&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;387,936&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;455,244&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;468,255&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTGlobalMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_znqHELqNvy8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;IDT Global&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;292,337&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;360,996&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;394,334&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zXTGHh3eBEz5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;43,622&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;50,301&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;56,378&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zUNu44m9Q4Il" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Total Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,197,108&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,328,144&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,253,391&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zwTm847kcvB1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,364,057&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,446,990&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,345,769&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">57464000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">49595000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">47944000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">51300000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">24749000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">11980000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">108764000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">74344000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">59924000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">58185000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">44502000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">32454000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_MobileTopUpMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">473213000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_MobileTopUpMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">461603000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_MobileTopUpMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">334424000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">387936000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">455244000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">468255000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">292337000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">360996000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">394334000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">43622000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">50301000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">56378000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1197108000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1328144000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1253391000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1364057000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1446990000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1345769000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_zpx73K4npumg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table shows the Company&#x2019;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location.
On July 31, 2020, the Company restructured certain operations for tax purposes resulting in the change of geographic sourcing of revenues
from the Netherlands to the United States, and on February 1, 2021, geographic sourcing was changed from the United States to the United
Kingdom.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zsHDWi35VCpc" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;net2phone&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Year ended July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 28%; text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zUzxBjuzEMh5" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;106,768&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zAl2h7EcViN4" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;30,105&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zNQCiKBVfXNb" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;836,483&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_z8xDGylOPpPi" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;973,356&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zDAScKhePqNi" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1245"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zZ1cQ6ydujM" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1247"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zbseknQHfkR9" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;311,847&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z6mYeiAUcFDf" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;311,847&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Netherlands&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zxvQRVSlA9d6" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1253"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zXZJSmULB2jc" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;30&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zPCkj3yAzB8" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1257"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zpJeDiCq7cV" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;30&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zc06X7wuwo3k" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;1,996&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zvhhAIFL2FR5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;28,050&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zI5ifgvfVWic" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;48,778&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zb8rBqRbGyR" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;78,824&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zKw1hluzHRdi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;1,996&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zhCtcQA3kQIb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;28,080&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zIO6AxuBEQNk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;360,625&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zwVUcQfbHu7k" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;390,701&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z2b4vZgF3X0d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;108,764&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_ziLLRbNBDjl4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;58,185&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zX51BPxKONO3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,197,108&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z5MRRIrj2CM5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,364,057&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Year ended July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zKbzOO4jI4Kh" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;74,344&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_z9EDAl4khawi" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;23,093&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zCZ9F10Sjm22" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,033,814&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zviMcWrDfzwk" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,131,251&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z2nLGU7ixpAj" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1293"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zbzqQUOyMHqf" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1295"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zRCzvXXnUqHd" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;241,590&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zt9yo0fUxeP2" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;241,590&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Netherlands&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zrC5FSkMEMm6" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1301"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_z8mufF40Nau7" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;28&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zlnJvEbfcDd4" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1305"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zphYQ2mykWW3" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;28&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zPMBoKABKGHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1309"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zouoKFBIKx9a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;21,381&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zD9gZPu7zHw4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;52,740&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zVfQnN7vykQ8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;74,121&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zdJbGhACHahg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1317"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zWtqO6VcB6tj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;21,409&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zZIegFqRXVDi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;294,330&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zqPG09GADM6l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;315,739&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zVYcfCViJZFj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;74,344&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zVCDkdFHg0U3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;44,502&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zpdm7NVwlhx1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,328,144&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zQQ05dgkRsVk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,446,990&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Year ended July 31, 2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zuRm8NZYnkZf" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;59,924&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zjLbacMjhEp3" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;15,506&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;849,920&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;925,350&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zsYNmkKpC1Vh" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1341"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zFWvgYl4KYj1" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;12&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zUQ3C4KbY3qg" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;131,704&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z1JwDNCLhDrk" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;131,716&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Netherlands&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zU73O3QGK5l7" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1349"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zEZwIdeeqP62" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_zovRBcXYWDU4" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;210,729&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--NL_za4d6TfUm9R9" style="text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;210,743&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zwIOEWDDBnD6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1357"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zsbpBeygSD9d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;16,922&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zQX1miA9U4Dj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;61,038&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zHjpw1n7Czs" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;77,960&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_z2KizIPdDGYj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1365"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zgiE4PR6d9tc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;16,948&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zIJPMaAzq3I4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;403,471&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zVBczeEikDZe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total outside the United States"&gt;420,419&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z4oTw2h7NnZb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;59,924&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zf7KQQfebmga" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;32,454&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zdSIyIaydFb3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,253,391&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zkXVJtOw46e" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,345,769&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_FintechMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">106768000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">30105000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">836483000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">973356000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_GB"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">311847000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_country_GB"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">311847000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_NL"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">30000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_country_NL"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">30000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_FintechMember_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1996000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">28050000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">48778000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">78824000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_FintechMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1996000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">28080000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">360625000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">390701000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">108764000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">58185000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1197108000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1364057000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_FintechMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">74344000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">23093000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1033814000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1131251000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_GB"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">241590000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_country_GB"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">241590000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_NL"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">28000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_country_NL"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">28000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">21381000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">52740000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">74121000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">21409000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">294330000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">315739000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">74344000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">44502000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1328144000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1446990000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_FintechMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">59924000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">15506000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">849920000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">925350000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_GB"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">12000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_GB"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">131704000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_country_GB"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">131716000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_country_NL"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">14000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_NL"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">210729000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_country_NL"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">210743000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">16922000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">61038000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">77960000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">16948000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">403471000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">420419000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">59924000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">32454000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1253391000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1345769000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">28200000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">28700000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">32300000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_zjMj52DQTL5g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zBgmSxqFIDS8" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220731_zQf8hTZrh0n4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210731_zOsM5mIAv2Hf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zezOgz9l2dZe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#x201c;Other current assets&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;4,085&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;3,460&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zWRjXgDdUY34" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#x201c;Other assets&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,469&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,151&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCCNzHg2_zb3mBx2LWtTi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;7,554&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;6,611&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">4085000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3460000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3469000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3151000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">7554000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">6611000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">4400000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">3600000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2400000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_zrKd1m4vXDBd" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
4&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82F_ztxA9EJapLLi"&gt;Leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s leases primarily consist of operating leases for office space. These leases have remaining terms from less than &lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zYxCyrCmeAJ" title="Lessee, operating lease, term of contract"&gt;one year&lt;/span&gt;
to &lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20220731__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zD26idsBX7oi" title="Lessee, operating lease, term of contract"&gt;six years&lt;/span&gt;. net2phone also has operating leases for office equipment. Certain of these leases include renewal options that may
be exercised and/or options to terminate the lease. The Company has concluded that it is not reasonably certain that it would exercise
the options to extend or terminate the leases.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;net2phone
is the lessee in equipment leases that are classified as finance leases. The assets and liabilities related to these finance leases are
not material to the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheets.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company leases office and parking space in a building and parking garage located at 520 Broad St, Newark, New Jersey that was owned
by the Company&#x2019;s former subsidiary, Rafael Holdings, Inc. (&#x201c;Rafael&#x201d;). On August 22, 2022, Rafael sold the building
and parking garage to an unrelated third party. The Company&#x2019;s lease in that building continues with the new owner. The Company
also leases office space in Israel from Rafael. Howard S. Jonas, the Chairman of the Company&#x2019;s Board of Directors, is also the
Chairman of the Board of Directors of Rafael. &lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--GeographicDistributionAxis__custom--NewarkMember_zeAvESdMBFj"&gt;The
Newark lease expires in April 2025 and the Israel lease expires in July 2025.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company incurred lease costs of $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zlMrNUCUATWe" title="Incurred lease cost"&gt;2.0&lt;/span&gt;
million, $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zHDP7kGllqN1" title="Incurred lease cost"&gt;1.9&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million,
and $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zdf2OD8dWrZf" title="Incurred lease cost"&gt;1.9&lt;/span&gt;
million, respectively, in connection with the Rafael leases, which is included in operating lease cost in the table
below.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zTJFJSZAJa6d" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#x2019;s operating leases were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zNa6ofDO51n5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20210801__20220731_z1S2hY4ARtRh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20200801__20210731_zXSa6iQx5bj1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20190801__20200731_zZWgiQtDAYF4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_zeeyn8Y0MIV2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%; text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease cost&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,901&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;2,824&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;2,832&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_pn3n3_zHZMTlraFZQi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Short-term lease cost&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,348&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;620&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;246&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_pn3n3_zEoTNCFvEkxj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;TOTAL LEASE COST&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;4,249&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,444&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,078&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zmsNQaahBOJ5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Operating cash flows from operating
leases&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,857&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,779&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,745&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_z1Vv5PIDUogj" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
                                 Operating cash flows from operating leases&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,857&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,779&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,745&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A5_zk4yxobstGcj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_898_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zDJNfRy6eUu4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zGSgIyGWL0X2"&gt;Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Weighted-average remaining lease term-operating leases&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20220731_zaWi3Q0amiNd" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term"&gt;2.8&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20210731_zTgb05g1LnY9" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term"&gt;3.4&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Weighted-average discount rate-operating leases&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20220731_z8NqJ2EULan6" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent"&gt;3.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210731_zAKQSYH1QMs" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent"&gt;2.9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A4_zmWWF1MloVH7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, the Company entered into new office leases with an aggregate operating lease liability of $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_z0Y8EVcvTafh" title="Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Operating Lease Liability"&gt;2.2&lt;/span&gt; million and
$&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zR1Fee62jHql" title="Operating lease liability"&gt;0.6&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively. The Company&#x2019;s aggregate operating lease liability was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_895_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zAAIUk95nBxh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zPbmUi06JKSi" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20220731_zdhnmAwfprXb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20210731_zjwAsQYhw4F2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zB0cbkHhqr06" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liabilities included in &#x201c;Other current liabilities&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,899&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;2,456&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zZVzmlBhhupg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;4,606&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,473&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzDbj_zlkLB5WtagU8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;7,505&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,929&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AC_zvdOKpuH7UP8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zSLCzSuBaqRh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zDJnto9PGgN5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20220731_zZ55U9dGbuoi"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Year ending July 31:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z90lglJVuHH6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 78%; text-align: left"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right"&gt;3,088&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zI6VveOvN2yd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,502&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z5Bw7R5JI8Z3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;2025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,872&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zI2T2BusnHg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;2026&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;194&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_znLagtLL0jGe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;2027&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;141&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zmDDto2Cz0A4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;48&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzXtU_zFkXH3CIGfy7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total lease payments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,845&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_z8ALbxkaEKi9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Less imputed interest&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(340&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total operating lease liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,505&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


&lt;p id="xdx_8A0_zn0KNAnwyOVc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"/&gt;&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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    <us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zTJFJSZAJa6d" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#x2019;s operating leases were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zNa6ofDO51n5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20210801__20220731_z1S2hY4ARtRh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20200801__20210731_zXSa6iQx5bj1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20190801__20200731_zZWgiQtDAYF4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_zeeyn8Y0MIV2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%; text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease cost&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,901&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;2,824&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;2,832&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_pn3n3_zHZMTlraFZQi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Short-term lease cost&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,348&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;620&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;246&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_pn3n3_zEoTNCFvEkxj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;TOTAL LEASE COST&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;4,249&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,444&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,078&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zmsNQaahBOJ5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Operating cash flows from operating
leases&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,857&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,779&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,745&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_z1Vv5PIDUogj" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
                                 Operating cash flows from operating leases&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,857&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,779&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,745&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2901000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2824000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2832000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1348000</us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">620000</us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">246000</us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCost
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4249000</us-gaap:LeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCost
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3444000</us-gaap:LeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCost
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3078000</us-gaap:LeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2857000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2779000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2745000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2857000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2779000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2745000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_898_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zDJNfRy6eUu4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zGSgIyGWL0X2"&gt;Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Weighted-average remaining lease term-operating leases&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20220731_zaWi3Q0amiNd" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term"&gt;2.8&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20210731_zTgb05g1LnY9" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term"&gt;3.4&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Weighted-average discount rate-operating leases&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20220731_z8NqJ2EULan6" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent"&gt;3.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210731_zAKQSYH1QMs" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent"&gt;2.9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1 contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31">P2Y9M18D</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1 contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31">P3Y4M24D</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.030</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.029</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent>
    <us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2200000</us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">600000</us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_895_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zAAIUk95nBxh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zPbmUi06JKSi" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20220731_zdhnmAwfprXb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20210731_zjwAsQYhw4F2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zB0cbkHhqr06" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liabilities included in &#x201c;Other current liabilities&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,899&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;2,456&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zZVzmlBhhupg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;4,606&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,473&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzDbj_zlkLB5WtagU8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;7,505&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,929&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2899000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2456000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">4606000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">5473000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">7505000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">7929000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zSLCzSuBaqRh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zDJnto9PGgN5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20220731_zZ55U9dGbuoi"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Year ending July 31:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z90lglJVuHH6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 78%; text-align: left"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right"&gt;3,088&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zI6VveOvN2yd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,502&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z5Bw7R5JI8Z3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;2025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,872&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zI2T2BusnHg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;2026&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;194&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_znLagtLL0jGe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;2027&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;141&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zmDDto2Cz0A4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;48&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzXtU_zFkXH3CIGfy7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total lease payments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,845&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_z8ALbxkaEKi9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Less imputed interest&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(340&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total operating lease liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,505&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3088000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2502000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">1872000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">194000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">141000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">48000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">7845000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">340000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">7505000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_zrv1g04Neke4" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
5&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_827_zFjaYiJNA9s2"&gt;Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zt0K4xcX6s4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B2_zEeUQ4XXfELe" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220731_zCOsnZmkztok" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20210731_zRCdy4ZEJXni" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zMUa0b3UedKe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;98,352&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;107,147&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zPCdN4QisnU7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Restricted cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;91,210&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;119,769&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzDIV_zditijp1LrCl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;TOTAL CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;189,562&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;226,916&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A6_zbaK9rpXPtW5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
July 31, 2022 and 2021, restricted cash and cash equivalents included $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_zs2244JxSqAk" title="Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current"&gt;86.6&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_zXHNn6kCHpT7" title="Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current"&gt;115.8&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively, in restricted
cash and cash equivalents for customer deposits held by IDT Financial Services Limited (&#x201c;IDT Financial Services&#x201d;), the Company&#x2019;s
Gibraltar-based bank. Certain of the electronic money financial services regulations in Gibraltar require IDT Financial Services to safeguard
cash held for customer deposits, segregate cash held for customer deposits from any other cash that IDT Financial Services holds and
utilize the cash only for the intended payment transaction.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Company
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company treats unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC, which
provide the Company&#x2019;s international money transfer services in the United States, as substantially restricted and unavailable for
other purposes. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, &#x201c;Cash and cash equivalents&#x201d; in the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheets
included an aggregate of $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTPaymentServicesMember_zjWNY39JGlmf" title="Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value"&gt;17.3&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTPaymentServicesMember_zbExtVfT8nf5" title="Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value"&gt;15.3&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively, held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of
New York, LLC, that was unavailable for other purposes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zt0K4xcX6s4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B2_zEeUQ4XXfELe" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;July 31&lt;/p&gt;
                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220731_zCOsnZmkztok" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20210731_zRCdy4ZEJXni" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zMUa0b3UedKe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;98,352&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;107,147&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zPCdN4QisnU7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Restricted cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;91,210&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;119,769&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzDIV_zditijp1LrCl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;TOTAL CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;189,562&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;226,916&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">98352000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">107147000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">91210000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">119769000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">189562000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">226916000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">86600000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">115800000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_IDTPaymentServicesMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">17300000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_IDTPaymentServicesMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">15300000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock_zT4cXiZZ7Njk" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
6&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_823_zeYJRi3066kg"&gt;Acquisitions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Integra
CCS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
March 3, 2022, the Company&#x2019;s subsidiary, net2phone 2.0, Inc. (&#x201c;net2phone 2.0&#x201d;), which owns and operates the net2phone
segment, purchased all of the outstanding shares of Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. for an aggregate purchase price of up to $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Consideration Transferred"&gt;15.0&lt;/span&gt; million.
Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. are located in Uruguay and use the trade name Integra CCS (&#x201c;Integra&#x201d;). Integra provides cloud-based
contact-center-as-a-service (&#x201c;CCaaS&#x201d;) in the Americas and Europe including omnichannel support, social media integrations,
chat-bot communications, workflow management, development tools for tailored contact center solutions and numerous third-party software
integrations. The  net2phone segment and Integra are highly synergistic and CCaaS is expected to be a source of
growth and expansion when combined with net2phone&#x2019;s global sales and channel partner network.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
operating results of the acquired companies from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included in the Company&#x2019;s
consolidated financial statements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
purchase price consisted of: (a) cash of $&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_pn5n6" title="Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross"&gt;7.2&lt;/span&gt; million that was paid at closing, (b) &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions_pid_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zib82fzR3T6c" title="Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Acquisitions"&gt;27,765&lt;/span&gt; shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common
stock with a value of $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_pn5n6" title="Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt; million that were issued at closing, (c) $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred"&gt;3.3&lt;/span&gt; million, half of which will be paid at the end of 12 months
after closing and the remainder will be paid at the end of 24 months after closing, subject to holdback for the settlement of claims
against the sellers, if any, and (d) &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zKxhFrCDlJf8" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Description"&gt;contingent consideration of up to $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High"&gt;3.5&lt;/span&gt; million based on annual cumulative incremental recurring
seat revenue of the net2phone segment over a four-year period, payable in cash and/or equity at net2phone 2.0&#x2019;s discretion.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z71zI0IDqBre" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_zJw9OloaSjEc" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zaspyen1HZP4" style="text-indent: 60pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_z8cQzB7ws7Lh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 78%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right"&gt;7,200&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zW77V0OpVENb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(81&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zXVQqNrS4C07" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid, net of cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,119&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_pn3n3_z3o4VJqgrnkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pn3n3_ziRjJ44lj8V6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Future payments subject to holdback&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,158&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Contingent consideration&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration"&gt;1,361&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_zRtU0e6QdN66" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;12,638&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A6_z4c4obHVqZuj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition-date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow models. This fair value measurement
was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. There was no change in the
estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to July 31, 2022.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zp6EYE5guopi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
impact of the acquisition&#x2019;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_z3kVUL41zLe1" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zDqxnWoZIaif" style="text-indent: 50pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts receivable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;332&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;21&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment (mainly acquired technology)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;777&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Goodwill&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;8,433&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_iI_pn3n3_z0EozzKW0eOi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Customer relationships (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zaNMA7LMx45a" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;-year useful lives)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Tradename (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_z5x2jiwpJjog" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;-year useful life)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;400&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Non-compete agreements (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_z31rcUqkNBv6" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;-year useful lives)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;660&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use asset&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;732&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;24&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Deferred income tax assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable_iNI_pn3n3_di_z6zHjrEEhHf1" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther_iNI_pn3n3_di_zbYzLHbNWLbl" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_iNI_pn3n3_di_znaCYSKuavQ2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(243&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_zUc58Vq9PL77" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liability current portion&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(176&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_z43fxoMbdmI1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liability noncurrent portion&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(556&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue_iNI_pn3n3_di_zRW84vUszcwi" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncontrolling interests&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Net assets acquired excluding cash&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;12,638&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A9_zUsmp3LxFePl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
goodwill was assigned to the net2phone segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforce and the expected synergies
from the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Leaf
Global Fintech Corporation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
March 1, 2022, the Company&#x2019;s subsidiary, IDT International Telecom, Inc. (&#x201c;IDTIT&#x201d;), purchased all of the outstanding
shares of Leaf Global Fintech Corporation (&#x201c;Leaf&#x201d;) for up to $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_c20220227__20220301__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_pn4n6" title="Business Combination, Consideration Transferred"&gt;6.05&lt;/span&gt; million. Leaf is a provider of digital wallet services
in emerging markets currently serving unbanked customers in Rwanda, Uganda, and Kenya. The Leaf wallet is a mobile platform available
on both smartphones and non-smartphones through an app or by utilizing a USSD interface accessed via a short code. The Leaf digital wallet
enables customers to store, send, receive, and exchange currencies on their phones domestically and across borders. The Leaf platform
leverages the Stellar network for storing and disseminating transaction data while maintaining value with stablecoins. Stellar is an
open-source, decentralized blockchain network that connects global financial infrastructure, optimized for payments and specifically
to support cross-border transactions. The Company intends to utilize Leaf&#x2019;s blockchain-based digital wallet to, among other things,
provide secure storage and share value to the people worldwide who use feature phones rather than smartphones, as well as expand Leaf&#x2019;s
affordable mobile technology to traders, refugees, migrants, and others worldwide.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Leaf&#x2019;s
operating results from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included in the Company&#x2019;s consolidated financial
statements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
purchase price is comprised of (a) $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_c20220227__20220301__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_pn5n6" title="Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross"&gt;0.5&lt;/span&gt; million paid in cash at the closing, (b) a working capital adjustment for a maximum of $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pp0p0_c20220227__20220301__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_z4RXM8S234D5" title="Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred"&gt;50,000&lt;/span&gt;,
and (c) &lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_zvPxUD7ARwa9" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Description"&gt;contingent consideration of up to $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High"&gt;5.5&lt;/span&gt; million based on annual gross profit over a five-year period&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zX4r9X2maVIf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B7_zSP2MQ0w3Nuj" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zymJum0pl8Y2" style="text-indent: 50pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_zTA90d27vIi4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;500&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zV6W535MRbsc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(167&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zMYA0T1hm81d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid, net of cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;333&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Contingent consideration&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration"&gt;3,330&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_z40RNX0Jivue" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,663&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A9_z1xW0VTxh7Td" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition-date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow models. This fair value measurement
was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. There was no change in the
estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to July 31, 2022.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zgE2ZZji2id6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
impact of the acquisition&#x2019;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_z6GEiiwm4rL8" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zuPP7T2n2MKb" style="text-indent: 50pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_ztWhWl0BOaYd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;Current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;9&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3_zNNUPF6KULog" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment (mainly acquired technology)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;324&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_ztZjO15fPB5j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Goodwill&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,199&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3_z2ZFh5m0RS0i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Tradename (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zsMCv29195Ii" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;-year useful life)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;131&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3_zAkXkChaoWbl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Net assets acquired excluding cash&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,663&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AE_z5mJR6agwOTa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
goodwill was assigned to the Fintech segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforce and the expected synergies from
the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;In September 2022, the Company determined that the requirements
for a portion of the contingent consideration payments related to the Leaf acquisition would not be met. The Company recorded a gain
of $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_pn5n6_c20220901__20220930__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zV1R93Vd8qS" title="Write-off of contingent consideration"&gt;1.6&lt;/span&gt; million on the write-off of this contingent consideration payment obligation in the first quarter of fiscal 2023.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Sochitel
UK Ltd.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
December 3, 2020, IDTIT acquired &lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_z6cMywaeRZcg" title="Business acquired percentage"&gt;51&lt;/span&gt;% of the issued shares of Sochitel UK Ltd. (&#x201c;Sochitel&#x201d;), a global hub and digital distribution
platform for mobile top-up, electronic vouchers, and other value transfer services primarily in Africa. Sochitel&#x2019;s operating results
from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included in the Company&#x2019;s consolidated financial statements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zNxEZkRe5aBa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_zr4IE7cmYsv" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zilatKi34e4b" style="text-indent: 50pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_zBbiwu30Gk8f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;2,732&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zVCTGVeQbDp7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(344&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zuUdEEbs8Lid" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid, net of cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,388&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Contingent consideration&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration"&gt;393&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_zHl89a3QJKTb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,781&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A2_z9HJM7v1Y4Pi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zceLSj63GlP1" title="Contingent consideration, description"&gt;The
contingent consideration of $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_z6f1oEm00u39" title="Payment on contigent consideration"&gt;0.5&lt;/span&gt; million will be paid no later than November 30, 2022 if Sochitel meets an EBITDA threshold between October
1, 2021 and September 30, 2022&lt;/span&gt;. The acquisition date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow
models. This fair value measurement was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement.
There was no change in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to July 31, 2022.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zZNr4gwGaVG" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
impact of the acquisition&#x2019;s purchase price allocations on the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_z9P1ehQoZ9P8" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zzXCDMNjfin5" style="text-indent: 50pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_iI_pn3n3_zlHo9z4qc5Cg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts receivable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;656&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_iI_pn3n3_zNMlsAwY5DEh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3_zMBROigKosBl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;75&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_z9XLGkKC5016" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Goodwill&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Customer relationships (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zVOWX6bhD0Td" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life"&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;-year useful life)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,960&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3_zXS61mx4Qx87" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Tradenames (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zjcbyhCDBDWg" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life"&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;-year useful life)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;440&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets_iI_pn3n3_zxTl0Ehwijnf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Deferred income tax assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;197&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_zbl1uuXgE829" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;30&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable_iNI_pn3n3_di_zHKoPDnLesC6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,306&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_iNI_pn3n3_di_zbLLWnnoIUtk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(423&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther_iNI_pn3n3_di_zDPt7sNG6xW4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(329&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue_iNI_pn3n3_di_zJ2Ep4hBBVQe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncontrolling interests&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(2,188&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3_zEcwdBz6rtaf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Net assets acquired excluding cash&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,781&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A1_zw6Nb8wF2JF4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
goodwill was assigned to the Traditional Communications segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforces and the expected
synergies from the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Pursuant
to a Put/Call Option Agreement related to the &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--OptionIndexedToIssuersEquityTypeAxis__custom--PutCallOptionAgreementMember_z6iDjvII0k6i" title="Business acquired percentage"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;% of the issued shares of Sochitel that the seller did not initially sell to IDTIT (&#x201c;Option
Shares&#x201d;), the seller exercised its option and on March 22, 2021, IDTIT purchased the Option Shares for $&lt;span id="xdx_909_ecustom--OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice_iI_pn5n6_c20210322__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zDrm5CN5KIkh" title="Option of shares value"&gt;0.3&lt;/span&gt; million. The purchase
of the Option Shares resulted in a $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction_pn5n6_c20210321__20210322__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--NoncontrollingInterestMember_zixyASzpITBa" title="Purchase of option shares reduction"&gt;0.2&lt;/span&gt; million reduction in &#x201c;Noncontrolling interests&#x201d; and a $&lt;span id="xdx_902_ecustom--PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction_pp0p0_c20210321__20210322__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_zjmkEhXywIf5" title="Purchase of option shares reduction"&gt;21,000&lt;/span&gt; reduction in &#x201c;Additional
paid-in capital&#x201d; in the consolidated balance sheets.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
June 15, 2021, IDTIT purchased &lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_ztX3FZJqzkKc" title="Business acquired percentage"&gt;19&lt;/span&gt;% of Sochitel&#x2019;s issued shares from the remaining noncontrolling interest holder. The purchase
price was cash of $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn5n6_c20210614__20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_z1m4zuLCNxA9" title="Purchase price"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt; million plus contingent consideration of up to $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability_iI_pn5n6_c20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zNwrMHjDKuz8" title="Contingent consideration"&gt;0.3&lt;/span&gt; million if Sochitel meets certain Adjusted EBITDA targets
(as defined in the purchase agreement) no later than April 1, 2023. The acquisition date fair value of the contingent consideration of
$&lt;span id="xdx_907_ecustom--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zBqnvP6FOER4" title="Fair value of contingent consideration"&gt;0.2&lt;/span&gt; million was estimated using cash flow models. This fair value measurement was based on significant inputs not observable in the
market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. The purchase of the shares resulted in a $&lt;span id="xdx_905_ecustom--NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity_pn5n6_c20210614__20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zlBqzQu6YXTa" title="Reduction in noncontrolling interest"&gt;1.0 &lt;/span&gt;million reduction in &#x201c;Noncontrolling
interests,&#x201d; a $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_pn5n6_c20210614__20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zUZgiR72ACxi" title="Reduction in additional paid in capital"&gt;0.3&lt;/span&gt; million reduction in &#x201c;Additional paid-in capital,&#x201d; and $&lt;span id="xdx_901_ecustom--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210615__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zLbhPXyODQyf" title="Fair value of contingent consideration"&gt;0.2&lt;/span&gt; million liability in the consolidated
balance sheets. There was no change in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date
to July 31, 2022.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Pro
Forma Disclosures&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s pro forma results of operations as if the acquisitions occurred as of August 1, 2019 were not materially different from
the actual results of operations.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">15000000.0</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">7200000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">27765</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1000000.0</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">3300000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember">contingent consideration of up to $3.5 million based on annual cumulative incremental recurring
seat revenue of the net2phone segment over a four-year period, payable in cash and/or equity at net2phone 2.0&#x2019;s discretion.</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">3500000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_IntegraCCSMember">&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z71zI0IDqBre" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_zJw9OloaSjEc" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zaspyen1HZP4" style="text-indent: 60pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_z8cQzB7ws7Lh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 78%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right"&gt;7,200&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zW77V0OpVENb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(81&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zXVQqNrS4C07" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid, net of cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,119&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_pn3n3_z3o4VJqgrnkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pn3n3_ziRjJ44lj8V6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Future payments subject to holdback&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,158&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Contingent consideration&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration"&gt;1,361&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_zRtU0e6QdN66" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;12,638&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock>
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      unitRef="USD">7200000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross>
    <us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">81000</us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7119000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1000000</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3158000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1361000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">12638000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_IntegraCCSMember">&lt;p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zp6EYE5guopi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
impact of the acquisition&#x2019;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_z3kVUL41zLe1" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zDqxnWoZIaif" style="text-indent: 50pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts receivable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;332&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;21&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment (mainly acquired technology)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;777&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Goodwill&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;8,433&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_iI_pn3n3_z0EozzKW0eOi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Customer relationships (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zaNMA7LMx45a" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;-year useful lives)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Tradename (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_z5x2jiwpJjog" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;-year useful life)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;400&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Non-compete agreements (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_z31rcUqkNBv6" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;-year useful lives)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;660&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use asset&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;732&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;24&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Deferred income tax assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable_iNI_pn3n3_di_z6zHjrEEhHf1" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther_iNI_pn3n3_di_zbYzLHbNWLbl" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_iNI_pn3n3_di_znaCYSKuavQ2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(243&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_zUc58Vq9PL77" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liability current portion&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(176&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_z43fxoMbdmI1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liability noncurrent portion&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(556&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue_iNI_pn3n3_di_zRW84vUszcwi" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncontrolling interests&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Net assets acquired excluding cash&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;12,638&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">332000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
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      unitRef="USD">4000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">21000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther>
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      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">777000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
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      unitRef="USD">8433000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember">P7Y</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2230000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember">P5Y</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">400000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember">P6Y</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">660000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">732000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">24000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">243000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">176000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
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      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">556000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">12638000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-4"
      unitRef="USD">6050000.00</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">500000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
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      unitRef="USD">50000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember">contingent consideration of up to $5.5 million based on annual gross profit over a five-year period</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember"
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      unitRef="USD">5500000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember">&lt;p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zX4r9X2maVIf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B7_zSP2MQ0w3Nuj" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zymJum0pl8Y2" style="text-indent: 50pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_zTA90d27vIi4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;500&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zV6W535MRbsc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(167&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zMYA0T1hm81d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid, net of cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;333&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Contingent consideration&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration"&gt;3,330&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_z40RNX0Jivue" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,663&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">500000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross>
    <us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">167000</us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">333000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3330000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3663000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember">&lt;p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zgE2ZZji2id6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
impact of the acquisition&#x2019;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_z6GEiiwm4rL8" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zuPP7T2n2MKb" style="text-indent: 50pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_ztWhWl0BOaYd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;Current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;9&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3_zNNUPF6KULog" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment (mainly acquired technology)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;324&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_ztZjO15fPB5j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Goodwill&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,199&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3_z2ZFh5m0RS0i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Tradename (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zsMCv29195Ii" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;-year useful life)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;131&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3_zAkXkChaoWbl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Net assets acquired excluding cash&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,663&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">9000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">324000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3199000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember">P5Y</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">131000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3663000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1
      contextRef="From2022-09-012022-09-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1600000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1>
    <us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.51</us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember">&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zNxEZkRe5aBa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_zr4IE7cmYsv" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zilatKi34e4b" style="text-indent: 50pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_zBbiwu30Gk8f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;2,732&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zVCTGVeQbDp7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(344&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zuUdEEbs8Lid" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cash paid, net of cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,388&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Contingent consideration&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_c20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration"&gt;393&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_zHl89a3QJKTb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,781&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross
      contextRef="From2020-12-022020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2732000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross>
    <us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition
      contextRef="From2020-12-022020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">344000</us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired
      contextRef="From2020-12-022020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2388000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">393000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1
      contextRef="From2020-12-022020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2781000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember">The
contingent consideration of $0.5 million will be paid no later than November 30, 2022 if Sochitel meets an EBITDA threshold between October
1, 2021 and September 30, 2022</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">500000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember">&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zZNr4gwGaVG" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
impact of the acquisition&#x2019;s purchase price allocations on the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_z9P1ehQoZ9P8" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember_zzXCDMNjfin5" style="text-indent: 50pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_iI_pn3n3_zlHo9z4qc5Cg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts receivable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;656&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_iI_pn3n3_zNMlsAwY5DEh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3_zMBROigKosBl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;75&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_z9XLGkKC5016" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Goodwill&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Customer relationships (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zVOWX6bhD0Td" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life"&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;-year useful life)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,960&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3_zXS61mx4Qx87" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Tradenames (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20201202__20201203__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--SochitelUKLtdMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zjcbyhCDBDWg" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life"&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;-year useful life)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;440&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets_iI_pn3n3_zxTl0Ehwijnf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Deferred income tax assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;197&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_zbl1uuXgE829" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;30&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable_iNI_pn3n3_di_zHKoPDnLesC6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,306&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_iNI_pn3n3_di_zbLLWnnoIUtk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(423&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther_iNI_pn3n3_di_zDPt7sNG6xW4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(329&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue_iNI_pn3n3_di_zJ2Ep4hBBVQe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncontrolling interests&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(2,188&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3_zEcwdBz6rtaf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Net assets acquired excluding cash&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,781&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">656000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables>
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    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife contextRef="From2020-12-022020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember">P15Y</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife>
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      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
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    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife contextRef="From2020-12-022020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember">P20Y</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife>
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      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
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      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">197000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxAssets>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">30000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
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      unitRef="USD">1306000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
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      unitRef="USD">423000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities>
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      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">329000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesOther>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue
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      unitRef="USD">2188000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationAcquisitionOfLessThan100PercentNoncontrollingInterestFairValue>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
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      unitRef="USD">2781000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet>
    <us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-03_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember_custom_PutCallOptionAgreementMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.05</us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired>
    <IDT:OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice
      contextRef="AsOf2021-03-22_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">300000</IDT:OpenOptionContractWrittenExercisePrice>
    <IDT:PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction
      contextRef="From2021-03-212021-03-22_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">200000</IDT:PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction>
    <IDT:PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction
      contextRef="From2021-03-212021-03-22_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">21000</IDT:PurchaseOfOptionSharesReduction>
    <us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired
      contextRef="AsOf2021-06-15_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.19</us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1000000.0</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">300000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2021-06-15_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">200000</IDT:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue>
    <IDT:NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1000000.0</IDT:NoncontrollingInterestDecreaseFromPurchaseOfEquity>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">300000</us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2021-06-15_custom_SochitelUKLtdMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">200000</IDT:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityFairValue>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zxdThNoSqFqg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
7&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82D_zXx47SOS4Mm"&gt;Debt Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_zfMivDd5a1Ma" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zVM7E1VfVOz7" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Amortized &lt;br/&gt; Cost&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Gross &lt;br/&gt; Unrealized &lt;br/&gt; Gains&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Gross &lt;br/&gt; Unrealized &lt;br/&gt; Losses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 40%"&gt;Certificates of deposit&lt;sup id="xdx_F46_zIRVjprgdi9j"&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zUJ0i29YE7G" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;2,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____ztVPX4eFPzKf" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1699"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zFN2YoIJtAJf" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zxTfP7ZlFMMa" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;1,986&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;U.S. Treasury bills and notes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;13,848&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1707"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zOp2ScPdNL6" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(114&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;13,734&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;3,966&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z9vqo7HTX4Sh" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(416&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;3,551&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Municipal bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;3,035&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1723"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zDArEDN6zf3h" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;3,032&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;22,849&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731_zWcFEesgTcx2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(547&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;22,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Certificates of deposit&lt;sup id="xdx_F43_zLPoitzbfDs8"&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zvKQDjqfmEYd" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;1,200&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zL6GjdK4BEB2" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zbLBcy91YvXb" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1741"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z430MENGJ8Nf" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;1,203&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;U.S. Treasury bills and notes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;1,669&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1747"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zx2ucxwWwdDa" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(17&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;1,652&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;6,327&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;38&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z35I8hc7O212" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(33&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;6,332&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Municipal bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;4,825&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1763"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zFHBCUc28yU7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1765"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;4,825&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;14,021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;41&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731_zRfyDtDQSP19" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(50&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;14,012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_F05_zfMGYKFpoN89" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F15_zWXZiipKfX4l" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Each
    of the certificates of deposit held by the Company has a CUSIP, was purchased in the secondary market through a broker and may be
    sold in the secondary market.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p id="xdx_8AA_zj5L24PM3rZ6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Proceeds
from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_zLUG7a68OTe6" title="Proceeds from Sale and Maturity of Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;21.2&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_c20200801__20210731_pn5n6" title="Proceeds from Sale and Maturity of Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;26.2&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zs24PKlBF2Tk" title="Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale"&gt;6.5&lt;/span&gt; million
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively. There were no realized gains or realized losses from sales of debt securities
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_z5Dn8JJVnORh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
contractual maturities of the Company&#x2019;s available-for-sale debt securities at July 31, 2022 were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_znANlWHkf21c" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20220731_zT0Y6L3T8T53" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zYDBztQOGoe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 84%; text-align: left"&gt;Within one year&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;15,374&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zfRZVIs1E77i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;After one year through five years&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,729&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zMersWnB713h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;After five years through ten years&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,634&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zbSpUaL9QOJk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;After ten years&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;566&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDz3sI_znqBWi9UCZej" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;22,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AE_zCpNx21nk4vk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zUedIMyStdo3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for which other-than-temporary impairments were not
recognized:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_z1BVEhP31SF2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Unrealized &lt;br/&gt; Losses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fair &lt;br/&gt;Value&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%"&gt;Certificates of deposit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_pn3n3" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_pn3n3" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;1,986&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;U.S. Treasury bills and notes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;114&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;13,734&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;416&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;3,514&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Municipal bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;2,412&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;547&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;21,646&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;U.S. Treasury bills and notes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;17&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;1,652&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;33&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;3,293&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;50&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;4,945&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A3_zPWY7Ueyhi44" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zsZqrFrqKaac" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
July 31, 2021, there were no securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer. At July 31, 2022, the following
available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zEIrZ9kuf8jk" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Unrealized &lt;br/&gt; Losses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fair &lt;br/&gt;Value&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%"&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;U.S. Treasury bills and notes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zJLJYWiiJju3" style="text-align: right"&gt;72&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right"&gt;892&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;234&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,731&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;306&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,623&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AE_z6Lx1aNsfgfl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
July 31, 2022, the Company did not intend to sell any of the debt securities included in the table above, and it is not more likely than
not that the Company will be required to sell any of these securities before recovery of the unrealized losses, which may be at maturity.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_zfMivDd5a1Ma" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zVM7E1VfVOz7" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Amortized &lt;br/&gt; Cost&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Gross &lt;br/&gt; Unrealized &lt;br/&gt; Gains&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Gross &lt;br/&gt; Unrealized &lt;br/&gt; Losses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 40%"&gt;Certificates of deposit&lt;sup id="xdx_F46_zIRVjprgdi9j"&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zUJ0i29YE7G" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;2,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____ztVPX4eFPzKf" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1699"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zFN2YoIJtAJf" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zxTfP7ZlFMMa" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;1,986&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;U.S. Treasury bills and notes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;13,848&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1707"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zOp2ScPdNL6" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(114&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;13,734&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;3,966&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z9vqo7HTX4Sh" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(416&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;3,551&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Municipal bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;3,035&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1723"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zDArEDN6zf3h" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;3,032&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;22,849&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731_zWcFEesgTcx2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(547&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;22,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Certificates of deposit&lt;sup id="xdx_F43_zLPoitzbfDs8"&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zvKQDjqfmEYd" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;1,200&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zL6GjdK4BEB2" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zbLBcy91YvXb" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1741"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z430MENGJ8Nf" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;1,203&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;U.S. Treasury bills and notes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;1,669&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1747"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zx2ucxwWwdDa" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(17&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;1,652&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;6,327&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;38&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z35I8hc7O212" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(33&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;6,332&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Municipal bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;4,825&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1763"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zFHBCUc28yU7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1765"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;4,825&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;14,021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;41&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731_zRfyDtDQSP19" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;(50&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;14,012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_F05_zfMGYKFpoN89" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F15_zWXZiipKfX4l" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Each
    of the certificates of deposit held by the Company has a CUSIP, was purchased in the secondary market through a broker and may be
    sold in the secondary market.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
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      id="Fact001697"
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    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001701"
      unitRef="USD">14000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001703"
      unitRef="USD">1986000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13848000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
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      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">114000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13734000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3966000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">416000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3551000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3035000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
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    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3032000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">22849000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">1000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">547000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">22303000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001737"
      unitRef="USD">1200000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001739"
      unitRef="USD">3000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001743"
      unitRef="USD">1203000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1669000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">17000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1652000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">6327000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">38000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">6332000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4825000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4825000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">14021000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">41000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">50000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">14012000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">21200000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">26200000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">6500000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_z5Dn8JJVnORh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
contractual maturities of the Company&#x2019;s available-for-sale debt securities at July 31, 2022 were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_znANlWHkf21c" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20220731_zT0Y6L3T8T53" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zYDBztQOGoe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 84%; text-align: left"&gt;Within one year&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;15,374&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zfRZVIs1E77i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;After one year through five years&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,729&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zMersWnB713h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;After five years through ten years&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,634&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zbSpUaL9QOJk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;After ten years&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;566&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDz3sI_znqBWi9UCZej" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;22,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">15374000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3729000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2634000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">566000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">22303000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zUedIMyStdo3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for which other-than-temporary impairments were not
recognized:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_z1BVEhP31SF2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Unrealized &lt;br/&gt; Losses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fair &lt;br/&gt;Value&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%"&gt;Certificates of deposit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_pn3n3" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_pn3n3" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;1,986&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;U.S. Treasury bills and notes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;114&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;13,734&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;416&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;3,514&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Municipal bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;2,412&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;547&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;21,646&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;U.S. Treasury bills and notes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;17&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;1,652&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;33&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;3,293&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;50&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;4,945&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">14000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1986000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">114000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13734000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">416000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3514000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2412000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">547000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">21646000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">17000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1652000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3293000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">50000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">4945000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zsZqrFrqKaac" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
July 31, 2021, there were no securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer. At July 31, 2022, the following
available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zEIrZ9kuf8jk" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Unrealized &lt;br/&gt; Losses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fair &lt;br/&gt;Value&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%"&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;U.S. Treasury bills and notes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zJLJYWiiJju3" style="text-align: right"&gt;72&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right"&gt;892&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate bonds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;234&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,731&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;306&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_c20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,623&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
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    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2623000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock_zY60sDFA14q6" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
8&#x2014;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_821_zXhZG0vVTLG1"&gt;Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89F_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zDrM7yIKWBg1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity
investments consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_zhp6Dw8oFnw5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220731_zMNrRHlLwTpg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210731_zvN1lle7WT9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zkj1wAzuD5G9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Zedge, Inc. Class B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_908_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zmxjPg0y3m4d" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_90A_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z3Cr2ASgiFv6" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;42,282&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;117&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;649&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zWOPKJZarxh2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_902_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zj0rlOC6k078" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;290,214&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_905_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z36zpBtcKiZ3" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;246,565&lt;/span&gt; shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;586&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;12,479&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zlEm5dQPu5c8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Rafael Holdings, Inc. restricted Class B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_909_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_dxL_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zmt6cOHoFF1f" title="Number of related party shares received::XDX::-"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1859"&gt;nil &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;and &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_901_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z9sBe5iIiXhd" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;43,649 &lt;/span&gt;shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1856"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,209&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__custom--OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_zv8M3Aah0jol" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other marketable equity securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;4,089&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,630&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_znXxFABgEu6d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Fixed income mutual funds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;12,299&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;23,467&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_z8b2QTgRCNtd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Current equity investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;17,091&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;42,434&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zb0u8JNfkdWg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Visa Inc. Series C Convertible Participating Preferred Stock (&#x201c;Visa Series C Preferred&#x201d;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,132&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zdWoLgVZStP1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Visa Inc. Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock (&#x201c;Visa
Series A Preferred&#x201d;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1876"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_z9p3zon35qga" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Series B and Series C convertible preferred stock&#x2014;equity method investment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,001&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,901&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--HedgeFundsMember_zOizbVXtjYDa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Hedge funds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,238&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,563&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--OtherInvestmentsMember_zMFCvNJvsIXf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;825&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,725&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zkrerjkMJMa4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent equity investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;7,426&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,654&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AF_zmkr4k2yiZDa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company received the shares of Zedge Inc. (&#x201c;Zedge&#x201d;) Class B common stock and &lt;span id="xdx_901_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember_zwzb3nf8kypf" title="Related party shares received"&gt;28,320 &lt;/span&gt;of
the shares of Rafael Class B common stock set forth in the table above in connection with the lapsing of restrictions on Zedge and
Rafael restricted stock held by certain of the Company&#x2019;s employees and the Company&#x2019;s payment of taxes on behalf of its
employees related thereto. Howard S. Jonas is the Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors of Zedge.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
December 7, 2020, the Company purchased from Rafael &lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zaGhXGCXI39b" title="Owned shares"&gt;218,245&lt;/span&gt; newly issued shares of Rafael&#x2019;s Class B common stock and a warrant
to purchase up to &lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights_iI_pid_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zXvWZWY3XhH8" title="Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights"&gt;43,649&lt;/span&gt; shares of Rafael&#x2019;s Class B common stock at an exercise price of $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_pid_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zeHmcJCkpRRd" title="Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights"&gt;22.91&lt;/span&gt; at any time on or after December
7, 2020 and on or prior to June 6, 2022. The aggregate purchase price of $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zr1hF2ge5qRe" title="Investment Owned, at Fair Value"&gt;5.0&lt;/span&gt; million was allocated $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_pn5n6" title="Investment Owned, at Fair Value"&gt;4.6&lt;/span&gt; million to the shares and $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember_pn5n6" title="Investment Owned, at Fair Value"&gt;0.4&lt;/span&gt;
million to the warrant based on their relative purchase date fair values. The fair value of the warrant on the acquisition date was estimated
using a Black-Scholes valuation model that represented a Level 3 measurement. The purchase price was based on a per share price of $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_pid_c20201207__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zRNOPLVLMxU1" title="Shares Issued, Price Per Share"&gt;22.91&lt;/span&gt;,
which was the closing price of Rafael&#x2019;s Class B common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the trading day immediately preceding
the purchase date. On March 15, 2021, the Company exercised the warrant in full and purchased &lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights_iI_pid_c20210315__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonMember_z1SepUn2gjdh" title="Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights"&gt;43,649 &lt;/span&gt;shares of Rafael&#x2019;s Class B
common stock for cash of $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants_c20210315__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonMember_pn5n6" title="Class of warrant, exercise price of warrants"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt; million. The aggregate &lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zF4QWmtwvCD2" title="Owned shares"&gt;261,894&lt;/span&gt; shares of Rafael&#x2019;s Class B common stock were not available for sale,
assignment, or transfer. These restrictions lapsed in June 2021 for &lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210630__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zkOeAXnaI3qa" title="Owned shares"&gt;218,245&lt;/span&gt; shares and September 2021 for &lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210930__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zXr1r9nDmJH5" title="Owned shares"&gt;43,649&lt;/span&gt; shares.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
June 2016, upon the acquisition of Visa Europe Limited by Visa, Inc. (&#x201c;Visa&#x201d;), IDT Financial Services Limited received &lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20160630__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zTMadPoDYbAa" title="Owned shares"&gt;1,830&lt;/span&gt;
shares of Visa Series C Preferred among other consideration. At July 31, 2020, each share of Visa Series C Preferred was convertible
into &lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion_iI_pid_c20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_z13IgI3Po6dc" title="Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Issued upon Conversion"&gt;13.722&lt;/span&gt;
shares of Visa Class A common stock (the &#x201c;Conversion Adjustment), subject to certain conditions, and will be convertible at
the holder&#x2019;s option beginning in June 2028. On September 24, 2020, in connection with Visa&#x2019;s first mandatory release
assessment, the Company received &lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20200924__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zOsQXPVytyP2" title="Owned shares"&gt;125&lt;/span&gt;
shares of Visa Series A Preferred and the Conversion Adjustment for Visa Series C Preferred was reduced to &lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion_iI_pid_c20200924__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zUdc6vSuOaY9" title="Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Issued upon Conversion"&gt;6.861&lt;/span&gt;.
In June 2021, the &lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210630__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zm0wNrIKE909" title="Owned shares"&gt;125&lt;/span&gt;
shares of Visa Series A Preferred were converted into &lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210630__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zNnHMi6ZKGVc" title="Owned shares"&gt;12,500&lt;/span&gt;
shares of Visa Class A common stock, which the Company sold for $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_pn5n6_c20210601__20210630__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zLris4VDfs6g" title="Proceeds from sale of common stock"&gt;2.9&lt;/span&gt;
million. On July 28, 2022, in connection with Visa&#x2019;s second mandatory release assessment, the Company received &lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20220728__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zV97i5ZnJe6a" title="Owned shares"&gt;58&lt;/span&gt; shares of Visa Series A
Preferred and the Conversion Adjustment for Visa Series C Preferred was reduced to &lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion_iI_pid_c20220728__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zIC3dr72UUf8" title="Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Issued upon Conversion"&gt;3.645&lt;/span&gt;. In August 2022, the &lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20220831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zKqSxgl5V9D4" title="Owned shares"&gt;58&lt;/span&gt; shares of Visa Series
A Preferred were converted into &lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20220831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zJxoSxVC93L1" title="Owned shares"&gt;5,800&lt;/span&gt; shares of Visa Class A common stock, which the Company sold for $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_pn5n6_c20220801__20220831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zQYFGaoCM0Dk" title="Proceeds from sale of common stock"&gt;1.3&lt;/span&gt; million.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_z5XFP6qFm9U7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#x2019;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zaWFxETXF1c4" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 93%; margin-left: 0.5in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210801__20220731_zRl9rgp9uM34" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210731_zcL2WuApNus3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20190801__20200731_zHdm1fyEUEI5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zoV21TUriGLh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,743&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;4,109&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;3,919&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_z7GcE7xePiI3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,870&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1948"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_zW3UmudPsVee" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(103&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;510&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;206&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zzZIy5dIPGD8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Upward adjustments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1954"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1955"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_pn3n3_zQAcMVrZExt7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Redemptions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(9&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(6&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(19&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_z5gyHeKXMkkf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Impairments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1962"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1963"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1964"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zeK2l8wYqsbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;BALANCE, END OF PERIOD&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,401&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,743&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;4,109&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AD_zqZt1RM3HIX7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company decreased the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held by $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zze7toxfZIaf" title="Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Downward Price Adjustment Annual Amount"&gt;0.1&lt;/span&gt; million in fiscal 2022, and the Company
increased the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held by $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_pn5n6" title="Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Upward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount"&gt;0.5 &lt;/span&gt;million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zC2nPNzR2TQk" title="Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Upward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount"&gt;0.2&lt;/span&gt; million in fiscal 2021 and fiscal
2020, respectively, based on the fair value of Visa Class A common stock and a discount for lack of current marketability.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_z1P0lsnvja11" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Unrealized
gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value included the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_zVbC3wDGnP69" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731_zvFPM03bDPke" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20200801__20210731_z56Cudb57R1l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20190801__20200731_zQP0eNfjmcKh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zzsbVuBI0DL7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%; text-align: left"&gt;Net (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(19,248&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;8,830&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(336&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_z3duSoGZJdcl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Less: net gains recognized during the period on equity investments redeemed during the period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;10&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,090&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1984"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_zkWQWyctafvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the
    reporting date&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(19,258&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,740&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(336&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The
unrealized gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value in the table above included the following: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Year
    ended July 31 (in thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731_zlNx6Q76IuQ6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20200801__20210731_zx5IYUzT3Ou7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20190801__20200731_zQQxGrXiupp4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Unrealized (losses) gains
    recognized during the period on equity investments:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_zdE0e9reLlV7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 52%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Rafael
    Class B common stock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(14,101&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,291&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(195&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_zAww9h7bMD7g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Zedge
    Class B common stock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(533&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;591&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_zRTBXPZQ5Zd6" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the
    reporting date&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(19,258&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,740&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(336&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A2_zuz3jc72xBv6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity
Method Investment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
February 2, 2021, the Company paid $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn5n6_c20210130__20210202__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_zlv4Qlyf9Hfa" title="Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments"&gt;4.0&lt;/span&gt; million to purchase shares of series B convertible preferred stock of a communications company
(the equity method investee, or &#x201c;EMI&#x201d;), and on August 10, 2021, the Company paid $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn5n6_c20210809__20210810__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_zclGRCLZUDP9" title="Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments"&gt;1.1&lt;/span&gt; million to purchase shares of the EMI&#x2019;s
series C convertible preferred stock and additional shares of the EMI&#x2019;s series B convertible preferred stock. The initial shares
purchased represented &lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210202__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_zv1J1JUJlqqk" title="Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage"&gt;23.95&lt;/span&gt;% of the outstanding shares of the EMI on an as converted basis. The subsequent purchases increased the Company&#x2019;s
ownership to &lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210810__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_z4tdAxaw6FGg" title="Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage"&gt;26.57&lt;/span&gt;% on an as converted basis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company accounts for this investment using the equity method since the series B and series C convertible preferred stock are in-substance
common stock, and the Company can exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the EMI.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company determined that on the dates of the acquisitions, there were differences of $&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_c20210202_pn5n6" title="Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity"&gt;3.4&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_iI_pn5n6_c20210810_zrOpj5JnM1L6" title="Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt; million between its investment
in the EMI and its proportional interest in the equity of the EMI, which represented the share of the EMI&#x2019;s customer list on the
dates of the acquisitions attributed to the Company&#x2019;s interest in the EMI. &lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment_c20210801__20220731_zP15ed4cLG4c" title="Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity, Accounting Treatment"&gt;These basis differences are being amortized over the
6-year estimated life of the customer list&lt;/span&gt;. In the accompanying consolidated statements of income, the amortization of equity method
basis difference is included in the equity in the net loss of investee, which is recorded in &#x201c;Other (expense) income, net&#x201d;
(see Note 18).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
fiscal 2022, the Company received three secured promissory notes from the EMI in exchange for loans of an aggregate of $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zJnQUC4Zazl3" title="Receivable with Imputed Interest, Face Amount"&gt;2.5&lt;/span&gt; million.
The notes provide for interest on the principal amount at &lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zIDnEVfmsM9k"&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;%
per annum payable monthly. The notes are due and payable in &lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_ddxL_uPure_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zhaxvKHEDBYl" title="Receivable with imputed interest due dates::XDX::2023-02-01"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2019"&gt;February 2023&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. At July 31, 2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;,
the notes were included in &#x201c;Other current assets&#x201d; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. In September 2022, the Company received a secured promissory note from the EMI in exchange for a loan of $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount_iI_pn5n6_c20220930__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHczXRA8CD6d"&gt;0.6&lt;/span&gt; million. The note provides
for interest on the principal amount at &lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20220901__20220930__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zjCUe1KkjMx9"&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;% per annum payable monthly. The note is due and payable on &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_dd_c20220901__20220930__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_z8YgOlG1erj9"&gt;February 3, 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zKIzrxcdej08" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s equity method investment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zFG4axK0aw3c" style="display: none"&gt;Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zvceED58lSpi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zkaBVRuw6W15" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 66%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 13%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,901&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 13%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2027"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zNIKlYoLW7l3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Purchase of convertible preferred stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,051&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zDVYnnytNUq7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity in the net loss of investee&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(2,224&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(816&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_z1achCEZHRQ2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Amortization of equity method basis difference&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(727&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(283&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;BALANCE, END OF PERIOD&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,001&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,901&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A0_zb4qARhzrdll" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_891_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock_zhxyh8lpS6P3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Summarized
financial information of the EMI was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_za9e2RXSQXDe" style="display: none"&gt;Summary of Statements of Operations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zzFPXHBszvBe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zqT3TJzyHit9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,911&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;1,467&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AssetsNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,462&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,549&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_z5M37qCEwyG7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(11,480&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(4,041&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_zcQUyQEQf2xa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2052"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(50&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHox1t8trraa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zNqeH0qljQwf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;From the date of acquisition to&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_z22annTXru8c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; font-weight: bold"&gt;REVENUES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;7,889&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;1,898&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;COSTS AND EXPENSES:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_pn3n3_z8khbGMLEli9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Direct cost of revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;9,451&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,937&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_pn3n3_zpo7hQlXOY13" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Selling, general and administrative&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;5,834&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,388&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OperatingExpenses_pn3n3_zEMv9AzVJchg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;TOTAL COSTS AND EXPENSES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;15,285&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,325&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_zeuykGjePo31" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;LOSS FROM OPERATIONS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(7,396&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(3,427&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_pn3n3_zrXq8kxxKdF6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other (expense) income, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(342&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;101&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_pn3n3_zSrbZvSlGwD3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;NET LOSS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(7,738&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3,326&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AB_zyYYZ4UWTBOa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89F_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zDrM7yIKWBg1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity
investments consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_zhp6Dw8oFnw5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220731_zMNrRHlLwTpg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210731_zvN1lle7WT9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zkj1wAzuD5G9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Zedge, Inc. Class B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_908_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zmxjPg0y3m4d" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_90A_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z3Cr2ASgiFv6" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;42,282&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;117&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;649&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zWOPKJZarxh2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_902_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zj0rlOC6k078" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;290,214&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_905_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z36zpBtcKiZ3" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;246,565&lt;/span&gt; shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;586&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;12,479&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zlEm5dQPu5c8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Rafael Holdings, Inc. restricted Class B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_909_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_dxL_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zmt6cOHoFF1f" title="Number of related party shares received::XDX::-"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1859"&gt;nil &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;and &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_901_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z9sBe5iIiXhd" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;43,649 &lt;/span&gt;shares at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1856"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,209&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__custom--OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_zv8M3Aah0jol" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other marketable equity securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;4,089&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,630&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_znXxFABgEu6d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Fixed income mutual funds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;12,299&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;23,467&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_z8b2QTgRCNtd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Current equity investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;17,091&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;42,434&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zb0u8JNfkdWg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Visa Inc. Series C Convertible Participating Preferred Stock (&#x201c;Visa Series C Preferred&#x201d;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,132&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zdWoLgVZStP1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Visa Inc. Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock (&#x201c;Visa
Series A Preferred&#x201d;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1876"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_z9p3zon35qga" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Series B and Series C convertible preferred stock&#x2014;equity method investment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,001&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,901&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--HedgeFundsMember_zOizbVXtjYDa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Hedge funds&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,238&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,563&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--OtherInvestmentsMember_zMFCvNJvsIXf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;825&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,725&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zkrerjkMJMa4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent equity investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;7,426&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,654&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock>
    <IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">42282</IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived>
    <IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">42282</IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">117000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">649000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">290214</IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived>
    <IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">246565</IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">586000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">12479000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_RestrictedCommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">43649</IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_RestrictedCommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2209000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4089000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3630000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_MutualFundMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">12299000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_MutualFundMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">23467000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">17091000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">42434000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1132000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2465000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1230000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1001000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2901000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3238000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3563000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">825000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2725000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">7426000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">11654000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_UnrestrictedCommonClassBOfRafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">28320</IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">218245</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">43649</us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights>
    <us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">22.91</us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">5000000.0</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">4600000</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_WarrantsClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">400000</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedAtFairValue>
    <us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare
      contextRef="AsOf2020-12-07_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">22.91</us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare>
    <us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights
      contextRef="AsOf2021-03-15_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">43649</us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights>
    <IDT:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1000000.0</IDT:ClassOfWarrantOrRightTotalExercisePriceOfWarrants>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">261894</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
      contextRef="AsOf2021-06-30_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">218245</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
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      unitRef="Shares">43649</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
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      unitRef="Shares">1830</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion
      contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31_custom_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">13.722</us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
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      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">125</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion
      contextRef="AsOf2020-09-24_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">6.861</us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
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      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">125</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
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      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">12500</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2900000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
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      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">58</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion
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      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">3.645</us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockSharesIssuedUponConversion>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
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      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">58</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
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      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">5800</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1300000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_z5XFP6qFm9U7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#x2019;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zaWFxETXF1c4" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 93%; margin-left: 0.5in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210801__20220731_zRl9rgp9uM34" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210731_zcL2WuApNus3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20190801__20200731_zHdm1fyEUEI5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zoV21TUriGLh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,743&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;4,109&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;3,919&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_z7GcE7xePiI3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,870&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1948"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_zW3UmudPsVee" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(103&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;510&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;206&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zzZIy5dIPGD8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Upward adjustments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1954"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1955"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_pn3n3_zQAcMVrZExt7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Redemptions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(9&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(6&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(19&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_z5gyHeKXMkkf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Impairments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1962"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1963"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1964"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zeK2l8wYqsbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;BALANCE, END OF PERIOD&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,401&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,743&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;4,109&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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    <us-gaap:UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_z1P0lsnvja11" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Unrealized
gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value included the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_zVbC3wDGnP69" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731_zvFPM03bDPke" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20200801__20210731_z56Cudb57R1l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20190801__20200731_zQP0eNfjmcKh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zzsbVuBI0DL7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%; text-align: left"&gt;Net (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(19,248&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;8,830&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(336&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_z3duSoGZJdcl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Less: net gains recognized during the period on equity investments redeemed during the period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;10&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,090&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1984"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_zkWQWyctafvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the
    reporting date&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(19,258&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,740&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(336&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The
unrealized gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value in the table above included the following: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Year
    ended July 31 (in thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731_zlNx6Q76IuQ6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20200801__20210731_zx5IYUzT3Ou7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20190801__20200731_zQQxGrXiupp4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Unrealized (losses) gains
    recognized during the period on equity investments:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_zdE0e9reLlV7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 52%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Rafael
    Class B common stock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(14,101&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,291&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(195&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_zAww9h7bMD7g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Zedge
    Class B common stock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(533&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;591&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_zRTBXPZQ5Zd6" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the
    reporting date&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(19,258&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,740&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(336&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-19248000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">8830000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-336000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss>
    <IDT:EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">10000</IDT:EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed>
    <IDT:EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1090000</IDT:EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-19258000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7740000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-336000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember"
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      unitRef="USD">-14101000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">8291000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-195000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
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    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
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    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
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    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
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      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-19258000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
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    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
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      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-336000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">4000000.0</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments
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      unitRef="USD">1100000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments>
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      unitRef="Pure">0.2395</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage
      contextRef="AsOf2021-08-10_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.2657</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity contextRef="AsOf2021-02-02" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">3400000</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity contextRef="AsOf2021-08-10" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">1000000.0</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">These basis differences are being amortized over the
6-year estimated life of the customer list</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment>
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    <us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate
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      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.15</us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate>
    <us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">600000</us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount>
    <us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate
      contextRef="From2022-09-012022-09-30_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.15</us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate>
    <us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates contextRef="From2022-09-012022-09-30_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">2023-02-03</us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zKIzrxcdej08" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s equity method investment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zFG4axK0aw3c" style="display: none"&gt;Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zvceED58lSpi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zkaBVRuw6W15" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 66%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 13%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,901&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 13%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2027"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zNIKlYoLW7l3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Purchase of convertible preferred stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,051&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zDVYnnytNUq7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity in the net loss of investee&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(2,224&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(816&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_z1achCEZHRQ2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Amortization of equity method basis difference&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(727&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(283&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;BALANCE, END OF PERIOD&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,001&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,901&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2901000</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1051000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4000000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-2224000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-816000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <IDT:AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-727000</IDT:AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference>
    <IDT:AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-283000</IDT:AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1001000</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2901000</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments>
    <IDT:EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_891_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock_zhxyh8lpS6P3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Summarized
financial information of the EMI was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_za9e2RXSQXDe" style="display: none"&gt;Summary of Statements of Operations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zzFPXHBszvBe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zqT3TJzyHit9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,911&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;1,467&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AssetsNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,462&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,549&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_z5M37qCEwyG7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(11,480&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(4,041&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_zcQUyQEQf2xa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2052"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(50&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHox1t8trraa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zNqeH0qljQwf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;From the date of acquisition to&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                               &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_z22annTXru8c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; font-weight: bold"&gt;REVENUES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;7,889&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;1,898&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;COSTS AND EXPENSES:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_pn3n3_z8khbGMLEli9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Direct cost of revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;9,451&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,937&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_pn3n3_zpo7hQlXOY13" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Selling, general and administrative&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;5,834&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,388&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OperatingExpenses_pn3n3_zEMv9AzVJchg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;TOTAL COSTS AND EXPENSES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;15,285&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,325&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_zeuykGjePo31" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;LOSS FROM OPERATIONS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(7,396&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(3,427&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_pn3n3_zrXq8kxxKdF6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other (expense) income, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(342&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;101&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_pn3n3_zSrbZvSlGwD3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;NET LOSS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(7,738&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3,326&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AssetsCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3911000</us-gaap:AssetsCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AssetsCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1467000</us-gaap:AssetsCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AssetsNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2462000</us-gaap:AssetsNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:AssetsNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2549000</us-gaap:AssetsNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">11480000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4041000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:LiabilitiesNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">50000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7889000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1898000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">9451000</us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1937000</us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServiceExcludingDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5834000</us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
    <us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3388000</us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
    <us-gaap:OperatingExpenses
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">15285000</us-gaap:OperatingExpenses>
    <us-gaap:OperatingExpenses
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5325000</us-gaap:OperatingExpenses>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-7396000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
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      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-3427000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
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      decimals="-3"
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    <us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense
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      decimals="-3"
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      decimals="-3"
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      decimals="-3"
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    <us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_zKHofDyE4P9" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
9&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_828_zcOMb3gUxgTc"&gt;Fair Value Measurements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_znETJS3WcD59" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zhhj1dn7gDo7" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Level 1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Level 2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Level 3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 44%; text-align: left"&gt;Debt securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;13,734&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;8,569&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2084"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;22,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;17,091&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2090"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2092"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;17,091&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in noncurrent assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2096"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;1,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;1,132&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;2,362&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;30,825&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;9,799&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,132&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;41,756&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Acquisition consideration included in:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zkIKxYZ3S172" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2112"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zsmkAiTDCEgb" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2114"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zZepqoTgyvNi" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(2,578&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zQ5StvySrwhk" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(2,578&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other noncurrent liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zaUpYucsM6i7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2120"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDguZbo1Puzj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2122"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z802yhiDGVu2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(5,968&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zK1gQqZfEBe1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(5,968&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2128"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2130"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(8,546&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(8,546&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Debt securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;1,652&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;12,360&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2140"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;14,012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;40,225&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;2,209&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2148"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;42,434&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in noncurrent assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2152"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2154"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;2,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;2,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;41,877&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;14,569&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;2,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;58,911&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Acquisition consideration included in:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zPXGnttGEzn3" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2168"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_ziX6jrKCX52j" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2170"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z5U8t8kQdlFj" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(628&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z8d7AHNCl5m" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(628&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other noncurrent liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z2luIEyP7EJ7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2176"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zHapvwtM4209" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2178"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zliPXMPjLpg1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(397&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zmh3fx8biARe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(397&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2184"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2186"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(1,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(1,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A9_zUdWeSjiv7ud" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
July 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had $&lt;span id="xdx_908_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Investment in hedge funds"&gt;3.2&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_909_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_c20210731_pn5n6" title="Investment in hedge funds"&gt;3.6&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively, in investments in hedge funds, which were included
in noncurrent &#x201c;Equity investments&#x201d; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company&#x2019;s investments in hedge
funds were accounted for using the equity method, therefore they were not measured at fair value.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zxh73vD1y5ca" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following tables summarize the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_z368TkvgEeh" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20210801__20220731_z48lA7P6GRP3" style="text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20200801__20210731_zaVCQUZAx1Eg" style="text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20190801__20200731_zqthScGatH73" style="text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Year ended July 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;3,825&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;3,619&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zTUQF6T0fYq1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2202"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;354&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2204"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zIevgKuXwc73" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Exercise of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2206"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2208"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_z43Idcs3vBF8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(1,230&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,870&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2212"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_pn3n3_zn0FnCo834u" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total (losses) gains included in &#x201c;Other  (expense) income, net&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(103&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;536&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;206&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;BALANCE, END OF PERIOD&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,132&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,825&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2222"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2223"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2224"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A4_zLk4JjvnDBBb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_ztwa4IFgQoy4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following tables summarize the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B5_zSwHDuZgYZo2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210801__20220731_zGSNJ96emJxg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20200801__20210731_zI3TWGgLA4ia" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20190801__20200731_zCOpFiBX6P1a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Year ended July 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;396&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2230"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition_pn3n3_zvo1yPDIEfM3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Transfer into Level 3 from acquisitions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;7,849&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;628&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;375&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total (gain) loss included in:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInEarnings_pn3n3_zvNokzZn3Ygd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#x201c;Other operating (expense) gain, net&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2237"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2238"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_pn3n3_zLXwZyqtJ3Fg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#x201c;Foreign currency translation adjustments&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(25&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;21&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;BALANCE, END OF PERIOD&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;8,546&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;396&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities at the end of the period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2248"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2249"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2250"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A7_zP77yZnvSizk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Fair
Value of Other Financial Instruments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
estimated fair value of the Company&#x2019;s other financial instruments was determined using available market information or other appropriate
valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting these data to develop estimates of fair value. Consequently,
the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized or would be paid in a current market exchange.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Cash
and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, other current assets, customer deposits, and other current liabilities.&lt;/i&gt;
At July 31, 2022 and 2021, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated fair value because of the short period of
time to maturity. The fair value estimates for cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents were classified as Level
1 and other current assets, customer deposits, and other current liabilities were classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Other
assets and other liabilities.&lt;/i&gt; At July 31, 2022 and 2021, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated fair value.
The fair values were estimated based on the Company&#x2019;s assumptions, which were classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_znETJS3WcD59" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zhhj1dn7gDo7" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Level 1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Level 2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Level 3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 44%; text-align: left"&gt;Debt securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;13,734&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;8,569&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2084"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;22,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;17,091&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2090"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2092"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;17,091&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in noncurrent assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2096"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;1,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;1,132&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;2,362&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;30,825&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;9,799&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;1,132&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;41,756&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Acquisition consideration included in:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zkIKxYZ3S172" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2112"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zsmkAiTDCEgb" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2114"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zZepqoTgyvNi" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(2,578&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zQ5StvySrwhk" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(2,578&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other noncurrent liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zaUpYucsM6i7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2120"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDguZbo1Puzj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2122"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z802yhiDGVu2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(5,968&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zK1gQqZfEBe1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(5,968&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2128"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2130"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(8,546&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20220731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(8,546&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Debt securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;1,652&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;12,360&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2140"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;14,012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;40,225&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;2,209&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2148"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;42,434&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in noncurrent assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2152"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2154"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;2,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;2,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;41,877&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;14,569&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;2,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;58,911&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Acquisition consideration included in:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zPXGnttGEzn3" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2168"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_ziX6jrKCX52j" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2170"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z5U8t8kQdlFj" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(628&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z8d7AHNCl5m" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(628&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other noncurrent liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z2luIEyP7EJ7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2176"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zHapvwtM4209" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2178"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zliPXMPjLpg1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(397&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zmh3fx8biARe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(397&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 30pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2184"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2186"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(1,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(1,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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      unitRef="USD">1132000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
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    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
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    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
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    <IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">3200000</IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds>
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    <us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zxh73vD1y5ca" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following tables summarize the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_z368TkvgEeh" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20210801__20220731_z48lA7P6GRP3" style="text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20200801__20210731_zaVCQUZAx1Eg" style="text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20190801__20200731_zqthScGatH73" style="text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Year ended July 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;3,825&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;3,619&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zTUQF6T0fYq1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2202"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;354&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2204"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zIevgKuXwc73" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Exercise of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2206"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2208"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_z43Idcs3vBF8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(1,230&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,870&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2212"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_pn3n3_zn0FnCo834u" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total (losses) gains included in &#x201c;Other  (expense) income, net&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(103&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;536&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;206&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;BALANCE, END OF PERIOD&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,132&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,825&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2222"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2223"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2224"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2465000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3825000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2019-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3619000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <IDT:PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">354000</IDT:PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant>
    <IDT:ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-380000</IDT:ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant>
    <IDT:RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1230000</IDT:RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment>
    <IDT:RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1870000</IDT:RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-103000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">536000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">206000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">1132000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2465000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3825000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_ztwa4IFgQoy4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following tables summarize the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B5_zSwHDuZgYZo2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210801__20220731_zGSNJ96emJxg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20200801__20210731_zI3TWGgLA4ia" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20190801__20200731_zCOpFiBX6P1a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Year ended July 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;396&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2230"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition_pn3n3_zvo1yPDIEfM3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Transfer into Level 3 from acquisitions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;7,849&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;628&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;375&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total (gain) loss included in:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInEarnings_pn3n3_zvNokzZn3Ygd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#x201c;Other operating (expense) gain, net&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2237"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2238"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_pn3n3_zLXwZyqtJ3Fg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#x201c;Foreign currency translation adjustments&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(25&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;21&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;BALANCE, END OF PERIOD&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;8,546&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;396&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities at the end of the period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2248"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2249"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2250"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">1025000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue>
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    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_zw98JNJBXxu2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
10&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_828_zi43qDhSE1X3"&gt;Property, Plant, and Equipment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_zHAhL9pDBTm6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Property,
plant, and equipment consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BC_zrGy5XicRXd2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20220731_zi7WxA8gqaF1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210731_zlNBjKQTyeof" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--MachineryAndEquipmentGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zrPQx6mX38Rh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%"&gt;Equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;40,811&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;50,039&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zQRMReuKENJ7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Computer software&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;156,258&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;141,978&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LeaseholdImprovementsGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zgiYkRSZnfM1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Leasehold improvements&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,874&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,727&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zbhtvxDEpY2b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Furniture and fixtures&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;681&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;588&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAEGzQ2W_maPPAENzLFN_zRyfh7ppm9L2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Property, plant and equipment, gross&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;199,624&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;194,332&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msPPAENzLFN_zIB7fGmcRZK3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Less accumulated depreciation and amortization&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(162,758&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(163,503&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAENzLFN_z7CiqFTqOYOd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;36,866&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;30,829&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A1_zVYavlvSwsO5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company reduced its gross property, plant, and equipment and accumulated depreciation and amortization by $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_c20210801__20220731_pn5n6" title="Disposal of property, plant and equipment"&gt;17.4&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_c20200801__20210731_pn5n6" title="Disposal of property, plant and equipment"&gt;23.9&lt;/span&gt; million
in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively, for property, plant, and equipment that was fully depreciated and no longer in service.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Depreciation
and amortization expense of property, plant, and equipment was $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--Depreciation_c20210801__20220731_pn5n6" title="Depreciation expense"&gt;16.8&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zlWjps2mAP01" title="Depreciation expense"&gt;17.1&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_znaUZBTtUSJh" title="Depreciation expense"&gt;20.0&lt;/span&gt; million in fiscal 2022, fiscal
2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_hus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zYORAUhdujO5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Telephone
equipment leased to customers included in &#x201c;Equipment&#x201d; in the table above was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zbgIlAF3stC" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zmLU3qoPqzuf" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zSbFEKNA7kS3" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iTI_pn3n3_maPPAENzs0Y_z2frdIKHC0Zc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%"&gt;Equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;9,844&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;7,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msPPAENzs0Y_zIcrUGVhCuuk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Less accumulated depreciation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(3,129&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(2,071&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAENzs0Y_zFAfkr575qrb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;6,715&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,367&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A6_zCGDLLkCO7V7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Depreciation
expense of telephone equipment leased to customers was $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--Depreciation_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_pn5n6" title="Depreciation expense"&gt;1.4&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zCP2VnJj2ZH" title="Depreciation expense"&gt;1.1&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--Depreciation_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zU19LXgH2Qmh" title="Depreciation expense"&gt;0.6&lt;/span&gt; million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and
fiscal 2020, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_zHAhL9pDBTm6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Property,
plant, and equipment consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BC_zrGy5XicRXd2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20220731_zi7WxA8gqaF1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210731_zlNBjKQTyeof" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--MachineryAndEquipmentGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zrPQx6mX38Rh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%"&gt;Equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;40,811&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;50,039&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zQRMReuKENJ7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Computer software&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;156,258&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;141,978&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LeaseholdImprovementsGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zgiYkRSZnfM1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Leasehold improvements&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,874&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,727&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FurnitureAndFixturesGross_iI_pn3n3_maPPAEGzQ2W_zbhtvxDEpY2b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Furniture and fixtures&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;681&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;588&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAEGzQ2W_maPPAENzLFN_zRyfh7ppm9L2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Property, plant and equipment, gross&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;199,624&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;194,332&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msPPAENzLFN_zIB7fGmcRZK3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Less accumulated depreciation and amortization&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(162,758&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(163,503&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAENzLFN_z7CiqFTqOYOd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;36,866&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;30,829&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:MachineryAndEquipmentGross contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">40811000</us-gaap:MachineryAndEquipmentGross>
    <us-gaap:MachineryAndEquipmentGross contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">50039000</us-gaap:MachineryAndEquipmentGross>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">156258000</us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">141978000</us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross>
    <us-gaap:LeaseholdImprovementsGross contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">1874000</us-gaap:LeaseholdImprovementsGross>
    <us-gaap:LeaseholdImprovementsGross contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">1727000</us-gaap:LeaseholdImprovementsGross>
    <us-gaap:FurnitureAndFixturesGross contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">681000</us-gaap:FurnitureAndFixturesGross>
    <us-gaap:FurnitureAndFixturesGross contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">588000</us-gaap:FurnitureAndFixturesGross>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">199624000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">194332000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">162758000</us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">163503000</us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">36866000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">30829000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">17400000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">23900000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals>
    <us-gaap:Depreciation
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">16800000</us-gaap:Depreciation>
    <us-gaap:Depreciation
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">17100000</us-gaap:Depreciation>
    <us-gaap:Depreciation
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">20000000.0</us-gaap:Depreciation>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember">&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_hus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zYORAUhdujO5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Telephone
equipment leased to customers included in &#x201c;Equipment&#x201d; in the table above was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zbgIlAF3stC" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20220731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zmLU3qoPqzuf" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210731__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__custom--TelephoneEquipmentMember_zSbFEKNA7kS3" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iTI_pn3n3_maPPAENzs0Y_z2frdIKHC0Zc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%"&gt;Equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;9,844&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;7,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msPPAENzs0Y_zIcrUGVhCuuk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Less accumulated depreciation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(3,129&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(2,071&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtPPAENzs0Y_zFAfkr575qrb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;6,715&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,367&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">9844000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7438000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3129000</us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2071000</us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">6715000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5367000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
    <us-gaap:Depreciation
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1400000</us-gaap:Depreciation>
    <us-gaap:Depreciation
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1100000</us-gaap:Depreciation>
    <us-gaap:Depreciation
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TelephoneEquipmentMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">600000</us-gaap:Depreciation>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--GoodwillDisclosureTextBlock_z0Pnn2piwR32" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
11&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82B_zuTJghOa2E33"&gt;Goodwill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsAndGoodwillTableTextBlock_z5riMvELXD19" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
table below reconciles the change in the carrying amount of goodwill by operating segment for the period from July 31, 2019 to July 31,
2022:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B7_zxODuKmAc59e" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Change in Carrying Amount of Goodwill by Operating Segment&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B1_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zQVAJrytieaj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B4_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_z0rw79d0pIcb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;net2phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zWJhClCJANQg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BB_zZZhcD5mUTJg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_437_c20190801__20200731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iS_pn3n3_zXrQ0RDfWqHl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36%; font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2308"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2309"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;11,209&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;11,209&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod_pn3n3_zYLt5gZHtcp9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Acquisition&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2313"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,437&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2315"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,437&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_pn3n3_zGXQcyvUAjca" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Foreign currency translation adjustments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2318"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;82&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;130&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;212&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_43B_c20200801__20210731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iS_pn3n3_zZH1nG9qjpW7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2323"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,519&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;11,339&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;12,858&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod_pn3n3_zLNpshInXRsb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Acquisition&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2328"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2329"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_pn3n3_za6IucfSMEhk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Foreign currency translation adjustments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2333"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;10&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_433_c20210801__20220731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iS_pn3n3_z6r3Xpgr2FY5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2338"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,523&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;13,374&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;14,897&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_436_c20210801__20220731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iS_pn3n3_zAoGAafXYL0j" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at beginning&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,523&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;13,374&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;14,897&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod_pn3n3_zvaCaGfYQZFj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Acquisitions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;3,199&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,433&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2350"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;11,632&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments_pn3n3_z2QCXPvLKESh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Adjustment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2353"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2354"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;392&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;392&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_pn3n3_z1nBzf5q0umk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Foreign currency translation adjustments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2358"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(213&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(328&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(541&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_43C_c20210801__20220731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iE_pn3n3_zj543vDSCLkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,199&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;9,743&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;13,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;26,380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_43B_c20210801__20220731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iE_pn3n3_zKLztXsoNXbh" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at end&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,199&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;9,743&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;13,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;26,380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A6_zJxwRQalNln5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:GoodwillDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsAndGoodwillTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsAndGoodwillTableTextBlock_z5riMvELXD19" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
table below reconciles the change in the carrying amount of goodwill by operating segment for the period from July 31, 2019 to July 31,
2022:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B7_zxODuKmAc59e" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Change in Carrying Amount of Goodwill by Operating Segment&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B1_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zQVAJrytieaj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B4_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_z0rw79d0pIcb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;net2phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zWJhClCJANQg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BB_zZZhcD5mUTJg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_437_c20190801__20200731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iS_pn3n3_zXrQ0RDfWqHl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36%; font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2308"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2309"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;11,209&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;11,209&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod_pn3n3_zYLt5gZHtcp9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Acquisition&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2313"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,437&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2315"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,437&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_pn3n3_zGXQcyvUAjca" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Foreign currency translation adjustments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2318"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;82&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;130&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;212&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_43B_c20200801__20210731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iS_pn3n3_zZH1nG9qjpW7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2323"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,519&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;11,339&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;12,858&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod_pn3n3_zLNpshInXRsb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Acquisition&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2328"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2329"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_pn3n3_za6IucfSMEhk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Foreign currency translation adjustments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2333"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;10&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_433_c20210801__20220731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iS_pn3n3_z6r3Xpgr2FY5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2338"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,523&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;13,374&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;14,897&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_436_c20210801__20220731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iS_pn3n3_zAoGAafXYL0j" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at beginning&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,523&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;13,374&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;14,897&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod_pn3n3_zvaCaGfYQZFj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Acquisitions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;3,199&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,433&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2350"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;11,632&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments_pn3n3_z2QCXPvLKESh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Adjustment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2353"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2354"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;392&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;392&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_pn3n3_z1nBzf5q0umk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Foreign currency translation adjustments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2358"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(213&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(328&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(541&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_43C_c20210801__20220731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iE_pn3n3_zj543vDSCLkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,199&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;9,743&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;13,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;26,380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_43B_c20210801__20220731_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iE_pn3n3_zKLztXsoNXbh" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at end&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,199&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;9,743&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;13,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;26,380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsAndGoodwillTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2019-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">11209000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill contextRef="AsOf2019-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">11209000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1437000</us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1437000</us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">82000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">130000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">212000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1519000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">11339000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">12858000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2025000</us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2025000</us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">10000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">14000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1523000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13374000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">14897000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1523000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13374000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">14897000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3199000</us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">8433000</us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">11632000</us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">392000</us-gaap:GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">392000</us-gaap:GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-213000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-328000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-541000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3199000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">9743000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13438000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">26380000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3199000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">9743000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13438000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">26380000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zwAOBUGH3hmg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
12&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_827_zfqFqky6Idl1"&gt;Other Intangible Assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_zJrFkrGgC9S1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
table below presents information on the Company&#x2019;s amortized intangible assets:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zRCk3MHHecr5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Company's Amortized Intangible Assets&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Weighted&lt;br/&gt; Average&lt;br/&gt; Amortization&lt;br/&gt; Period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Gross&lt;br/&gt; Carrying&lt;br/&gt; Amount&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Accumulated&lt;br/&gt; Amortization&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Net&lt;br/&gt; Balance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; width: 40%"&gt;Tradenames&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zSqlUoPDXnRa" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;11.4&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_pn3n3" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;2,480&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_pn3n3" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(700&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_pn3n3" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;1,780&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Non-compete agreements&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_z5cpsL7pZQtj" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;5.5&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;1,316&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(549&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;767&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Customer relationships&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zjoSpJ97JAsd" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;7.8&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;11,590&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(4,528&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;7,062&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731_z1122NDOYrn6" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;8.2&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_iI_pn3n3_c20220731_zv0PjGfdUi2g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;15,386&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_iI_pn3n3_c20220731_zXl95otm0Omf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(5,777&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3_c20220731_z4kLShwtLSHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;9,609&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Tradenames&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_z47iWXo4qqAd" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;13.0&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;2,080&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(506&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;1,574&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Non-compete agreements&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_zdSrHxj6xEhf" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;4.9&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;680&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;300&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Customer relationships&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zbTeY7TWCeDa" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;11.5&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;9,462&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(3,758&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;5,704&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20200801__20210731_z6SE50rVXrW7" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;11.4&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;12,222&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(4,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;7,578&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A0_zHGOe1GQ1qJ1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Amortization
expense of intangible assets was $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731_z4gr1x82RyF1" title="Amortization of Intangible Assets"&gt;1.3&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731_zQdskkkEt5I5" title="Amortization of Intangible Assets"&gt;0.7&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731_zGmtPW5hyKie" title="Amortization of Intangible Assets"&gt;0.4&lt;/span&gt; million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively.
The Company estimates that amortization expense of intangible assets with finite lives will be $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zduPstDthUQ7" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year One"&gt;1.5&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zGU2Z0isBRf" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Two"&gt;1.4&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zCyKFBhe7od6" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Three"&gt;1.2&lt;/span&gt; million,
$&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zSPWN4xBTZyf" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Four"&gt;1.2&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zLptkOYpqFX2" title="Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Five"&gt;1.2&lt;/span&gt; million in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2024, fiscal 2025, fiscal 2026, and fiscal 2027, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_zJrFkrGgC9S1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
table below presents information on the Company&#x2019;s amortized intangible assets:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zRCk3MHHecr5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Company's Amortized Intangible Assets&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Weighted&lt;br/&gt; Average&lt;br/&gt; Amortization&lt;br/&gt; Period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Gross&lt;br/&gt; Carrying&lt;br/&gt; Amount&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Accumulated&lt;br/&gt; Amortization&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Net&lt;br/&gt; Balance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; width: 40%"&gt;Tradenames&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zSqlUoPDXnRa" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;11.4&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_pn3n3" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;2,480&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_pn3n3" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(700&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_pn3n3" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;1,780&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Non-compete agreements&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_z5cpsL7pZQtj" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;5.5&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;1,316&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(549&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;767&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Customer relationships&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zjoSpJ97JAsd" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;7.8&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;11,590&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(4,528&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20220731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;7,062&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220731_z1122NDOYrn6" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;8.2&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_iI_pn3n3_c20220731_zv0PjGfdUi2g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;15,386&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_iI_pn3n3_c20220731_zXl95otm0Omf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(5,777&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3_c20220731_z4kLShwtLSHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;9,609&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Tradenames&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_z47iWXo4qqAd" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;13.0&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;2,080&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(506&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;1,574&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Non-compete agreements&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_zdSrHxj6xEhf" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;4.9&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;680&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;300&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Customer relationships&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zbTeY7TWCeDa" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;11.5&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;9,462&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(3,758&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20210731__us-gaap--IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;5,704&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife_dtY_c20200801__20210731_z6SE50rVXrW7" title="Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life"&gt;11.4&lt;/span&gt; years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Gross Carrying Amount"&gt;12,222&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Amortization"&gt;(4,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Net Balance"&gt;7,578&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember">P11Y4M24D</us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2480000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-700000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1780000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember">P5Y6M</us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1316000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross>
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      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-549000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">767000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember">P7Y9M18D</us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">11590000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-4528000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7062000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">P8Y2M12D</us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">15386000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">-5777000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">9609000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember">P13Y</us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2080000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-506000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1574000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember">P4Y10M24D</us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">680000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-380000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">300000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember">P11Y6M</us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">9462000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-3758000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5704000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31">P11Y4M24D</us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">12222000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">-4644000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">7578000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1300000</us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets>
    <us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">700000</us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets>
    <us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">400000</us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">1500000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">1400000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">1200000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">1200000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">1200000</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive>
    <us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock_zweUG4QOOAh3" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
13&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_824_zNc7nccWLPhk"&gt;Variable Interest Entity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;As
of May 31, 2021, the Company entered into a Warrant Purchase Agreement with the shareholders of an entity (the &#x201c;VIE&#x201d;)
that operates money transfer businesses. The purchase price of the warrant was cash of $&lt;span id="xdx_902_ecustom--PaymentsToAcquireWarrant_pn5n6_c20210501__20210531__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VariableInterestEntityMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_zwy5DTWCebic" title="Payments to acquire warrant"&gt;0.8&lt;/span&gt;
million and a contingent payment of $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent_pn5n6_c20210501__20210531__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VariableInterestEntityMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_zSAicwUj5Odg" title="Contingent consideration potential payment noncurrent"&gt;0.1&lt;/span&gt;
million. The Company has various management rights and protective provisions pursuant to the Warrant Purchase Agreement. Primarily
as a result of the Warrant Purchase Agreement, the Company can obtain &lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20210501__20210531__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VariableInterestEntityMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember_zhvyfPY91XZ" title="Variable interest entity, qualitative or quantitative information, ownership percentage"&gt;90%&lt;/span&gt;
of the ownership interests in the VIE. The Company determined that, effective May 31, 2021, it had the power to direct the
activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and the Company has the obligation to absorb losses
of and the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to it. The Company therefore determined that
it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and as a result, the Company consolidates the VIE. The Company does not currently own any
interest in the VIE and thus the net income incurred by the VIE was attributed to noncontrolling interests in the accompanying
statements of income.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_890_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zHbciOCHtUTe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s net income and aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_zxwr120wSdYj" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210801__20220731_zwe5OFXso1Q9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                              &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210601__20210731_ztWvh1dsywJb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;For the period from May 31, 2021 to July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_pn3n3_zLGRYoyNUz57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Net income of the VIE&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;248&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;54&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_pn3n3_zo7uk2SIrLvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(94&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AD_zRyib5Qetnk1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89B_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_z8EvVc5dgBKl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_zAQ2TkeN3jK4" style="display: none"&gt;VIE&#x2019;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20220731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_z8jINcAhfgS8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zYktI2N4ito9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;ASSETS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,808&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;1,364&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Restricted cash&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;4,490&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,848&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts receivable, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;31&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;91&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;344&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,387&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;858&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Due from the Company&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;86&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2491"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;467&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;637&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other intangibles, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;889&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,042&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;TOTAL ASSETS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;9,172&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;8,184&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;LIABILITIES AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2502"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;312&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;20&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;26&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;5,559&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4,491&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Due to the Company&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2511"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(9&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(7&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncontrolling interests&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,602&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,354&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;9,172&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;8,184&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A0_z7UyfNnBpHRk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s assets may only be used to settle the VIE&#x2019;s obligations and may not be used for other consolidated entities. The VIE&#x2019;s
liabilities are non-recourse to the general credit of the Company&#x2019;s other consolidated entities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock>
    <IDT:PaymentsToAcquireWarrant
      contextRef="From2021-05-012021-05-31_custom_VariableInterestEntityMember_custom_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">800000</IDT:PaymentsToAcquireWarrant>
    <IDT:ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent
      contextRef="From2021-05-012021-05-31_custom_VariableInterestEntityMember_custom_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">100000</IDT:ContingentConsiderationPotentialPaymentNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage
      contextRef="From2021-05-012021-05-31_custom_VariableInterestEntityMember_custom_WarrantPurchaseAgreementMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.90</us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage>
    <srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_890_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zHbciOCHtUTe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s net income and aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_zxwr120wSdYj" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210801__20220731_zwe5OFXso1Q9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Year ended&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                              &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;July 31, 2022&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210601__20210731_ztWvh1dsywJb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;For the period from May 31, 2021 to July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_pn3n3_zLGRYoyNUz57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Net income of the VIE&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;248&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;54&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_pn3n3_zo7uk2SIrLvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(94&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock>
    <IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">248000</IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount>
    <IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount
      contextRef="From2021-06-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">54000</IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount>
    <IDT:VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-94000</IDT:VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity>
    <IDT:VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity
      contextRef="From2021-06-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">8000</IDT:VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity>
    <srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89B_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_z8EvVc5dgBKl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_zAQ2TkeN3jK4" style="display: none"&gt;VIE&#x2019;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20220731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_z8jINcAhfgS8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zYktI2N4ito9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;ASSETS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,808&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;1,364&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Restricted cash&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;4,490&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,848&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts receivable, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;31&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;91&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;344&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,387&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;858&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Due from the Company&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;86&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2491"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;467&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;637&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other intangibles, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;889&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,042&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;TOTAL ASSETS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;9,172&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;8,184&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;LIABILITIES AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2502"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;312&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;20&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;26&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;5,559&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4,491&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Due to the Company&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2511"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(9&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(7&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncontrolling interests&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,602&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,354&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;9,172&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;8,184&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_zNy8zXU0TGg9" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
14&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82A_zefnd7lS8FGc"&gt;Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zzygHB7CQnNi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the other operating (expense) gain, net by business segment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_z6rvtUzKLJ72" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20210801__20220731_zhFEwW9gOa68" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20200801__20210731_zojrqLIDF7ta" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20190801__20200731_zSTTIe3Tq516" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--LegalFees_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzHrI_z8mtxUGwZbh1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate &#x2014;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(7,671&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(2,876&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(3,658&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_maOOIENzHrI_zp5BUF8jHWZ7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Corporate &#x2014;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;6,635&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,101&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,127&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_maOOIENzHrI_zmHGoYlNABde" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Fintech&#x2014;other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;20&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;45&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2537"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;net2phone&#x2014;write-off of contingent consideration liability&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2540"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2541"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--Net2PhoneOtherNet_iN_di_msOOIENzHrI_zUFPKjB5UIU7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;net2phone&#x2014;other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(10&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(100&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(638&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_maOOIENzHrI_ztswIgReMCji" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Traditional Communications&#x2014;gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2547"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2549"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim_iN_di_msOOIENzHrI_zHODq9QOMsXk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Traditional Communications&#x2014;net2phone indemnification claim&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(96&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(472&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,244&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary_maOOIENzHrI_zujLbnUYwXjc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Traditional Communications&#x2014; accrual for non-income related taxes related to a foreign subsidiary&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2555"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2556"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(2,150&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsOther_iN_di_msOOIENzHrI_zugc6QNCz3W8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Traditional Communications&#x2014;other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(7&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(967&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(500&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_iT_pn3n3_mtOOIENzHrI_z1uYWFb7rl9k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(826&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;731&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(5,063&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A4_zgp1CuoWltF6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Straight
Path Communications Inc. Class Action&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;As
discussed in Note 23, the Company (as well as other defendants) has been named in a pending putative class action on behalf of the stockholders
of the Company&#x2019;s former subsidiary, Straight Path Communications Inc. (&#x201c;Straight Path&#x201d;), and a derivative complaint.
The Company incurred legal fees and recorded offsetting gains from insurance claims related to this action in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021,
and fiscal 2020.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Write-off
of Contingent Consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In
fiscal 2022, the Company determined that the requirements for a contingent consideration payment related to an acquisition consummated
in December 2019 would not be met before the expiration date for such contingency. The Company recognized a gain on the write-off of
the contingent consideration payment obligation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Gain
from Sale of Rights under Class Action Lawsuit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
December 21, 2020, the Company received $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties_pn5n6_c20201219__20201221__us-gaap--LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis__custom--PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_zufD3NpZ3Pq9" title="Proceed from sale to third parties"&gt;2.0&lt;/span&gt; million from the sale to a third party of all its rights under the Payment Card Interchange
Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation related to claims that merchants paid excessive fees to accept Visa and Mastercard cards
between January 1, 2004 and January 25, 2019.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Indemnification
Claim&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Beginning
in June 2019, as part of a commercial resolution, the Company indemnified a net2phone cable telephony customer related to patent infringement
claims brought against the customer.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Accrual
for Non-Income Related Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
fiscal 2020, the Company recorded an accrual for non-income related taxes related to one of its foreign subsidiaries.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zzygHB7CQnNi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the other operating (expense) gain, net by business segment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_z6rvtUzKLJ72" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20210801__20220731_zhFEwW9gOa68" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20200801__20210731_zojrqLIDF7ta" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20190801__20200731_zSTTIe3Tq516" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--LegalFees_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzHrI_z8mtxUGwZbh1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate &#x2014;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(7,671&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(2,876&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(3,658&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_maOOIENzHrI_zp5BUF8jHWZ7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Corporate &#x2014;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;6,635&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,101&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,127&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_maOOIENzHrI_zmHGoYlNABde" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Fintech&#x2014;other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;20&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;45&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2537"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzHrI_zlFzH9qz2rMg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;net2phone&#x2014;write-off of contingent consideration liability&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2540"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2541"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--Net2PhoneOtherNet_iN_di_msOOIENzHrI_zUFPKjB5UIU7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;net2phone&#x2014;other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(10&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(100&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(638&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_maOOIENzHrI_ztswIgReMCji" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Traditional Communications&#x2014;gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2547"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2549"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim_iN_di_msOOIENzHrI_zHODq9QOMsXk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Traditional Communications&#x2014;net2phone indemnification claim&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(96&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(472&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,244&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary_maOOIENzHrI_zujLbnUYwXjc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Traditional Communications&#x2014; accrual for non-income related taxes related to a foreign subsidiary&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2555"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2556"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(2,150&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsOther_iN_di_msOOIENzHrI_zugc6QNCz3W8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Traditional Communications&#x2014;other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(7&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(967&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(500&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_iT_pn3n3_mtOOIENzHrI_z1uYWFb7rl9k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(826&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;731&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(5,063&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7671000</us-gaap:LegalFees>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2876000</us-gaap:LegalFees>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3658000</us-gaap:LegalFees>
    <us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">6635000</us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds>
    <us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3101000</us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds>
    <us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3127000</us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds>
    <IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">20000</IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement>
    <IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">45000</IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement>
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      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-303000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1>
    <IDT:Net2PhoneOtherNet
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">10000</IDT:Net2PhoneOtherNet>
    <IDT:Net2PhoneOtherNet
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">100000</IDT:Net2PhoneOtherNet>
    <IDT:Net2PhoneOtherNet
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">638000</IDT:Net2PhoneOtherNet>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2000000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">96000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">472000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1244000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-2150000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsAccrualForNonIncomeRelatedTaxesRelatedToForeignSubsidiary>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsOther
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsOther>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsOther
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">967000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsOther>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsOther
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">500000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsOther>
    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-826000</us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet>
    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">731000</us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet>
    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-5063000</us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet>
    <IDT:ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties
      contextRef="From2020-12-192020-12-21_custom_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2000000.0</IDT:ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties>
    <us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--DebtDisclosureTextBlock_zAKtobW7PrO7" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
15&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82F_zcPz4beP268j"&gt;Revolving Credit Facility and Note Payable&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Revolving
Credit Facility&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc. (&#x201c;IDT Telecom&#x201d;), entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021,
with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zndBY2m9aye" title="Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity"&gt;25.0&lt;/span&gt; million. IDT Telecom may use the proceeds
to finance working capital requirements and for certain closing costs of the facility. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, there were &lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20220731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_z2ZkKGtKo73b" title="Revolving credit amount outstanding"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20210731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_ztD4lzft76a5" title="Revolving credit amount outstanding"&gt;no&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; amounts
outstanding under this facility. In fiscal 2022, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid an aggregate of $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zw5uMrqSa1tg" title="Repayments of lines of credit"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zTSbl3TYAeKl" title="Proceeds from lines of credit"&gt;2.6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; million under the facility. &lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zIty8e64Zn75" title="Line of Credit Facility, Description"&gt;The
revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#x2019;s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum
at the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. LIBOR multiplied by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus
125 to 175 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#x2019;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. Interest is
payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2024. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly
unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zcum43xq7TX8" title="Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity"&gt;25.0&lt;/span&gt; million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending
upon IDT Telecom&#x2019;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter.&lt;/span&gt; IDT Telecom is required to comply with various
affirmative and negative covenants as well as maintain certain targets based on financial ratios during the term of the revolving credit
facility. As of July 31, 2022 and 2021, IDT Telecom was in compliance with all of the covenants.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
Telecom had a credit agreement dated as of October 31, 2019, with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal
amount of $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20191031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--CreditAgreementMember_z59uVlOc3Gvl" title="Line of credit, maximum borrowing capacity"&gt;25.0&lt;/span&gt; million until its maturity date on July 15, 2020. &lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--CreditAgreementMember_zZxF1Pd7jr5g" title="Credit facility, description"&gt;The principal outstanding incurred interest per annum at the LIBOR
rate adjusted by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus 125 basis points.&lt;/span&gt; IDT Telecom paid a quarterly unused commitment fee
of &lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage_pid_dp_uPure_c20191001__20191031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--CreditAgreementMember_z3654fVNskjh" title="Average percentage of commitment fee per annum"&gt;0.3%&lt;/span&gt; per annum on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20191031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--CreditAgreementMember_zTOxSwgBW4Ik" title="Revolving credit, unused portion amount"&gt;25.0&lt;/span&gt; million commitment.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
Payable&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
April 20, 2020, IDT Domestic Telecom, Inc. (&#x201c;IDT DT&#x201d;), a subsidiary of the Company, received loan proceeds of $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromNotesPayable_pn5n6_c20200419__20200420__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zKzVexYH9NT3" title="Proceeds from Notes Payable"&gt;10.0&lt;/span&gt; million
(the &#x201c;PPP Loan&#x201d;) from TD Bank, N.A., pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the &#x201c;PPP&#x201d;) under the Coronavirus
Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (&#x201c;CARES Act&#x201d;) administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. On April 29,
2020, IDT DT returned all $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfNotesPayable_pn5n6_c20200428__20200429__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zhUZypbLAVHg" title="Repayments of Notes Payable"&gt;10.0&lt;/span&gt; million in proceeds from the PPP Loan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity
      contextRef="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">25000000.0</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCredit
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">0</us-gaap:LineOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCredit
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">0</us-gaap:LineOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2600000</us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2600000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityDescription contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember">The
revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#x2019;s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum
at the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. LIBOR multiplied by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus
125 to 175 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#x2019;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. Interest is
payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2024. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly
unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $25.0 million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending
upon IDT Telecom&#x2019;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter.</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityDescription>
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      contextRef="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">25000000.0</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity
      contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember_custom_CreditAgreementMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">25000000.0</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityDescription contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember_custom_CreditAgreementMember">The principal outstanding incurred interest per annum at the LIBOR
rate adjusted by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus 125 basis points.</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityDescription>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage
      contextRef="From2019-10-012019-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember_custom_CreditAgreementMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.003</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityUnusedCapacityCommitmentFeePercentage>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity
      contextRef="AsOf2019-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember_custom_CreditAgreementMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">25000000.0</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromNotesPayable
      contextRef="From2020-04-192020-04-20_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">10000000.0</us-gaap:ProceedsFromNotesPayable>
    <us-gaap:RepaymentsOfNotesPayable
      contextRef="From2020-04-282020-04-29_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">10000000.0</us-gaap:RepaymentsOfNotesPayable>
    <us-gaap:AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock_z30QX1gPBzx5" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
16&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_820_zHxufo3GSY03"&gt;Accrued Expenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_z4DCJLuDLsm8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Accrued
expenses consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_z3EEe1NCqLYj" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Accrued Expenses&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220731_zqXaVQtsMSu" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210731_zI3dSf8nmtT9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--CarrierMinutesTermination_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zEl1ijVjbGbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Carrier minutes termination&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;28,869&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;35,738&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zge6PBnh01vl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Regulatory fees and taxes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;48,146&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;52,292&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_z4YlDtnFnzK1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Compensation costs&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;16,145&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zNhwYytr8M8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Maintenance and support&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,122&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,258&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zPHQHoXswaC3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Commissions (money transfer and Mobile Top-Up)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,204&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,213&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zVYmUXFfvKs2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Legal and professional fees&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;6,601&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;6,134&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zVRXGpE3e3w7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;12,022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;12,985&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iTI_pn3n3_mtALCz5UA_zYotKs3ijtH7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;117,109&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;129,085&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A2_z5Md8CvSiO2d" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_z4DCJLuDLsm8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Accrued
expenses consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_z3EEe1NCqLYj" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Accrued Expenses&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220731_zqXaVQtsMSu" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210731_zI3dSf8nmtT9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--CarrierMinutesTermination_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zEl1ijVjbGbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Carrier minutes termination&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;28,869&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;35,738&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zge6PBnh01vl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Regulatory fees and taxes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;48,146&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;52,292&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_z4YlDtnFnzK1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Compensation costs&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;16,145&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15,465&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zNhwYytr8M8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Maintenance and support&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,122&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,258&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zPHQHoXswaC3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Commissions (money transfer and Mobile Top-Up)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,204&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,213&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zVYmUXFfvKs2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Legal and professional fees&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;6,601&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;6,134&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maALCz5UA_zVRXGpE3e3w7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;12,022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;12,985&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iTI_pn3n3_mtALCz5UA_zYotKs3ijtH7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;117,109&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;129,085&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock>
    <IDT:CarrierMinutesTermination contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">28869000</IDT:CarrierMinutesTermination>
    <IDT:CarrierMinutesTermination contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">35738000</IDT:CarrierMinutesTermination>
    <IDT:AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">48146000</IDT:AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent>
    <IDT:AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">52292000</IDT:AccruedRegulatoryFeesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">16145000</us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">15465000</us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <IDT:AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2122000</IDT:AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport>
    <IDT:AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3258000</IDT:AccruedMaintenanceAndSupport>
    <us-gaap:AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3204000</us-gaap:AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3213000</us-gaap:AccruedSalesCommissionCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">6601000</us-gaap:AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">6134000</us-gaap:AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">12022000</us-gaap:OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">12985000</us-gaap:OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">117109000</us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">129085000</us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_80A_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock_zwwDUdFPpOyl" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
17&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_820_zdiFMXh8KtK1"&gt;Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
September 29, 2021, NRS sold shares of its Class B common stock representing &lt;span id="xdx_907_ecustom--SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_pid_dp_uPure_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zzfF820Fb736" title="Capital stock outstanding percentage"&gt;2.5%&lt;/span&gt; of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis to Alta Fox Opportunities Fund LP (&#x201c;Alta Fox&#x201d;) for cash of $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn6n6_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_z7fMCwqGdI3k" title="Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; million. Alta Fox has the right to request that NRS
redeem all or any portion of the NRS common shares that it purchased at the per share purchase price during a period of 182 days following
the fifth anniversary of this transaction. The redemption right shall terminate upon the consummation of (i) a sale of NRS or its assets
for cash or securities that are listed on a national securities exchange, (ii) a public offering of NRS&#x2019; securities, or (iii) a
distribution of NRS&#x2019; capital stock following which NRS&#x2019; common shares are listed on a national securities exchange.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
shares of NRS&#x2019; Class B common stock sold to Alta Fox have been classified as mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated
balance sheet because they may be redeemed at the option of Alta Fox, although the shares are not mandatorily redeemable. The carrying
amount of the shares includes the noncontrolling interest in the net income of NRS.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock>
    <IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction
      contextRef="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.025</IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction>
    <us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction
      contextRef="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-6"
      unitRef="USD">10000000</us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction>
    <us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock_zxJtWrvu6Sa3" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
18&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82B_zN08ykoSbFeb"&gt;Other (Expense) Income, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_zCB6HlpI5ifb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other (expense) income, net consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zcEkAtRYonmf" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20210801__20220731_z1sYQjTMdGOe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210731_zUJzZIViFP3e" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20190801__20200731_zPuO22HiExz9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zDbIDZHgXHck" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%; text-align: left"&gt;Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,742&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;1,009&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;370&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zBaahJtTDwi2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity in net loss of investee&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(2,951&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,099&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2641"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zpFwSxQctdah" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Write-off of tax assets related to prior periods&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2643"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2644"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,346&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--GainLossOnInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_ziqMbibgXL8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;(Losses) gains on investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(19,248&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;8,830&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(336&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OtherIncome_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zD41pnvFT7r5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,411&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(824&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;45&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_iT_pn3n3_mtNIEzYgG_ztLAUlXAR9Td" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(25,352&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,916&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(1,267&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A1_zhfksKXYvZvj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_zCB6HlpI5ifb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other (expense) income, net consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zcEkAtRYonmf" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20210801__20220731_z1sYQjTMdGOe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210731_zUJzZIViFP3e" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20190801__20200731_zPuO22HiExz9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zDbIDZHgXHck" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%; text-align: left"&gt;Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,742&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;1,009&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;370&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zBaahJtTDwi2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity in net loss of investee&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(2,951&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,099&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2641"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zpFwSxQctdah" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Write-off of tax assets related to prior periods&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2643"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2644"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,346&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--GainLossOnInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_ziqMbibgXL8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;(Losses) gains on investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(19,248&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;8,830&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(336&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OtherIncome_pn3n3_maNIEzYgG_zD41pnvFT7r5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,411&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(824&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;45&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_iT_pn3n3_mtNIEzYgG_ztLAUlXAR9Td" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;TOTAL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(25,352&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,916&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(1,267&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock>
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    <us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized
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      unitRef="USD">1009000</us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized>
    <us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized
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      unitRef="USD">370000</us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
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      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-2951000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
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      unitRef="USD">-1099000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <IDT:WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods
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      unitRef="USD">-1346000</IDT:WriteoffOfTaxAssetsRelatedToPriorPeriods>
    <us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-19248000</us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments>
    <us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">8830000</us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments>
    <us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-336000</us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments>
    <us-gaap:OtherIncome
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1411000</us-gaap:OtherIncome>
    <us-gaap:OtherIncome
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-824000</us-gaap:OtherIncome>
    <us-gaap:OtherIncome
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">45000</us-gaap:OtherIncome>
    <us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-25352000</us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense>
    <us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7916000</us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense>
    <us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1267000</us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_80B_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_zyxbE2r73Lzi" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
19&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82B_zPFGjt1taeo6"&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock_z8zB7Ck5qj1k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
components of income before income taxes are as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zdAoPX8fLcV4" style="display: none"&gt;Components of Income Before Income Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20210801__20220731_zGKT65KNfR37" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20200801__20210731_zeniLVTBKARg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20190801__20200731_zFjM9PHCBMyj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic_pn3n3_maILFCOzB94_z9fhi8c3Fmzc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%"&gt;Domestic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;25,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;60,969&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;13,380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign_pn3n3_maILFCOzB94_zwHJhv38thJ8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Foreign&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;9,858&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;4,255&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;4,338&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_pn3n3_mtILFCOzB94_zXPCaarHLQw" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;34,883&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;65,224&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;17,718&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AC_zyQSwdlLqGLj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zmbN8SAop2dc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Significant
components of the Company&#x2019;s deferred income tax assets consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BC_z8Or6m7DQzba" style="display: none"&gt;Significant Components of Deferred Income Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220731_zsRsM7HbYnGh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210731_zRxp0GB0aWGf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Deferred income tax assets:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_zeSK5PDCX4ba" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Bad debt reserve&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;959&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;1,011&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_zD3ll05Sjtm6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,570&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,456&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_z1w7y03wH8E7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Stock options and restricted stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;42&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;980&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_z1L1S3bBicRh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Charitable contributions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;730&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;778&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zY4suVY4v7z" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Depreciation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(640&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(373&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zolYzzepT0Tl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Unrealized gain&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,895&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,826&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_zDUs7v4BOlu1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Net operating loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;40,733&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;49,368&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxDeferredIncome_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zUOM363rwYVg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Deferred revenue&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2698"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(352&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtDTAGzZ44_maDTALNzjVU_zfWc5bLOR2Hk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total deferred income tax assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;48,289&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;53,042&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTALNzjVU_zWIRc5KYrOD1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(11,588&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(11,540&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtDTALNzjVU_zK6mhZKA2mb9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;NET DEFERRED INCOME TAX ASSETS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;36,701&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;41,502&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A6_zNmpSg3HjXgj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock_zoUaZbH67kQh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
(provision for) benefit from income taxes consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zsCF2yDvxZAa" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of (Provision for) Benefits from Income Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220731_zYtjYxq3Bqla" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20200801__20210731_z4A0F6vaKLhd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20190801__20200731_zZsOwKaZNTjj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Current:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maCITEBzYVZ_zQANtdZetdz6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Federal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(45&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2713"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2714"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maCITEBzYVZ_zMsU2e8vSaSe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 52%; text-align: left"&gt;State and local&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(863&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(512&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(46&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maCITEBzYVZ_zsLRv1mo8uz6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Foreign&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(729&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(811&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(177&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtCITEBzYVZ_maITEBz2xK_zqs0jDNQBZKc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Current&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,637&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(1,323&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(223&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Deferred:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zOiqM19ucVM6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Federal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(2,596&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;26,408&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;8,345&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zSzvt1lBF53g" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;State and local&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(19&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(57&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;12&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zbW2qKPBWtSc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Foreign&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,626&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;6,639&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(4,434&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtDITEBzjME_maITEBz2xK_z34Xa0R0x9la" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Deferred&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(4,241&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;32,990&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,923&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtITEBz2xK_zSN44VCyyEJi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;(PROVISION FOR) BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(5,878&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;31,667&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,700&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AC_z0rNcfBMzZsj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock_zQrUJu50K9ll" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
differences between income taxes expected at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and income taxes provided are as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B7_zBO20eLMzRUh" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Differences Between Income Taxes Expected Federal Statutory Income Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210801__20220731_zxZeGZoN6tCi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20200801__20210731_zdNoVO46USrj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20190801__20200731_zouXIyCCSMI1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zTcG20wnAP3l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%; text-align: left"&gt;U.S. federal income tax at statutory rate&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(7,325&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(13,697&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(3,721&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zZf2BskLqLNi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,147&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;47,862&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15,470&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zkDJDSbAlmPj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Foreign tax rate differential&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,059&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(190&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(3,702&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zgRPAJynzzbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Nondeductible expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,044&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(636&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(813&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zWs9AWLX5ru4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;299&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;88&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseRestructuringCharges_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zqRtwQ4Vo9qg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Foreign restructuring&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2770"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,510&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(3,266&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zxu1agJLGmxi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;State and local income tax, net of federal benefit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(686&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(461&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(356&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtITEBzt8p_zijLyd46cka1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;(PROVISION FOR) BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(5,878&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;31,667&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,700&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AB_zs44XZJMHSJf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s cumulative undistributed foreign earnings are included in accumulated deficit in the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance
sheets and consisted of approximately $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--UndistributedEarningsOfForeignSubsidiaries_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zLcnOp0VJcW8" title="Undistributed Earnings of Foreign Subsidiaries"&gt;297&lt;/span&gt; million at July 31, 2022. The Company has concluded that the earnings remain permanently reinvested.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
July 31, 2022, the Company had U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--OperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zKISLZp4faQh" title="Operating Loss Carryforwards"&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;
million. These loss carryforwards are available to offset future U.S. federal taxable income. &lt;span id="xdx_906_ecustom--OperatingLossExpirationDescription_c20210801__20220731_zaRD4S9sL78" title="Operating loss expiration description"&gt;U.S.
federal net operating loss carryforwards of $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsSubjectToExpiration_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zzNHqOQxTjFd" title="Net operating loss carryforwards subject to expiration"&gt;97&lt;/span&gt;
million expire in fiscal 2027 through fiscal 2038, and $&lt;span id="xdx_903_ecustom--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNoExpiration_pn6n6_c20210801__20220731_zK8xFirdRsU9" title="Net operating loss carryforwards no expiration"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; million do not expire.&lt;/span&gt; The Company has foreign net operating loss
carryforwards of approximately $&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsForeign_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_z6AI7UMKVlM3" title="Foreign net operating loss carry forwards"&gt;75&lt;/span&gt;
million, of which approximately $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zJvHOdza60Oa" title="Foreign net operating loss carry forwards no expiration"&gt;63&lt;/span&gt;
million does not expire, approximately $&lt;span id="xdx_900_ecustom--ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwoToTenYears_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_znrdlFuie2zk" title="Foreign net operating loss, expiration in two to ten years."&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;
million expires in two to ten years and approximately $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwentyYears_iI_pn6n6_c20220731_zSr6xAdr5Sa1" title="Foreign net operating loss, expiration in twenty years"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
million expires in twenty years. These foreign loss carryforwards are available to offset future taxable income in the countries in
which the losses were incurred. &lt;span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--NetOperatingLossCarryForwardsYearOfExpiration_c20210801__20220731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__srt--SubsidiariesMember_z9BaNv3Hlxs8" title="Net operating losses expiration, description"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s subsidiary, net2phone, has additional U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn6n6_c20220731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__srt--SubsidiariesMember_z9312xX7tSfk" title="Operating Loss Carryforwards"&gt;14&lt;/span&gt;
million, which will expire through fiscal 2027.&lt;/span&gt; With the reacquisition of net2phone by the Company in March 2006, its losses
were limited under Internal Revenue Code Section 382 to approximately $&lt;span id="xdx_900_ecustom--SubsidiaryTaxNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsAnnualLimitAmountUnderInternalRevenueCode_pn6n6_c20210801__20220731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__srt--SubsidiariesMember_zMfpe4hVshsc" title="Total Subsidiary Tax Net Operating Loss Carry Forwards Annual Limit Amount Under Internal Revenue Code"&gt;7 &lt;/span&gt;million
per year. The net operating loss carryforwards do not include any excess benefits related to stock options or restricted stock.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--SummaryOfValuationAllowanceTextBlock_zmopDutDuWJf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
change in the valuation allowance is as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zJ7nhLMCZC0b" style="display: none"&gt;Summary of Changes in Valuation Allowance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Balance at&lt;br/&gt; beginning of&lt;br/&gt; year&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Additions&lt;br/&gt; charged to&lt;br/&gt; costs and&lt;br/&gt; expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Deductions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Balance at&lt;br/&gt; end of year&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from deferred income taxes, net:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zZ0D22uKDt75" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Balance at beginning of year"&gt;11,540&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_c20210801__20220731_pn3n3" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Additions charged to costs and expenses"&gt;48&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zX3m34cVXJn6" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Deductions"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2812"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zdPVX5n7zGW1" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Balance at end of year"&gt;11,588&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from deferred income taxes, net:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_z1SMkkna8nPl" style="text-align: right" title="Balance at beginning of year"&gt;58,700&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_c20200801__20210731_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Additions charged to costs and expenses"&gt;835&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zmdBE6t1NXOa" style="text-align: right" title="Deductions"&gt;(47,995&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iE_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zmYF7KgMWdw" style="text-align: right" title="Balance at end of year"&gt;11,540&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from deferred income taxes, net:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zRdDxqVg5RG5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Balance at beginning of year"&gt;74,170&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_c20190801__20200731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Additions charged to costs and expenses"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2826"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zhnEsaV3U9Wc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Deductions"&gt;(15,470&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iE_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zqP9CNrQxONc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Balance at end of year"&gt;58,700&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AB_zH4g5ypzRYgk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
fiscal 2021, the Company released $&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis__custom--ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_zyY4rH7h3kl8" title="Valuation Allowance, Deferred Tax Asset, Increase (Decrease), Amount"&gt;46.5&lt;/span&gt; million of its valuation allowance on the portion of the deferred income tax assets that it is
more likely than not going to utilize. This release was mostly related to domestic deferred income tax assets. The Company used the framework
of ASC &lt;i&gt;Income Taxes (Topic 740)&lt;/i&gt; to determine whether the valuation allowance should be maintained or reversed. The Company considered
the scheduled expiration of its net operating losses included in its deferred tax assets, projected future taxable income, and tax planning
strategies in its assessment of the valuation allowance. The primary factors that resulted in the valuation allowance release were the
three consecutive years of profitability in the United States and expected future profitability in both the United States and the United
Kingdom that will utilize a significant portion of the net operating losses. The Company&#x2019;s tax planning strategies were not a significant
factor in the analysis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
fiscal 2020, due to taxable income in the United States, the Company utilized deferred tax assets and released the corresponding valuation
allowance to offset income tax expense of $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis__custom--ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember_zI4ZJqFQXUl" title="SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction"&gt;3.5&lt;/span&gt; million. In addition, in fiscal 2020, the Company released an additional $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis__custom--ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_zAlL7lm5rTM9" title="SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction"&gt;8.4&lt;/span&gt; million
of the valuation allowance on the portion of the deferred tax assets that it is more likely than not going to utilize because the Company
forecasted future profitability in the United States.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
July 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not have any unrecognized income tax benefits. There were no changes in the balance of unrecognized
income tax benefits in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020. At July 31, 2022, the Company did not expect any changes in unrecognized
income tax benefits during the next twelve months. In fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company did not record any interest
and penalties on income taxes. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, there was no accrued interest included in current income taxes payable.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In September 2017, the Company, IDT DT, and certain other affiliates
were certified by the New Jersey Economic Development Authority (&#x201c;NJEDA&#x201d;) as having met all of the requirements of the Grow
New Jersey Assistance Act Tax Credit Program. The program provides for credits against a corporation&#x2019;s New Jersey corporate business
tax liability and that, tax credits may be sold subject to certain conditions.&#160;The tax credits are dependent on the corporation maintaining
a minimum number of employees in New Jersey.&#160;The Company has applied for several years of credits. To date, only the Company&#x2019;s
report for its 2019 tax filing period has received an award recommendation from the NJEDA. The award recommendation was in the amount
of $&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxCredits_pn5n6_c20170901__20170930_zHFg72dXAT38" title="Tax credit award recommendation amount"&gt;1.8&lt;/span&gt; million and is subject to the NJEDA&#x2019;s quality control and quality assurance review.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company currently remains subject to examinations of its tax returns as follows: U.S. federal tax returns for fiscal 2019 to fiscal 2022,
state and local tax returns generally for fiscal 2018 to fiscal 2022, and foreign tax returns generally for fiscal 2018 to fiscal 2022.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock_z8zB7Ck5qj1k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
components of income before income taxes are as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zdAoPX8fLcV4" style="display: none"&gt;Components of Income Before Income Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20210801__20220731_zGKT65KNfR37" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20200801__20210731_zeniLVTBKARg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20190801__20200731_zFjM9PHCBMyj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic_pn3n3_maILFCOzB94_z9fhi8c3Fmzc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%"&gt;Domestic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;25,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;60,969&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;13,380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign_pn3n3_maILFCOzB94_zwHJhv38thJ8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Foreign&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;9,858&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;4,255&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;4,338&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_pn3n3_mtILFCOzB94_zXPCaarHLQw" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;34,883&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;65,224&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;17,718&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">25025000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">60969000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13380000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">9858000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4255000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4338000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">34883000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">65224000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">17718000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zmbN8SAop2dc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Significant
components of the Company&#x2019;s deferred income tax assets consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BC_z8Or6m7DQzba" style="display: none"&gt;Significant Components of Deferred Income Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220731_zsRsM7HbYnGh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210731_zRxp0GB0aWGf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Deferred income tax assets:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_zeSK5PDCX4ba" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Bad debt reserve&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;959&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;1,011&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_zD3ll05Sjtm6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3,570&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,456&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_z1w7y03wH8E7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Stock options and restricted stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;42&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;980&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_z1L1S3bBicRh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Charitable contributions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;730&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;778&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zY4suVY4v7z" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Depreciation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(640&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(373&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zolYzzepT0Tl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Unrealized gain&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,895&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,826&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn3n3_maDTAGzZ44_zDUs7v4BOlu1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Net operating loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;40,733&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;49,368&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxDeferredIncome_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTAGzZ44_zUOM363rwYVg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Deferred revenue&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2698"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(352&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsGross_iTI_pn3n3_mtDTAGzZ44_maDTALNzjVU_zfWc5bLOR2Hk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total deferred income tax assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;48,289&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;53,042&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iNI_pn3n3_di_msDTALNzjVU_zWIRc5KYrOD1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(11,588&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(11,540&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtDTALNzjVU_zK6mhZKA2mb9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;NET DEFERRED INCOME TAX ASSETS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;36,701&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;41,502&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">959000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">1011000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3570000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3456000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">42000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">980000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">730000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">778000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsCharitableContributionCarryforwards>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">640000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">373000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <IDT:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">-2895000</IDT:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities>
    <IDT:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">1826000</IDT:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUnrealizedLossGainsOnTradingSecurities>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">40733000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">49368000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxDeferredIncome contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">352000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxDeferredIncome>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGross contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">48289000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGross>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGross contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">53042000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGross>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">11588000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">11540000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">36701000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">41502000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock_zoUaZbH67kQh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
(provision for) benefit from income taxes consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zsCF2yDvxZAa" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of (Provision for) Benefits from Income Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220731_zYtjYxq3Bqla" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20200801__20210731_z4A0F6vaKLhd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20190801__20200731_zZsOwKaZNTjj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Current:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maCITEBzYVZ_zQANtdZetdz6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Federal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(45&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2713"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2714"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maCITEBzYVZ_zMsU2e8vSaSe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 52%; text-align: left"&gt;State and local&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(863&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(512&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(46&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maCITEBzYVZ_zsLRv1mo8uz6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Foreign&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(729&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(811&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(177&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtCITEBzYVZ_maITEBz2xK_zqs0jDNQBZKc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Current&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,637&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(1,323&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(223&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Deferred:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zOiqM19ucVM6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Federal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(2,596&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;26,408&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;8,345&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zSzvt1lBF53g" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;State and local&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(19&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(57&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;12&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_pn3n3_di_maDITEBzjME_zbW2qKPBWtSc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Foreign&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,626&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;6,639&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(4,434&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtDITEBzjME_maITEBz2xK_z34Xa0R0x9la" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Deferred&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(4,241&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;32,990&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,923&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtITEBz2xK_zSN44VCyyEJi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;(PROVISION FOR) BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(5,878&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;31,667&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,700&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">45000</us-gaap:CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">863000</us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">512000</us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">46000</us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">729000</us-gaap:CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">811000</us-gaap:CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">177000</us-gaap:CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1637000</us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1323000</us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">223000</us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2596000</us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-26408000</us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-8345000</us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">19000</us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">57000</us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-12000</us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1626000</us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-6639000</us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4434000</us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4241000</us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-32990000</us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-3923000</us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5878000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-31667000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-3700000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock_zQrUJu50K9ll" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
differences between income taxes expected at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and income taxes provided are as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B7_zBO20eLMzRUh" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Differences Between Income Taxes Expected Federal Statutory Income Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210801__20220731_zxZeGZoN6tCi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20200801__20210731_zdNoVO46USrj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20190801__20200731_zouXIyCCSMI1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zTcG20wnAP3l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%; text-align: left"&gt;U.S. federal income tax at statutory rate&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(7,325&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(13,697&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;(3,721&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zZf2BskLqLNi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,147&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;47,862&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15,470&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zkDJDSbAlmPj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Foreign tax rate differential&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(1,059&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(190&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(3,702&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zgRPAJynzzbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Nondeductible expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2,044&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(636&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(813&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zWs9AWLX5ru4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;299&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;88&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseRestructuringCharges_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zqRtwQ4Vo9qg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Foreign restructuring&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2770"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,510&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(3,266&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes_iN_pn3n3_di_maITEBzt8p_zxu1agJLGmxi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;State and local income tax, net of federal benefit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(686&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(461&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(356&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iNT_pn3n3_di_mtITEBzt8p_zijLyd46cka1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;(PROVISION FOR) BENEFIT FROM INCOME TAXES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(5,878&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;31,667&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,700&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7325000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13697000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3721000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1147000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-47862000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-15470000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1059000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">190000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3702000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-2044000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">636000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">813000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-299000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-88000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseRestructuringCharges
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1510000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseRestructuringCharges>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseRestructuringCharges
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3266000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseRestructuringCharges>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">686000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">461000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">356000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5878000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-31667000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-3700000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:UndistributedEarningsOfForeignSubsidiaries contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-6" unitRef="USD">297000000</us-gaap:UndistributedEarningsOfForeignSubsidiaries>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLossCarryforwards contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-6" unitRef="USD">100000000</us-gaap:OperatingLossCarryforwards>
    <IDT:OperatingLossExpirationDescription contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">U.S.
federal net operating loss carryforwards of $97
million expire in fiscal 2027 through fiscal 2038, and $3 million do not expire.</IDT:OperatingLossExpirationDescription>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsSubjectToExpiration contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-6" unitRef="USD">97000000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsSubjectToExpiration>
    <IDT:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNoExpiration
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-6"
      unitRef="USD">3000000</IDT:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNoExpiration>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsForeign contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-6" unitRef="USD">75000000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsForeign>
    <IDT:ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-6" unitRef="USD">63000000</IDT:ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsNoExpiration>
    <IDT:ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwoToTenYears contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-6" unitRef="USD">11000000</IDT:ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwoToTenYears>
    <IDT:ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwentyYears contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-6" unitRef="USD">1000000</IDT:ForeignNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationTwentyYears>
    <IDT:NetOperatingLossCarryForwardsYearOfExpiration contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_SubsidiariesMember">The
Company&#x2019;s subsidiary, net2phone, has additional U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $14
million, which will expire through fiscal 2027.</IDT:NetOperatingLossCarryForwardsYearOfExpiration>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLossCarryforwards
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_srt_SubsidiariesMember"
      decimals="-6"
      unitRef="USD">14000000</us-gaap:OperatingLossCarryforwards>
    <IDT:SubsidiaryTaxNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsAnnualLimitAmountUnderInternalRevenueCode
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_srt_SubsidiariesMember"
      decimals="-6"
      unitRef="USD">7000000</IDT:SubsidiaryTaxNetOperatingLossCarryForwardsAnnualLimitAmountUnderInternalRevenueCode>
    <us-gaap:SummaryOfValuationAllowanceTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--SummaryOfValuationAllowanceTextBlock_zmopDutDuWJf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
change in the valuation allowance is as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zJ7nhLMCZC0b" style="display: none"&gt;Summary of Changes in Valuation Allowance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Year ended July 31 &lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Balance at&lt;br/&gt; beginning of&lt;br/&gt; year&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Additions&lt;br/&gt; charged to&lt;br/&gt; costs and&lt;br/&gt; expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Deductions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Balance at&lt;br/&gt; end of year&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from deferred income taxes, net:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zZ0D22uKDt75" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Balance at beginning of year"&gt;11,540&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_c20210801__20220731_pn3n3" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Additions charged to costs and expenses"&gt;48&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zX3m34cVXJn6" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Deductions"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2812"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zdPVX5n7zGW1" style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Balance at end of year"&gt;11,588&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from deferred income taxes, net:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_z1SMkkna8nPl" style="text-align: right" title="Balance at beginning of year"&gt;58,700&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_c20200801__20210731_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Additions charged to costs and expenses"&gt;835&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zmdBE6t1NXOa" style="text-align: right" title="Deductions"&gt;(47,995&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iE_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zmYF7KgMWdw" style="text-align: right" title="Balance at end of year"&gt;11,540&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Reserves deducted from deferred income taxes, net:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zRdDxqVg5RG5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Balance at beginning of year"&gt;74,170&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_c20190801__20200731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Additions charged to costs and expenses"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2826"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zhnEsaV3U9Wc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Deductions"&gt;(15,470&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iE_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zqP9CNrQxONc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Balance at end of year"&gt;58,700&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:SummaryOfValuationAllowanceTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">11540000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">48000</us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">11588000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">58700000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">835000</us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense>
    <us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-47995000</us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">11540000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance contextRef="AsOf2019-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">74170000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-15470000</us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">58700000</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">46500000</us-gaap:ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount>
    <us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedCurrentExpenseMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">3500000</us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions>
    <us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">8400000</us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxCredits
      contextRef="From2017-09-012017-09-30"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1800000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxCredits>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_zXPR9uE2M6wi" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
20&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82E_zQxptYInFpja"&gt;Equity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Class
A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
rights of holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical except for certain voting and conversion rights and
restrictions on transferability. The holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock receive identical dividends per share when
and if declared by the Company&#x2019;s Board of Directors. In addition, the holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock
have identical and equal priority rights per share in liquidation. The Class A common stock and Class B common stock do not have any
other contractual participation rights. The holders of Class A common stock are entitled to three votes per share and the holders of
Class B common stock are entitled to one-tenth of a vote per share. Each share of Class A common stock may be converted into one share
of Class B common stock, at any time, at the option of the holder. Shares of Class A common stock are subject to certain limitations
on transferability that do not apply to shares of Class B common stock.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Stock
Repurchases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company has an existing stock repurchase program authorized by its Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of the
Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock. The Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to &lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zmZ5VvjENv8d" title="Aggregate repurchased shares"&gt;8.0&lt;/span&gt;
million shares in the aggregate. In fiscal 2022, the Company repurchased &lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_pdd" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"&gt;554,744&lt;/span&gt;
shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_z31Mks6q08Sa" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"&gt;13.4&lt;/span&gt;
million. In fiscal 2021, the Company repurchased &lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zw7MhRsV5Tdc" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"&gt;463,792&lt;/span&gt;
shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zZr7Q4MWUBw6" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"&gt;2.8&lt;/span&gt;
million. In fiscal 2020, the Company repurchased &lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zmG7aYCrOts6" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"&gt;671,117&lt;/span&gt;
shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zYshX6LQQprj" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"&gt;4.2&lt;/span&gt;
million. At July 31, 2022, &lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20220731_zG7EkoslMfe5" title="Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Number of Shares Authorized to be Repurchased"&gt;5.2&lt;/span&gt;
million shares remained available for repurchase under the stock repurchase program.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company paid $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zWZBNL79bzzc" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"&gt;9.0&lt;/span&gt;
million, $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_z0nryxtqxoFd" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"&gt;1.3&lt;/span&gt;
million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_ztlc5Twga699" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"&gt;0.3&lt;/span&gt;
million, respectively, to repurchase &lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zxwV0BKkqeO5" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"&gt;200,438&lt;/span&gt;; &lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zecAxV3wFF4l" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"&gt;109,381&lt;/span&gt;;
and &lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zLlfyJ5y7Umh" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"&gt;37,348&lt;/span&gt;
shares, respectively, of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of the Company to satisfy the
employees&#x2019; tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of deferred stock units (&#x201c;DSUs&#x201d;) and lapsing
of restrictions on restricted stock. Such shares are repurchased by the Company based on their fair market value on the trading day
immediately prior to the vesting date.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="Shares">8000000.0</us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">554744</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">13400000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">463792</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2800000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">671117</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">4200000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="Shares">5200000</us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">9000000.0</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1300000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">300000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">200438</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">109381</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">37348</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock_zjD9MzZFuHC" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
21&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82F_zYM7kimpci7i"&gt;Stock-Based Compensation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Stock-Based
Compensation Plan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan is intended to provide incentives to officers, employees, directors, and consultants of the Company,
including stock options, stock appreciation rights, limited rights, DSUs, and restricted stock. On December 15, 2021, the Company&#x2019;s
stockholders approved an amendment to the Company&#x2019;s 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of the
Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock available for the grant of awards thereunder by an additional &lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized_c20211214__20211215__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zlmCPQmRO7F4" title="Additional number of shares authorized"&gt;175,000&lt;/span&gt; shares. On December 12, 2019,
the Company&#x2019;s stockholders approved an amendment to the 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of
the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock available for the grant of awards thereunder by an additional &lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized_pn5n6_c20191210__20191212__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zWDrHyHrVX8i" title="Additional number of shares authorized"&gt;0.4&lt;/span&gt; million shares. At July 31,
2022, the Company had &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zQ4BthVe7m1l" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Authorized"&gt;1.7 &lt;/span&gt;million shares of Class B common stock reserved for awards made under the 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan
and &lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zJj6IjPJyeS6" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant"&gt;0.1&lt;/span&gt; million shares were available for future grants.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Stock
Options&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Option
awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company&#x2019;s stock on the date of grant. &lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zCJOJ9oeu91a" title="Vesting description"&gt;Option
awards generally vest on a graded basis over three years of service and have ten-year contractual terms&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_do_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zz9GNkPlqWEb" title="Options granted"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_do_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zmvmEnxiFcJ4" title="Options granted"&gt;No&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; option awards were granted
in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, or fiscal 2020. The fair value of stock options was estimated on the date of the grant using a Black-Scholes
valuation model. Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock and other factors.
The Company uses historical data on exercise of stock options, post vesting forfeitures and other factors to estimate the expected term
of the stock-based payments granted. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_zelKx2nQDiHh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;A
summary of stock option activity for the Company is as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zcIhD4ru5E77" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Stock Option Activity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Number of&lt;br/&gt; Options&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Weighted-&lt;br/&gt; Average&lt;br/&gt; Exercise&lt;br/&gt; Price&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Weighted-&lt;br/&gt; Average&lt;br/&gt; Remaining&lt;br/&gt; Contractual&lt;br/&gt; Term (in years)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Aggregate&lt;br/&gt; Intrinsic Value&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;Outstanding at July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z1zgLTxiuCa1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Outstanding, Beginning balance"&gt;1,035&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731_zk5VMTfO7po1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning balance"&gt;14.89&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zGTQtiec8zW9" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Granted"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2892"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20210801__20220731_zFvMdUjAXOG8" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Granted"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2894"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Exercised&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zrCuKjB8Y9r3" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Exercised"&gt;(1,010&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_ziaoGtlduVob" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercised"&gt;(14.92&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cancelled / Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zETHKrhDd6Dd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Cancelled / Forfeited"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2900"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zQAd43EIyJS5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Cancelled / Forfeited"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2902"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;OUTSTANDING AT JULY 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zD5ILnDgUldb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, outstanding, Ending balance"&gt;25&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_z7pdCntjOsJ3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending balance"&gt;13.72&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20210801__20220731_zelmpy6IEPV" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Outstanding"&gt;2.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zKcpsm5wGsEj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding"&gt;308&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;EXERCISABLE AT JULY 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z2zhmAaAPYxj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Exercisable"&gt;25&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_zO5jsJPhftR4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercisable"&gt;13.72&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_dtY_c20210801__20220731_zmhiwpy8IuA7" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Exercisable"&gt;2.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zykax7Ng9o1i" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable"&gt;308&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A1_zLly5vDspFtl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company received cash from the exercise of stock options of $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zmLXi30Wi2Ng" title="Proceeds from Stock Options Exercised"&gt;0.1&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zsiNMeB8wat8" title="Proceeds from Stock Options Exercised"&gt;0.7&lt;/span&gt; million,
and $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zJlnfENH7I06" title="Proceeds from Stock Options Exercised"&gt;0.3&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively, for which the Company issued &lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_z1Ty9hHPeY5l" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period"&gt;1,010,000&lt;/span&gt;; &lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zRhSs6yYx3Ma" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period"&gt;81,041&lt;/span&gt;; and &lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zYi29W0kqigc" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period"&gt;32,551&lt;/span&gt; shares, respectively, of its Class B common
stock. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zWYoPyWeUKb" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value"&gt;19.7&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_zUlOBQnGOxP4" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value"&gt;0.2&lt;/span&gt; million,
and $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--StockOptionMember_z0NVVbhlTv1b" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value"&gt;16,000&lt;/span&gt;, respectively. At July 31, 2022, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
stock options exercised in fiscal 2022 included the exercise in April 2022 by Howard S. Jonas of stock options for &lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pn6n6_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zUZ8eKF4vOuh" title="Options to purchase shares of common stock"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt;
million shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock that were granted on &lt;span id="xdx_909_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate_dd_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zIC8MmFl4Va2" title="Options grant date"&gt;May
2, 2017&lt;/span&gt;. The exercise price of these options was $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_c20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zi1ULncFSXo3" title="Exercise price of options"&gt;14.93&lt;/span&gt;
per share and the expiration date was &lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate_dd_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_z9CN3qTEn41g" title="Option expiration date"&gt;May
1, 2022&lt;/span&gt;. Mr. Jonas used &lt;span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_pip0_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zdC6M42HXo9g" title="Number of shares used as options"&gt;528,635&lt;/span&gt;
shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock with a value of $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_z4einACPg2sl" title="Aggregate exercise price of options"&gt;14.9&lt;/span&gt;
million to pay the aggregate exercise price of the options. In addition, Mr. Jonas tendered &lt;span id="xdx_909_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_pip0_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zrQo4HuO5b24" title="Stock option exercised, shares"&gt;137,364&lt;/span&gt;
shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock with a value of $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20220401__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember_zB0wU8zxiM64" title="Stock option exercised, value"&gt;3.9&lt;/span&gt;
million to satisfy a portion of his tax obligations in connection with his stock option exercises.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Restricted
Stock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
fair value of restricted shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock is determined based on the closing price of the Company&#x2019;s
Class B common stock on the grant date. &lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zTqWdHXB19ud" title="Vesting description"&gt;Share awards generally vest on a graded basis over three years of service.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zdy1bW7A79u9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;A
summary of the status of the Company&#x2019;s grants of restricted shares of Class B common stock is presented below:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_zUcwXyHN7G6k" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Number of Non-vested Shares&lt;br/&gt;
(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%"&gt;Non-vested restricted shares at July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zartXHNj28yl" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Beginning Balance"&gt;195&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zdFzrguAu2rb" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Beginning balance"&gt;4.49&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zsUDcyVeL6fd" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Granted"&gt;6&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zv6xrvsoO3th" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Granted"&gt;39.65&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Vested&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zxwkSPctm5Rd" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Vested"&gt;(198&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zGK67iwsEeW9" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Vested"&gt;(5.19&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z6Xx88Bd8DPf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Forfeited"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2970"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zKGW4vZOLRvi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Forfeited"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2972"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;NON-VESTED RESTRICTED SHARES AT JULY 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z1ygXY8neA22" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Ending Balance"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zQz8zYYjHXua" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Ending balance"&gt;31.80&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AF_zh6CQ3ttFdOa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
July 31, 2022, there was $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions_iI_pn5n6_c20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zXiBzFZppBqk" title="Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Excluding Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount"&gt;0.1&lt;/span&gt; million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock-based compensation arrangements,
which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of &lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zQeZM4jt8yFf" title="Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition"&gt;1.4&lt;/span&gt; years. The total grant date fair value of shares vested in fiscal
2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zhLiMq6tQmLa" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zDqEsim7OxR3" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value"&gt;0.2&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zZsCdJHPXTva" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value"&gt;0.3&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Deferred
Stock Units Equity Incentive Program&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company had an equity incentive program in the form of DSUs that, upon vesting, entitled the grantees to receive shares of the Company&#x2019;s
Class B common stock. Subject to continued full time employment or other service to the Company, &lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDescription_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zw8uxVoVlF4d" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Description"&gt;the DSUs were eligible for vesting in
three equal amounts on each of January 6, 2020, January 5, 2021, and January 5, 2022. The number of shares issuable on each vesting date
varied between 50% to 200% of the number of DSUs that vested on that vesting date, depending on the market price for the underlying Class
B common stock on the vesting date relative to the market price at the time of the grant.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
January 5, 2022, January 5, 2021, and January 6, 2020, in accordance with the program and based on elections made by certain grantees,
the Company issued &lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20220104__20220105__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_z0ZfJXI1mP71" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period"&gt;301,296&lt;/span&gt;; &lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20210104__20210105__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zvZ0mz65yfU3" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period"&gt;283,838&lt;/span&gt;; and &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20200102__20200106__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zSyMHQYPXh15" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period"&gt;100,284&lt;/span&gt; shares, respectively, of its Class B common stock in respect of vested DSUs.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Effective as of September 21, 2020,
the Company also granted &lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_z3qwsI45O4o4" title="Number of deferred stock units granted"&gt;4,000&lt;/span&gt;
DSUs that, upon vesting, entitled the grantee to receive shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock. In September 2022 and
September 2021, the Company issued &lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20220901__20220930__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zq1t9goiR6R7"&gt;1,333&lt;/span&gt;
and &lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20210901__20210930__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zeqcCbg37Ne2"&gt;1,334&lt;/span&gt; shares, respectively, of its Class B common stock in respect of vested DSUs. The remaining &lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zx8i4xaIArN"&gt;1,333&lt;/span&gt; DSUs are eligible
for vesting on &lt;span id="xdx_906_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod_pid_dd_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zTtHhi19H2u2"&gt;September 22, 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_zWq8NEhUIhk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;A
summary of the status of the Company&#x2019;s grants of DSUs is presented below:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zF0o74p7hw4l" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Number of Non-vested&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                              &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;DSUs&lt;br/&gt;
(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Weighted-Average&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                              &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Grant- Date&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                              &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%"&gt;Non-vested shares at July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zbIVCmDb6lfd" style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;154&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731_zuLc5pVcTsKk" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Beginning balance"&gt;10.39&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zsjwXzYmiet3" style="text-align: right"&gt;4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pid_c20210801__20220731_zh0jRmKxBMn7" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Granted"&gt;6.96&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Vested&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zc8j99G9aa9d" style="text-align: right"&gt;(152&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zEKyIWwX29Hd" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Vested"&gt;(10.34&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zDFOFMdH03Q8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zONLrno3xJk3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Forfeited"&gt;(11.19&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;NON-VESTED SHARES AT JULY 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zMRBV8cHh6i4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_zChbtwi0LTxi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Ending balance"&gt;6.96&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A7_zMclMTL6Fb1e" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At July 31, 2022, there was $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions_iI_c20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zGMFo9y1wq2a" title="Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Excluding Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount"&gt;11,000&lt;/span&gt; of total unrecognized compensation
cost related to non-vested DSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of &lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_dtY_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zBz6pYRnlld5" title="Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition"&gt;0.7&lt;/span&gt; years. The
total grant date fair value of DSUs vested in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020 was $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zsDQIh5v5NG7" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value"&gt;1.6&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zyla5K84UV85" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value"&gt;1.5&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pn5n6_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zCeK10bmIJmb" title="Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value"&gt;1.1&lt;/span&gt; million,
respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;NRS
Restricted Stock Grants&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In
February 2022, restricted shares of NRS&#x2019; Class B common stock representing &lt;span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_pid_dp_uPure_c20220201__20220228__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--NRSCommonClassBMember_zbyBFBLiT7Qg" title="Outstanding capital stock, percent"&gt;0.4&lt;/span&gt;% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis were granted to certain employees of the Company for services provided. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense and
an increase in &#x201c;Additional paid-in capital&#x201d; of $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_pn5n6_c20220201__20220228__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--NRSCommonClassBMember_zXQyzVijh1B1" title="Stock based compensation"&gt;1.2&lt;/span&gt; million for these grants, based on the estimated fair value on the grant
date.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Effective
as of June 30, 2022, restricted shares of NRS&#x2019; Class B common stock representing &lt;span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_pid_dp_uPure_c20220601__20220630__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--NRSCommonClassBMember_zxZx4G59QlW1" title="Outstanding capital stock, percent"&gt;1.2&lt;/span&gt;% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully
diluted basis were granted to certain NRS employees. The restrictions on the shares will lapse in three installments on each of June
1, 2024, 2026, and 2027. The Company estimated that the fair value of the restricted shares on the grant date was $&lt;span id="xdx_908_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220630__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockMember_zuBpdh0AZB48" title="Aggregate estimated fair value on grant date recognized over the vesting period"&gt;3.3&lt;/span&gt; million, which
will be recognized over the vesting period.&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Grant
of Restricted Equity in net2phone 2.0, Inc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
December 31, 2020, a compensatory arrangement with each of Howard S. Jonas and Shmuel Jonas, the Company&#x2019;s Chief Executive Officer,
was finalized. Howard S. Jonas and Shmuel Jonas each received &lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_dc_c20201230__20201231__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwoPhoneIncMember_z9ghJt5FqFQd" title="Number of restricted shares issued"&gt;fifty&lt;/span&gt; restricted shares of net2phone 2.0&#x2019;s Class B common stock,
which represented an aggregate of &lt;span id="xdx_909_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_pid_dp_uPure_c20201230__20201231__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwoPhoneIncMember_zV8O9BmfP3v" title="Common stock outstanding, percentage"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;% of net2phone 2.0&#x2019;s issued and outstanding common stock at July 31, 2022. &lt;span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220731__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwoPhoneIncMember_zzg2IaOgbyog" title="Grant of restricted equity description"&gt;The restricted shares
will vest if: (a) for any fiscal quarter of net2phone 2.0 between November 1, 2020 and October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0 records subscription
revenue that is at least $18 million, and (b) as of October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0&#x2019;s valuation is $100 million or more. The restricted
shares will also vest in the event, prior to October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0 or its assets are sold at an equity valuation and on a cash-free
basis of $100 million or more, regardless of whether the revenue threshold was satisfied prior thereto. The restricted shares entitle
each grantee to proceeds only on a sale, spin-off, initial public offering, or other monetization of net2phone 2.0 and have protection
from dilution for the first $15 million invested in net2phone 2.0 following the grant&lt;/span&gt;. It is probable that these restricted shares will
vest by October 31, 2023. The aggregate estimated fair value on the grant date was $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue_iI_pn5n6_c20201231__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwoPhoneIncMember_ziyIgMgNV8A" title="Aggregate estimated fair value on grant date recognized over the vesting period"&gt;0.2&lt;/span&gt; million based on a Monte Carlo simulation of
a range of possible future revenue amounts on risk-neutral basis, to which a net revenue multiple was applied to determine the future
enterprise value. The aggregate estimated fair value is being recognized over the vesting period.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized
      contextRef="From2021-12-142021-12-15_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">175000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized
      contextRef="From2019-12-102019-12-12_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="Shares">400000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="Shares">1700000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="Shares">100000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember">Option
awards generally vest on a graded basis over three years of service and have ten-year contractual terms</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">0</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">0</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_zelKx2nQDiHh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;A
summary of stock option activity for the Company is as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zcIhD4ru5E77" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Stock Option Activity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Number of&lt;br/&gt; Options&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Weighted-&lt;br/&gt; Average&lt;br/&gt; Exercise&lt;br/&gt; Price&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Weighted-&lt;br/&gt; Average&lt;br/&gt; Remaining&lt;br/&gt; Contractual&lt;br/&gt; Term (in years)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Aggregate&lt;br/&gt; Intrinsic Value&lt;br/&gt; (in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;Outstanding at July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z1zgLTxiuCa1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Outstanding, Beginning balance"&gt;1,035&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731_zk5VMTfO7po1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning balance"&gt;14.89&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zGTQtiec8zW9" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Granted"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2892"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_pid_c20210801__20220731_zFvMdUjAXOG8" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Granted"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2894"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Exercised&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zrCuKjB8Y9r3" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Exercised"&gt;(1,010&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_ziaoGtlduVob" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercised"&gt;(14.92&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Cancelled / Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zETHKrhDd6Dd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Cancelled / Forfeited"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2900"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zQAd43EIyJS5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Cancelled / Forfeited"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2902"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;OUTSTANDING AT JULY 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zD5ILnDgUldb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, outstanding, Ending balance"&gt;25&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_z7pdCntjOsJ3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending balance"&gt;13.72&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_dtY_c20210801__20220731_zelmpy6IEPV" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Outstanding"&gt;2.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zKcpsm5wGsEj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding"&gt;308&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;EXERCISABLE AT JULY 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_z2zhmAaAPYxj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Number of Options, Exercisable"&gt;25&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_zO5jsJPhftR4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercisable"&gt;13.72&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_dtY_c20210801__20220731_zmhiwpy8IuA7" title="Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Exercisable"&gt;2.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zykax7Ng9o1i" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable"&gt;308&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="Shares">1035000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">14.89</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">1010000</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">14.92</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="Shares">25000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">13.72</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice>
    <us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2 contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">P2Y1M6D</us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">308000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="Shares">25000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">13.72</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice>
    <us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1 contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">P2Y1M6D</us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1>
    <us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1 contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">308000</us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">100000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">700000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">300000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">1010000</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">81041</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">32551</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">19700000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">200000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_us-gaap_StockOptionMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">16000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember"
      decimals="-6"
      unitRef="Shares">1000000.0</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised>
    <IDT:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember">2017-05-02</IDT:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardGrantDate>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">14.93</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember">2022-05-01</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate>
    <IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">528635</IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">14900000</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised>
    <IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding
      contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">137364</IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2022-04-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_HowardSJonasMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">3900000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember">Share awards generally vest on a graded basis over three years of service.</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRights>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">&lt;p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zdy1bW7A79u9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;A
summary of the status of the Company&#x2019;s grants of restricted shares of Class B common stock is presented below:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_zUcwXyHN7G6k" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Number of Non-vested Shares&lt;br/&gt;
(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%"&gt;Non-vested restricted shares at July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zartXHNj28yl" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Beginning Balance"&gt;195&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zdFzrguAu2rb" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Beginning balance"&gt;4.49&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zsUDcyVeL6fd" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Granted"&gt;6&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zv6xrvsoO3th" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Granted"&gt;39.65&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Vested&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zxwkSPctm5Rd" style="text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Vested"&gt;(198&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zGK67iwsEeW9" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Vested"&gt;(5.19&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z6Xx88Bd8DPf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Forfeited"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2970"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zKGW4vZOLRvi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Forfeited"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2972"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;NON-VESTED RESTRICTED SHARES AT JULY 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z1ygXY8neA22" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Number of Non-vested Shares, Ending Balance"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zQz8zYYjHXua" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Ending balance"&gt;31.80&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">195000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">4.49</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">6000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">39.65</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">198000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">5.19</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">3000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">31.80</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue>
    <us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">100000</us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions>
    <us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1 contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember">P1Y4M24D</us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1000000.0</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue
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      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">200000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue
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      decimals="-5"
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    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDescription contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">the DSUs were eligible for vesting in
three equal amounts on each of January 6, 2020, January 5, 2021, and January 5, 2022. The number of shares issuable on each vesting date
varied between 50% to 200% of the number of DSUs that vested on that vesting date, depending on the market price for the underlying Class
B common stock on the vesting date relative to the market price at the time of the grant.</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDescription>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod
      contextRef="From2022-01-042022-01-05_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">301296</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-01-042021-01-05_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">283838</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod
      contextRef="From2020-01-022020-01-06_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">100284</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">4000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod
      contextRef="From2022-09-012022-09-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">1333</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-09-012021-09-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">1334</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">1333</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
    <IDT:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember">2023-09-22</IDT:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestingPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_zWq8NEhUIhk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;A
summary of the status of the Company&#x2019;s grants of DSUs is presented below:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zF0o74p7hw4l" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Grants of Restricted Shares&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Number of Non-vested&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                              &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;DSUs&lt;br/&gt;
(in thousands)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Weighted-Average&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                              &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Grant- Date&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                              &lt;p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%"&gt;Non-vested shares at July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zbIVCmDb6lfd" style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;154&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_pid_c20210801__20220731_zuLc5pVcTsKk" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Beginning balance"&gt;10.39&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zsjwXzYmiet3" style="text-align: right"&gt;4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_pid_c20210801__20220731_zh0jRmKxBMn7" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Granted"&gt;6.96&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Vested&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zc8j99G9aa9d" style="text-align: right"&gt;(152&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zEKyIWwX29Hd" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Vested"&gt;(10.34&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_iN_pn3n3_di_c20210801__20220731_zDFOFMdH03Q8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iN_pid_di_c20210801__20220731_zONLrno3xJk3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Forfeited"&gt;(11.19&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;NON-VESTED SHARES AT JULY 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zMRBV8cHh6i4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_pid_c20210801__20220731_zChbtwi0LTxi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Weighted- Average Grant- Date Fair Value, Ending balance"&gt;6.96&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="Shares">154000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">10.39</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">4000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">6.96</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">152000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">10.34</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">3000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">11.19</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="Shares">3000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">6.96</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue>
    <us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">11000</us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions>
    <us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1 contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember69601078">P0Y8M12D</us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1600000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1500000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1100000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue>
    <IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-02-28_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_NRSCommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.004</IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-02-28_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_NRSCommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1200000</us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue>
    <IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross
      contextRef="From2022-06-012022-06-30_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_NRSCommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.012</IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross>
    <IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2022-06-30_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">3300000</IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodRestrictedStockGrantDateFairValue>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross
      contextRef="From2020-12-302020-12-31_custom_NetTwoPhoneIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">50</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross>
    <IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodPercentageOfOutstandingSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross
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    <IDT:RestrictedStockContingentVestingArrangementsDescription contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_NetTwoPhoneIncMember">The restricted shares
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revenue that is at least $18 million, and (b) as of October 31, 2023, net2phone 2.0&#x2019;s valuation is $100 million or more. The restricted
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basis of $100 million or more, regardless of whether the revenue threshold was satisfied prior thereto. The restricted shares entitle
each grantee to proceeds only on a sale, spin-off, initial public offering, or other monetization of net2phone 2.0 and have protection
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    <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_zOhf3jQZ8ock" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
22&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_821_zWET6DxvFYre"&gt;Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_zHkavwp5XF16" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zRxPyfNfrix2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Unrealized&lt;br/&gt; gain (loss) on&lt;br/&gt; available-for-&lt;br/&gt; sale securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Foreign&lt;br/&gt; currency&lt;br/&gt; translation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Accumulated&lt;br/&gt; other&lt;br/&gt; comprehensive&lt;br/&gt; loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%; font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zhRtgxQmyUJh" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl3049"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zCZ48LaXUeGf" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax"&gt;(4,858&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zRthpdpVrI9j" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax"&gt;(4,858&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to IDT Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zoeKml9swjl6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax"&gt;42&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zFbxJc0sjpA5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax"&gt;(2,594&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zcxfkWoO0Zx8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax"&gt;(2,552&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zEeWib8nnUR5" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;42&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zdrBsToiE1Ff" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(7,452&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zp53MCQlGA69" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(7,410&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zc4RVeOTeTRe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(51&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_z6zVlJ2Jbsmi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(2,722&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zkEmi7BPaERg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(2,773&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zjdeihFAewQl" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"&gt;(9&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zfeJBwWRgWn5" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"&gt;(10,174&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zG2RSRdmRBdj" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"&gt;(10,183&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(537&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(585&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_c20210801__20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(1,122&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;BALANCE AT JULY 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zpHrJOQOb4xj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(546&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zX8uTkvPCzy9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(10,759&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zWxRwyhiDCkf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(11,305&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A3_z7kkUQm1Ns4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_zHkavwp5XF16" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zRxPyfNfrix2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Unrealized&lt;br/&gt; gain (loss) on&lt;br/&gt; available-for-&lt;br/&gt; sale securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Foreign&lt;br/&gt; currency&lt;br/&gt; translation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;Accumulated&lt;br/&gt; other&lt;br/&gt; comprehensive&lt;br/&gt; loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%; font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zhRtgxQmyUJh" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl3049"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zCZ48LaXUeGf" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax"&gt;(4,858&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zRthpdpVrI9j" style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax"&gt;(4,858&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to IDT Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zoeKml9swjl6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax"&gt;42&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zFbxJc0sjpA5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax"&gt;(2,594&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20190801__20200731_zcxfkWoO0Zx8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax"&gt;(2,552&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2020&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zEeWib8nnUR5" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;42&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zdrBsToiE1Ff" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(7,452&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zp53MCQlGA69" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(7,410&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zc4RVeOTeTRe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(51&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_z6zVlJ2Jbsmi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(2,722&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20200801__20210731_zkEmi7BPaERg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(2,773&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zjdeihFAewQl" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"&gt;(9&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zfeJBwWRgWn5" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"&gt;(10,174&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zG2RSRdmRBdj" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"&gt;(10,183&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(537&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(585&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_c20210801__20220731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(1,122&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;BALANCE AT JULY 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zpHrJOQOb4xj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(546&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zX8uTkvPCzy9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(10,759&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220731_zWxRwyhiDCkf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(11,305&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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    <us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_z37J8b0rzYBh" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
23&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82C_z83byRQ3BeF"&gt;Commitments and Contingencies&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Coronavirus
Disease (COVID-19)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company continues to monitor and respond to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of its business, including its customers,
employees, suppliers, vendors, and business partners.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operationally,
the Company&#x2019;s employees transitioned to work-from-home during the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and, to a large degree, continue
to work-from-home. Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, certain of the Company&#x2019;s employees returned to work in the Company&#x2019;s
offices on a hybrid basis. The Company&#x2019;s salespeople, customer service employees, technicians, and delivery employees continue
to serve its independent retailers, channel partners, and customers with minimal interruption.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;COVID-19
had mixed financial impacts on the Company beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and continuing through the fourth quarter of
fiscal 2022.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Legal
Proceedings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
January 22, 2019, Jose Rosales filed a putative class action against IDT America, IDT Domestic Telecom and IDT International in California
state court alleging certain violations of employment law. Plaintiff alleges that these companies failed to compensate members of the
putative class in accordance with California law. In August 2019, the Company filed a cross complaint against Rosales alleging trade
secret and other violations. On February 2, 2022, the court approved a settlement agreement between the parties. The settlement did not
have a material effect on the Company&#x2019;s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
April 24, 2018, Sprint Communications Company L.P. filed a patent infringement claim against the Company and certain of its affiliates
in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,298,064; 6,330,224; 6,343,084; 6,452,932;
6,463,052; 6,473,429; 6,563,918; 6,633,561; 6,697,340; 6,999,463; 7,286,561; 7,324,534; 7,327,728; 7,505,454; and 7,693,131. Plaintiff
was seeking damages and injunctive relief. On June 28, 2018, Sprint dismissed the complaint without prejudice. The Company is evaluating
the underlying claim, and at this stage, is unable to estimate its potential liability, if any. The Company intends to vigorously defend
any claim of infringement of the listed patents.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
July 5, 2017, plaintiff JDS1, LLC, on behalf of itself and all other similarly situated stockholders of Straight Path, and
derivatively on behalf of Straight Path as nominal defendant, filed a putative class action and derivative complaint in the Court of
Chancery of the State of Delaware against the Company, The Patrick Henry Trust (a trust formed by Howard S. Jonas that held record
and beneficial ownership of certain shares of Straight Path he formerly held), Howard S. Jonas, and each of Straight Path&#x2019;s
directors. The complaint alleges that the Company aided and abetted Straight Path Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Davidi Jonas, and Howard S. Jonas in his capacity as controlling stockholder of Straight Path, in breaching their fiduciary duties
to Straight Path in connection with the settlement of claims between Straight Path and the Company related to potential
indemnification claims concerning Straight Path&#x2019;s obligations under the Consent Decree it entered into with the Federal
Communications Commission (&#x201c;FCC&#x201d;), as well as the sale of Straight Path&#x2019;s subsidiary Straight Path IP Group, Inc.
to the Company in connection with that settlement. That action was consolidated with a similar action that was initiated by The
Arbitrage Fund. The Plaintiffs are seeking, among other things, (i) a declaration that the action may be maintained as a class
action or in the alternative, that demand on the Straight Path Board is excused; (ii) that the term sheet is invalid; (iii) awarding
damages for the unfair price stockholders received in the merger between Straight Path and Verizon Communications Inc. for their
shares of Straight Path&#x2019;s Class B common stock; and (iv) ordering Howard S. Jonas, Davidi Jonas, and the Company to disgorge
any profits for the benefit of the class Plaintiffs. On August 28, 2017, the Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. On September 24,
2017, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint, which was ultimately denied, and which denial was affirmed by the
Delaware Supreme Court. On February 17, 2022, the court denied the Company&#x2019;s motion for summary judgment. On March 10, 2022,
JDS1, LLC withdrew its application to serve as class representative and lead plaintiff. On May 16, 2022, the court denied The
Arbitrage Fund&#x2019;s motion to serve as class representative and lead plaintiff, and approved intervenor Ardell Howard&#x2019;s
motion to serve as class representative. The trial commenced on August 29, 2022 for a period of five days. The trial is currently
scheduled to continue and conclude in December 2022. The Company is vigorously defending this matter (see Note 14). At this stage,
the Company is unable to estimate its potential liability, if any.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
addition to the foregoing, the Company is subject to other legal proceedings that have arisen in the ordinary course of business and
have not been finally adjudicated. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, the Company believes that none of the other legal
proceedings to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on the Company&#x2019;s results of operations, cash flows,
or financial condition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Sales
Tax Contingency&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. The Company has evaluated its state tax filings with respect to the Wayfair
decision and is in the process of reviewing its remittance practices. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that the
Company has liability for periods for which it has not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions
were successful it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#x2019;s business, financial position, and operating results. One
or more jurisdictions may change their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to the Company&#x2019;s operations,
and if such changes were made it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#x2019;s business, financial position, and operating
results.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Regulatory
Fees Audit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s 2017 FCC Form 499-A, which reports its calendar year 2016 revenue, is currently under audit by the Universal Service
Administrative Company (&#x201c;USAC&#x201d;). The Internal Audit Division of USAC issued preliminary audit findings and the Company has,
in accordance with audit procedures, appealed certain of the findings. The Company awaits a final decision by USAC on the preliminary
audit findings. Depending on the findings contained in the final decision, the Company may further appeal to the FCC. Although a final
decision remains pending, the Company has been invoiced $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_c20220731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_pn5n6" title="Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss"&gt;2.9&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_c20220731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--UniversalServiceFundMember_pn5n6" title="Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss"&gt;1.8&lt;/span&gt; million on behalf of the Federal Telecommunications Relay
Services Fund and on behalf of the Universal Service Fund, respectively. The Company does not intend to remit payment for these fees
unless and until a negative decision on its appeal has been issued. In response to the aforementioned preliminary audit findings, the
Company made certain changes to its filing policies and procedures for years that remain potentially under audit. At July 31, 2022 and
2021, the Company&#x2019;s accrued expenses included $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Accrued liabilities"&gt;33.2&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_c20210731_pn5n6" title="Accrued liabilities"&gt;38.3&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively, for FCC-related regulatory fees for
the year covered by the audit, as well as prior and subsequent years.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Purchase
Commitments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
July 31, 2022, the Company had purchase commitments of $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PurchaseObligation_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Purchase obligation"&gt;4.7&lt;/span&gt; million primarily for equipment and services.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Performance
Bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company has performance bonds issued through third parties for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states&#x2019;
financial requirements for money remittance licenses and telecommunications resellers. At July 31, 2022, the Company had aggregate performance
bonds of $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--PerformanceBondsOutstanding_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Performance bonds outstanding"&gt;22.0&lt;/span&gt; million outstanding.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;FCC
Investigation of Straight Path Spectrum LLC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;On September 20, 2016, the Company received a letter of inquiry from the
Enforcement Bureau of the FCC requesting certain information and materials related to an investigation of potential violations by Straight
Path Spectrum LLC (formerly a subsidiary of the Company and Straight Path) in connection with licenses to operate on the 28 GHz and 39
GHz bands of the Fixed Microwave Services. The Company cooperated with the FCC in this matter. On August 24, 2022, the Enforcement Bureau
of the FCC&#x2019;s Spectrum Enforcement Division informed the Company that the Bureau had completed its review of the record regarding
the renewal of spectrum licenses included in the Company&#x2019;s spin-off of Straight Path and, at this time, does not plan to take further
action in the matter.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
CORPORATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&#x2014;(Continued)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2900000</us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss>
    <us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_UniversalServiceFundMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1800000</us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss>
    <us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">33200000</us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">38300000</us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:PurchaseObligation contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">4700000</us-gaap:PurchaseObligation>
    <IDT:PerformanceBondsOutstanding contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">22000000.0</IDT:PerformanceBondsOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock_zGEu4dkROo8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
24&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82A_zWUB2W2BXfOe"&gt;Related Party Transactions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Rafael
Holdings, Inc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
connection with the spin-off of Rafael in March 2018, the Company and Rafael entered into a Transition Services Agreement pursuant to
which certain administrative and other services are provided by the Company and Rafael. The Company charged Rafael $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party"&gt;0.3&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party"&gt;0.3&lt;/span&gt;
million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party"&gt;0.4&lt;/span&gt; million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively, for services provided, net of the amounts charged
by Rafael to the Company. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, other current assets reported in the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheets
included net receivable from Rafael of $&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current"&gt;0.1&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_c20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelSpinOffMember_pn5n6" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current"&gt;0.2&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;See
Note 4 for the Company&#x2019;s lease arrangements with Rafael.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Genie
Energy Ltd.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company entered into a Transition Services Agreement with Genie Energy Ltd. (&#x201c;Genie&#x201d;) prior to the spin-off of Genie in October
2011, which provides for certain services to be performed by the Company and Genie. The Company charged Genie $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party"&gt;1.3&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party"&gt;1.3&lt;/span&gt; million,
and $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Costs and Expenses, Related Party"&gt;1.1&lt;/span&gt; million in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively, for services provided and other items, net of the amounts
charged by Genie to the Company. At July 31, 2022 and 2021, other current assets reported in the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance
sheets included receivables from Genie of $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current"&gt;0.4&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_c20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--GenieAndSubsidiarieMember_pn5n6" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current"&gt;0.2&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
Related Party Transactions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company provides office space, certain connectivity and other services to Jonas Media Group, a publishing firm owned by Howard S. Jonas.
Billings for such services were $&lt;span id="xdx_909_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zCzPUvxpwcf1" title="Receivable from subsidiaries included in services"&gt;2,000&lt;/span&gt;; $&lt;span id="xdx_905_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_z8IBKEIN9hS9" title="Receivable from subsidiaries included in services"&gt;9,000&lt;/span&gt;; and $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zO3d9K3EwYtl" title="Receivable from subsidiaries included in services"&gt;15,000&lt;/span&gt; in fiscal 2022, fiscal 2021, and fiscal 2020, respectively. The balance owed
to the Company by Jonas Media Group was $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zm4NXBCrioj1" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current"&gt;2,000&lt;/span&gt; and $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_c20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zBXm6tXAyg31" title="Due from Other Related Parties, Current"&gt;26,000&lt;/span&gt; as of July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In September 2020, the Company
reduced its fiscal 2021 billings by $&lt;span id="xdx_900_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices_iI_c20200930__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zDG1SgBQUAKl" title="Receivable from subsidiaries included in adjusted amount"&gt;7,000&lt;/span&gt;. The adjusted amount owed to the Company by Jonas Media Group was $&lt;span id="xdx_904_ecustom--AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_c20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--JonasMember_zVz0Byyj6hh5" title="Adjusted due from other related parties current"&gt;19,000&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Mason
and Company Consulting, LLC (&#x201c;Mason and Co.&#x201d;), a company owned solely by Jonathan Mason, receives annual commissions and
fees for the insurance brokerage referral and placement of certain of the Company&#x2019;s insurance policies. Jonathan Mason is the husband
of Joyce J. Mason, the Company&#x2019;s General Counsel, and brother-in-law of Howard S. Jonas. Based on information the Company received
from Jonathan Mason, the Company believes that Mason and Co. received commissions and fees from payments made by the Company in the aggregate
amount of $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty_c20210801__20220731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_znl0SIkijEGi" title="Commissions and fees from payment by company"&gt;76,000&lt;/span&gt; in fiscal 2022, $&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_zPcXOF35lBLh" title="Commissions and fees from payment by company"&gt;63,000&lt;/span&gt; in fiscal 2021, and $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty_c20190801__20200731__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember_zuZ9KzK0iG8h" title="Commissions and fees from payment by company"&gt;63,000&lt;/span&gt; in fiscal 2020. Neither Howard S. Jonas nor Joyce Mason has any
ownership or other interest in Mason and Co., or the commissions paid to Mason and Co., other than via the familial relationships with
Jonathan Mason.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;IDT
DT leases space in a building in the Bronx, New York. The building is owned by a limited liability company that is jointly owned by Howard
S. Jonas and Shmuel Jonas. The lease, which became effective November 1, 2012, had a one-year term with a one-year renewal option. Since
the expiration of this lease and until May 31, 2020, the parties continued IDT DT&#x2019;s occupancy of the space on the same terms. Aggregate
annual rent under the lease was $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty_c20190801__20200531_zyth2e8LV1yg" title="Annual rent payment"&gt;60,900&lt;/span&gt;. On June 1, 2020, IDT DT released the space and moved into smaller space at an annual rent of
$&lt;span id="xdx_907_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty_c20200529__20200601_zAkuRRSa6d17" title="Annual rent payment"&gt;18,600&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company had loans receivable outstanding from employees aggregating $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--DueFromEmployeesCurrent_c20220731_pn5n6" title="Outstanding net loan receivable from employees"&gt;0.5&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--DueFromEmployeesCurrent_c20210731_pn5n6" title="Outstanding net loan receivable from employees"&gt;0.2&lt;/span&gt; million at July 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively,
which are included in &#x201c;Other current assets&#x201d; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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    <us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_RafaelSpinOffMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">300000</us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty>
    <us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_RafaelSpinOffMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">300000</us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty>
    <us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_RafaelSpinOffMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">400000</us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty>
    <us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_RafaelSpinOffMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">100000</us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_RafaelSpinOffMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">200000</us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1300000</us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty>
    <us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1300000</us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty>
    <us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1100000</us-gaap:CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty>
    <us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">400000</us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_GenieAndSubsidiarieMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">200000</us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent>
    <IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_JonasMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">2000</IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices>
    <IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_JonasMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">9000</IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices>
    <IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_JonasMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">15000</IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsToRelatedPartyForServices>
    <us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_JonasMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">2000</us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_JonasMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">26000</us-gaap:DueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent>
    <IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices
      contextRef="AsOf2020-09-30_custom_JonasMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">7000</IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionBillingsAdjustmentToRelatedPartyForServices>
    <IDT:AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31_custom_JonasMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">19000</IDT:AdjustedDueFromOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-07-31_custom_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">76000</us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty>
    <us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">63000</us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty>
    <us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-07-31_custom_MasonAndCompanyConsultingMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">63000</us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionExpensesFromTransactionsWithRelatedParty>
    <IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty
      contextRef="From2019-08-012020-05-31"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">60900</IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty>
    <IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty
      contextRef="From2020-05-292020-06-01"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">18600</IDT:RelatedPartyTransactionLeaseAnnualRentPaymentsToRelatedParty>
    <us-gaap:DueFromEmployeesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">500000</us-gaap:DueFromEmployeesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:DueFromEmployeesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">200000</us-gaap:DueFromEmployeesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:CompensationAndEmployeeBenefitPlansOtherThanShareBasedCompensationTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-07-31">&lt;p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--CompensationAndEmployeeBenefitPlansOtherThanShareBasedCompensationTextBlock_zYSZyYULkITa" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
25&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_825_zhsrUjq9JJ7b"&gt;Defined Contribution Plans&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company maintains a 401(k) Plan available to all employees meeting certain eligibility criteria. The plan permits participants to contribute
up to the maximum amount allowed by law. The plan provides for discretionary matching contributions that vest over the &lt;span id="xdx_908_ecustom--DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionVestingPeriod_c20210801__20220731" title="Employment period contributions, description"&gt;first five years&lt;/span&gt;
of employment. The plan permits the discretionary matching contributions to be granted as of December 31 of each year. All contributions
made by participants vest immediately into the participant&#x2019;s account. On May 27, 2021, the Company contributed &lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20210526__20210527__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_znrh42Wv4ZJg" title="Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues"&gt;35,839&lt;/span&gt; newly issued
shares of its Class B common stock to the Company&#x2019;s 401(k) Plan for $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_pn5n6_c20210526__20210527__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zNTNy6Duyy0e" title="Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt; million of matching contributions. In fiscal 2022, fiscal
2021, and fiscal 2020, the Company&#x2019;s expense related to the plan was $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized_c20210801__20220731_pn5n6" title="Defined Contribution Plan, Cost"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt; million, $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized_c20200801__20210731_pn5n6" title="Defined Contribution Plan, Cost"&gt;0.8&lt;/span&gt; million, and $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized_c20190801__20200731_pn5n6" title="Defined Contribution Plan, Cost"&gt;1.0 &lt;/span&gt;million, respectively.
The Company&#x2019;s Class A common stock and Class B common stock are not investment options for the plan&#x2019;s participants.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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A-S,Q7W!R92YX;6Q02P4&      T #0 4 P  OP '

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
